CN110825618B - Method and related device for generating test case - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a method and a related device for generating test cases. A method of generating test cases comprising: recording interactive operation between a user and a server to generate an interactive operation set; determining a scripting language, compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the scripting language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set; inserting a call statement corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script; analyzing the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set; obtaining an example name and an expected result; and calling an interface of the test case management platform, and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate the test case. The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application is beneficial to realizing the format standardization of the test case and improving the output efficiency of the test case.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a method and a related device for generating test cases.
Background
The software test refers to a process of operating a program under a specified condition to find out program errors, measure the quality of the software and evaluate whether the software can meet design requirements, and a test case is an output document of test work, which is very important in the test process and can convert the behavior of the software test into a manageable mode.
At present, test cases are often manually written, and because the number of people for writing the test cases is large, the writing modes of all people are different, the formats of the formed test cases are different, and moreover, more time is required for manually writing the test cases, so that the efficiency of test case output is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a related device for generating test cases, which are beneficial to realizing format standardization of the test cases and improving the efficiency of test case output.
The first aspect of the present application provides a method for generating a test case, including:
recording interactive operation between a user and a server to generate an interactive operation set;
determining a scripting language, compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the scripting language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set;
Inserting call sentences corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script;
analyzing the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
obtaining an example name and an expected result;
and calling an interface of a test case management platform, and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case.
A second aspect of the present application provides an apparatus for generating a test case, the apparatus including:
the recording unit is used for recording the interactive operation between the user and the server so as to generate an interactive operation set;
the compiling unit is used for determining a scripting language, and compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the scripting language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set;
the script generation unit is used for intensively inserting a call statement corresponding to the script language into the operation function so as to generate a test script;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the test script, obtaining an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
The acquisition unit is used for acquiring the case name and the expected result;
and the case generation unit is used for calling an interface of the test case management platform and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform so as to generate a test case.
A third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device comprising a processor, a memory, a communication interface and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured for execution by the processor, the programs comprising instructions for performing the steps of any of the methods of the first aspect of the present application.
A fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program for execution by a processor to perform some or all of the steps described in any of the methods of the first aspect of the present application.
It can be seen that, through the method and related device for generating test cases provided by the application, the interactive operation of the user and the server is recorded to generate an interactive operation set, the scripting language is determined, for each interactive operation in the interactive operation set, each interactive operation is compiled into an operation function according to the scripting language to obtain an operation function set, a call statement corresponding to the scripting language is inserted into the operation function set to generate a test script, the test script is analyzed to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, a test data set is obtained according to parameters in the operation function set, an interface of a test case management platform is called, and the test case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result are imported into the test case management platform to generate the test cases. Therefore, in the test process, only the interactive operation between the user and the server is required to be recorded, the test script is generated according to the interactive operation, then the test script is analyzed, the analyzed data is imported into the test case management platform, the test case can be automatically generated, the test case does not need to be manually written, the format standardization of the test case is facilitated by the platform for generating the test case, the test case does not need to be written for a large amount of time, and the efficiency of test case output is improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for generating test cases according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for generating test cases according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another method for generating test cases according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for generating test cases according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in a hardware running environment according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The method and the related device for generating the test case are beneficial to realizing format standardization of the test case and improving the efficiency of test case output.
In order to make the present application solution better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description will be made in detail and with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and in the claims of this application and in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular sequential order. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below.
Referring first to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system 100 for generating test cases according to an embodiment of the present application. The system 100 for generating the test cases comprises a terminal 101, a server 102 and a test case management platform 103, wherein the terminal 101 is in communication connection with the server 102, and the terminal 101 is in communication connection with the test case management platform 103;
the terminal 101 is configured to record an interaction operation between a user and a server, so as to generate an interaction operation set; determining a scripting language, compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the scripting language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set; inserting call sentences corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script; analyzing the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set; obtaining an example name and an expected result; calling an interface of a test case management platform, and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case;
A server 102 for interacting with the terminal 101;
and the test case management platform 103 is used for importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result to generate a test case.
In the above embodiment, the terminal 101 includes a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a palm computer, a mobile internet device or other types of terminals, the server 102 is a tested system, and the user interacts with the server 102 through the terminal 101.
It can be seen that, through the above embodiment, the terminal 101 records the interaction between the user and the server 102, generates a test script, parses the test script to obtain an operation step set and a test data set, obtains an instance name and an expected result, invokes an interface of the test case management platform 103, and imports the instance name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform 103 to generate a test case. Therefore, in the test process, only the interactive operation between the user and the server is required to be recorded, the test script is generated according to the interactive operation, then the test script is analyzed, the analyzed data is imported into the test case management platform, the test case can be automatically generated, the test case does not need to be manually written, the format standardization of the test case is facilitated by the platform for generating the test case, the test case does not need to be written for a large amount of time, and the efficiency of test case output is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for generating test cases according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, a method for generating a test case provided in this embodiment may include:
201. the terminal records the interaction operation of the user and the server to generate an interaction operation set.
The terminal comprises a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, a palm computer, mobile internet equipment or other types of terminals, the server is a system to be tested, the user interacts with the server through the terminal, and the terminal records the interaction operation of the user and the server so as to generate an interaction operation set.
In one possible example, the terminal records the interaction between the user and the server by using a VuGen component, where the VuGen component is one of core components of LoadRunner, which is a load testing tool for predicting system behavior and performance, and determines and searches for problems by simulating how tens of millions of users implement concurrent load and real-time performance monitoring, and the LoadRunner can test the entire enterprise architecture. The enterprise can furthest shorten the test time by using LoadRunner, optimize the performance and accelerate the release period of the application system. LoadRunner can be used for automatic load testing of various architectures, and can predict system behavior and evaluate system performance.
Before recording the interactive operation between the user and the server, the terminal operates the VuGen component;
after running the VuGen component, selecting a protocol type, in a possible example, a user communicates with a server through an ICA protocol, wherein a ICA (Independent Computing Architecture) protocol is relatively saved in occupation of bandwidth resources, supports various types of terminal equipment, averagely occupies 10-20kbps network bandwidth, and has a platform independent characteristic compared with other protocols such as RDP/RDS, PCoIP, RGS;
the transaction name and the expected result are input in advance by a user, wherein the transaction name is used for generally describing the interactive operation, and the expected result is used for outputting the expected result of the current interactive operation and comprises the content of a return value, the response result of an interface, the rule compliance of the output result, the operation state in a storage table such as a database and the like, and for example, the transaction name can be used for checking whether the basic flow of the qualification audit application is normal or not.
In one possible example, the process of recording user interactions with a server using a VuGen component includes:
the VuGen component opens a browser that accesses the server with the VuGen component as a proxy, so that the VuGen component can capture interactions between the user and the server.
In one possible example, after recording is completed, the set of interactions is stored in a log.
202. The terminal determines a scripting language, and compiles each interactive operation into an operation function according to the scripting language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set.
Among them, the scripting languages include C language, javaScript language, VBScript language, etc., and in most cases C language is used, javaScript language is used for some Java applications such as Java applets, etc., and VBScript language is used for applications developed in visual basic.
In one possible example, the terminal obtains a set of interactions from the log, compiles each interaction in the set of interactions into an operation function according to the scripting language, the operation functions form the set of operation functions, the operation function is used for simulating the operation or movement of the mouse and the keyboard, meanwhile, communication data in each interaction is obtained, and the communication data in each interaction is used for replacing parameters in the operation function.
After compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the scripting language, the operation functions corresponding to each interactive operation can be sequenced according to the sequence of operation and combined into an operation function set.
For example, the operation function web_custom_request, describes the interactive operation as: any method that allows the creation of custom HTTP requests using HTTP support; the operation function web_image describes the interactive operation as: simulating a mouse click on the defined image; the operation function web_link describes the interactive operation as follows: simulating a mouse click on the defined text link; the operation function web_subset_data describes interactive operations as follows: executing a form that is "unconditional" or "context free"; the operation function web_subset_form describes the interactive operation as follows: submitting the simulation form; the operation function web_url describes the interactive operation as follows: the URL specified by the "URL" attribute is loaded.
203. And the terminal inserts the call statement corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script.
The operation function set can be called and executed through the calling statement, the script languages are different, and the description modes of the corresponding calling statement are also different, so that the calling statement corresponding to the script language selected by the user needs to be determined and inserted into the operation function set to generate the test script.
For example, when the scripting language is C language, the call statement may be a main function, a main function is inserted into the set of operation functions, and an operation function executing the set of operation functions may be called by the main function.
For example, when a user accesses a certain Html file, the browser first takes the Html file and then parses it. If the Html file contains information such as pictures and videos, the browser accesses the background Web server again, sequentially acquires the images and the video files, assembles the Html file with the images and the video files, and displays the assembled images and video files on a screen.
The description will be given taking the top page of the Apache server as an example. The page is composed of two parts: text file index. There are actually two request actions in one access procedure: firstly, a browser sends a request to an Apache server, and the Apache server returns index. After receiving index HTML, the built-in HTML parser starts parsing index HTML, and finds that there is one picture link apache_pb.gif, so that the browser sends request GET/cache_pb.gif again, and requests to obtain picture file apache_pb.gif.
The terminal generates an operation function describing the first page of accessing the Apache server, and because of two request actions, the two request processes of the server correspondingly generate the operation function, the obtained operation function set comprises two operation functions, the function names of the two operation functions are web_url, a call statement is inserted into the operation function set, and the call statement can be a main function, so that a test script is formed.
204. And the terminal analyzes the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtains a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set.
In one possible example, the method for obtaining the test data set according to the parameters in the operation function set by the terminal analyzing the test script to obtain the operation step set corresponding to the operation function set may be:
analyzing the test script to obtain an operation function set;
acquiring a pre-stored corresponding relation between an operation function and an operation step;
aiming at each operation function in the operation function set, obtaining an operation step corresponding to each operation function according to the corresponding relation to obtain an operation step set;
parameters in each operating function are acquired to obtain a test dataset.
Specifically, the test script is composed of an operation function set, the operation function set can be obtained by analyzing the test script, the corresponding relation between the operation function and the operation steps is stored in the terminal in advance, the operation step corresponding to each operation function in the operation function set can be obtained according to the corresponding relation, each operation step forms the operation step set, the parameters in each operation function are communication data of a user and the server, the parameters in each operation function are obtained, and the parameters in each operation function form the test data set.
The test data set comprises external data which needs to be input in the execution process of the test case.
The operation step set includes operation steps required for executing the current test case, detailed description of each step needs to be explicitly given, and a tester can complete the execution of the test case according to the operation steps, for example, for a test script with a transaction name of checking whether a basic flow of "qualification audit application" is normal, the operation step set may be:
(1) Entering a main application page, and clicking a qualification audit application button;
(2) Inputting a valid item number, clicking a search button;
(3) After a new page is popped up, relevant information is input, and a 'submit' button at the bottom is clicked;
(4) The other necessary filling items are correctly input completely, and the 'save' button of the main page is clicked;
(5) Checking prompt information of a pop-up dialog box;
(6) The storage status of the application in the database table is checked.
205. The terminal obtains the case name and the expected result.
In one possible example, before recording the interaction between the user and the server, the user needs to input a transaction name and an expected result, where the transaction name generally describes the interaction, and the expected result is an expected output result of the current interaction, including content of a return value, a response result of an interface, rule compliance of the output result, and an operation state in a storage table such as a database, and the transaction name may be, for example, checking whether a basic flow of a "qualification audit application" is normal.
The test case is described by the language of the case name and the summary, the terminal obtains the transaction name and the expected result input by the user before recording, and the case name of the test case is determined to be the transaction name input by the user.
For example, for a test script whose transaction name is checking whether the "qualification audit application" basic flow is normal, the set of operational steps includes: (1) Entering a main application page, and clicking a qualification audit application button; (2) Inputting a valid item number, clicking a search button; (3) After a new page is popped up, relevant information is input, and a 'submit' button at the bottom is clicked; (4) The other necessary filling items are correctly input completely, and the 'save' button of the main page is clicked; (5) viewing popup dialog prompt information; (6) checking the storage state of the application in the database table. The corresponding use case name is used for checking whether the basic flow of the qualification audit application is normal, and the expected result can be:
(1) Entering an entry page of a qualification audit application;
(2) Entering a 'search result' page, wherein the search result corresponds to the number;
(3) Prompting success of submission;
(4) Prompting that the preservation is successful, and generating a new record in the draft;
(5) An application record is newly added in the table, and the status code is 1.
206. And the terminal calls an interface of a test case management platform, and the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result are imported into the test case management platform to generate a test case.
The Test case management platform comprises TestManager, wiki, bugzilla +test Runner, testDirector, testLink, QC and other platforms.
And calling an interface of the test case management platform, importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform, generating the test case by the platform, and uploading the test case, wherein the test case comprises the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result.
In one possible example, the test cases also include any one or a combination of the following:
the case number is formed by combining characters and numbers, and has uniqueness and easy recognition;
the module represents a testing large class or a tested requirement, a tested module, a tested unit and the like of the current test case;
the importance level, namely the use case priority, is generally divided into high, medium and low, special items can be customized to the priority level, and testers can schedule execution time according to the importance level;
The precondition represents a precondition required when executing the current test case, and if the precondition is not satisfied, the following test step cannot be executed, and the precondition is not required for each test case, depending on the situation.
In one possible example, after generating the test case, further includes:
uploading the test cases to a test case management platform;
classifying all test cases stored in a test case management platform according to the names of the test cases to obtain M test case sets, wherein the M test case sets respectively correspond to M types, and M is a positive integer;
when a query instruction carrying a first case name is received, searching whether a first test case set matched with the first case name exists from M test case sets;
and if the first test case set exists, displaying all the test cases in the first test case set.
Specifically, the test case management platform stores a plurality of test cases, classifies the test cases according to the case names to obtain M test case sets, wherein the M test case sets correspond to M types, namely, each test case set in the M test case sets corresponds to one type of case name, when a query instruction carrying a first case name is received, whether a first test case set matched with the first case name exists in the M test case sets is searched, if the first test case set exists, all test cases in the first test case set are displayed, for example, the searched test case is of a login type, and the search case name comprises the login test case set and is displayed.
In one possible example, the method further includes:
if the first test case set does not exist, at least one case name matched with the first case name is obtained;
acquiring at least one test case set matched with at least one case name from M test case sets;
displaying all test cases in at least one test case set.
Specifically, a fuzzy search strategy can be adopted when the test cases are inquired, namely, the case names are not subjected to strong matching, but the case names matched with the case names are searched, and then the matched test case sets are searched and displayed, so that more inquiry results are obtained. For example, if the queried test case is of the "login" type, the test case set whose case name includes "login" is searched, if the test case set whose case name includes "login" is not searched, the case name "login" matching with "login" is determined, and then the test case set whose case name includes "login" is searched and displayed.
In one possible example, the method of displaying all test cases in the at least one test case set may be:
acquiring uploading time of all test cases in at least one test case set, and displaying all test cases in the at least one test case set according to the sequence of the uploading time from first to last;
Or obtaining the case names of all the test cases in the at least one test case set, calculating the similarity between the case names of all the test cases in the at least one test case set and the first case name, and displaying all the test cases in the at least one test case set according to the sequence from the high similarity to the low similarity.
Specifically, when a plurality of test cases are displayed, the order of display may be set, including:
the display sequence can be the sequence from near to far according to the uploading time, and in a plurality of test cases in the same category, the test cases with the more recent uploading time are displayed in front according to the ordering of the uploading time, so that the user can be ensured to preferentially select the test cases which are updated recently;
the display sequence may also be that, after the fuzzy search mode is selected according to the sequence from the large to the small of the similarity, the test case with the input case name being weakly matched may be displayed, and the test case with the input case name being strongly matched is displayed in front of the test case with the input case name being weakly matched, so that the user can be ensured to preferentially select the test case with the input case name being strongly matched.
In one possible example, after the test cases on the test case management platform are used for testing, the platform also supports feedback test results, namely, a user can input the test results tested according to the test cases to the test case management platform, so that the platform can compare the test results input by the user with expected results in the test cases stored in the platform, the test cases are evaluated, the validity of the test cases is evaluated, the test cases can be comprehensively evaluated through the test results fed back by a plurality of users, the test cases in the same category are ranked according to the comprehensive evaluation results, and when the subsequent user selects the test cases in the category, the test cases are ranked from good to bad according to the comprehensive evaluation results, so that the user can be ensured to preferentially select the better test cases.
It can be seen that, through the method and related device for generating test cases provided by the embodiment, the interactive operation between the user and the server is recorded to generate an interactive operation set, the scripting language is determined, each interactive operation is compiled into an operation function according to the scripting language for each interactive operation in the interactive operation set, so as to obtain an operation function set, a call statement corresponding to the scripting language is inserted into the operation function set to generate a test script, the test script is analyzed to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, a test data set is obtained according to parameters in the operation function set, a case name and an expected result are obtained, an interface of a test case management platform is called, and the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result are imported into the test case management platform to generate the test cases. Therefore, in the test process, only the interactive operation between the user and the server is required to be recorded, the test script is generated according to the interactive operation, then the test script is analyzed, the analyzed data is imported into the test case management platform, the test case can be automatically generated, the test case does not need to be manually written, the format standardization of the test case is facilitated by the platform for generating the test case, the test case does not need to be written for a large amount of time, and the efficiency of test case output is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart of another method for generating test cases according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, a method for generating a test case provided in an embodiment of the present application may include:
301. the terminal calls a script generating component, wherein the script generating component comprises a recording interface and receives a selection instruction of a user for starting a recording button displayed on the recording interface.
The terminal comprises a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, a palm computer, mobile internet equipment or other types of terminals.
302. And the terminal opens the browser through the script generating component and accesses the server.
The server is a system to be tested, a user interacts with the server through a terminal, and the script generation component comprises a VuGen component.
303. The terminal captures the interaction operation between the user and the server through the script generating component.
Specifically, the browser is opened through the script generating component, and the browser takes the script generating component as a proxy to access the server, so that the script generating component can capture the interaction operation between the user and the server.
304. Determining a scripting language, and compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the scripting language by the terminal aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set to obtain an operation function set.
Among them, the scripting languages include C language, javaScript language, VBScript language, etc., and in most cases C language is used, javaScript language is used for some Java applications such as Java applets, etc., and VBScript language is used for applications developed in visual basic.
In one possible example, for each interactive operation in the set of interactive operations, each interactive operation is compiled into an operation function according to a scripting language, the respective operation functions form an operation function set, the operation function is used for simulating the operation or movement of a mouse and a keyboard, and at the same time, communication data in each interactive operation is acquired, and the communication data in each interactive operation is used for replacing parameters in the operation function.
For example, the operation function web_custom_request, describes the interactive operation as: any method that allows the creation of custom HTTP requests using HTTP support; the operation function web_image describes the interactive operation as: simulating a mouse click on the defined image; the operation function web_link describes the interactive operation as follows: simulating a mouse click on the defined text link; the operation function web_subset_data describes interactive operations as follows: executing a form that is "unconditional" or "context free"; the operation function web_subset_form describes the interactive operation as follows: submitting the simulation form; the operation function web_url describes the interactive operation as follows: the URL specified by the "URL" attribute is loaded.
305. And the terminal inserts call sentences corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script.
306. The terminal analyzes the test script to obtain an operation function set.
307. The terminal acquires a corresponding relation between a prestored operation function and an operation step.
308. Aiming at each operation function in the operation function set, the terminal obtains the operation step corresponding to each operation function according to the corresponding relation to obtain an operation step set.
The operation step set includes operation steps required for executing the current test case, detailed description of each step needs to be explicitly given, and a tester can complete the execution of the test case according to the operation steps, for example, for a test script with a transaction name of checking whether a basic flow of "qualification audit application" is normal, the operation step set may be:
(1) Entering a main application page, and clicking a qualification audit application button;
(2) Inputting a valid item number, clicking a search button;
(3) After a new page is popped up, relevant information is input, and a 'submit' button at the bottom is clicked;
(4) The other necessary filling items are correctly input completely, and the 'save' button of the main page is clicked;
(5) Checking prompt information of a pop-up dialog box;
(6) The storage status of the application in the database table is checked.
309. The terminal obtains parameters in each operation function to obtain a test data set.
The parameters in each operation function are communication data of a user and a server, the parameters in each operation function are obtained, and the parameters in each operation function form a test data set.
310. The terminal obtains the case name and the expected result.
In one possible example, before recording the interaction between the user and the server, the user needs to input a transaction name and an expected result, where the transaction name generally describes the interaction, and the expected result is an expected output result of the current interaction, including content of a return value, a response result of an interface, rule compliance of the output result, and an operation state in a storage table such as a database, and the transaction name may be, for example, checking whether a basic flow of a "qualification audit application" is normal.
The test case is described by the language of the case name and the summary, the terminal obtains the transaction name and the expected result input by the user before recording, and the case name of the test case is determined to be the transaction name input by the user.
For example, for a test script whose transaction name is checking whether the "qualification audit application" basic flow is normal, the set of operational steps includes: (1) Entering a main application page, and clicking a qualification audit application button; (2) Inputting a valid item number, clicking a search button; (3) After a new page is popped up, relevant information is input, and a 'submit' button at the bottom is clicked; (4) The other necessary filling items are correctly input completely, and the 'save' button of the main page is clicked; (5) viewing popup dialog prompt information; (6) checking the storage state of the application in the database table. The corresponding use case name is used for checking whether the basic flow of the qualification audit application is normal, and the expected result can be:
(1) Entering an entry page of a qualification audit application;
(2) Entering a 'search result' page, wherein the search result corresponds to the number;
(3) Prompting success of submission;
(4) Prompting that the preservation is successful, and generating a new record in the draft;
(5) An application record is newly added in the table, and the status code is 1.
311. The terminal calls an interface of the test case management platform, and the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result are imported into the test case management platform to generate the test case.
The Test case management platform comprises TestManager, wiki, bugzilla +test Runner, testDirector, testLink, QC and other platforms.
And calling an interface of the test case management platform, importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform, generating the test case by the platform, and uploading the test case, wherein the test case comprises the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result.
In one possible example, the test cases also include any one or a combination of the following:
the case number is formed by combining characters and numbers, and has uniqueness and easy recognition;
The module represents a testing large class or a tested requirement, a tested module, a tested unit and the like of the current test case;
the importance level, namely the use case priority, is generally divided into high, medium and low, special items can be customized to the priority level, and testers can schedule execution time according to the importance level;
the precondition represents a precondition required when executing the current test case, and if the precondition is not satisfied, the following test step cannot be executed, and the precondition is not required for each test case, depending on the situation.
In one possible example, after generating the test case, further includes:
uploading the test cases to a test case management platform;
classifying all test cases stored in a test case management platform according to the names of the test cases to obtain M test case sets, wherein the M test case sets respectively correspond to M types, and M is a positive integer;
when a query instruction carrying a first case name is received, searching whether a first test case set matched with the first case name exists from M test case sets;
and if the first test case set exists, displaying all the test cases in the first test case set.
Specifically, the test case management platform stores a plurality of test cases, classifies the test cases according to the case names to obtain M test case sets, wherein the M test case sets correspond to M types, namely, each test case set in the M test case sets corresponds to one type of case name, when a query instruction carrying a first case name is received, whether a first test case set matched with the first case name exists in the M test case sets is searched, if the first test case set exists, all test cases in the first test case set are displayed, for example, the searched test case is of a login type, and the search case name comprises the login test case set and is displayed.
In one possible example, the method further includes:
if the first test case set does not exist, at least one case name matched with the first case name is obtained;
acquiring at least one test case set matched with at least one case name from M test case sets;
displaying all test cases in at least one test case set.
Specifically, a fuzzy search strategy can be adopted when the test cases are inquired, namely, the case names are not subjected to strong matching, but the case names matched with the case names are searched, and then the matched test case sets are searched and displayed, so that more inquiry results are obtained. For example, if the queried test case is of the "login" type, the test case set whose case name includes "login" is searched, if the test case set whose case name includes "login" is not searched, the case name "login" matching with "login" is determined, and then the test case set whose case name includes "login" is searched and displayed.
In one possible example, the method of displaying all test cases in the at least one test case set may be:
acquiring uploading time of all test cases in at least one test case set, and displaying all test cases in the at least one test case set according to the sequence of the uploading time from first to last;
or obtaining the case names of all the test cases in the at least one test case set, calculating the similarity between the case names of all the test cases in the at least one test case set and the first case name, and displaying all the test cases in the at least one test case set according to the sequence from the high similarity to the low similarity.
Specifically, when a plurality of test cases are displayed, the order of display may be set, including:
the display sequence can be the sequence from near to far according to the uploading time, and in a plurality of test cases in the same category, the test cases with the more recent uploading time are displayed in front according to the ordering of the uploading time, so that the user can be ensured to preferentially select the test cases which are updated recently;
the display sequence may also be that, after the fuzzy search mode is selected according to the sequence from the large to the small of the similarity, the test case with the input case name being weakly matched may be displayed, and the test case with the input case name being strongly matched is displayed in front of the test case with the input case name being weakly matched, so that the user can be ensured to preferentially select the test case with the input case name being strongly matched.
In one possible example, after the test cases on the test case management platform are used for testing, the platform also supports feedback test results, namely, a user can input the test results tested according to the test cases to the test case management platform, so that the platform can compare the test results input by the user with expected results in the test cases stored in the platform, the test cases are evaluated, the validity of the test cases is evaluated, the test cases can be comprehensively evaluated through the test results fed back by a plurality of users, the test cases in the same category are ranked according to the comprehensive evaluation results, and when the subsequent user selects the test cases in the category, the test cases are ranked from good to bad according to the comprehensive evaluation results, so that the user can be ensured to preferentially select the better test cases.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for generating test cases according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, an apparatus for generating a test case provided in an embodiment of the present application may include:
a recording unit 401, configured to record an interaction between a user and a server, so as to generate an interaction set;
A compiling unit 402, configured to determine a scripting language, and compile, for each interaction in the interaction set, each interaction into an operation function according to the scripting language, so as to obtain an operation function set;
a script generating unit 403, configured to insert call statements corresponding to the scripting language into the operation function set, so as to generate a test script;
the parsing unit 404 is configured to parse the test script, obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtain a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
an obtaining unit 405, configured to obtain a use case name and an expected result;
the case generating unit 406 is configured to invoke an interface of a test case management platform, and import the case name, the operation step set, the test data set, and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case.
The specific implementation of the device for generating the test case can refer to each embodiment of the method for generating the test case, and will not be described herein.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device of a hardware running environment according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, an electronic device of a hardware running environment according to an embodiment of the present application may include:
A processor 501, such as a CPU.
The memory 502 may alternatively be a high-speed RAM memory or a stable memory, such as a disk memory.
A communication interface 503 for enabling a connected communication between the processor 501 and the memory 502.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the configuration of the electronic device shown in fig. 5 is not limiting of the electronic device and may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or a different arrangement of components.
As shown in FIG. 5, memory 502 may include an operating system, a network communication module, and a program that generates test cases. The operating system is a program that manages and controls the hardware and software resources of the electronic device, supporting the generation of test cases and the running of other software or programs. The network communication module is used to enable communication between components within the memory 502 and with other hardware and software in the electronic device.
In the electronic device shown in fig. 5, the processor 501 is configured to execute a program for generating test cases stored in the memory 502, and implement the following steps:
recording interactive operation between a user and a server to generate an interactive operation set;
Determining a scripting language, compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the scripting language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set;
inserting call sentences corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script;
analyzing the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
obtaining an example name and an expected result;
and calling an interface of a test case management platform, and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case.
The specific implementation of the electronic device may refer to each embodiment of the method for generating a test case, which is not described herein.
Another embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program for execution by a processor to:
recording interactive operation between a user and a server to generate an interactive operation set;
Determining a scripting language, compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the scripting language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set;
inserting call sentences corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script;
analyzing the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
obtaining an example name and an expected result;
and calling an interface of a test case management platform, and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case.
The specific implementation of the computer readable storage medium of the present application may refer to each embodiment of the method for generating a test case, which is not described herein.
It should also be noted that, for simplicity of description, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of acts, but it should be understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the order of acts described, as some steps may be performed in other orders or concurrently in accordance with the present application. Further, those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required in the present application. In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. A method of generating test cases, comprising:
recording interactive operation between a user and a server to generate an interactive operation set;
determining a scripting language, compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the scripting language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set;
inserting call sentences corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script;
analyzing the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
obtaining an example name and an expected result;
Calling an interface of a test case management platform, and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
uploading the test case to the test case management platform;
classifying all test cases stored in the test case management platform according to the case names to obtain M test case sets, wherein the M test case sets respectively correspond to M types, and M is a positive integer;
when a query instruction carrying a first case name is received, searching whether a first test case set matched with the first case name exists in the M test case sets or not;
if the first test case set exists, displaying all test cases in the first test case set;
if the first test case set does not exist, acquiring at least one case name matched with the first case name;
acquiring at least one test case set matched with the at least one case name from the M test case sets;
displaying all test cases in the at least one test case set, including:
Acquiring uploading time of all test cases in the at least one test case set, and displaying all test cases in the at least one test case set according to the sequence of the uploading time from first to last;
or obtaining the case names of all the test cases in the at least one test case set, calculating the similarity between the case names of all the test cases in the at least one test case set and the first case name, and displaying all the test cases in the at least one test case set according to the sequence from the high similarity to the low similarity.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the recording user interaction with the server comprises:
invoking a script generation component, wherein the script generation component comprises a recording interface;
receiving a selection instruction of a user for a start recording button displayed on the recording interface;
opening a browser through the script generation component to access the server;
and capturing interaction operation between the user and the server through the script generation component.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the determining a scripting language comprises:
receiving a selection instruction of the user for a language selection button displayed on the recording interface, wherein one language selection button corresponds to one scripting language; determining the script language selected by the user according to the selection instruction;
Or receiving a confirmation instruction of the user to a language input box displayed on the recording interface;
and determining the scripting language in the language input box as the scripting language selected by the user.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said parsing said test script to obtain a set of operation steps corresponding to said set of operation functions, obtaining a set of test data from parameters in said set of operation functions, comprises:
analyzing the test script to obtain the operation function set;
acquiring a pre-stored corresponding relation between an operation function and an operation step;
aiming at each operation function in the operation function set, obtaining an operation step corresponding to each operation function according to the corresponding relation to obtain the operation step set;
and acquiring parameters in each operation function to obtain the test data set.
5. An apparatus for generating test cases, the apparatus comprising:
the recording unit is used for recording the interactive operation between the user and the server so as to generate an interactive operation set;
the compiling unit is used for determining a scripting language, and compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the scripting language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set;
The script generation unit is used for intensively inserting a call statement corresponding to the script language into the operation function so as to generate a test script;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the test script, obtaining an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the case name and the expected result;
the case generation unit is used for calling an interface of the test case management platform, importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case, and is specifically used for:
uploading the test case to the test case management platform;
classifying all test cases stored in the test case management platform according to the case names to obtain M test case sets, wherein the M test case sets respectively correspond to M types, and M is a positive integer;
when a query instruction carrying a first case name is received, searching whether a first test case set matched with the first case name exists in the M test case sets or not;
if the first test case set exists, displaying all test cases in the first test case set;
If the first test case set does not exist, acquiring at least one case name matched with the first case name;
acquiring at least one test case set matched with the at least one case name from the M test case sets;
displaying all test cases in the at least one test case set, including:
acquiring uploading time of all test cases in the at least one test case set, and displaying all test cases in the at least one test case set according to the sequence of the uploading time from first to last;
or obtaining the case names of all the test cases in the at least one test case set, calculating the similarity between the case names of all the test cases in the at least one test case set and the first case name, and displaying all the test cases in the at least one test case set according to the sequence from the high similarity to the low similarity.
6. An electronic device comprising a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured for execution by the processor, the programs comprising instructions for performing the steps of the method of any of claims 1-4.
7. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN113760713B (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2024-10-18 | 北京沃东天骏信息技术有限公司 | Test method, system, computer system and medium |
| CN112749048B (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2024-10-11 | 北京开拓鸿业高科技有限公司 | Method, device, medium and equipment for teaching server pressure test |
| CN114791875B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2024-07-02 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Usability testing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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