CN110825618A - Method and related device for generating test case - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a method and a related device for generating a test case. A method for generating test cases comprises the following steps: recording the interactive operation between a user and a server to generate an interactive operation set; determining a script language, compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the script language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set; inserting a calling statement corresponding to the scripting language into the operation function set to generate a test script; analyzing the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set; acquiring a use case name and an expected result; and calling an interface of the test case management platform, and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate the test case. The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application is beneficial to realizing the format standardization of the test case and improving the efficiency of the test case output.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of computer technologies, and in particular, to a method and a related apparatus for generating a test case.
Background
The software test is a process of operating a program under a specified condition to find program errors, measure the quality of the software and evaluate whether the program errors can meet design requirements, and a test case is an output document of test work, is very important in the test process and can convert the behavior of the software test into a manageable mode.
At present, test cases are often written by hands, because many people write the test cases, writing modes of everyone are different, formats of the formed test cases are different, and much time is needed for writing the test cases by hands, so that the test case output efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a related device for generating a test case, which are beneficial to realizing the format standardization of the test case and improving the efficiency of test case output.
A first aspect of the present application provides a method for generating a test case, including:
recording the interactive operation between a user and a server to generate an interactive operation set;
determining a script language, compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the script language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set;
inserting a calling statement corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script;
analyzing the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
acquiring a use case name and an expected result;
and calling an interface of a test case management platform, and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case.
A second aspect of the present application provides an apparatus for generating a test case, the apparatus comprising:
the recording unit is used for recording the interactive operation between the user and the server so as to generate an interactive operation set;
the compiling unit is used for determining a script language, compiling each interactive operation in the interactive operation set into an operation function according to the script language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set;
the script generation unit is used for inserting a calling statement corresponding to the script language into the operation function set so as to generate a test script;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the test script, obtaining an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
the obtaining unit is used for obtaining the name of the use case and an expected result;
and the case generating unit is used for calling an interface of a test case management platform and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case.
A third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device comprising a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the programs comprising instructions for performing the steps of the method of any of the first aspects of the present application.
A fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon for execution by a processor to perform some or all of the steps described in any of the methods of the first aspect of the present application.
The method for generating the test case and the related device thereof can be seen that the interactive operation between the user and the server is recorded to generate the interactive operation set, the scripting language is determined, each interactive operation in the interactive operation set is compiled into the operation function according to the scripting language to obtain the operation function set, the call statement corresponding to the scripting language is inserted into the operation function set to generate the test script, the test script is analyzed to obtain the operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, the test data set is obtained according to the parameters in the operation function set, the case name and the expected result are obtained, the interface of the test case management platform is called, and the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result are led into the test case management platform to generate the test case. Therefore, in the test process, only the interactive operation between the user and the server needs to be recorded, the test script is generated according to the interactive operation, then the test script is analyzed, the analyzed data is led into the test case management platform, the test case can be automatically generated, the test case does not need to be written manually, the test case generated through the platform is beneficial to realizing the format standardization of the test case, in addition, the test case does not need to be written manually in a large amount of time, and the test case output efficiency is improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for generating test cases according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for generating a test case according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another method for generating test cases according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for generating a test case according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The method and the related device for generating the test case are beneficial to realizing the format standardization of the test case and improving the efficiency of test case output.
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The following describes embodiments of the present application in detail.
Referring first to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system 100 for generating test cases according to an embodiment of the present application. The system 100 for generating the test case comprises a terminal 101, a server 102 and a test case management platform 103, wherein the terminal 101 establishes communication connection with the server 102, and the terminal 101 establishes communication connection with the test case management platform 103;
the terminal 101 is used for recording interactive operation between a user and the server to generate an interactive operation set; determining a script language, compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the script language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set; inserting a calling statement corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script; analyzing the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set; acquiring a use case name and an expected result; calling an interface of a test case management platform, and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case;
a server 102 for interacting with the terminal 101;
and the test case management platform 103 is used for importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result to generate a test case.
In the above embodiment, the terminal 101 includes a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a palm computer, a mobile internet device or other types of terminals, the server 102 is a system to be tested, and a user interacts with the server 102 through the terminal 101.
It can be seen that, according to the above embodiment, the terminal 101 records the interactive operation between the user and the server 102, generates the test script, analyzes the test script to obtain the operation step set and the test data set, obtains the case name and the expected result, calls the interface of the test case management platform 103, imports the case name, the operation step set, the test data set, and the expected result into the test case management platform 103, and generates the test case. Therefore, in the test process, only the interactive operation between the user and the server needs to be recorded, the test script is generated according to the interactive operation, then the test script is analyzed, the analyzed data is led into the test case management platform, the test case can be automatically generated, the test case does not need to be written manually, the test case generated through the platform is beneficial to realizing the format standardization of the test case, in addition, the test case does not need to be written manually in a large amount of time, and the test case output efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for generating a test case according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, a method for generating a test case provided in this embodiment may include:
201. the terminal records the interactive operation between the user and the server to generate an interactive operation set.
The terminal comprises a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a palm computer, mobile internet equipment or other types of terminals, the server is a system to be tested, a user interacts with the server through the terminal, and the terminal records the interactive operation between the user and the server to generate an interactive operation set.
In one possible example, the terminal records the user's interaction with the server using a VuGen component, where the VuGen component is one of the core components of LoadRunner, which is a load testing tool for predicting system behavior and performance, and the LoadRunner can test the entire enterprise architecture by identifying and finding problems by simulating tens of millions of users to implement concurrent load and real-time performance monitoring. The enterprise using the LoadRunner can shorten the test time to the maximum extent, optimize the performance and accelerate the release period of the application system. The LoadRunner can be suitable for automatic load test of various system architectures, and can predict system behavior and evaluate system performance.
Before a terminal records interactive operation between a user and a server, the terminal needs to operate a VuGen assembly;
after the VuGen component is operated, selecting a protocol type, and in a possible example, a user communicates with a server through an ICA protocol, wherein the ICA (independent Computing architecture) protocol saves occupation of bandwidth resources relative to other protocols such as RDP/RDS, PCoIP, RGS and the like, supports various types of terminal equipment, occupies network bandwidth of 10-20kbps on average, and has a platform independent characteristic;
the method comprises the steps of inputting a transaction name and an expected result, wherein the transaction name and the expected result are input by a user in advance, the transaction name is a summary description of an interactive operation, the expected result is an expected output result of the current interactive operation, and the expected output result comprises the content of a return value, a response result of an interface, the rule conformity of the output result, an operation state in a storage table such as a database and the like, and the like.
In one possible example, the process of recording user interactions with the server using the VuGen component includes:
the VuGen component opens a browser that accesses the server using the VuGen component as a proxy, so that the VuGen component can capture the interactions between the user and the server.
In one possible example, the set of interactions is stored in a log after the recording is completed.
202. And the terminal determines a script language, and compiles each interactive operation into an operation function according to the script language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set.
The scripting language includes C language, JavaScript language, VBScript language, and the like, and the C language is mostly used, and for some Java applications, such as Java applets, the JavaScript language is used, and for applications developed in visual basic, the VBScript language is used.
In one possible example, the terminal acquires an interactive operation set from a log, compiles each interactive operation into an operation function according to a script language for each interactive operation in the interactive operation set, the operation functions form an operation function set, the operation functions are used for simulating operation or movement of a mouse and a keyboard, and meanwhile, acquires communication data in each interactive operation and replaces parameters in the operation functions with the communication data in each interactive operation.
After compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the scripting language, the operation functions corresponding to the interactive operations can be sequenced according to the execution sequence of the operations and combined into an operation function set.
For example, the operation function web _ custom _ request, describes the interactive operation as: allowing custom HTTP requests to be created using any method supported by HTTP; an operation function web _ image, describing an interactive operation: simulating mouse clicks on the defined image; the operation function web _ link, describes the interactive operation as: simulating a mouse click on a defined text link; the operation function web _ submit _ data describes interactive operation as follows: executing a "unconditional" or "context-free" form; the operation function web _ submit _ form describes the interactive operation as: simulating the submission of the form; the operation function web _ url, describes the interactive operation as: the URL specified by the "URL" attribute is loaded.
203. And the terminal inserts the calling statement corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script.
The operation function set can be called and executed through calling statements, the script languages are different, and the description modes of the corresponding calling statements are also different, so that the calling statement corresponding to the script language selected by the user needs to be determined and inserted into the operation function set to generate the test script.
For example, when the scripting language is C language, the calling statement may be a main function, the main function is inserted into the operation function set, and the operation function in the operation function set may be called and executed through the main function.
For example, when a user accesses a certain Html file, the browser first takes the Html file and then parses it. If the Html file contains information such as pictures and videos, the browser accesses the background Web server again to acquire the images and the video files in sequence, and then assembles the Html file with the images and the video files to be displayed on a screen.
The description will be given by taking the top page of the Apache server as an example. The page is composed of two parts: html, text file index, and picture file apache pb. So in one access process, there are actually two request actions: firstly, the browser sends a request to an Apache server, and html is returned by the Apache server; HTML, the browser starts to analyze the index, finds that a picture link apache _ pb.gif exists in the HTML, and then sends a request GET/apache _ pb.gif again to request to obtain a picture file apache _ pb.gif.
The terminal generates an operation function for describing a home page for accessing the Apache server, because two request actions exist, the operation function is correspondingly generated in the two request processes of the server, the obtained operation function set comprises two operation functions, the function names of the two operation functions are web _ url, a calling statement is inserted into the operation function set, and the calling statement can be a main function to form a test script.
204. And the terminal analyzes the test script, obtains an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtains a test data set according to the parameters in the operation function set.
In one possible example, the terminal parses the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and the method for obtaining the test data set according to the parameters in the operation function set may be:
analyzing the test script to obtain an operation function set;
acquiring a corresponding relation between a prestored operation function and an operation step;
aiming at each operation function in the operation function set, obtaining an operation step corresponding to each operation function according to the corresponding relation so as to obtain an operation step set;
parameters in each operating function are obtained to obtain a test data set.
Specifically, the test script is composed of an operation function set, the operation function set can be obtained by analyzing the test script, the terminal stores the corresponding relation between the operation function and the operation step in advance, the operation step corresponding to each operation function can be obtained according to the corresponding relation for each operation function in the operation function set, each operation step forms the operation step set, the parameter in each operation function is communication data of a user and the server, the parameter in each operation function is obtained, and the parameter in each operation function forms the test data set.
The test data set comprises external data which needs to be input in the execution process of the test case.
The operation step set includes operation steps required for executing the current test case, detailed description of each step needs to be explicitly given, and a tester can complete case execution according to the operation steps, for example, for a test script whose transaction name is to check whether a basic flow of a "qualification audit application" is normal, the operation step set may be:
(1) entering an application main page, and clicking a 'qualification audit application' button;
(2) inputting a valid item number, and clicking a 'search' button;
(3) after a new page is popped up, inputting related information, and clicking a 'submit' button at the bottom;
(4) correctly and completely inputting other necessary items, and clicking a 'save' button of a main page;
(5) checking prompt information of a pop-up dialog box;
(6) the storage status of the application in the database table is checked.
205. The terminal obtains the name of the use case and an expected result.
In a possible example, before recording the interaction between the user and the server, the user needs to input a transaction name and an expected result, where the transaction name is a summary description of the interaction, and the expected result is an expected output result of the current interaction, including the content of the returned value, the response result of the interface, the rule conformity of the output result, and the operation state in a storage table such as a database, etc., and for example, the transaction name may be to check whether the basic flow of the "qualification audit application" is normal.
The case name is used for describing the test case by using a generalized language, the terminal obtains the transaction name and the expected result input by the user before recording, and the case name of the test case is determined to be the transaction name input by the user.
For example, for a test script with a transaction name of checking whether the basic flow of the "qualification audit application" is normal, the set of operation steps includes: (1) entering an application main page, and clicking a 'qualification audit application' button; (2) inputting a valid item number, and clicking a 'search' button; (3) after a new page is popped up, inputting related information, and clicking a 'submit' button at the bottom; (4) correctly and completely inputting other necessary items, and clicking a 'save' button of a main page; (5) checking prompt information of a pop-up dialog box; (6) the storage status of the application in the database table is checked. The corresponding use case name is to check whether the basic flow of the qualification audit application is normal, and the expected result can be as follows:
(1) entering a qualification audit application entry page;
(2) entering a search result page, wherein the search result corresponds to the number;
(3) prompting that the submission is successful;
(4) prompting that the storage is successful and generating a new record in the draft;
(5) an application record is newly added in the table, and the state code is 1.
206. And the terminal calls an interface of a test case management platform and imports the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case.
The Test case management platform comprises a TestManager platform, a Wiki platform, a Bugzilla platform and a Test Runner platform, a TestDirector platform, a TestLink platform, a QC platform and the like.
Calling an interface of the test case management platform, importing a case name, an operation step set, a test data set and an expected result into the test case management platform, generating a test case by the platform, and uploading the test case, wherein the test case comprises the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result.
In one possible example, the test case further includes any one or a combination of the following:
the case number is formed by combining characters and numbers, and has uniqueness and easy identification;
the module belongs to represents the test class or the tested requirement of the current test case, the module to be tested, the unit to be tested and the like;
the importance level, namely the priority of the case, is generally divided into high, medium and low, the priority level can be defined by a special project, and a tester can arrange the execution time according to the importance level;
the precondition is used for indicating the precondition required when the current test case is executed, if the precondition is not satisfied, the following test step can not be executed, and the precondition is not required by each test case according to the situation.
In one possible example, after generating the test case, the method further includes:
uploading the test case to a test case management platform;
classifying all test cases stored in the test case management platform according to case names to obtain M test case sets, wherein the M test case sets respectively correspond to M types, and M is a positive integer;
when a query instruction carrying a first case name is received, searching whether a first test case set matched with the first case name exists in the M test case sets;
and if the first test case set exists, displaying all test cases in the first test case set.
Specifically, the test case management platform stores a plurality of test cases, classifies the test cases according to case names to obtain M test case sets, the M test case sets correspond to M types, that is, each test case set in the M test case sets corresponds to a type of case name, when a query instruction carrying the first case name is received, searches whether a first test case set matching the first case name exists in the M test case sets, and if the first test case set exists, displays all test cases in the first test case set.
In one possible example, the method further comprises:
if the first test case set does not exist, acquiring at least one case name matched with the first case name;
acquiring at least one test case set matched with at least one case name from the M test case sets;
and displaying all the test cases in at least one test case set.
Specifically, a fuzzy search strategy can be adopted when the test cases are inquired, namely, the case names matched with the case names are searched instead of being strongly matched with each other, and then the matched test case sets are searched and displayed, so that more inquiry results are obtained. For example, if the test case of the query is of the type "login", the test case set with the case name including "login" is searched, if the test case set with the case name including "login" is not searched, the case name "login" matching with "login" is determined, and then the test case set with the case name including "login" is searched and displayed.
In one possible example, the method for displaying all test cases in at least one test case set may be:
acquiring the uploading time of all the test cases in at least one test case set, and displaying all the test cases in at least one test case set according to the uploading time from first to last;
or acquiring the case names of all the test cases in at least one test case set, calculating the similarity between the case names of all the test cases in at least one test case set and the first case name, and displaying all the test cases in at least one test case set according to the sequence of the similarity from large to small.
Specifically, when a plurality of test cases are displayed, the display sequence may be set, including:
the display sequence can be that the test cases in the same category are sorted according to the uploading time from near to far according to the uploading time, and the test case with the closer uploading time is displayed in front, so that the user can be ensured to preferentially select the test case which is updated recently;
the displayed sequence can also be the sequence from big to small according to the similarity, after the fuzzy search mode is selected, the test case which is weakly matched with the input case name can be displayed, and the test case which is strongly matched with the input case name is displayed in front of the test case which is weakly matched with the input case name, so that the user can be ensured to preferentially select the test case which is strongly matched with the input case name.
In one possible example, after testing using test cases on the test case management platform, the platform also supports feedback of test results, that is, the user can input the test result of the test according to the test case management platform, the platform can compare the test result input by the user with the expected result in the test case stored by the platform, thereby evaluating the test case, evaluating the effectiveness of the test case, comprehensively evaluating the test case through the test results fed back by a plurality of users, sequencing a plurality of test cases of the same category according to the comprehensive evaluation results, when the subsequent user selects the test case of the category, the plurality of test cases are sorted from good to bad according to the comprehensive evaluation result, so that the user can be ensured to preferentially select a better test case.
It can be seen that, according to the method and the related apparatus for generating a test case provided in this embodiment, an interactive operation between a user and a server is recorded to generate an interactive operation set, a scripting language is determined, each interactive operation in the interactive operation set is compiled into an operation function according to the scripting language to obtain an operation function set, a call statement corresponding to the scripting language is inserted into the operation function set to generate a test script, the test script is analyzed to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, a test data set is obtained according to parameters in the operation function set, a case name and an expected result are obtained, an interface of a test case management platform is called, and the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result are imported into the test case management platform to generate the test case. Therefore, in the test process, only the interactive operation between the user and the server needs to be recorded, the test script is generated according to the interactive operation, then the test script is analyzed, the analyzed data is led into the test case management platform, the test case can be automatically generated, the test case does not need to be written manually, the test case generated through the platform is beneficial to realizing the format standardization of the test case, in addition, the test case does not need to be written manually in a large amount of time, and the test case output efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart of another method for generating a test case according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, a method for generating a test case provided in an embodiment of the present application may include:
301. and the terminal calls a script generating component, wherein the script generating component comprises a recording interface and receives a selection instruction of a user for a recording starting button displayed on the recording interface.
The terminal comprises a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a palm computer, mobile internet equipment or other types of terminals.
302. And the terminal opens the browser through the script generation component and accesses the server.
The server is a system to be tested, the user interacts with the server through the terminal, and the script generation assembly comprises a VuGen assembly.
303. And the terminal captures the interactive operation between the user and the server through the script generation component.
Specifically, the browser is opened through the script generation component, and the browser accesses the server by taking the script generation component as a proxy, so that the script generation component can capture the interaction operation between the user and the server.
304. And determining a script language, and compiling each interactive operation into an operation function by the terminal according to the script language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set.
The scripting language includes C language, JavaScript language, VBScript language, and the like, and the C language is mostly used, and for some Java applications, such as Java applets, the JavaScript language is used, and for applications developed in visual basic, the VBScript language is used.
In one possible example, for each interactive operation in the interactive operation set, compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the script language, wherein each operation function forms an operation function set, the operation function is used for simulating the operation or movement of a mouse and a keyboard, meanwhile, communication data in each interactive operation is obtained, and the communication data in each interactive operation replaces parameters in the operation function.
For example, the operation function web _ custom _ request, describes the interactive operation as: allowing custom HTTP requests to be created using any method supported by HTTP; an operation function web _ image, describing an interactive operation: simulating mouse clicks on the defined image; the operation function web _ link, describes the interactive operation as: simulating a mouse click on a defined text link; the operation function web _ submit _ data describes interactive operation as follows: executing a "unconditional" or "context-free" form; the operation function web _ submit _ form describes the interactive operation as: simulating the submission of the form; the operation function web _ url, describes the interactive operation as: the URL specified by the "URL" attribute is loaded.
305. And the terminal inserts a calling statement corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script.
306. And the terminal analyzes the test script to obtain an operation function set.
307. And the terminal acquires the corresponding relation between the operation function and the operation step which are stored in advance.
308. And aiming at each operation function in the operation function set, the terminal obtains the operation step corresponding to each operation function according to the corresponding relation so as to obtain the operation step set.
The operation step set includes operation steps required for executing the current test case, detailed description of each step needs to be explicitly given, and a tester can complete case execution according to the operation steps, for example, for a test script whose transaction name is to check whether a basic flow of a "qualification audit application" is normal, the operation step set may be:
(1) entering an application main page, and clicking a 'qualification audit application' button;
(2) inputting a valid item number, and clicking a 'search' button;
(3) after a new page is popped up, inputting related information, and clicking a 'submit' button at the bottom;
(4) correctly and completely inputting other necessary items, and clicking a 'save' button of a main page;
(5) checking prompt information of a pop-up dialog box;
(6) the storage status of the application in the database table is checked.
309. And the terminal acquires the parameters in each operation function to obtain a test data set.
The parameters in each operation function are communication data of the user and the server, the parameters in each operation function are obtained, and the parameters in each operation function form a test data set.
310. The terminal obtains the name of the use case and an expected result.
In a possible example, before recording the interaction between the user and the server, the user needs to input a transaction name and an expected result, where the transaction name is a summary description of the interaction, and the expected result is an expected output result of the current interaction, including the content of the returned value, the response result of the interface, the rule conformity of the output result, and the operation state in a storage table such as a database, etc., and for example, the transaction name may be to check whether the basic flow of the "qualification audit application" is normal.
The case name is used for describing the test case by using a generalized language, the terminal obtains the transaction name and the expected result input by the user before recording, and the case name of the test case is determined to be the transaction name input by the user.
For example, for a test script with a transaction name of checking whether the basic flow of the "qualification audit application" is normal, the set of operation steps includes: (1) entering an application main page, and clicking a 'qualification audit application' button; (2) inputting a valid item number, and clicking a 'search' button; (3) after a new page is popped up, inputting related information, and clicking a 'submit' button at the bottom; (4) correctly and completely inputting other necessary items, and clicking a 'save' button of a main page; (5) checking prompt information of a pop-up dialog box; (6) the storage status of the application in the database table is checked. The corresponding use case name is to check whether the basic flow of the qualification audit application is normal, and the expected result can be as follows:
(1) entering a qualification audit application entry page;
(2) entering a search result page, wherein the search result corresponds to the number;
(3) prompting that the submission is successful;
(4) prompting that the storage is successful and generating a new record in the draft;
(5) an application record is newly added in the table, and the state code is 1.
311. And the terminal calls an interface of the test case management platform and introduces the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate the test case.
The Test case management platform comprises a TestManager platform, a Wiki platform, a Bugzilla platform and a Test Runner platform, a TestDirector platform, a TestLink platform, a QC platform and the like.
Calling an interface of the test case management platform, importing a case name, an operation step set, a test data set and an expected result into the test case management platform, generating a test case by the platform, and uploading the test case, wherein the test case comprises the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result.
In one possible example, the test case further includes any one or a combination of the following:
the case number is formed by combining characters and numbers, and has uniqueness and easy identification;
the module belongs to represents the test class or the tested requirement of the current test case, the module to be tested, the unit to be tested and the like;
the importance level, namely the priority of the case, is generally divided into high, medium and low, the priority level can be defined by a special project, and a tester can arrange the execution time according to the importance level;
the precondition is used for indicating the precondition required when the current test case is executed, if the precondition is not satisfied, the following test step can not be executed, and the precondition is not required by each test case according to the situation.
In one possible example, after generating the test case, the method further includes:
uploading the test case to a test case management platform;
classifying all test cases stored in the test case management platform according to case names to obtain M test case sets, wherein the M test case sets respectively correspond to M types, and M is a positive integer;
when a query instruction carrying a first case name is received, searching whether a first test case set matched with the first case name exists in the M test case sets;
and if the first test case set exists, displaying all test cases in the first test case set.
Specifically, the test case management platform stores a plurality of test cases, classifies the test cases according to case names to obtain M test case sets, the M test case sets correspond to M types, that is, each test case set in the M test case sets corresponds to a type of case name, when a query instruction carrying the first case name is received, searches whether a first test case set matching the first case name exists in the M test case sets, and if the first test case set exists, displays all test cases in the first test case set.
In one possible example, the method further comprises:
if the first test case set does not exist, acquiring at least one case name matched with the first case name;
acquiring at least one test case set matched with at least one case name from the M test case sets;
and displaying all the test cases in at least one test case set.
Specifically, a fuzzy search strategy can be adopted when the test cases are inquired, namely, the case names matched with the case names are searched instead of being strongly matched with each other, and then the matched test case sets are searched and displayed, so that more inquiry results are obtained. For example, if the test case of the query is of the type "login", the test case set with the case name including "login" is searched, if the test case set with the case name including "login" is not searched, the case name "login" matching with "login" is determined, and then the test case set with the case name including "login" is searched and displayed.
In one possible example, the method for displaying all test cases in at least one test case set may be:
acquiring the uploading time of all the test cases in at least one test case set, and displaying all the test cases in at least one test case set according to the uploading time from first to last;
or acquiring the case names of all the test cases in at least one test case set, calculating the similarity between the case names of all the test cases in at least one test case set and the first case name, and displaying all the test cases in at least one test case set according to the sequence of the similarity from large to small.
Specifically, when a plurality of test cases are displayed, the display sequence may be set, including:
the display sequence can be that the test cases in the same category are sorted according to the uploading time from near to far according to the uploading time, and the test case with the closer uploading time is displayed in front, so that the user can be ensured to preferentially select the test case which is updated recently;
the displayed sequence can also be the sequence from big to small according to the similarity, after the fuzzy search mode is selected, the test case which is weakly matched with the input case name can be displayed, and the test case which is strongly matched with the input case name is displayed in front of the test case which is weakly matched with the input case name, so that the user can be ensured to preferentially select the test case which is strongly matched with the input case name.
In one possible example, after testing using test cases on the test case management platform, the platform also supports feedback of test results, that is, the user can input the test result of the test according to the test case management platform, the platform can compare the test result input by the user with the expected result in the test case stored by the platform, thereby evaluating the test case, evaluating the effectiveness of the test case, comprehensively evaluating the test case through the test results fed back by a plurality of users, sequencing a plurality of test cases of the same category according to the comprehensive evaluation results, when the subsequent user selects the test case of the category, the plurality of test cases are sorted from good to bad according to the comprehensive evaluation result, so that the user can be ensured to preferentially select a better test case.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for generating a test case according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, an apparatus for generating a test case provided in an embodiment of the present application may include:
a recording unit 401, configured to record an interactive operation between a user and a server to generate an interactive operation set;
a compiling unit 402, configured to determine a scripting language, and compile, for each interactive operation in the interactive operation set, each interactive operation into an operation function according to the scripting language to obtain an operation function set;
a script generating unit 403, configured to insert a calling statement corresponding to the scripting language into the set of operation functions to generate a test script;
an analyzing unit 404, configured to analyze the test script, obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtain a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
an obtaining unit 405, configured to obtain a use case name and an expected result;
the case generating unit 406 is configured to invoke an interface of a test case management platform, and import the case name, the operation step set, the test data set, and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case.
For specific implementation of the apparatus for generating a test case, reference may be made to the embodiments of the method for generating a test case, which are not described herein again.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, an electronic device of a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present application may include:
a processor 501, such as a CPU.
The memory 502 may alternatively be a high speed RAM memory or a stable memory such as a disk memory.
A communication interface 503 for implementing connection communication between the processor 501 and the memory 502.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the configuration of the electronic device shown in fig. 5 does not constitute a limitation of the electronic device and may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components.
As shown in FIG. 5, the memory 502 may include an operating system, a network communication module, and a program that generates test cases. The operating system is a program that manages and controls hardware and software resources of the electronic device, and supports the execution of programs that generate test cases and other software or programs. The network communication module is used to implement communication between the components in the memory 502 and with other hardware and software in the electronic device.
In the electronic device shown in fig. 5, the processor 501 is configured to execute the program for generating a test case stored in the memory 502, and implement the following steps:
recording the interactive operation between a user and a server to generate an interactive operation set;
determining a script language, compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the script language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set;
inserting a calling statement corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script;
analyzing the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
acquiring a use case name and an expected result;
and calling an interface of a test case management platform, and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case.
For specific implementation of the electronic device of the present application, reference may be made to the embodiments of the method for generating a test case, which are not described herein again.
Another embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for execution by a processor to perform the steps of:
recording the interactive operation between a user and a server to generate an interactive operation set;
determining a script language, compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the script language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set;
inserting a calling statement corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script;
analyzing the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
acquiring a use case name and an expected result;
and calling an interface of a test case management platform, and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case.
For specific implementation of the computer-readable storage medium of the present application, reference may be made to the embodiments of the method for generating a test case, which are not described herein again.
It is also noted that while for simplicity of explanation, the foregoing method embodiments have been described as a series of acts or combination of acts, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the order of acts, as some steps may, in accordance with the present application, occur in other orders and concurrently. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required in this application. In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for generating test cases, comprising:
recording the interactive operation between a user and a server to generate an interactive operation set;
determining a script language, compiling each interactive operation into an operation function according to the script language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set;
inserting a calling statement corresponding to the script language into the operation function set to generate a test script;
analyzing the test script to obtain an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set, and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
acquiring a use case name and an expected result;
and calling an interface of a test case management platform, and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the recording user interaction with the server comprises:
calling a script generation component, wherein the script generation component comprises a recording interface;
receiving a selection instruction of a user for a recording start button displayed on the recording interface;
opening a browser through the script generation component to access the server;
and capturing the interaction operation between the user and the server through the script generation component.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the determining the scripting language comprises:
receiving a selection instruction of the user for language selection buttons displayed on the recording interface, wherein one language selection button corresponds to one scripting language;
determining the scripting language selected by the user according to the selection instruction;
or receiving a confirmation instruction of the user to a language input box displayed on the recording interface;
and determining the script language in the language input box as the script language selected by the user.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the parsing the test script to obtain a set of operation steps corresponding to the set of operation functions and obtaining a set of test data according to parameters in the set of operation functions comprises:
analyzing the test script to obtain the operation function set;
acquiring a corresponding relation between a prestored operation function and an operation step;
aiming at each operation function in the operation function set, obtaining an operation step corresponding to each operation function according to the corresponding relation so as to obtain the operation step set;
and acquiring parameters in each operation function to obtain the test data set.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein after importing the use case name, the set of operational steps, the set of test data, and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case, the method further comprises:
uploading the test case to the test case management platform;
classifying all test cases stored in the test case management platform according to case names to obtain M test case sets, wherein the M test case sets respectively correspond to M types, and M is a positive integer;
when a query instruction carrying a first case name is received, searching whether a first test case set matched with the first case name exists in the M test case sets;
and if the first test case set exists, displaying all test cases in the first test case set.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
if the first test case set does not exist, acquiring at least one case name matched with the first case name;
acquiring at least one test case set matched with the at least one case name from the M test case sets;
and displaying all the test cases in the at least one test case set.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the displaying all test cases in the at least one set of test cases comprises:
acquiring the uploading time of all the test cases in the at least one test case set, and displaying all the test cases in the at least one test case set according to the uploading time from first to last;
or acquiring case names of all test cases in the at least one test case set, calculating the similarity between the case names of all test cases in the at least one test case set and the first case name, and displaying all test cases in the at least one test case set according to the sequence of the similarity from big to small.
8. An apparatus for generating test cases, the apparatus comprising:
the recording unit is used for recording the interactive operation between the user and the server so as to generate an interactive operation set;
the compiling unit is used for determining a script language, compiling each interactive operation in the interactive operation set into an operation function according to the script language aiming at each interactive operation in the interactive operation set so as to obtain an operation function set;
the script generation unit is used for inserting a calling statement corresponding to the script language into the operation function set so as to generate a test script;
the analysis unit is used for analyzing the test script, obtaining an operation step set corresponding to the operation function set and obtaining a test data set according to parameters in the operation function set;
the obtaining unit is used for obtaining the name of the use case and an expected result;
and the case generating unit is used for calling an interface of a test case management platform and importing the case name, the operation step set, the test data set and the expected result into the test case management platform to generate a test case.
9. An electronic device, comprising a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the programs comprising instructions for performing the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program which is executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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