CN110814147B - Large-size plate forming device and method with conformal combined coils - Google Patents
Large-size plate forming device and method with conformal combined coils Download PDFInfo
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- CN110814147B CN110814147B CN201910931576.2A CN201910931576A CN110814147B CN 110814147 B CN110814147 B CN 110814147B CN 201910931576 A CN201910931576 A CN 201910931576A CN 110814147 B CN110814147 B CN 110814147B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-size plate forming device and method with shape-following combined coils. The invention can improve the deformation uniformity, the forming quality and the forming efficiency of the plate material, and can form the annular coil structure with different diameters by the splicing combined coil, thereby avoiding the problem that a plurality of sets of coils arranged along with the shape need to be manufactured at present, further greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of the coil, being suitable for a plurality of electromagnetic forming processes of drawing-then-discharging or discharging-then-drawing, and improving the processing flexibility and the application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material processing and forming, in particular to a large-size plate forming device and method with a shape-following combined coil.
Background
With the rapid development of high and new technology industries such as aerospace and the like, large-scale integral thin-wall shells with very remarkable structural benefits are urgently needed to be adopted in advanced airplanes, spacecrafts, rockets and missiles so as to reduce the mass and improve the integral performances such as the bearing capacity limit and the voyage of a carrier. Parts with large size, thin wall, light weight, high precision, high strength and good fatigue resistance are typical representatives of the parts, such as large storage tank heads of spacecrafts, cruise missile cabins, hoods of airplanes and spacecrafts, auxiliary fuel tanks, engine casings and the like.
At present, the plastic forming method of the large-size plate-shaped component mainly comprises the following steps: spinning and forming and hydro-mechanical drawing of the plate. The parameters of the largest 1000KN vertical spinning equipment in China are reported as follows: the floor area is 18m multiplied by 20m, the height is 13m, and the diameter of the machinable part can reach 2.6m at most. The 150MN double-acting plate hydraulic forming equipment with the maximum tonnage in the world has the height of 19.5m and the size of a working table top of 4.5m multiplied by 4.5 m. The equipment is capable of machining parts with a maximum dimension of less than 3.5m, taking into account the pressing edge. Therefore, the equipment required for forming the large-size plate-shaped member is huge at present, but the size of the formed part is still limited.
In the patent "a work piece electromagnetic incremental forming device and method with coils arranged along with shape", the technology of alternative forming of drawing-then electromagnetic forming is adopted by the dawn and the like, the coils arranged along with shape are arranged on different height layers of the drawn sheet material, and the uniform deformation of the sheet material of different height layers is realized. Finally, the integral uniform deformation of the plate is realized. However, this technique has the following problems: (1) aiming at the specific mould surface and the surface of the sheet material after stretch forming, a set of coils are required to be arranged along with the shape, so that the method has poor flexibility and narrow application range; (2) the coil structure is tower-shaped and is suitable for sheet forming which is pulled to form a certain inclined plane. The forming method is not suitable for forming the plate with the horizontal surface; (3) the main deformation of the part is carried out by drawing, the electromagnetic forming mainly carries out small-range shape correction and die pasting deformation, and the advantage that the electromagnetic forming improves the forming limit of the part cannot be fully played.
In the patent "electromagnetic grading forming method and forming device for large parts", the alternative forming method of first electromagnetic forming and then drawing is proposed by the dawn of dawn. Because the coil is of a horizontal structure, the coil is easy to process and has a long service life. The forming die can be suitable for forming parts with different diameters and different curvatures, and has wide application range. However, this method has the following problems: (1) forming large parts still requires the machining of multiple sets of coils of different diameters. With the increase of the diameter of the coil, the processing difficulty and the cost of the coil are greatly improved; (2) after each layer of the coil is discharged, the plate is difficult to be completely attached to the die. The lack of lamination of each layer results in a low quality of the finished part. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a sizing process at the end of the part formation. But the shaping difficulty is high; (3) the discharge coil is of a horizontal structure and is suitable for the situation that the plate can be leveled after discharge. The method is difficult to be applied to the condition that the panel veneer can not be leveled or does not need to be leveled after discharging, so the adaptability is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-size plate forming device and method provided with a conformal combined coil, so that the problems are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention firstly discloses a large-size plate forming device provided with shape-following combined coils, which comprises a die, a supporting plate for supporting a plate above the die, a pressing plate for pressing the plate on the supporting plate, and a plurality of combined coils, wherein the combined coils are distributed above the plate in a shape-following manner, and the combined coils are arranged along the circumferential direction of the die to form a circumferential coil structure with different diameters.
Furthermore, the combined coil comprises a main forming coil and a transition coil, the length of the main forming coil is greater than that of the transition coil, the transition coil is arranged in a gap between the two main forming coils, and the main forming coil and the transition coil form closed annular coils with different diameters.
Further, the closed loop coil is arranged to rotate relative to the central axis of the mold.
Further, the combined coil comprises a plurality of identical main forming coils, and the main forming coils are arranged along the circumferential gap of the die to form discontinuous annular coils with different diameters.
Further, the discontinuous annular coil is arranged to rotate relative to the central axis of the die.
Further, any of the combined coils is configured to translate and rotate relative to the mold.
The invention further discloses a large-size plate forming method, which comprises the large-size plate forming device provided with the shape-following combined coil, and comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the plate on the supporting plate, and driving the pressing plate to press the plate above the die;
s2, splicing the multiple combined coils to form an annular coil structure with a first diameter;
s3, controlling the synchronous discharge of the multiple combined coils to enable the plate to be attached to the die;
s4, repeating the step S2 to form a circumferential coil structure with a second diameter, and then executing the step S3;
and S5, repeating the steps S2-S4 until the sheet forming is finished.
Further, after the step S3, the ring is rotated by a certain angle for multiple times to discharge again so that the sheet material is deformed uniformly.
Further, when the combined coil is translated to be parallel to the die, after S3, the plate and the die are driven to move relatively, so that the plate is formed by pulling and pressing.
Further, when the combined coil rotates to be obliquely arranged relative to the die, the plate and the die are driven to move relative to each other before S3, so that the plate is formed by drawing and pressing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention can improve the deformation uniformity, the forming quality and the forming efficiency of the plate material, and can form the annular coil structure with different diameters by the splicing combined coil, thereby avoiding the problem that a plurality of sets of coils arranged along with the shape need to be manufactured at present, further greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of the coil, being suitable for a plurality of electromagnetic forming processes of drawing-then-discharging or discharging-then-drawing, and improving the processing flexibility and the application range.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an Nth laminate being flattened by a discharge-first and stretch-forming process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sheet material deformed after discharging of the Nth coil layer by adopting a first discharging and second drawing process, but the sheet material and a die are not attached to each other;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a plate and a die attached by discharging first and then drawing a shape by a process, discharging again by an Nth layer of rotating coil;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the (N + 1) th layer of plate material being flattened by a discharge-first and stretch-forming process;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sheet material deformed after discharge of the (N + 1) th layer of coils by a discharge-first and stretch-forming process, but the sheet material and a die are not attached to each other;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the discharge-first and stretch-second process, in which the (N + 1) th coil is discharged again, but the sheet is attached to the die;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an Nth layer of combined coils, wherein the combined coils are formed into a closed structure by a main deformation coil and a transition coil;
FIG. 8 shows the combined coil at the Nth layer rotated by a certain angle, wherein the combined coil is a closed structure formed by a main deformation coil and a transition coil;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a combined coil at the N +1 th layer, wherein the combined coil is a closed structure formed by a main deformation coil and a transition coil;
FIG. 10 shows the combined coil at the N +1 th layer rotated by a certain angle, wherein the combined coil is a closed structure formed by a main deformation coil and a transition coil;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an Nth layer of assembled coils which are distributed by the main deformation coil in a scattering manner according to a certain angle and diameter;
FIG. 12 shows the combined coils at the Nth layer rotated by a certain angle, and the combined coils are scattered and distributed by the main deformation coil according to a certain angle and diameter;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the combined coils at the N +1 th layer, wherein the combined coils are scattered and distributed by the main deformation coil according to a certain angle and diameter;
FIG. 14 is a view showing that the combined coils at the N +1 th layer are rotated by a certain angle, and the combined coils are scattered and distributed by the main deformation coil according to a certain angle and diameter;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a first drawing and then discharging process, a first layer of plate material being bent and a combined coil being rotated by a certain angle;
fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a 2 nd layer of plate material being stretch-bent and the combined coil being rotated by a certain angle by using a stretch-forming and then discharging process.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. a mold; 2. pressing a plate; 3. a support plate; 4. a combined coil; 5. a plate material; 6. a primary forming coil; 7. a transition coil; 8. a central shaft; 9. a closed loop coil; 10. an interrupted loop coil.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
As shown in fig. 1-16, the embodiment of the invention firstly discloses a large-size plate forming device with shape-following combined coils, which comprises a die 1, a supporting plate 3 for supporting a plate 5 above the die 1, and a pressing plate 2 for pressing the plate 5 on the supporting plate 3, wherein the pressing plate 2 can be clamped by a hydraulic oil cylinder, meanwhile, the supporting plate 3 and the die 1 can move relatively to draw and press for deformation, and can also be driven by the hydraulic oil cylinder to move up and down, the device also comprises a plurality of combined coils 4, the combined coils 4 are arc-shaped sectional structures, the combined coils 4 are distributed above the plate 5 in a shape-following manner, the combined coils 4 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the die 1 to form annular coil structures with different diameters, and when in specific use, the device can be assembled by the combined coils 4, thereby avoiding the problem that a plurality of sets of shape-following coils need to be manufactured, and further the manufacturing cost of the coil can be greatly reduced.
In this embodiment, the combined coil 4 includes a main forming coil 6 and a transition coil 7, the length of the main forming coil 6 is greater than that of the transition coil 7, the transition coil 7 is disposed in a gap between the two main forming coils 6, so as to avoid the inconsistency between the deformation of the gap between the two main forming coils 6 and the deformation of the main forming coil 6 facing the sheet 5, and the main forming coil 6 and the transition coil 7 are combined together according to a certain diameter (or profile) to be formed to form a closed annular coil 9 with different diameters. Further, the combined closed loop coil 9 may not be a complete circle or a structure having a completely consistent profile with the panel 5, so in this embodiment, the closed loop coil 9 is configured to rotate relative to the central axis 8 of the mold 1, and after one-time discharging, the closed loop coil 9 is discharged again by rotating a certain angle, and the problem of uniformity of deformation of the panel 5 is solved by discharging for many times.
In the present embodiment, the combined coil 4 includes a plurality of identical main forming coils 6, the main forming coils 6 are arranged along the circumferential gap of the mold 1 to form discontinuous annular coils 10 with different diameters, which results in a certain gap between the main forming coils 6, and although the sheet 5 corresponding to the gap is deformed by the deformation of the surrounding material, the deformation amount at the gap is not the same as the deformation amount at the position where the main forming coil 6 faces the sheet 5. Therefore, similarly, the discontinuous annular coil 10 is arranged to rotate relative to the central shaft 8 of the die 1, and after the main forming coil 6 discharges once, the discontinuous annular coil 10 can rotate for a certain angle to discharge again, and similarly, the deformation uniformity of the plate 5 is improved by discharging for multiple times.
In this embodiment, any combined coil 4 is configured to be able to translate and rotate relative to the mold 1, so that when the combined coil 4 is translated, the annular coil structures with different diameters can be obtained, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the annular coil structures. When the combined coil 4 is rotated, the previously bent sheet 5 can be corrected. Thereby improving the deformation uniformity of each layer of the plate 5. The high quality deformation of each layer is finally added up to the high quality deformation of the whole sheet 5. No matter how large the diameter of the area to be deformed, the combined coil 4 discharges once to realize the integral deformation of the same layer of plate 5, so the forming efficiency of the plate 5 is high.
The invention further discloses a large-size plate forming method, the large-size plate forming device provided with the conformal combined coil comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the plate 5 on the supporting plate 3, and driving the pressing plate 2 to press the plate 5 above the die 1, so that the plate 5 is clamped and fixed;
s2, splicing the plurality of combined coils 4 to form a circumferential coil structure with a first diameter;
s3, controlling the synchronous discharge of the combined coils 4 to ensure that the plate 5 is attached to the die 1;
s4, repeating the step S2 to form a circumferential coil structure with a second diameter, specifically, the second diameter is larger than the first diameter, so that the plate 5 is gradually attached to the mold 1 from inside to outside, and then executing the step S3;
and S5, repeating the steps S2-S4 until the forming of the plate 5 is finished.
In this embodiment, after step S3, the ring is rotated by a certain angle for several times to discharge again, and the shape of the sheet 5 that has been bent before may be corrected, so that the sheet 5 deforms uniformly.
In this embodiment, when the combined coil 4 is translated to be parallel to the die 1 (rotated around the central axis 8 of the die 1), after S3, the sheet 5 and the die 1 are driven to move relatively, so that the sheet 5 is formed by drawing and pressing.
In this embodiment, when the combined coil 4 rotates to be disposed obliquely with respect to the die 1, before S3, the sheet and the die are driven to move relatively, so that the sheet is formed by drawing and pressing.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A large-size plate forming device with shape-following combined coils comprises a die (1), a supporting plate (3) for supporting a plate (5) above the die (1), and a pressing plate (2) for pressing the plate (5) on the supporting plate (3), and is characterized by further comprising a plurality of combined coils (4) for electromagnetic forming of the plate (5), wherein the combined coils (4) are distributed above the plate (5) in a shape-following manner, the combined coils (4) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the die (1) to form annular coil structures with different diameters, the combined coils (4) comprise a plurality of main forming coils (6) distributed in an annular manner, the main forming coils (6) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the die (1) in a clearance manner to form discontinuous annular coils (10) with different diameters, the discontinuous annular coil (10) is arranged to be rotatable relative to the central axis (8) of the mould (1).
2. The large-size sheet forming apparatus provided with conformal composite coils according to claim 1, wherein the composite coil (4) further comprises a transition coil (7), the length of the main forming coil (6) is greater than the length of the transition coil (7), the transition coil (7) is arranged in a gap between two main forming coils (6), and the main forming coil (6) and the transition coil (7) form a closed annular coil (9) with different diameters.
3. The large-size sheet forming apparatus with conformal combined coils according to claim 2, wherein the closed annular coil (9) is arranged to rotate relative to the central shaft (8) of the mold (1).
4. A large-size sheet forming apparatus provided with conformal composite coils according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein any one of the composite coils (4) is arranged to be able to translate and rotate relative to the mold (1).
5. A method for forming large-size plate materials, which is characterized by comprising the large-size plate material forming device provided with the conformal combined coil in any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, placing the plate (5) on the supporting plate (3), and driving the pressing plate (2) to press the plate (5) above the die (1);
s2, splicing a plurality of combined coils (4) to form a circumferential coil structure with a first diameter;
s3, controlling the plurality of combined coils (4) to discharge synchronously, and enabling the plate (5) to be attached to the die (1);
s4, repeating the step S2 to form a circumferential coil structure with a second diameter, and then executing the step S3;
and S5, repeating the steps S2-S4 until the forming of the plate (5) is finished.
6. The large-size sheet forming method according to claim 5, wherein after the step S3, the circular coil structure is rotated a certain angle for discharging again for uniformly deforming the sheet (5).
7. The large-size sheet forming method according to claim 5, wherein when the combined coil (4) is translated to be arranged parallel to the die (1), after the step S3, the sheet (5) and the die (1) are driven to move relatively, so that the sheet (5) is formed by drawing and pressing.
8. The large-size sheet forming method according to claim 5, wherein when the combined coil (4) rotates to be obliquely arranged relative to the die (1), the sheet (5) and the die (1) are driven to relatively displace before the step S3, so that the sheet (5) is formed by drawing and pressing.
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| CN201910931576.2A CN110814147B (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Large-size plate forming device and method with conformal combined coils |
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| CN112605221A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-06 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | Electromagnetic forming method based on multiple coils |
| CN115430876B (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-21 | 天津天锻航空科技有限公司 | Composite forming method and forming system based on liquid-filling forming and electrochemical machining |
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| CN108856444A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-23 | 中南大学 | A kind of workpiece electromagnetism progressive molding device and method equipped with profile-followed arrangement coil |
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2019
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| EP1563924A1 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2005-08-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Process for producing tubular ring with beads and die for use therein |
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