CN110828266A - Cathode component of X-ray tube, degassing circuit and degassing method - Google Patents
Cathode component of X-ray tube, degassing circuit and degassing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110828266A CN110828266A CN201911119949.2A CN201911119949A CN110828266A CN 110828266 A CN110828266 A CN 110828266A CN 201911119949 A CN201911119949 A CN 201911119949A CN 110828266 A CN110828266 A CN 110828266A
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- power supply
- degasification
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- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/06—Cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/38—Exhausting, degassing, filling, or cleaning vessels
- H01J9/39—Degassing vessels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a X-ray tube cathode part, degasification circuit and degasification method, X-ray tube cathode part include negative pole head, insulator group, degasification filament, insulator group includes the insulator more than two, the overhead installation insulator group of negative pole, the negative pole head passes through the adjustable constant voltage power supply positive pole of negative pole head switch meet direct current, and characterized by degasification filament one end is connected with adjustable switching power supply one end through programme-controlled time delay switch, and the degasification filament other end is connected with the adjustable switching power supply other end, and degasification filament working section installs on insulator group, degasification filament and negative pole head electricity not be connected, and when negative pole head, degasification filament circular telegram, degasification filament are to negative pole head release electron flow. The application also includes a degassing circuit and a degassing method for cathode components of an X-ray tube. The degassing circuit comprises a direct current adjustable voltage-stabilized power supply, an adjustable switching power supply, a milliammeter, an ammeter, a program-controlled delay switch and a cathode head switch. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, low cost and good degassing effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a cathode component of an X-ray tube, a degassing circuit and a degassing method.
Background
Referring to fig. 1, the cathode component of the X-ray tube of the prior art is composed of a cathode head 1 ', ceramic beads 2', a nickel tube 3 ', and a filament 4', wherein the ceramic beads 2 'and the nickel tube 3' are both mounted on the cathode head 1 ', and the connection points at the two ends of the filament 4' of the cathode head degassing structure are the ceramic beads 2 'and the nickel tube 3', respectively, and the degassing structure has several problems:
in the exhaust process, the cathode head part can only adopt the traditional heating by current, thus having certain limitation;
the power requirement of the filament is high by using the traditional heating degassing process by current, and the required degassing temperature is often not reached, so that the poor result is generated in the subsequent testing process.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the application is to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provide the cathode component of the X-ray tube, the degassing circuit and the degassing method which have the advantages of simple structure, convenience in use, low cost and good effect.
The technical scheme adopted by the application for solving the technical problems comprises the following steps: the utility model provides an X-ray tube cathode part, includes negative pole head, insulator group, degasification filament, insulator group includes the insulator more than two, and the overhead installation insulator group of negative pole, negative pole head pass through the adjustable constant voltage power supply positive pole of negative pole head switch connection direct current, and characterized by degasification filament one end is connected with adjustable switching power supply one end through programme-controlled delay switch, and the degasification filament other end is connected with the adjustable switching power supply other end, and degasification filament working section installs on insulator group, degasification filament and negative pole head electricity is not connected, and the adjustable constant voltage power supply voltage of direct current is generally between 180~400V to when ensureing negative pole head, degasification filament circular telegram, degasification filament is to negative pole head release electron flow, makes the purpose that the.
This application the degasification filament working section is installed on the insulating filament frame of negative pole head to ensure that the degasification filament is fixed reliable, can not be connected with the negative pole head electricity.
The application the degassing filament passes through all insulators of the insulator group.
This application insulator group is a plurality of, and the degasification filament of installation constitutes parallelly connected many sets of degasification structure combination of compriseing insulator group, degasification filament on every insulator group, and a programme-controlled time delay switch is shared in degasification structure combination (connect adjustable switching power supply after degassing structure combination and programme-controlled time delay switch are established ties promptly), and when programme-controlled time delay switch opened this moment, every set of degasification structure combination all cuts off the power supply, and when programme-controlled time delay switch closed, every set of degasification structure combination was all switched on work.
This application insulator group is a plurality of, installs a degasification filament on every insulator group, and every degasification filament is connected with adjustable switching power supply through its independent programme-controlled time delay switch, constitutes parallelly connected many sets and is become independent degasification structure combination that insulator group, degasification filament, independent programme-controlled time delay switch constitute.
The insulator is made of an insulating material, and porcelain beads are adopted in a special case.
The distance between degasification filament working section and the negative pole head is between 0.3 millimeter ~0.8 millimeter, and the distance between the degasification filament except that degasification filament working section and the negative pole head is not less than the distance between degasification filament working section and the negative pole head.
The technical scheme that this application solved above-mentioned technical problem and adopted still includes: the degassing circuit of the X-ray tube cathode component comprises a direct-current adjustable voltage-stabilized power supply with voltage display, an adjustable switching power supply with a built-in potentiometer, a milliammeter, an ammeter, a program-controlled delay switch and a cathode head switch, and is characterized in that: the cathode head is connected with the anode of a direct-current adjustable stabilized voltage power supply through a milliammeter and a cathode head switch, one end of a degassing filament is connected with one end of an adjustable switching power supply through the ammeter and a program-controlled time delay switch, the other end of the degassing filament is connected with the other end of the adjustable switching power supply, and the cathode of the direct-current adjustable stabilized voltage power supply and the cathode of the adjustable switching power supply are grounded.
The technical scheme that this application solved above-mentioned technical problem and adopted still includes: a degassing method (in particular, a method for using the cathode assembly and the degassing circuit of the X-ray tube), comprising the steps of:
s1: a preparation step;
s2: closing a cathode head switch;
s3: closing the program-controlled time delay switch, electrifying the degassing filament, gradually increasing the current of the degassing filament in stages (the current of the cathode tube is increased at the same time, but the increasing proportion is possibly different), so that electrons generated by the degassing filament bombard the cathode head to generate heat, and the set cathode head temperature (which can be detected by an infrared thermometer) is reached and is kept for a period of time;
s4: and (4) stopping the machine after heating (the program control delay switch is disconnected, and the cathode head switch is disconnected).
The step of gradually increasing the current of the cathode tube in stages comprises three stages and current adjustment is carried out through a built-in potentiometer of an adjustable switching power supply, the degassing filament current is increased from 0 to a primary degassing filament current range (for example, 2-3 ampere times, the degassing filament current can be read from an ampere-times table and generally does not exceed 5 ampere times) in the first stage, so that the current (the current of the cathode tube) on a cathode head is correspondingly increased from 0 to the primary cathode tube current range of 10-25 mA for 3 minutes; in the second stage, the degassing filament current is slowly increased, so that the current value of the cathode tube reaches the set current range of 50-75 mA of the cathode tube, and the time is 3 minutes; the current mA value of the cathode tube in the third stage is maintained in the current range of the set cathode tube for a period of time of 15-19 minutes, and the temperature of the cathode head finally (the last period of time of the last heating stage, for example, the last few minutes of the third stage) reaches the set temperature (750 ℃ plus or minus 20 ℃).
The preparation step (S1) described herein includes preparing the required components, assembling (connecting) the X-ray tube cathode assembly and the degas circuit, and pre-drawing on the exhaust table.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and effects: simple structure, convenient use, low cost and good degassing effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art structure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a degassing circuit according to an embodiment of the present application, where U0: a direct current adjustable voltage-stabilized power supply (cathode head power supply), the voltage adjusting range is 0-400V, and the voltage display V is carried out; u2: the adjustable switching power supply (control power supply, direct current 0-12V, 10A) + built-in potentiometer (0-10KW, 10A), adjustable output 0-10A (DC), precision 0.1A, can feedback and adjust the adjustable switching power supply current according to mA numerical value, guarantee the output current meets the requirements; mA: milliammeter, 0-200 mA; a: an ammeter, 0-10A; c, a program-controlled delay switch, in particular a program-controlled delay relay, can set delay starting time and delay ending time; k: and a cathode head switch.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples, which are illustrative of the present application and are not limited to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the cathode assembly of the X-ray tube of this embodiment includes a cathode head 1, an insulator group 2, a degassing filament 4, and a nickel tube 5, the specific example of the cathode assembly of the X-ray tube is composed of the cathode head 1, the insulator group 2, and the degassing filament 4, the insulator group 2 includes a first insulator 21 and a second insulator 22, the first insulator 21 and the second insulator 22 are installed on the cathode head 1, one end (point G in fig. 3) of the cathode head 1 is connected to the positive electrode of a dc adjustable regulated power supply U0 through a milliammeter mA, a cathode head switch K, one end (end F in fig. 3) of the degassing filament 4 is connected to one end of an adjustable switching power supply U2 through the ammeter a programmable delay switch a, the other end (end F in fig. 3) of the degassing filament 4 is connected to the other end of the adjustable switching power supply U2, a degassing filament operating section 41 (one of which is the degassing filament 4 between the, the degassing filament 4 from one F end to the other F end in the figure 3) is installed on a first insulator 21 and a second insulator 22, the degassing filament 4 is not connected with the cathode head 1, the distance between the degassing filament working section 41 and the cathode head 1 is determined according to actual requirements and is usually between 0.3 mm and 0.8 mm, the current on the degassing filament 4 is usually between 0 and 10A, the voltage at two ends of the degassing filament working section 41 is usually between 0V and 12V, so that when the degassing filament 4 is electrified, a discharge phenomenon is formed between the degassing filament working section 41 and the cathode head 1, and degassing is performed by heating the cathode head 1 through discharge.
This application can also dispose independent insulator 3 and reserve filament (reserve electrical heating degasification filament, not shown on the figure), and reserve filament is installed on independent insulator 3 and nickel pipe 5, is about to prior art as reserve option.
The embodiment of the application has the advantages that:
1. the cathode head part can be degassed in a cathode targeting mode in the degassing process;
the cathode target can slowly degas the cathode head part, and can effectively remove the limitation of the power of the filament to reach the required degassing temperature.
The principle of cathode targeting:
the cathode head 1 is connected with the positive electrode of a direct-current adjustable voltage-stabilized power supply U0, and when a cathode head switch K is closed, a voltage is applied to the cathode head 1, and the voltage is generally between 180 and 400V; and controlling the programmable delay switch C to be switched on, controlling the adjustable switching power supply U2 to slowly increase the current of the degassing filament 4, generating a potential difference between the degassing filament working section 41 and the cathode head 1, heating the cathode head 1 in a manner that electrons on the degassing filament 4 directly bombard the cathode head 1, and after heating is finished, controlling the programmable delay switch C to be switched off, and switching off the cathode head switch K.
This application is through insulator group 2 installation degasification filament 4, utilizes the potential difference between degasification filament 4 and the negative pole head 1, lets the electron that degasification filament 4 produced directly bombard negative pole head 1 mode and heat negative pole head 1, and the tradition is concentrated on being heated the thing through filament circular current heating or adopt the magnetic line of force that intermediate frequency heating produced by heating coil circular current, by the induction action of electromagnetism, produces vortex current, will be heated the thing heating.
The insulator group 2 can comprise more than three insulators, and the degassing effect is enhanced by arranging more than three insulators in the insulator group 2. When the degassing filament 4 passes through all insulators of the insulator group, for example, when the insulator group is three insulators, the degassing filament 4 passes through all three insulators (no repetition, each insulator passes through only once, the same applies below), so that a degassing filament working section 41 formed by two degassing filament sub-working sections is formed on the cathode head 1, and the two degassing filament sub-working sections discharge electricity to the cathode head 1 to heat the cathode head 1; when the insulator group is four insulators, the degassing filament 4 passes through all four insulators, so that three degassing filament sub-working sections are formed on the cathode head 1, the three degassing filament sub-working sections discharge and heat the cathode head 1 … … to the cathode head 1, and the rest is analogized.
According to the application, a plurality of insulator groups 2 can be arranged, each insulator group 2 is matched with one corresponding degassing filament 4, and degassing effects are enhanced by using a plurality of degassing structure combinations, so that a plurality of degassing structure combinations formed by the insulator groups and the degassing filaments in parallel are formed (a program control time delay switch C is shared, each degassing structure combination is powered off when the program control time delay switch C is opened, and each degassing structure combination is powered on to work when the program control time delay switch C is closed); or a plurality of sets of independent (controlled by the independent program-controlled delay switches) degassing structure combinations (each set is provided with an independent program-controlled delay switch, and each independent program-controlled delay switch only controls one set of degassing structure combination corresponding to the independent program-controlled delay switch) which are formed by the insulating sub-sets, the degassing filaments and the independent program-controlled delay switches in parallel.
The degassing filament of every set of degassing structure combination of this application can be different, is equipped with the degassing filament of different power, different distance as required. The combination of this application degasification structure and prior art also can be, for example, one set of degasification structure combination adopts this application degasification structure, and another set of independent degasification structure adopts the technical scheme that prior art's degasification filament was installed between insulator, nickel pipe.
The degassing filament 4 is connected with the program control delay switch C and the adjustable switching power supply U2 through an insulating filament frame (not shown in the figure and made of insulating materials) on the cathode head 1.
The working process of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
1) preparing the parts and controlling the dimensional tolerance precision;
2) assembling a cathode component of the X-ray tube and a degassing circuit;
3) pre-pumping on an exhaust table (same as the prior art);
4) closing a cathode head switch K;
5) and (2) closing the program-controlled time delay switch C, electrifying the degassing filament 4, gradually increasing the current of the degassing filament 4 from 0 to the initial degassing filament current range (which is suitable for the parameters of the cathode component of the type and is obtained according to the actual condition test), slowly (generally divided into two to three sections, aiming at preventing the cathode component from being oxidized due to the fact that the vacuum degree is reduced too fast caused by the too fast temperature rise, and determining each section of time according to the actual requirement. The special case is divided into three sections, each section of the first two sections is 3min, the time of the last section is 15-19 min), the current of the degassing filament 4 is increased (the current of the corresponding cathode tube is also increased), and electrons on the degassing filament 4 bombard the cathode head 1 to generate heat;
6) and stopping heating after the heating time (generally 21-25 min) and the cathode head temperature (750 +/-20 ℃) which meet the process requirements are reached.
The cathode head 1 can be degassed to meet the process requirements through the steps, and the degassing is more thorough.
Table 1, the technical effects of the prior art and the embodiments of the present application are compared:
| percent of pass after aging | Average percent of pass | |
| Traditional mode (investment 300) | 81.55% | 79.55% |
| Method of the present application (investment 300) | 94.5% | 93.5% |
After the change, the qualification rate is obviously improved under the condition of no other change, and the technical scheme is effective.
All simple variations and combinations of the technical features and technical solutions of the present application are considered to fall within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an X-ray tube cathode part, includes negative pole head, insulator group, degasification filament, insulator group includes the insulator more than two, and the overhead installation insulator group of negative pole, negative pole head pass through the negative pole head switch and connect the adjustable constant voltage power supply positive pole of direct current, characterized by: degassing filament one end is connected with adjustable switching power supply one end through programme-controlled time delay switch, and the degassing filament other end is connected with the adjustable switching power supply other end, and degassing filament working section installs on insulating subunit, the degassing filament is not connected with the negative pole head electricity, and the degassing filament releases electron flow to the negative pole head when negative pole head, degassing filament circular telegram.
2. The X-ray tube cathode assembly of claim 1, wherein: the degassing filament working section is arranged on an insulating filament frame of the cathode head.
3. The X-ray tube cathode assembly of claim 1, wherein: the degassing filament passes through all insulators of the insulator group.
4. The X-ray tube cathode assembly of claim 1, wherein: the number of the insulator groups is multiple, each insulator group is provided with a degassing filament to form a plurality of degassing structure combinations which are connected in parallel and consist of the insulator groups and the degassing filaments, and the degassing structure combinations share one program control time delay switch.
5. The X-ray tube cathode assembly of claim 1, wherein: the multiple insulator groups are provided, each insulator group is provided with a degassing filament, and each degassing filament is connected with the adjustable switch power supply through the independent program control delay switch to form multiple independent degassing structure combinations which are formed by the insulator groups, the degassing filaments and the independent program control delay switches in parallel.
6. The X-ray tube cathode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the insulator adopts porcelain beads.
7. The X-ray tube cathode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the distance between degasification filament working section and the negative pole head is between 0.3 millimeter ~0.8 millimeter, and the distance between the degasification filament except that degasification filament working section and the negative pole head is not less than the distance between degasification filament working section and the negative pole head.
8. An outgassing circuit for cathode assembly of X-ray tube according to any of claims 1 to 7, comprising a dc adjustable regulated power supply with voltage display, an adjustable switching power supply with built-in potentiometer, a milliammeter, an ammeter, a programmable time delay switch, a cathode head switch, characterized in that: the cathode head is connected with the anode of a direct-current adjustable stabilized voltage power supply through a milliammeter and a cathode head switch, one end of a degassing filament is connected with one end of an adjustable switching power supply through the ammeter and a program-controlled time delay switch, the other end of the degassing filament is connected with the other end of the adjustable switching power supply, and the cathode of the direct-current adjustable stabilized voltage power supply and the cathode of the adjustable switching power supply are grounded.
9. A degassing method, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1: a preparation step;
s2: closing a cathode head switch;
s3: closing the program-controlled delay switch, gradually increasing the current of the cathode tube in stages to reach the required degassing temperature and keeping for a period of time;
s4: and stopping the heating machine after the heating is finished.
10. The degassing method as set forth in claim 9, wherein: the step of gradually increasing the current of the cathode tube in stages comprises three stages and adjusts the current through a built-in potentiometer of an adjustable switching power supply, the current of the cathode tube in the first stage is increased from 0 to the range of the current of the primary cathode tube for 3 minutes; the current of the cathode tube at the second stage is increased from the initial current of the cathode tube to the set current of the cathode tube for 3 minutes; and in the third stage, the current of the cathode tube is kept within the set current range of the cathode tube for 15-19 minutes, and the temperature of the cathode head finally reaches the set temperature range.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911119949.2A CN110828266A (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Cathode component of X-ray tube, degassing circuit and degassing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911119949.2A CN110828266A (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Cathode component of X-ray tube, degassing circuit and degassing method |
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| CN110828266A true CN110828266A (en) | 2020-02-21 |
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| CN201911119949.2A Pending CN110828266A (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Cathode component of X-ray tube, degassing circuit and degassing method |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104470178A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2015-03-25 | 清华大学 | X-ray device and CT device with same |
| CN105023820A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2015-11-04 | 安徽华东光电技术研究所 | Vacuum treatment method of multi-injection cathode assembly |
| CN110360835A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-10-22 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of ultrahigh vacuum depassing unit and method |
| CN210866110U (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-06-26 | 杭州凯龙医疗器械有限公司 | Cathode component and degassing circuit of X-ray tube |
-
2019
- 2019-11-15 CN CN201911119949.2A patent/CN110828266A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104470178A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2015-03-25 | 清华大学 | X-ray device and CT device with same |
| CN105023820A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2015-11-04 | 安徽华东光电技术研究所 | Vacuum treatment method of multi-injection cathode assembly |
| CN110360835A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-10-22 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of ultrahigh vacuum depassing unit and method |
| CN210866110U (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-06-26 | 杭州凯龙医疗器械有限公司 | Cathode component and degassing circuit of X-ray tube |
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