CN110820359B - Centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN110820359B
CN110820359B CN201810928052.3A CN201810928052A CN110820359B CN 110820359 B CN110820359 B CN 110820359B CN 201810928052 A CN201810928052 A CN 201810928052A CN 110820359 B CN110820359 B CN 110820359B
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camouflage
coating
wave
powder
fibers
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CN110820359A (en
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陈利民
陈俊声
陈思宇
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TIANJIN AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO LTD
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TIANJIN AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO LTD
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0006—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using woven fabrics
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    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D109/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
    • C09D109/02—Copolymers with acrylonitrile
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    • C09D111/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of chloroprene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D123/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D123/26—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C09D123/32—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment by reaction with compounds containing phosphorus or sulfur
    • C09D123/34—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment by reaction with compounds containing phosphorus or sulfur by chlorosulfonation
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    • C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
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    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
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    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
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    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
    • D06N3/0025—Rubber threads; Elastomeric fibres; Stretchable, bulked or crimped fibres; Retractable, crimpable fibres; Shrinking or stretching of fibres during manufacture; Obliquely threaded fabrics
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
    • D06N3/0036—Polyester fibres
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
    • D06N3/0077—Embossing; Pressing of the surface; Tumbling and crumbling; Cracking; Cooling; Heating, e.g. mirror finish
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0086—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique
    • D06N3/0088—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by directly applying the resin
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
    • F41H3/02—Flexible, e.g. fabric covers, e.g. screens, nets characterised by their material or structure
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    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
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    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
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    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
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    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives

Abstract

The invention relates to a centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the camouflage net comprises the steps of spraying or mechanically coating the prepared camouflage paint on the surface of the camouflage grey cloth prepared in the step, coating the superposition wave impedance matching and melting paint on the coating after the coating is solidified, finally coating the three-color camouflage surface paint, drying, cutting and weaving to form the multi-spectrum camouflage nets with different specifications. The camouflage net of the invention achieves excellent camouflage effect after being applied to military targets.

Description

Centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of special functional materials, and relates to a centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The research and development of the multi-spectrum camouflage net become a popular subject of research concerned by military scientists at home and abroad, and a great deal of manpower and financial resources are invested in all countries, so that the following conditions can be found at the current level:
the development of domestic optical camouflage nets has been started in the early nineties, has a considerable level, is not inferior to foreign countries, but has great difficulty in multi-spectrum compatibility technology, particularly, high-absorption low-reflection radar absorption materials and low-absorption high-reflection thermal infrared materials directly conflict in principle, and the multi-spectrum camouflage compatibility is concentrated on camouflage net cloth with the thickness of less than 0.1mm, so that the visible difficulty is great. According to the development of camouflage stealth of foreign weaponry, not a single stealth coating is applied to weaponry.
The camouflage net was first developed and is currently the most powerful and level, and is the bravaddard company (Barracuda) in sweden, which has not only established a strong research and development organization for decades, but also the camouflage products have developed into a more complete system, which is at the world's advanced level. The product is sold in addition to equipping the swedish army in several tens of countries, usa, japan, canada, finland, denmark and india, which company has a France (Barrachda France s.a.) in France and the product is sold in addition to equipping the France army in countries with french language. Recently, it has been disclosed that the company is researching and developing a multiband ultra lightweight camouflage net (BMX-ULCAS) having optical, near infrared, mid-far infrared and radar reconnaissance prevention properties.
The united states never ran behind other countries in military technical research and weaponry, was developed in the sixties and conducted a series of indoor and outdoor trials in which three types of camouflage nets suitable for woodland, desert and snow were standardized in 1972, 1975 and 1976, respectively, and corresponding military regulations were established. In 7 months 1982, the united states incorporated three corresponding military specifications into one military specification, MIL-C-53004. The camouflage and shelter system is applied to the three terrains, and also comprises a radar wave transmission type and a radar wave scattering type, wherein the radar wave transmission type and the radar wave scattering type are used for preventing visible light and near infrared reconnaissance of radars and electronic equipment, the radar wave transmission type and the radar wave scattering type are used for preventing visible light near infrared and radar reconnaissance of other military equipment, and the camouflage and shelter systems of the two types are arranged in an army according to the proportion of 1: 9 and are called as advanced products in the world. According to the recent reports of the American journal of electronic defense: the Saab Barracuda ltd wins a 2100 ten thousand dollar value contract awarded by the army of the united states, providing the army of america with an ultra lightweight camouflage network system (ULCANS) instead of the lightweight camouflage network (lcs) developed in the 70 s. The ultra-lightweight camouflage net system provides better shelter from enhanced multi-spectral threat sensors.
The rapid camouflage net developed by France Ferrari technical fabric company is mainly used for camouflage armored delivery vehicles, the barrier is made like a skirt, and when the rapid camouflage net is used, the barrier is sleeved on a target.
RFD helicopter camouflage systems were developed in the uk and were able to be quickly set on the helicopter rotor and quickly deployed to cover the entire helicopter in order to avoid the possibility of detection by aerial reconnaissance. Because helicopters are often maneuvered in tactics, short-term protection is primarily a concern, and the protection system primarily considers color and appearance, but also has some infrared protection capability.
The germany has obtained a multiband stealth material by incorporating a semiconductor material into a transparent paint, plastic, synthetic resin, etc. powder, the visible color and brightness of which depend on the semiconductor material and surface roughness, and by appropriately selecting the characteristic parameters of the semiconductor, low reflectivity in the visible and near infrared bands, low emissivity in the thermal infrared band, and high absorption characteristics in the microwave and millimeter wave bands can be obtained. The coating was explored for substantial development and application in the development of camouflage netting studies, but without the use of a reporting net.
In Japan: the camouflage net for forest land type A of the Sendai company is a main manufacturer for researching and developing camouflage equipment in Japan, is a visible light-proof and near infrared-proof camouflage net, and is mainly used for camouflage of military personnel, weapons and vehicles on forests and grassland surfaces without snow.
Russian development MKT-2II vegetation type camouflage net is used for providing vegetation type concealment for military technical equipment and works and preventing enemy optical instruments from reconnaissance.
Austria: the basic products of the Blachke camouflage and shelter system are camouflage nets and camouflage umbrellas. And secondly a vehicle's windshield camouflage system.
Italy: the equipment is named as Mi-Net camouflage Net Group, which is designed and produced by MoldipSpA-Pirelli Group in Italy for the army of China and comprises a multicolor camouflage Net suitable for vegetation backgrounds (suitable for Mediterranean areas) and a white camouflage Net for snow backgrounds, and the performance requirements are mainly determined according to the natural conditions of the use areas.
Korea: in the early 70 s, the korean military has used camouflage net, but the camouflage net has the defects of large volume, heavy weight, water absorption in rainy days, ice formation in winter and the like, so that the use of the camouflage net is limited, and therefore, the DTC company develops the current DTC-a type camouflage net, so that the volume and the weight are reduced to the original 1/3, water is not absorbed, the camouflage net can be used for a long time, and the camouflage effect and the economic benefit are improved.
In summary, the current state analysis results at home and abroad show that no direct report that the multi-spectrum camouflage net with five wave bands integrated is really researched and developed by one country to be applied to military equipment and the application level exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net and a preparation method thereof. The camouflage net of the invention achieves excellent camouflage effect after being applied to military targets.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net, which comprises camouflage grey cloth, a radar camouflage coating, a superposed wave impedance matching compatible coating and a three-color camouflage surface coating, wherein the radar camouflage coating, the superposed wave impedance matching compatible coating and the three-color camouflage surface coating are sequentially coated on the camouflage grey cloth;
the coating in the superposition wave impedance matching fused coating comprises the following components: 20-50 wt% of nano flaky transparent iron oxide and nano flaky aluminum powder, 20-60 wt% of high molecular polymer, 5-20 wt% of dispersant, 5-20 wt% of curing agent and 5-10 wt% of diluent.
The three-color camouflage surface coating is a three-color camouflage surface coating with visible light resistance, near infrared resistance and thermal infrared resistance.
Further, the coating components in the three-color camouflage surface coating are as follows: comprises dark green paint, medium green paint and khaki paint;
the dark green coating comprises the following chemical components: 10-30 wt% of iron green powder, 20-60 wt% of high molecular polymer, 5-20 wt% of dispersant, 5-15 wt% of curing agent and 5-10 wt% of diluent;
the medium green coating comprises the following chemical components: 1-10 wt% of iron green powder, 1-5 wt% of iron blue powder and SnO21-5 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 1-5 wt% of CdS, 20-60 wt% of high molecular polymer, 5-20 wt% of dispersant, 5-15 wt% of curing agent and 5-10 wt% of diluent;
the soil yellow coating comprises the following chemical components: 5-30 wt% of iron yellow powder, 2-10 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 1-8 wt% of CdS, SnO21-5wt％、In2O32-10 wt%, high molecular polymer 20-60 wt%, dispersant 5-20 wt%, curing agent 5-15 wt%, and diluent 5-10 wt%.
Further, the coating components in the radar camouflage coating are as follows: 2-30 wt% of alpha-Fe magnetic powder, 1-30 wt% of nano Fe-Ni alloy powder, 1-25 wt% of electromagnetic composite powder, 1-10 wt% of metal fiber, 20-80 wt% of high molecular polymer, 2-10 wt% of dispersant, 2-15 wt% of curing agent and 2-10 wt% of diluent. The nano Fe-Ni alloy powder is face-centered cubic gamma- (Fe, Ni) alloy powder, and the powder particles are non-spherical and have a particle size less than 11 nm. The alpha-Fe magnetic powder and the nanometer Fe-Ni alloy powder can be prepared by the prior art and can also be directly purchased. The electromagnetic composite powder is prepared from alpha-Fe and Fe3O4The specific preparation method of the composition is described in patent application No. CN 201210142209.2.
Further, the camouflage grey cloth is formed by mutually spinning 20% -60% of double-functional fibers and 40% -80% of high polymer fibers.
Further, the metal fiber is a polycrystalline iron fiber prepared by a carbonyl method; the high molecular polymer is one of modified epoxy resin, polyurethane, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, chlorinated rubber, silicon rubber or modified organic silicon; the dispersing agent is one of toluene, xylene, methanol, ethanol, sodium oleate or polyvinylpyrrolidone; the curing agent is one of methyl phthalate, low molecular polyamide, imidazole, ethylenediamine, triethylene tetramine, diethylenetriamine, dimethylamide, maleic acid ester and pyromellitic acid ester; the diluent is one of ethanol, coal tar, isopropanol, acetone butanol or isobutanol.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the camouflage net integrating centimeter wave, millimeter wave, thermal infrared, near infrared and visible light, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing double-complex-function fibers with magnetic loss and electric loss simultaneously;
mixing Fe (CO)5And Ni (CO)4Carrying out thermal decomposition at 450 ℃ to prepare iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder with the granularity of 50-200 nm; adding surfactant epoxypropane and dispersant methanol into the iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder, stirring or ball-milling to prepare carrier liquid, and then granulating with high-molecular polyester according to the ratio of 1: 1 to prepare functional master batch; blending the functional master batch and the terylene slices in a ratio of 1: 1, then melting and stirring for 1 hour at the temperature of 200-300 ℃, and then spraying into the double-functional fiber with both magnetic and electric properties under the pressure of 1-3 atmospheric pressures;
(2) mutually spinning the double-complex-function fibers prepared in the step (1) and high polymer fibers into camouflage grey cloth; the camouflage grey cloth is formed by mutually spinning 20-60% of double-functional fibers and 40-80% of polymer fibers.
(3) And (3) coating the prepared camouflage coating on the surface of the camouflage grey cloth prepared in the step (2) by a spraying or machine, coating a superimposed wave impedance matching and melting coating on the coating after the coating is cured, finally coating a three-color camouflage surface coating, and drying, cutting and weaving to form the multi-spectrum camouflage nets with different specifications.
Further, the double-functional fibers and the polymer fibers in the step (2) are woven into the camouflage gray fabric by a weaving method of weaving two warp and weft fibers respectively.
Further, the polymer fiber in the step (2) is any one of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber and spandex fiber.
Further, the thickness of the coating of the camouflage paint on the surface of the camouflage gray fabric in the step (3) is 30-60 μm; the thickness of the coating of the superposition wave impedance matching melting coating is 30-50 mu m, and the thickness of the coating of the three-color camouflage top coating is 50-70 mu m.
Further, the average particle size of the nano flaky transparent iron oxide and the nano flaky aluminum powder is 80 nm.
The invention principle of the invention is as follows:
the key technology of the invention is a compatible technology of centimeter wave-millimeter wave spread spectrum and a compatible technology of centimeter wave-millimeter wave and thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light three-color camouflage.
To solve the above-mentioned key technologies, the present invention finds out through scientific experiments that a nano-polycrystalline magnetic fiber is particularly suitable for being used as a basic material of a centimeter-millimeter wave spread spectrum compatible technology of a camouflage net, because the absorption band can be widened only when a material mainly based on a magnetic loss mechanism exists according to the theory of an electromagnetic wave transmission line. The materials adopted at home and abroad are basically conductive fibers, such as stainless steel fibers, copper-plated fibers and the like, and have no magnetic permeability, so that the frequency band cannot be widened, and the compatibility with millimeter waves cannot be achieved.
The nano polycrystalline magnetic fiber is prepared by adopting Fe (CO) under the guidance of a magnetic field5+Ni(CO)4The nano polycrystalline Fe-Ni alloy fiber can be prepared by gas-phase thermal decomposition.
30 percent of the nano-polycrystalline alloy magnetic fiber and any one of polymer fibers such as polyester staple fiber, polyamide staple fiber, spandex staple fiber, nylon staple fiber and the like are uniformly mixed and spun into a centimeter wave-millimeter wave compatible mesh wire, and mesh wires with different radar performances can be woven by using the mesh wire. Coating a five-frequency-spectrum compatible coating on the radar mesh cloth by a coating machine, drying, cutting and weaving into a centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible five-frequency-spectrum camouflage net.
The approach for solving the compatibility of the three-color camouflage of centimeter wave-millimeter wave, thermal infrared and the like is mainly solved by adopting a superimposed wave impedance matching and fusing technology.
As is known, the technology for compatibility of three-color camouflage of radar, thermal infrared and the like is a technical difficulty which is overcome in the world, that is, the technology for compatibility of centimeter-band and thermal infrared three-color camouflage is not overcome at present, so that the conceivable technical difficulty is very great by adding millimeter-band technology. Through continuous diligent research in the last two decades, the invention adopts the matching and blending technology of centimeter wave-millimeter wave and thermal infrared and other three-color camouflage colors, namely, the matching and blending technology which does not influence radar performance and can ensure the thermal infrared and other performances of the three-color camouflage colors is adopted between the radar mesh and the thermal infrared three-color camouflage coating.
The thermal infrared and radar camouflage principles are briefly described as follows:
the thermal infrared detection system detects and identifies the target by detecting the size and distribution of the radiation energy on the surface of the target and the characteristic image of the target, namely a thermal image, presented on a thermal imager screen in contrast with the background radiation energy. It is well known that a particular target must have a particular thermographic image. The main factors influencing the target thermal image are as follows: the surface temperature T of the target, the emissivity e of the surface material, the shape and size of the target, etc. The magnitude of the thermal infrared radiation intensity N λ for a target above absolute zero can be expressed in terms of the planck function:
Nλ(λT)＝ελ2πc2λ-5(ehe/kλT-T)-1 (1)
over a range of wavelengths λ, the integral of equation (1) yields:
N＝σεT4 (2)
wherein:
σ -is a proportionality constant (5.6697X 10-12);
ε -the specific emissivity of the target surface material;
t-is the surface temperature of the target surface material.
As can be readily seen from equation (2), varying both ε and T can change the thermal properties of the target. Thermal camouflage segmentation of thermal images is achieved according to this principle.
According to the natural background heat radiation actual condition, the target thermal infrared detection is carried out in the background with the temperature naturally fluctuating by a plurality of degrees. Such as: the allowable deviation of the natural fluctuation of the environmental temperature in an open region is 4 degrees K, and the temperature deviation in a region with a building can reach more than 8 degrees K.
Through calculation, when the target temperature is reduced by 4 degrees K from 300 degrees K, the radiation energy intensity is reduced by 16 percent in an infrared band of 3-5 mu m, namely epsilon is reduced from 1 to 0.84; in the wave band of 8-14 μm, the radiation energy intensity will be reduced by 6.5%, which is equivalent to the epsilon reduced from 1 to 0.935.
Therefore, under the condition of not changing the target T, the purpose of changing the radiation energy intensity can be achieved by coating different parts with coatings of different epsilon.
Designing camouflage patches with different sizes on the surface of a target according to the thermal infrared camouflage segmentation requirement, coating layers with different epsilon (generally, coating layers with 3-4 different colors and different epsilon are adopted as good) on each patch, wherein the difference value of epsilon of the patch coating layers is determined according to the resolution of a thermal image detector, and the patch coating layers are firstly used for enabling the thermal image to have obvious thermal camouflage segmentation; secondly, the gray scale, shape and size of the plaque should be fused into the background scene noise thermal image.
A large number of research experiments find that the thermal camouflage color camouflage coating surface prepared according to the principle not only can present obvious thermal camouflage color segmentation, but also can better integrate the camouflage surface into the background thermal image to achieve the ideal camouflage stealth effect when the average apparent temperature contrast of the thermal camouflage color camouflage coating surface with the background is less than 4 degrees K and the thermal image of the camouflage coating surface presents 2-4 gray level differences.
Radar wave stealth is the process aimed at reducing or altering the distribution of reflected energy of a target detected by a radar. The method for reducing the radar reflection energy of the target is an extremely effective method for coating the wave-absorbing material on the surface of the stealth target.
When the electromagnetic wave (plane wave) detected by the radar propagates from free space to a medium (stealth material) layer, its normalized input impedance Z is:
Figure BSA0000169051290000061
in the formula:
μ r ═ μ r' -j μ r "is the complex permeability of the material, where:
mu r' -is a real part and represents the magnetic storage property of the material;
μ r "one is the imaginary part, representing the magnetic contribution of the material;
and the complex dielectric coefficient of the material is epsilon r' -j epsilon r ″, wherein:
epsilon' is a real part and represents the electricity storage characteristics of the material;
ε r "-is the imaginary part, representing the electrical loss of the material;
λ -is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in free space;
t-is the thickness of the stealth material layer;
the reflection coefficient R when the electromagnetic wave is vertically incident is as follows:
R＝(Z-1)/(Z+1) (4)
if the material surface is to be made non-reflective, R is 0
Then:
Figure BSA0000169051290000062
from the analysis of the electromagnetic wave transmission theory, two concepts are actually included to satisfy the requirement of the formula (5). Firstly, when the electromagnetic wave reaches the interface of the stealth material layer, the input impedance of the interface of the stealth material layer is close to the wave impedance (120 pi omega) of the free space, so that the electromagnetic wave smoothly passes through the interface and enters the wave-absorbing material layer. Secondly, when the electromagnetic wave enters the wave-absorbing material layer, the electromagnetic wave energy is completely consumed in the wave-absorbing layer through impedance matching and absorption in the wave-absorbing material layer.
To realize the above two matching, it is easy to see from equation (5) that the matching can be realized by adjusting ∈ r, μ r, and t of the wave-absorbing material layer (including the camouflage layer, the impedance matching layer, and the electromagnetic wave absorbing layer), which is called a superposition wave impedance matching fusion technique. The compatibility of the visible light, near infrared and thermal infrared camouflage layers and the wave absorbing material layer is realized by adopting a superposed wave impedance matching and fusing technology.
From the thermal infrared and radar stealth camouflage principle, a wave impedance matching and melting coating layer is laid on a radar wave absorption coating layer on a radar mesh cloth to realize the compatibility technology of radar and thermal infrared three-color camouflage.
Advantageous effects
1. The five-frequency-spectrum camouflage net integrating centimeter wave, millimeter wave, thermal infrared, near infrared and visible light is not available at home and abroad.
2. The net body structure mainly adopts a new design idea of nano polycrystalline magnetic fibers to change the design idea of conductive fibers which are used in the past, and the technical defects brought by the design idea of the nano polycrystalline magnetic fibers include that the frequency band cannot be widened, the frequency spectrum compatibility is poor, the ground object background cannot be simulated well, and the like.
3. The invention adopts the technical process of combining the net body structure and the coating, so that the camouflage net has the five-frequency-spectrum functional characteristic and can not be realized in the prior art.
4. The single-layer net body structure, light weight and convenient use have great advantages compared with the existing net.
5. The camouflage effect is excellent after the camouflage paint is applied to military targets, and the camouflage paint is incomparable with the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a field photograph of a tank covered with a five-spectrum camouflage net cover according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a thermal infrared test camouflage effect diagram of the five-spectrum camouflage net of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a centimeter wave absorption characteristic curve of a five-spectrum camouflage net of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a millimeter wave absorption characteristic curve of the five-spectrum camouflage net of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing camouflage results of a vehicle with a camouflage net added to the vehicle with no camouflage net added;
FIG. 6 is a photographic view taken at an aerial height of 600 meters;
fig. 7 is a millimeter wave reflection intensity test chart of a vehicle with a camouflage net and a vehicle without the camouflage net;
FIG. 8 is a centimeter wave reflection intensity test chart of a vehicle with a camouflage net and a vehicle without the camouflage net;
FIG. 9 is a radar test reflection intensity test chart of a vehicle with a camouflage net and a vehicle without the camouflage net;
fig. 10 is a comparison diagram of camouflage effects of an ordinary tank, a camouflage paint tank and an additional camouflage net tank.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Example 1
A centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net comprises camouflage gray cloth, a radar camouflage coating, a superposed wave impedance matching compatible coating and a three-color camouflage surface coating, wherein the radar camouflage coating, the superposed wave impedance matching compatible coating and the three-color camouflage surface coating are sequentially coated on the camouflage gray cloth;
the coating in the superposed wave impedance matching fused coating comprises the following components: 20 wt% of nano flaky transparent iron oxide and nano flaky aluminum powder, 60 wt% of high molecular polymer, 20 wt% of dispersant, 5 wt% of curing agent and 5 wt% of diluent.
The tricolor camouflage surface coating is a tricolor camouflage surface coating which resists visible light, near infrared and thermal infrared.
The coating components in the three-color camouflage surface coating are as follows: comprises dark green paint, medium green paint and khaki paint;
the dark green coating comprises the following chemical components: 30 wt% of iron green powder, 20 wt% of high molecular polymer, 20 wt% of dispersing agent, 5 wt% of curing agent and 10 wt% of diluent;
the medium green coating comprises the following chemical components: 1 wt% of iron green powder, 5 wt% of iron blue powder and SnO25 wt%, 1 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 5 wt% of CdS, 60 wt% of high molecular polymer, 5 wt% of dispersant, 15 wt% of curing agent and 5 wt% of diluent;
the soil yellow coating comprises the following chemical components: 30 wt% of iron yellow powder, 2 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 8 wt% of CdS and SnO2 1wt％、In2 O 310 wt%, high molecular polymer 20 wt%, dispersant 20 wt%, curing agent 15 wt% and diluent 5 wt%.
The coating in the radar camouflage coating comprises the following components: 30 wt% of alpha-Fe magnetic powder, 1 wt% of nano Fe-Ni alloy powder, 1 wt% of electromagnetic composite powder, 10 wt% of metal fiber, 80 wt% of high molecular polymer, 2 wt% of dispersing agent, 15 wt% of curing agent and 10 wt% of diluting agent.
The camouflage grey cloth is formed by mutually spinning 60% of double-functional fibers and 40% of high polymer fibers.
The metal fiber is polycrystalline iron fiber prepared by carbonyl method; the high molecular polymer is modified epoxy resin; the dispersing agent is toluene; the curing agent is methyl phthalate; the diluent is ethanol.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the camouflage net integrating centimeter wave, millimeter wave, thermal infrared, near infrared and visible light, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing double-complex-function fibers with magnetic loss and electric loss simultaneously;
mixing Fe (CO)5And Ni (CO)4Carrying out thermal decomposition at 450 ℃ to prepare iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder with the particle size of 50 nm; adding surfactant epoxypropane and dispersant methanol into the iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder, stirring or ball-milling to prepare carrier liquid, and then granulating with high-molecular polyester according to the ratio of 1: 1 to prepare functional master batch; blending the functional master batch and the terylene slices in a ratio of 1: 1, then melting and stirring the mixture for 1 hour at the temperature of 200 ℃, and then carrying out melt stirring on the mixtureSpraying the mixture into double-functional fiber with both magnetic and electric properties under the pressure of 1 atmosphere;
(2) mutually spinning the double-complex-function fibers prepared in the step (1) and high polymer fibers into camouflage grey cloth; the camouflage grey cloth is formed by mutually spinning 20% of double-functional fibers and 80% of polymer fibers.
(3) And (3) spraying the prepared camouflage coating on the surface of the camouflage grey cloth prepared in the step (2), coating a superimposed wave impedance matching and melting coating on the coating after the coating is cured, finally coating a three-color camouflage surface coating, and drying, cutting and weaving to form the multi-spectrum camouflage nets with different specifications.
The double-functional fiber and the polymer fiber in the step (2) are woven into camouflage grey cloth by adopting a warp and weft weaving method of two fibers respectively.
The polymer fiber in the step (2) is polyester fiber.
In the step (3), the thickness of the coating of the camouflage paint on the surface of the camouflage gray fabric is 30 microns; the thickness of the coating applied by the superposition wave impedance matching blended coating is 50 μm, and the thickness of the coating applied by the three-color camouflage top coating is 70 μm.
The average grain diameter of the nano flaky transparent iron oxide and the nano flaky aluminum powder is 80 nm.
Example 2
The invention provides a centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net, which comprises camouflage gray cloth, a radar camouflage coating, a superposed wave impedance matching and blending coating and a three-color camouflage coating, wherein the radar camouflage coating, the superposed wave impedance matching and blending coating and the three-color camouflage coating are sequentially coated on the camouflage gray cloth;
the coating in the superposition wave impedance matching fused coating comprises the following components: 50 wt% of nano flaky transparent iron oxide and nano flaky aluminum powder, 20 wt% of high molecular polymer, 20 wt% of dispersant, 20 wt% of curing agent and 10 wt% of diluent.
The tricolor camouflage surface coating is a tricolor camouflage surface coating resisting visible light, near infrared and thermal infrared.
Further, the coating components in the three-color camouflage surface coating are as follows: comprises dark green paint, medium green paint and khaki paint;
the dark green coating comprises the following chemical components: 10 wt% of iron green powder, 60 wt% of high molecular polymer, 20 wt% of dispersing agent, 15 wt% of curing agent and 5 wt% of diluent;
the medium green coating comprises the following chemical components: 10 wt% of iron green powder, 1 wt% of iron blue powder and SnO25 wt%, 1 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 1 wt% of CdS, 60 wt% of high molecular polymer, 5 wt% of dispersant, 15 wt% of curing agent and 10 wt% of diluent;
the soil yellow coating comprises the following chemical components: 5 wt% of iron yellow powder, 10 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 1 wt% of CdS and SnO2 5wt％、In2 O 32 wt%, 60 wt% of high molecular polymer, 20 wt% of dispersant, 5 wt% of curing agent and 10 wt% of diluent.
Further, the coating components in the radar camouflage coating are as follows: 30 wt% of alpha-Fe magnetic powder, 30 wt% of nano Fe-Ni alloy powder, 25 wt% of electromagnetic composite powder, 10 wt% of metal fiber, 20 wt% of high molecular polymer, 2 wt% of dispersing agent, 15 wt% of curing agent and 10 wt% of diluting agent. The nano Fe-Ni alloy powder is face-centered cubic gamma- (Fe, Ni) alloy powder, and the powder particles are non-spherical and have a particle size less than 11 nm. The alpha-Fe magnetic powder and the nanometer Fe-Ni alloy powder can be prepared by the prior art and can also be directly purchased. The electromagnetic composite powder is prepared from alpha-Fe and Fe3O4The specific preparation method of the composition is described in patent application No. CN 201210142209.2.
Further, the camouflage grey cloth is formed by mutually spinning 60% of double functional fibers and 40% of high polymer fibers.
The metal fiber is polycrystalline iron fiber prepared by carbonyl method; the high molecular polymer is polyurethane; the dispersant is dimethylbenzene; the curing agent is low molecular polyamide; the diluent is coal tar.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the camouflage net integrating centimeter wave, millimeter wave, thermal infrared, near infrared and visible light, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing double-complex-function fibers with magnetic loss and electric loss simultaneously;
mixing Fe (CO)5And Ni (CO)4Carrying out thermal decomposition at 450 ℃ to prepare iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder with the particle size of 200 nm; adding surfactant epoxypropane and dispersant methanol into the iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder, stirring or ball-milling to prepare carrier liquid, and then granulating with high-molecular polyester according to the ratio of 1: 1 to prepare functional master batch; blending the functional master batch and the polyester chips in a ratio of 1: 1, then melting and stirring for 1 hour at the temperature of 300 ℃, and then spraying into the double-functional fiber with both magnetic and electric characteristics under the pressure of 3 atmospheric pressure;
(3) and (3) coating the prepared camouflage coating on the surface of the camouflage grey cloth prepared in the step (2) by a spraying or machine, coating a superimposed wave impedance matching and melting coating on the coating after the coating is cured, finally coating a three-color camouflage surface coating, and drying, cutting and weaving to form the multi-spectrum camouflage nets with different specifications.
The double-functional fiber and the polymer fiber in the step (2) are woven into camouflage grey cloth by adopting a warp and weft weaving method of two fibers respectively.
The polymer fiber in the step (2) is nylon fiber.
In the step (3), the thickness of the coating of the camouflage paint on the surface of the camouflage gray fabric is 60 microns; the thickness of the coating applied by the superposition wave impedance matching blended coating is 50 μm, and the thickness of the coating applied by the three-color camouflage top coating is 70 μm.
The average grain diameter of the nano flaky transparent iron oxide and the nano flaky aluminum powder is 80 nm.
A field photographic picture of a tank-hung camouflage net is shown in figure 1, and the tank and surrounding scenery can be well integrated. A thermal infrared test chart of the tank hanging camouflage net is shown in figure 2, and the thermal infrared scene of the visible tank and the surrounding scenery is well integrated. Therefore, the five-frequency-spectrum camouflage net has an excellent camouflage effect when applied to the tank. In addition, from data test, the five-frequency-spectrum camouflage net has good absorption to centimeter waves and millimeter waves, has wide frequency band and good camouflage effect, and is shown in fig. 3 and 4; compared with the vehicle without the camouflage net in the infrared state, the vehicle with the five-frequency-spectrum camouflage net has good camouflage effect, and is shown in figure 5.
Example 3
The invention provides a centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net, which comprises camouflage gray cloth, a radar camouflage coating, a superposed wave impedance matching and blending coating and a three-color camouflage coating, wherein the radar camouflage coating, the superposed wave impedance matching and blending coating and the three-color camouflage coating are sequentially coated on the camouflage gray cloth;
the coating in the superposition wave impedance matching fused coating comprises the following components: 30 wt% of nano flaky transparent iron oxide and nano flaky aluminum powder, 40 wt% of high molecular polymer, 10 wt% of dispersing agent, 15 wt% of curing agent and 8 wt% of diluting agent.
The three-color camouflage surface coating is a three-color camouflage surface coating with visible light resistance, near infrared resistance and thermal infrared resistance.
Further, the coating components in the three-color camouflage surface coating are as follows: comprises dark green paint, medium green paint and khaki paint;
the dark green coating comprises the following chemical components: 20 wt% of iron green powder, 40 wt% of high molecular polymer, 16 wt% of dispersing agent, 8 wt% of curing agent and 8 wt% of diluent;
the medium green coating comprises the following chemical components: 8 wt% of iron green powder, 4 wt% of iron blue powder and SnO23 wt%, 4 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 3 wt% of CdS, 50 wt% of high molecular polymer, 15 wt% of dispersant, 9 wt% of curing agent and 8 wt% of diluent;
the soil yellow coating comprises the following chemical components: 20 wt% of iron yellow powder, 8 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 6 wt% of CdS and SnO2 3wt％、In2O38 wt%, 40 wt% of high molecular polymer, 15 wt% of dispersing agent, 10 wt% of curing agent and 6 wt% of diluting agent.
Further, the coating components in the radar camouflage coating are as follows: 20 wt% of alpha-Fe magnetic powder, 15 wt% of nano Fe-Ni alloy powder, 20 wt% of electromagnetic composite powder, 5 wt% of metal fiber, 50 wt% of high molecular polymer, 8 wt% of dispersant, 10 wt% of curing agent and 8 wt% of diluent. The nano Fe-Ni alloy powder is face-centered cubic gamma- (Fe, Ni) alloy powder, and the powder particles are non-spherical and have a particle size less than 11 nm. alpha-Fe magnetic powder and nano Fe-Ni alloy powderThe body can be prepared by the prior art or can be directly purchased. The electromagnetic composite powder is prepared from alpha-Fe and Fe3O4The specific preparation method of the composition is described in patent application No. CN 201210142209.2.
Further, the camouflage grey cloth is formed by mutually spinning 40% of double-functional fibers and 60% of high polymer fibers.
The metal fiber is polycrystalline iron fiber prepared by carbonyl method; the high molecular polymer is chlorosulfonated polyethylene; the dispersant is methanol; the curing agent is imidazole; the diluent is isopropanol.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the camouflage net integrating centimeter wave, millimeter wave, thermal infrared, near infrared and visible light, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing double-complex-function fibers with magnetic loss and electric loss simultaneously;
mixing Fe (CO)5And Ni (CO)4Carrying out thermal decomposition at 450 ℃ to prepare iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder with the particle size of 100 nm; adding surfactant epoxypropane and dispersant methanol into the iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder, stirring or ball-milling to prepare carrier liquid, and then granulating with high-molecular polyester according to the ratio of 1: 1 to prepare functional master batch; blending the functional master batch and the polyester chips in a ratio of 1: 1, then melting and stirring for 1 hour at the temperature of 250 ℃, and then spraying into the double-functional fiber with both magnetic and electric characteristics under the pressure of 2 atmospheric pressures;
(3) and (3) coating the prepared camouflage coating on the surface of the camouflage grey cloth prepared in the step (2) by a spraying or machine, coating a superimposed wave impedance matching and melting coating on the coating after the coating is cured, finally coating a three-color camouflage surface coating, and drying, cutting and weaving to form the multi-spectrum camouflage nets with different specifications.
The double-functional fiber and the polymer fiber in the step (2) are woven into camouflage grey cloth by adopting a warp and weft weaving method of two fibers respectively.
The polymer fiber in the step (2) is spandex fiber.
In the step (3), the thickness of the coating of the camouflage paint on the surface of the camouflage gray fabric is 50 microns; the thickness of the coating applied by the superposition wave impedance matching blended coating is 40 mu m, and the thickness of the coating applied by the three-color camouflage top coating is 60 mu m.
The average grain diameter of the nano flaky transparent iron oxide and the nano flaky aluminum powder is 80 nm.
Aerospace aerial survey shows that the multi-spectrum camouflage net prepared by the method has excellent five-spectrum camouflage performance, and the radar discovery probability is 0, the thermal infrared average discovery probability is 0, and the optical discovery probability is 20% on average, which is shown in an aerial map 6.
Example 4
The invention provides a centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net, which comprises camouflage gray cloth, a radar camouflage coating, a superposed wave impedance matching and blending coating and a three-color camouflage coating, wherein the radar camouflage coating, the superposed wave impedance matching and blending coating and the three-color camouflage coating are sequentially coated on the camouflage gray cloth;
the coating in the superposition wave impedance matching fused coating comprises the following components: 35 wt% of nano flaky transparent iron oxide and nano flaky aluminum powder, 35 wt% of high molecular polymer, 15 wt% of dispersing agent, 18 wt% of curing agent and 6 wt% of diluent.
The three-color camouflage surface coating is a three-color camouflage surface coating with visible light resistance, near infrared resistance and thermal infrared resistance.
Further, the coating components in the three-color camouflage surface coating are as follows: comprises dark green paint, medium green paint and khaki paint;
the dark green coating comprises the following chemical components: 18 wt% of iron green powder, 40 wt% of high molecular polymer, 15 wt% of dispersing agent, 8 wt% of curing agent and 6 wt% of diluent;
the medium green coating comprises the following chemical components: 8 wt% of iron green powder, 3 wt% of iron blue powder and SnO24 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 3 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 2 wt% of CdS, 45 wt% of high molecular polymer, 10 wt% of dispersing agent, 9 wt% of curing agent and 8 wt% of diluting agent;
the soil yellow coating comprises the following chemical components: 20 wt% of iron yellow powder, 5 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 4 wt% of CdS and SnO2 3wt％、In2O38 wt%, 40 wt% of high molecular polymer, 15 wt% of dispersant, 10 wt% of curing agent and 8 wt% of diluent.
Further, the coating components in the radar camouflage coating are as follows: 15 wt% of alpha-Fe magnetic powder, 25 wt% of nano Fe-Ni alloy powder, 15 wt% of electromagnetic composite powder, 8 wt% of metal fiber, 60 wt% of high molecular polymer, 5 wt% of dispersing agent, 10 wt% of curing agent and 6 wt% of diluent. The nano Fe-Ni alloy powder is face-centered cubic gamma- (Fe, Ni) alloy powder, and the powder particles are non-spherical and have a particle size less than 11 nm. The alpha-Fe magnetic powder and the nanometer Fe-Ni alloy powder can be prepared by the prior art and can also be directly purchased. The electromagnetic composite powder is prepared from alpha-Fe and Fe3O4The specific preparation method of the composition is described in patent application No. CN 201210142209.2.
Further, the camouflage grey cloth is formed by mutually spinning 50% of double-functional fibers and 50% of high polymer fibers.
The metal fiber is polycrystalline iron fiber prepared by carbonyl method; the high molecular polymer is chloroprene rubber; the dispersant is ethanol; the curing agent is ethylenediamine; the diluent is acetone.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the camouflage net integrating centimeter wave, millimeter wave, thermal infrared, near infrared and visible light, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing double-complex-function fibers with magnetic loss and electric loss simultaneously;
mixing Fe (CO)5And Ni (CO)4Carrying out thermal decomposition at 450 ℃ to prepare iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder with the particle size of 150 nm; adding surfactant epoxypropane and dispersant methanol into the iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder, stirring or ball-milling to prepare carrier liquid, and then granulating with high-molecular polyester according to the ratio of 1: 1 to prepare functional master batch; blending the functional master batch and the terylene slices in a ratio of 1: 1, then melting and stirring for 1 hour at the temperature of 240 ℃, and then spraying into double-functional fibers with magnetic and electric properties under the pressure of 1.5 atmospheric pressure;
(3) and (3) coating the prepared camouflage coating on the surface of the camouflage grey cloth prepared in the step (2) by a spraying or machine, coating a superimposed wave impedance matching and melting coating on the coating after the coating is cured, finally coating a three-color camouflage surface coating, and drying, cutting and weaving to form the multi-spectrum camouflage nets with different specifications.
The double-functional fiber and the polymer fiber in the step (2) are woven into camouflage grey cloth by adopting a warp and weft weaving method of two fibers respectively.
The polymer fiber in the step (2) is polyester fiber.
In the step (3), the thickness of the coating of the camouflage paint on the surface of the camouflage gray fabric is 45 microns; the thickness of the coating applied by the superposition wave impedance matching blended coating is 40 mu m, and the thickness of the coating applied by the three-color camouflage top coating is 55 mu m.
The average grain diameter of the nano flaky transparent iron oxide and the nano flaky aluminum powder is 80 nm.
The reflection intensity graphs of the centimeter waves and the millimeter waves are applied to the tank by using the five-frequency-spectrum camouflage net disclosed by the invention and are shown in figures 7 and 8, the reflection intensity graphs with the camouflage net arranged on the upper part in figures 7 and 8 are tested by using the camouflage net arranged on the lower part, and the comparison shows that the reflection intensities of the centimeter waves and the millimeter waves of the tank in the figures are greatly reduced after the tank is provided with the camouflage net, so that the tank has an excellent camouflage effect. The vehicle with the camouflage net and the radar test intensity chart without the camouflage net are tested through the radar waves, wherein the vehicle without the camouflage net is used for testing the radar waves, the vehicle with the camouflage net is used for testing the radar waves, and the vehicle with the camouflage net is used for testing the radar waves.
Example 5
The invention provides a centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net, which comprises camouflage gray cloth, a radar camouflage coating, a superposed wave impedance matching and blending coating and a three-color camouflage coating, wherein the radar camouflage coating, the superposed wave impedance matching and blending coating and the three-color camouflage coating are sequentially coated on the camouflage gray cloth;
the coating in the superposition wave impedance matching fused coating comprises the following components: 40 wt% of nano flaky transparent iron oxide and nano flaky aluminum powder, 48 wt% of high molecular polymer, 10 wt% of dispersing agent, 15 wt% of curing agent and 8 wt% of diluent.
The three-color camouflage surface coating is a three-color camouflage surface coating with visible light resistance, near infrared resistance and thermal infrared resistance.
Further, the coating components in the three-color camouflage surface coating are as follows: comprises dark green paint, medium green paint and khaki paint;
the dark green coating comprises the following chemical components: 15 wt% of iron green powder, 50 wt% of high molecular polymer, 15 wt% of dispersing agent, 10 wt% of curing agent and 8 wt% of diluent;
the medium green coating comprises the following chemical components: 9 wt% of iron green powder, 3 wt% of iron blue powder and SnO 22 wt%, 3 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 3 wt% of CdS, 40 wt% of high molecular polymer, 15 wt% of dispersant, 10 wt% of curing agent and 8 wt% of diluent;
wherein the chemical components of the golden yellow coating are as follows: 20 wt% of iron yellow powder, 8 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 6 wt% of CdS and SnO2 2wt％、In2O34 wt%, 40 wt% of high molecular polymer, 10 wt% of dispersant, 8 wt% of curing agent and 6 wt% of diluent.
Further, the coating components in the radar camouflage coating are as follows: 18 wt% of alpha-Fe magnetic powder, 20 wt% of nano Fe-Ni alloy powder, 15 wt% of electromagnetic composite powder, 6 wt% of metal fiber, 50 wt% of high molecular polymer, 5 wt% of dispersing agent, 10 wt% of curing agent and 8 wt% of diluent. The nano Fe-Ni alloy powder is face-centered cubic gamma- (Fe, Ni) alloy powder, and the powder particles are non-spherical and have a particle size less than 11 nm. The alpha-Fe magnetic powder and the nanometer Fe-Ni alloy powder can be prepared by the prior art and can also be directly purchased. The electromagnetic composite powder is prepared from alpha-Fe and Fe3O4The specific preparation method of the composition is described in patent application No. CN 201210142209.2.
Further, the camouflage grey cloth is formed by mutually spinning 30% of double-functional fibers and 70% of high polymer fibers.
The metal fiber is polycrystalline iron fiber prepared by carbonyl method; the high molecular polymer is nitrile rubber; the dispersant is sodium oleate; the curing agent is triethylene tetramine; the diluent is butanol.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the camouflage net integrating centimeter wave, millimeter wave, thermal infrared, near infrared and visible light, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing double-complex-function fibers with magnetic loss and electric loss simultaneously;
mixing Fe (CO)5And Ni (CO)4Carrying out thermal decomposition at 450 ℃ to prepare iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder with the particle size of 140 nm; adding surfactant epoxypropane and dispersant methanol into the iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder, stirring or ball-milling to prepare carrier liquid, and then granulating with high-molecular polyester according to the ratio of 1: 1 to prepare functional master batch; blending the functional master batch and the terylene slices in a ratio of 1: 1, then melting and stirring for 1 hour at the temperature of 160 ℃, and then spraying into double functional fibers with magnetic and electric properties under the pressure of 1.8 atmospheric pressure;
(3) and (3) coating the prepared camouflage coating on the surface of the camouflage grey cloth prepared in the step (2) by a spraying or machine, coating a superimposed wave impedance matching and melting coating on the coating after the coating is cured, finally coating a three-color camouflage surface coating, and drying, cutting and weaving to form the multi-spectrum camouflage nets with different specifications.
The double-functional fiber and the polymer fiber in the step (2) are woven into camouflage grey cloth by adopting a warp and weft weaving method of two fibers respectively.
The polymer fiber in the step (2) is any one of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber and spandex fiber.
In the step (3), the thickness of the coating of the camouflage paint on the surface of the camouflage gray fabric is 50 microns; the thickness of the coating applied by the superposition wave impedance matching blended coating is 40 mu m, and the thickness of the coating applied by the three-color camouflage top coating is 60 mu m.
The average grain diameter of the nano flaky transparent iron oxide and the nano flaky aluminum powder is 80 nm.
The camouflage effect of a common tank, a camouflage paint tank and a tank with a camouflage net is compared, and the five-frequency-spectrum camouflage net has an excellent camouflage effect when applied to the tank, as shown in figure 10.

Claims (9)

1. The camouflage net is characterized by comprising camouflage grey cloth, a radar camouflage coating, a superposed wave impedance matching and blending coating and a three-color camouflage coating, wherein the radar camouflage coating, the superposed wave impedance matching and blending coating and the three-color camouflage coating are sequentially coated on the camouflage grey cloth;
the coating in the superimposed wave impedance matching fused coating comprises the following components: 20-50 wt% of nano flaky transparent iron oxide and nano flaky aluminum powder, 20-60 wt% of high molecular polymer, 5-20 wt% of dispersant, 5-20 wt% of curing agent and 5-10 wt% of diluent;
the three-color camouflage surface coating is a three-color camouflage surface coating with visible light resistance, near infrared resistance and thermal infrared resistance;
the camouflage grey cloth is formed by mutually spinning 20-60% of double-functional fibers and 40-80% of polymer fibers;
the preparation method of the double-complex-function fiber comprises the following steps:
mixing Fe (CO)5And Ni (CO)4Carrying out thermal decomposition at 450 ℃ to prepare iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder with the granularity of 50-200 nm; adding surfactant epoxypropane and dispersant methanol into the iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder, stirring or ball-milling to prepare carrier liquid, and then granulating with high-molecular polyester according to the ratio of 1: 1 to prepare functional master batch; the functional master batches and the terylene slices are matched with each other in a ratio of 1: 1, then are melted and stirred for 1 hour at the temperature of 200-300 ℃, and then are sprayed into the double-functional fiber with both magnetic and electric properties under the pressure of 1-3 atmospheric pressure.
2. The centimeter-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net of claim 1, wherein the tri-color camouflage coating comprises the following coating components: comprises dark green paint, medium green paint and khaki paint;
the dark green coating comprises the following chemical components: 10-30 wt% of iron green powder, 20-60 wt% of high molecular polymer, 5-20 wt% of dispersant, 5-15 wt% of curing agent and 5-10 wt% of diluent;
the medium green coating comprises the following chemical components: 1-10 wt% of iron green powder, 1-5 wt% of iron blue powder and SnO21-5 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 1-5 wt% of CdS, 20-60 wt% of high molecular polymer, 5-20 wt% of dispersant, 5-15 wt% of curing agent and 5-10 wt% of diluent;
whereinThe chemical components of the yellow soil coating are as follows: 5-30 wt% of iron yellow powder, 2-10 wt% of nano flaky aluminum powder, 1-8 wt% of CdS, SnO21-5wt％、In2O32-10 wt%, high molecular polymer 20-60 wt%, dispersant 5-20 wt%, curing agent 5-15 wt%, and diluent 5-10 wt%.
3. The centimeter-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net of claim 2, wherein the radar camouflage coating comprises the following coating components: 2-30 wt% of alpha-Fe magnetic powder, 1-30 wt% of nano Fe-Ni alloy powder, 1-25 wt% of electromagnetic composite powder, 1-10 wt% of metal fiber, 20-80 wt% of high molecular polymer, 2-10 wt% of dispersant, 2-15 wt% of curing agent and 2-10 wt% of diluent.
4. The centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net of claim 3, wherein the metal fibers are carbonyl process prepared polycrystalline iron fibers; the high molecular polymer is one of modified epoxy resin, polyurethane, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, chlorinated rubber, silicon rubber or modified organic silicon; the dispersing agent is one of toluene, xylene, methanol, ethanol, sodium oleate or polyvinylpyrrolidone; the curing agent is one of methyl phthalate, low molecular polyamide, imidazole, ethylenediamine, triethylene tetramine, diethylenetriamine, dimethylamide, maleic acid ester and pyromellitic acid ester; the diluent is one of ethanol, coal tar, isopropanol, acetone butanol or isobutanol.
5. The method for preparing the camouflage net integrated with centimeter wave, millimeter wave, thermal infrared, near infrared and visible light according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing double-complex-function fibers with magnetic loss and electric loss simultaneously;
mixing Fe (CO)5And Ni (CO)4Performing thermal decomposition at 450 deg.C to obtain a particle size of 50-200nmThe iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder; adding surfactant epoxypropane and dispersant methanol into the iron-nickel alloy magnetic powder, stirring or ball-milling to prepare carrier liquid, and then granulating with high-molecular polyester according to the ratio of 1: 1 to prepare functional master batch; blending the functional master batch and the terylene slices in a ratio of 1: 1, then melting and stirring for 1 hour at the temperature of 200-300 ℃, and then spraying into the double-functional fiber with both magnetic and electric properties under the pressure of 1-3 atmospheric pressures;
(2) mutually spinning the double-complex-function fibers prepared in the step (1) and high polymer fibers into camouflage grey cloth; the camouflage grey cloth is formed by mutually spinning 20-60% of double-functional fiber and 40-80% of polymer fiber;
(3) and (3) coating the prepared camouflage coating on the surface of the camouflage grey cloth prepared in the step (2) by a spraying or machine, coating a superimposed wave impedance matching and melting coating on the coating after the coating is cured, finally coating a three-color camouflage surface coating, and drying, cutting and weaving to form the multi-spectrum camouflage nets with different specifications.
6. The method for preparing a centimeter-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net according to claim 5, wherein the dual functional fibers and the polymer fibers in the step (2) are woven into camouflage grey cloth by a weaving method of weaving two fibers in the warp direction and two fibers in the weft direction respectively.
7. The method for preparing a centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light compatible camouflage net according to claim 5, wherein the polymer fiber in the step (2) is any one of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber and spandex fiber.
8. The method for preparing a camouflage net compatible with centimeter wave, millimeter wave, thermal infrared, near infrared and visible light, which is integrated according to claim 5, wherein the coating thickness of the camouflage paint on the surface of the camouflage gray fabric in the step (3) is 30-60 μm; the thickness of the coating of the superposition wave impedance matching melting coating is 30-50 mu m, and the thickness of the coating of the three-color camouflage top coating is 50-70 mu m.
9. The method for preparing a camouflage net compatible with centimeter wave-millimeter wave-thermal infrared-near infrared-visible light, according to claim 5, wherein the nano flaky transparent iron oxide and the nano flaky aluminum powder have an average particle size of 80 nm.
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