CN110816997B - 密封工具，包装机和用于包装产品的方法 - Google Patents

密封工具，包装机和用于包装产品的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110816997B
CN110816997B CN201910729515.8A CN201910729515A CN110816997B CN 110816997 B CN110816997 B CN 110816997B CN 201910729515 A CN201910729515 A CN 201910729515A CN 110816997 B CN110816997 B CN 110816997B
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China
Prior art keywords
sealing
sealing tool
inner part
pressure
packaging
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CN110816997A (zh
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安德里亚斯·马德尔
P·施拉德
拉斯·艾克特
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Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
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Multivac Sepp Haggenmueller GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/14—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by reciprocating or oscillating members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/02—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material between opposed webs
    • B65B9/04—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material between opposed webs one or both webs being formed with pockets for the reception of the articles, or of the quantities of material
    • B65B9/045—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material between opposed webs one or both webs being formed with pockets for the reception of the articles, or of the quantities of material for single articles, e.g. tablets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7451—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool the severing tool and the welding tool being movable with respect to one-another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/745—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool
    • B29C65/7461—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using a single unit having both a severing tool and a welding tool for making welds and cuts of other than simple rectilinear form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/024—Thermal pre-treatments
    • B29C66/0242—Heating, or preheating, e.g. drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B29C66/2424—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain
    • B29C66/24243—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral
    • B29C66/24244—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral forming a rectangle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8161—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8163—Self-aligning to the joining plane, e.g. mounted on a ball and socket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8221—Scissor or lever mechanisms, i.e. involving a pivot point
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • B29C66/82421—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives using an inflatable element positioned between the joining tool and a backing-up part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B29C66/83221—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/843—Machines for making separate joints at the same time in different planes; Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • B29C66/8432—Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9241—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B29C66/92431—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being kept constant over time
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9241—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • B29C66/92441—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B31/00—Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers
    • B65B31/02—Filling, closing, or filling and closing, containers or wrappers in chambers maintained under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure or containing a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas
    • B65B31/025—Filling, closing, or filling and closing, containers or wrappers in chambers maintained under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure or containing a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas specially adapted for rigid or semi-rigid containers
    • B65B31/028—Filling, closing, or filling and closing, containers or wrappers in chambers maintained under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure or containing a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas specially adapted for rigid or semi-rigid containers closed by a lid sealed to the upper rim of the container, e.g. tray-like container
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    • B65B61/04—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for severing webs, or for separating joined packages
    • B65B61/06—Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers or packages for severing webs, or for separating joined packages by cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65B7/162—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons by feeding web material to securing means
    • B65B7/164—Securing by heat-sealing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65B7/16—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
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    • B65B7/2842—Securing closures on containers
    • B65B7/2878—Securing closures on containers by heat-sealing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Closing Of Containers (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)

Abstract

密封工具，包装机和用于包装产品的方法。密封工具包括：具有外部部件和内部部件的密封工具上部部件，外部部件沿垂直方向关于内部部件移动；在密封工具上部部件下的具有密封面的密封工具下部部件。升降驱动装置使密封工具下部部件沿垂直方向从容纳位置移至密封位置以连接第一和第二包装部，在容纳位置中第一和第二包装部被引入密封工具下部部件和密封工具上部部件间。密封工具上部部件的内部部件包括上内部部件和关于垂直方向相对于上内部部件移动的下内部部件，在下内部部件处设有与密封工具下部部件的密封面共同密封作用的密封棱。在上内部部件中构造压力室，其在下面由薄膜界定，下内部部件在密封位置中压靠至薄膜，从而被施加密封压力。

Description

密封工具，包装机和用于包装产品的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及通过在密封工具中将第一包装部与第二包装部密封连接来封闭产品包装。
背景技术
实践中例如已知深冲包装机，在该深冲包装机中下薄膜带沿着运输方向依次地输送给不同的加工工位。首先在成型工位中通过深冲在下薄膜带中构造包装凹腔。然后沿着装料路径将待包装的产品装填到包装凹腔中。在后面的密封工位中，被填装的包装凹腔通过上膜的密封而封闭。这种情况可以在真空或保护气体气氛下实现，以提高例如在包装食品产品时的耐久性。
此外已知外壳封闭机，在该外壳封闭机中待填装的包装外壳(“托盘”)已经在预制的情况下被输送至包装机。例如该包装外壳通过合适的卸垛装置被卸到包装机的传送带上。包装外壳然后被运送至装料行程，在那里该包装外壳用待包装的产品填装。然后被填装的包装外壳在密封工位中通过施加上膜被封闭。
由DE 10 2011 105 513 A1已知用于外壳封闭机的密封工具。密封工具包括密封工具上部部件和位于其下的具有用于待封闭的外壳的容纳部的密封工具下部部件。密封工具上部部件包括外部部件和关于垂直方向可在外部部件中移动的内部部件。借助蜗杆传动，密封工具下部部件与容纳在其中的包装外壳一起向上移动至密封工具上部部件上。密封工具下部部件首先朝向通过弹簧元件挂在密封工具上部部件的外部部件的夹紧框行进，由此上膜被夹在密封工具上部部件和密封工具下部部件之间。如果密封工具下部部件进一步向上行进，则该密封工具下部部件朝向密封工具上部部件的内部部件的加热了的密封棱行进，由此包装外壳的凸缘和上膜被夹在密封棱与密封工具下部部件的密封面之间。在进一步提升密封工具下部部件时，密封工具上部部件的内部部件克服位于密封工具上部部件的内部部件和外部部件之间的弹簧的压力在密封工具上部部件的外部部件内向上被推至挡块中。在此，为了将上膜与包装外壳的凸缘密封地连接而施加密封压力。此外，在密封工具下部部件上升时，借助固定地安装在密封工具上部部件的外部部件上的刀具从薄膜复合材料切下包装。该系统的缺点是，密封力仅以显著的耗费单独地与各个密封过程匹配。此外，没有精确地限定密封力，并且该密封力也可能沿着密封缝的圆周改变，这一点可能导致密封的薄弱部位。
DE 10 2010 004 635 A1描述了用于深冲包装机的密封工具。该密封工具包括密封工具下部部件，其具有用于被填装的包装凹腔的容纳部。此外，设置密封工具上部部件，其包括外部部件和在外部部件中可竖直移动的内部部件，该内部部件具有实际的密封棱。在密封过程中首先提升密封工具下部部件，并且降低密封工具上部部件，以将下膜的包围包装凹腔的区域以及上膜夹在其间。然后，密封工具上部部件的内部部件和外部部件之间的、借助环形的密封垫圈密封的空间被加载压缩空气，从而内部部件在外部部件中向下移动，进而使加热的密封棱贴靠至包装处，并且建立相应的密封压力。密封工具上部部件的内部部件借助牵引弹簧或压力弹簧挂在外部，以便通过压力室中的压力实现内部部件在外部部件中的向下移动。产生的密封压力因此由压力室中建立的压力和牵引弹簧或压力弹簧的反压力的共同作用而得出。由此在该系统中证明了很难调节明确限定和均匀分布的密封压力。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，在密封工具中实现在密封地封闭包装时密封压力的尽量精确且可再现的可调节性。
该目的分别通过权利要求1和15的主题实现。从属权利要求给出本发明的有利的改进方案。
本发明提供一种用于通过将第一包装部与第二包装部密封地连接来封闭包装的密封工具。第一包装部例如可以是预制的包装外壳或构造在薄膜带中的包装凹腔。第二包装部可以包括例如上膜。密封工具包括密封工具上部部件和布置在密封工具上部部件下面的密封工具下部部件。密封工具上部部件具有用于与密封工具下部部件的密封面以密封的方式共同作用的密封棱。此外，密封工具包括升降驱动装置，其配置成，使密封工具下部部件沿着垂直方向从容纳位置移动至密封位置中。在容纳位置中，第一包装部和第二包装部能被引入密封工具下部部件和密封工具上部部件之间。在密封位置中，密封工具下部部件和密封工具上部部件共同作用以将第一包装部与第二包装部密封地连接。为了使密封更容易，密封面和/或密封棱例如是可加热的。还可以考虑，第一包装部和/或第二包装部已经在密封前被充分加热。
密封工具上部部件包括外部部件和布置在外部部件中的内部部件。外部部件关于垂直方向可相对于内部部件移动。密封工具上部部件的内部部件包括上内部部件和关于垂直方向可相对于上内部部件移动的下内部部件，在下内部部件处设有密封棱。在上内部部件中构造有压力室，所述压力室在下面由薄膜界定。在密封位置中，下内部部件压靠至薄膜，由此被施加密封压力。
如果密封工具下部部件通过升降驱动装置被提升至密封位置中，则下内部部件压靠至薄膜。产生的密封压力仅基于压力室中存在的压力而得出，因此能可再现且简单地进行调节。因为压力室构造在密封工具上部部件的上内部部件中，所以密封压力与在密封位置中密封工具上部部件的内部部件与外部部件之间的相对位置无关。通过借助薄膜的力传递使得密封力特别均匀地沿着密封棱分布。
优选地设有调压器，其配置为用于调节压力室中的压力。密封压力可以因此根据不同的应用单独地进行匹配。还可以考虑，借助调压器在到达密封位置之后升高压力室中的压力，以实现更高的密封压力。如果在到达密封位置之后才施加更高的压力，压力不会针对密封工具下部部件进入密封位置的提升起作用，从而减轻升降驱动装置的负荷。
升降驱动装置可以包括例如蜗杆传动机构或曲柄驱动机构。当曲柄驱动机构运行使得其在密封位置达到其止点(在止点中曲柄驱动抵抗密封压力而稳定)时，曲柄驱动机构是特别适合的。
优选地，密封工具上部部件的上内部部件是位置固定的。如果上内部部件是位置固定的，设置在其中的压力室也是位置固定的。则密封结果的可再现性与密封工具上部部件的内部部件和外部部件之间的相对位置无关。此外，密封工具上部部件的位置固定的上内部部件可以在其姿态和位置上特别好地被稳定。
优选地，对于沿着垂直方向相对于上内部部件的移动，必要时有间隙地引导下内部部件。该间隙用于使密封压力均匀地沿着密封棱分布。
优选地，下内部部件能够至少在限定的角范围内进行倾斜运动。这种情况还用于密封压力沿着密封棱自由和均匀的分布。
下内部部件可以包括头元件，所述头元件至少部分地被容纳在容纳室中，该容纳室在所述上内部部件中位于所述压力室之下。头元件可以设计成在密封位置中压靠至薄膜且进而传递密封压力。
优选地，头元件构至少基本上造成蘑菇状。也就是说，头元件具有柄区域和与柄区域相比加宽的头区域。炳区域也可以通过向下的开口从容纳室突出。加宽的头区域可以通过容纳室的壁保持在容纳室中，该壁界定开口。在这种设计方案中不需要头元件的额外的引导，从而其姿态可以相对自由地匹配于存在的压力比，且进而实现密封压力的均匀传递。头元件通过头区域防止从容纳室掉落。
根据一种实施方式，下内部部件还包括布置在头元件下面的中间元件和布置在中间元件下面的末端元件，其包括密封棱。头元件、中间元件和末端元件能关于垂直方向相对于彼此移动。原则上可以考虑下述情况，下内部部件的两个或全部的元件，即头元件、中间元件和/或末端元件彼此构造成一体。当至少头元件单独构造时，密封力却通常更均匀地被传递。
优选地在密封工具上部部件的下内部部件处设有用于在密封期间沿着包装轮廓切割包装的切割刀。由此不必设置一个单独的切割工位。上膜可以在无需额外的费用的情况下在密封时同时被切下。切割刀例如可以固定地或可移动地安装在下内部部件的中间元件处。
优选地，仅在沿着切割刀的圆周的多个单独位置处分别设置位于切割刀的内侧与内部部件、尤其是下内部部件的末端元件之间的引导元件。通过仅在多个单独位置处、而不是环绕地设置引导元件，内部部件具有间隙，以匹配于当前的压力比。
根据一种实施方式，切割刀可以克服预紧元件向上移动至中间元件。在这种情况下，刀可以尤其是在容纳位置中比下内部部件的末端元件更远地向下突出。替选地例如可以考虑，末端元件逆着预紧元件向上移动到中间元件上。在这种情况下，末端元件向下突出超过切割刀。尤其地，该切割刀可以固定地安装在中间元件处。
优选地，仅在沿着密封工具上部部件的圆周的多个单独位置处分别设置位于外部部件的内壁和内部部件和/或切割刀之间的引导元件。由于仅在多个单独位置处进行引导，内部部件可以使其姿态良好地匹配于当前存在的压力比。
优选地，引导元件相对于外部部件有间隙地对内部部件进行引导。
本发明还涉及具有所述密封工具的包装机。原则上包装机包括唯一一个这种密封工具是足够的。然而优选地，包装机包括多个这种密封工具，从而多个包装可以被同时加工。在设有多个密封工具的情况下，密封工具的压力室优选地如此互相连接，即在压力室之间建立压力平衡。由此可以实现在同时加工包装时分别存在相同的密封压力。包装机尤其是深冲包装机或外壳封闭机。
本发明还涉及用于借助所述密封工具或所述包装机来包装产品的方法。根据本方法，第一包装部和第二包装部在容纳位置中被引入密封工具下部部件和密封工具上部部件之间。借助升降驱动装置将密封工具下部部件从容纳位置移动至密封位置。在此，密封工具下部部件首先朝着密封工具上部部件的外部部件行进，并且其克服预紧垂直向上推动所述外部部件。然后，密封工具下部部件朝着密封工具上部部件的下内部部件行进，并且使下内部部件压靠至薄膜，所述薄膜在下面界定压力室。
优选地，在达到密封位置之后主动地升高压力室中的压力。
附图说明
下面借助实施例参考附图对本发明进行详细阐述。其中：
图1示出了具有两个根据实施方式的密封工具的包装机的示意性俯视图；
图2以穿过密封工具的截面图示出了在根据一种实施方式的密封工具运行时在时间上相继发生的运行状态的序列；和
图3示出了切割刀在密封工具上部部件的下内部部件处的安装的不同示例性变型。
具体实施方式
图1以示意性的俯视图示出了具有密封工位3的包装机1，其包括两个根据本发明的密封工具5。在示出的变型中，包装机1为外壳封闭机。还可考虑下述情况，密封工具5可用在其它包装机1、尤其是深冲包装机中。
包装机1包括用于将预制的包装外壳9从外壳堆叠11卸到传送带13上的卸垛设备7。传送带13将包装外壳9沿着运输方向T运送至装料区域15，在该处包装外壳9自动地或手动地以待包装的产品填装。然后被填装的包装外壳9被继续运送至密封工位3。在那里该包装外壳9通过上膜21的密封被封闭。然后完成的包装可以通过另一个传送带15被运走。
在图1中示出的包装机1包括两条道，包装在该道上平行地被加工。因此，密封工位3也包括两个平行工作的密封工具5。但是还可考虑下述情况，包装机1具有仅一个道，并且由此例如具有一个密封工具5，或考虑设置多于两个的密封工具5。
图2以通过密封工具5的截面图示出了密封工具5的在密封过程中在时间上相继发生的运行状态的序列。密封工具5包括密封工具上部部件17和密封工具下部部件19，它们共同起作用以通过将包装外壳9(第一包装部)与上膜21(第二包装部)密封连接来封闭包装。密封工具下部部件19包括用于容纳被填装的包装外壳9的外壳容纳部23。包装外壳9的凸缘25环绕地贴靠在密封工具下部部件19的密封面27上。
密封工具上部部件17包括外部部件29，其在示出的实施方式中构造成双件式(下外部部件29a和上外部部件29b)，但也可以构造成单件式。外部部件29设置为可相对于固定结构31克服预紧元件33的预紧垂直向上移动。此外，在示出的实施方式中，外部部件29的下部部件29a相对于外部部件29的上部部件29b能向上可移动，直至其行进贴靠外部部件29的上部部件29b。
密封工具上部部件17还包括内部部件35，其布置在外部部件29中。内部部件35包括上内部部件37，其固定地、即位置固定地安装在固定结构31上。此外，内部部件35包括下内部部件39，其在示出的实施方式中构造成三件式。下内部部件39包括头元件39a，布置在头元件下面的中间元件39b和布置在中间元件39b下面的末端元件39c。下内部部件39沿着垂直的方向可相对于上内部部件37移动。此外，在示出的实施方式中，头元件39a、中间元件39b和末端元件39c沿着垂直的方向可相对于彼此移动。
在上内部部件37中设有压力室41，其在下面由薄膜43界定。如图1中所示，压力室41与调压器45连接，该调压器可以调节压力室41内的压力。当设有多个密封工具5时，密封工具5的压力室41分别互相连接，由此在压力室41之间建立压力平衡。
下内部部件39的头元件39a基本上构造成蘑菇状，并且包括柄区域47和与柄区域47相比构造成加宽的头区域49。在示出的变型中，头区域49在俯视图中构造成圆形。但是本发明不局限于此，也可以考虑头区域49的其它形状，例如三角形、矩形或多边形。头区域49容纳在容纳室51中，容纳室在上内部部件37中位于压力室41之下。柄区域47通过向下的开口从容纳室51突出。通过界定容纳室51的开口的壁将加宽的头区域49保持在容纳室51中。
下内部部件39的中间元件39b设置在头元件39a的下面，并且可垂直向上移动至头元件处。在图2中示出的实施方式中，用于在密封期间沿着包装轮廓切割包装的切割刀53固定地安装在中间元件39b处。下内部部件39的末端元件39c设置在中间元件39b的下面，并且可向上移动至该中间元件上。末端元件39c包括密封棱55，其与密封工具下部部件19的密封面27共同作用以构成密封缝。在示出的实施方式中，在中间元件39b和末端元件39c之间设置至少一个在此为弹簧元件形式的预紧元件57。
密封工具5此外还包括升降驱动装置59，其设计成，使得密封工具下部部件19沿着垂直方向在容纳位置(在图2的部分A中示出)和密封位置(在图2的部分C中示出)之间移动。在图2的部分A中示出的容纳位置中，密封工具下部部件19和密封工具上部部件17沿着垂直方向彼此间隔开。包装外壳9和上膜21被引入密封工具下部部件19和密封工具上部部件17之间。然后升降驱动装置59使密封工具下部部件19垂直向上移动至图2的部分B中示出的中间位置内。在此，密封工具下部部件19首先朝着密封工具上部部件17的外部部件29的下部部件29a行进。在外部部件29的下部部件29a的下面设置环形的定心突起61，该定心突起接合到沿着密封工具下部部件19的圆周环绕的定心槽63中。在此，密封工具上部部件17的外部部件29和密封工具下部部件19可以沿着水平线相对于彼此对齐，因为密封工具上部部件17的外部部件29仅在特定的点处借助引导元件65相对于切割刀53引导并且因此对于在水平平面中的移动具有某种自由度。密封工具下部部件19向上推动密封工具上部部件17的外部部件29的下部部件29a，直至其与外部部件29的上部部件29b接触。密封工具上部部件17的外部部件29和密封工具下部部件19现在构成封闭的腔室，密封工具上部部件17的内部部件35以及包装外壳9连同上膜21的位于包装外壳上面的区域位于该腔室的内部。该室可以在需要时被抽真空和/或以保护气体填装。
如果密封工具下部部件19从在图2的部分B中示出的中间位置通过升降驱动装置59继续向上移动，则克服预紧元件33向上推动密封工具上部部件17的外部部件29。这种情况相当于密封工具上部部件17的外部部件29和内部部件35之间的相对移动。最终，密封工具下部部件19在密封面27的区域内行进到密封工具上部部件17的内部部件39的末端元件39c上、尤其到密封棱55上，且末端元件39c克服预紧元件57向上被推至内部部件39的中间元件39b。在该运动中，切割刀53进入密封工具下部部件19的相应的切割槽67中，并且沿着包装轮廓切割包装。内部部件39的末端元件39c相对于切割刀53的运动仅在沿着切割刀53的圆周的多个单独位置处借助引导元件69来引导。因此末端元件39c具有用以适合地对齐的自由度。
在末端元件39c行进到中间元件39b上之后，密封工具下部部件19通过升降驱动装置59继续向上移动直至在图2的部分C中示出的密封位置。在此，中间元件39b行进到头元件39a上，并且朝着薄膜43向上推动该头元件。优选地，升降驱动装置59构造成肘杆机构。在该情况下密封位置相应于升降驱动装置59的止点位置，使得提升位置在密封位置中是特别固定的。
在密封工具下部部件19从容纳位置行进至密封位置期间，在压力室41中可以存在恒定的、通过调压器45调节的压力。在密封位置中作用于密封棱55的密封力与该压力相关。根据一种简单的实施方式，在压力室41中的压力保持恒定。根据另一种实施方式，在到达密封位置之后可以提高该压力，以实现更高的密封力。在提高压力之前，密封工具下部部件19可被锁定在密封位置中，从而升降驱动装置59不必抵抗被提高的压力。如果升降驱动装置59构造成肘杆机构，则当肘杆机构在密封位置中位于止点时可自动地实现在密封位置中的锁定。但是也可以考虑：设置用于锁定密封工具下部部件19的单独的防护措施。在实现密封之后，密封工具下部部件19可以通过升降驱动装置59再次向下行进，由此可以取出被封闭的包装。
在图3中示出了切割刀53的安装的不同变型方案。在图3的部分A中示出的变型方案基本上相应于图2中的情况。切割刀53在此与下内部部件39的中间元件39b固定地连接，并且下内部部件39的末端元件39c可以克服预紧元件57移动到中间元件39b上。在容纳位置中，切割刀53不向下突出超过末端元件39c。
图3的部分B示出了另一种变型方案，在该变型方案中切割刀53垂直可移动地安装在中间元件39b处。切割刀53可以克服预紧元件71的预紧朝向中间元件39b移动。在容纳位置中，切割刀53向下突出超过末端元件39c。
图3的部分C示出了另一种变型方案，在该变型方案中切割刀53固定地安装在中间元件39b上。切割刀53可以在容纳位置中向下突出超过末端元件39c。

Claims (16)

1.密封工具(5)，其用于通过将第一包装部(9)与第二包装部(21)密封地连接来封闭包装，包括：
具有外部部件(29)和布置在所述外部部件(29)中的内部部件(35)的密封工具上部部件(17)，其中所述外部部件(29)关于垂直方向能相对于所述内部部件(35)移动；
布置在所述密封工具上部部件(17)下面的、具有密封面(27)的密封工具下部部件(19)；和
升降驱动装置(59)，所述升降驱动装置配置成，使所述密封工具下部部件(19)沿着垂直方向从容纳位置移动至用于通过所述密封工具下部部件(19)和所述密封工具上部部件(17)的共同作用而将所述第一包装部(9)与所述第二包装部(21)连接的密封位置，在所述容纳位置中所述第一包装部(9)与所述第二包装部(21)能够被引入所述密封工具下部部件(19)和所述密封工具上部部件(17)之间，
其特征在于，
所述密封工具上部部件(17)的所述内部部件(35)包括上内部部件(37)和关于垂直方向能相对于所述上内部部件(37)移动的下内部部件(39)，其中在所述下内部部件(39)处设有用于与所述密封工具下部部件(19)的所述密封面(27)以密封的方式共同作用的密封棱(55)，
其中在所述上内部部件(37)中构造有压力室(41)，所述压力室在下面由薄膜(43)界定，其中所述下内部部件(39)在所述密封位置中被压靠至所述薄膜(43)，从而被施加密封压力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的密封工具，其特征在于，所述密封工具还包括调压器(45)，所述调压器配置为用于调节所述压力室(41)中的压力。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的密封工具，其特征在于，所述上内部部件(37)是位置固定的。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的密封工具，其特征在于，对于沿着垂直方向相对于所述上内部部件(37)的移动，必要时有间隙地引导所述下内部部件(39)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的密封工具，其特征在于，所述下内部部件(39)能够至少在限定的角范围内进行倾斜运动。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的密封工具，其特征在于，所述下内部部件(39)包括头元件(39a)，所述头元件至少部分地被容纳在容纳室(51)中，所述容纳室在所述上内部部件(37)中位于所述压力室(41)之下。
7.根据权利要求6所述的密封工具，其特征在于，所述下内部部件(39)的所述头元件(39a)基本上构造成蘑菇状，其中所述头元件(39a)的柄区域(47)通过向下的开口从所述容纳室(51)突出，并且所述头元件(39a)的与所述柄区域(47)相比加宽的头区域(49)通过所述容纳室(51)的界定所述开口的壁保持在所述容纳室(51)中。
8.根据权利要求6所述的密封工具，其特征在于，所述下内部部件(39)还包括布置在所述头元件(39a)下面的中间元件(39b)和布置在所述中间元件(39b)下面的末端元件(39c)，所述末端元件包括所述密封棱(55)，其中所述头元件、所述中间元件(39b)和所述末端元件(39c)关于垂直方向能相对于彼此移动。
9.根据权利要求8所述的密封工具，其特征在于，在所述下内部部件(39)处设有用于在密封期间沿着包装轮廓切割所述包装的切割刀(53)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的密封工具，其特征在于，仅在沿着所述切割刀(53)的圆周的多个单独位置处分别设置位于所述切割刀(53)的内侧和所述内部部件(35)之间的引导元件(69)。
11.根据权利要求9所述的密封工具，其特征在于，所述切割刀(53)或所述末端元件(39c)能克服预紧元件(57、71)向上移动至所述中间元件(39b)。
12.根据权利要求1或2所述的密封工具，其特征在于，仅在沿着所述密封工具上部部件(17)的圆周的多个单独位置处分别设置位于所述外部部件(29)的内壁和所述内部部件(35)之间的引导元件(65)。
13.根据权利要求12所述的密封工具，其特征在于，所述引导元件(65)相对于所述外部部件(29)有间隙地对所述内部部件(35)进行引导。
14.包装机(1)，其具有一个或多个根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的密封工具(5)，其特征在于，在设有多个密封工具(5)的情况下将所述密封工具(5)的所述压力室(41)互相连接，由此在所述压力室(41)之间建立压力平衡。
15.用于包装产品的方法，其用于借助根据权利要求1至13中任一项所述的密封工具(5)或借助根据权利要求14所述的包装机(1)包装产品，包括：
在容纳位置中将第一包装部(9)和第二包装部(21)引入所述密封工具下部部件(19)与所述密封工具上部部件(17)之间；
借助所述升降驱动装置(59)将所述密封工具下部部件(19)从所述容纳位置移动至所述密封位置，其中所述密封工具下部部件(19)首先朝着所述密封工具上部部件(17)的所述外部部件(29)行进，并且其克服预紧垂直向上移动，然后所述密封工具下部部件(19)朝着所述密封工具上部部件(17)的所述下内部部件(35)行进，并且所述下内部部件被压靠至薄膜(43)，所述薄膜在下面界定所述压力室(41)。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，在达到所述密封位置之后主动地升高所述压力室(41)中的压力。
CN201910729515.8A 2018-08-09 2019-08-08 密封工具，包装机和用于包装产品的方法 Active CN110816997B (zh)

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