CN112605221A - Electromagnetic forming method based on multiple coils - Google Patents
Electromagnetic forming method based on multiple coils Download PDFInfo
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- CN112605221A CN112605221A CN202011498483.4A CN202011498483A CN112605221A CN 112605221 A CN112605221 A CN 112605221A CN 202011498483 A CN202011498483 A CN 202011498483A CN 112605221 A CN112605221 A CN 112605221A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
Abstract
The invention provides an electromagnetic forming method based on multiple coils, which comprises a forming coil, a blank holder and a female die, wherein a plate to be formed is placed between the blank holder and the female die, the forming coil is arranged above the plate to be formed, and the forming coils are at least three and have the same or different sizes and are respectively arranged on the surfaces of corresponding areas of the plate to be deformed; a capacitor is connected between the plurality of forming coils in a series mode or a parallel mode or each forming coil is independently connected. During electromagnetic forming, determining a discharge pass according to the forming depth of a part; and adjusting the size, the geometric position and the discharge parameters of each corresponding forming coil according to the target profile before each pass of discharge until the forming of the plate is completed. The invention solves the problems of uneven and smooth geometric shape and uneven thickness distribution of the plate material after electromagnetic forming and avoids excessive thinning in the electromagnetic forming.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal forming manufacturing, in particular to an electromagnetic forming method based on multiple coils.
Background
The electromagnetic forming technology is a high-energy-rate forming technology, and the principle of the electromagnetic forming technology is that repulsive force received by electromagnetic induction is utilized to enable a metal blank to generate plastic deformation deviating from a forming coil, so that the blank is formed into a component with a specific shape and size. The electromagnetic forming can improve the forming limit of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and titanium alloy plates at normal temperature and reduce the problem of resilience in the forming of the aluminum alloy, the magnesium alloy and the titanium alloy. And the electromagnetic forming process does not need lubrication, the die is simple, and the energy consumption is high. Therefore, the electromagnetic forming technology is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, aviation and aerospace. However, in the existing electromagnetic forming technology, the electromagnetic force generated by a common flat spiral coil is irregular in distribution, and the thickness distribution of the formed plate is quite uneven, so that the uniformity of the formed plate is difficult to ensure.
The electromagnetic incremental forming technology is a technology which combines the electromagnetic forming technology with incremental forming, a coil moves according to a certain track, and the plate is subjected to electromagnetic forming successively to complete a target shape. The electromagnetic incremental forming technology utilizes small coils, small energy and has low requirements on equipment and coils. However, the electromagnetic incremental forming technology is used for carrying out local forming on the plate, and because the electromagnetic forming belongs to impact forming, the deformation of a to-be-formed area can influence the deformation of a formed area. Therefore, the uniformity (including the uniformity of the shape and the uniformity of the thickness distribution) of the plate after the plate is gradually formed based on the single-coil electromagnetism is difficult to ensure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides the electromagnetic forming method based on the multiple coils, the size, the geometric position and the discharge parameters of each formed coil are accurately set according to the forming depth and the forming pass of the plate, and the uniformity (shape uniformity and geometric uniformity) of the formed plate is improved, so that the accurate manufacturing of the aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and titanium alloy plate is realized.
Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an electromagnetic forming method based on multiple coils is characterized in that:
(1) in order to realize multi-coil forming, an electromagnetic forming device based on multiple coils is adopted, and comprises forming coils, blank holders and a female die, wherein a plate to be formed is placed between the blank holders and the female die, the forming coils are arranged above the plate to be formed, at least three forming coils are arranged and are respectively arranged on the surfaces of corresponding areas of the plate to be deformed, and the forming coils are rotatably arranged on a three-dimensional moving rack through connecting arms;
the shaping coils are connected with the capacitor through a circuit;
the size, the geometric position and the discharge parameters of the formed coil are set to be suitable for the pass of sheet deformation and the corresponding target profile, wherein: the discharge parameters include discharge voltage, loop resistance, and loop inductance. The profile formed in each pass is more uniform and presents a certain streamline, and the thinning rate of the formed plate is controlled within a set range so as to meet the industrial use requirement;
(2) the electromagnetic forming device in the step (1) is adopted, and the electromagnetic forming method comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining a discharge pass according to the forming depth of a part;
adjusting the size, the geometric position and the discharge parameters of each corresponding forming coil according to the target profile of the first-time plate forming;
placing the plate on the female die, arranging the blank holder on the plate, arranging each forming coil at a corresponding position, and discharging the forming coils at the same time; the single discharge is formable and no longer followed;
adjusting the position of each forming coil again according to the target profile of the second-pass sheet metal forming, fixing the forming coil to enable the forming coil to be close to the forming sheet metal fully, and discharging the forming coil after setting corresponding discharge parameters; and (5) operating in sequence until the forming of the plate is finished.
Furthermore, the formed coils have the same size, so that the manufacturing cost of the coils can be reduced.
Furthermore, the sizes of the forming coils are different, so that local areas of the plate can be controlled respectively, and the forming flexibility is further improved.
Furthermore, the plurality of forming coils are connected in series through a circuit and connected to two ends of the capacitor, the current in each forming coil is the same, the forming device is suitable for the condition that the requirement on forming precision is not high, and meanwhile, the number of the capacitors is saved.
Furthermore, the plurality of forming coils are connected in parallel through a circuit and connected to two ends of the capacitor, the voltage of each forming coil is the same, the forming device is suitable for the condition that the requirement on forming precision is not high, and meanwhile the number of the capacitors is saved.
Furthermore, the multiple forming coils are respectively connected with a single capacitor, so that the forming device is suitable for the condition with high forming precision requirement, can realize precise control, and has more capacitors.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic forming method based on multiple coils solves the problem that the sheet metal is uneven and smooth in geometric shape after being formed in the existing electromagnetic forming process, and realizes the accurate manufacturing of aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and titanium alloy sheet metal parts; meanwhile, the problem of uneven thickness distribution after the plate is formed in the electromagnetic forming is solved, and excessive thinning in the electromagnetic forming is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an electromagnetic forming schematic diagram of multiple coils of the same size in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an electromagnetic forming schematic diagram of multiple coils of different sizes in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an electromagnetic forming schematic diagram of a multi-coil series connection in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an electromagnetic forming schematic diagram of multiple coils connected in parallel in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an electromagnetic forming schematic diagram in which a plurality of coils are controlled individually in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic forming scheme 1 in which a plurality of coils are respectively controlled in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic forming scheme 2 in which a plurality of coils are respectively controlled in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of electromagnetic forming (after the first pass forming) in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of electromagnetic forming (before second-pass forming) in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of electromagnetic forming (after the second-pass forming) in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Shown in the figure: 1. a blank holder; 2. a plate to be formed; 3. a female die; 4. forming a first coil; 5. forming a second coil; 6. forming a coil III; 7. a first discharge capacitor; 8. a second discharge capacitor; 9. a discharge capacitor III; 10. a connecting arm; 11. a connecting arm; 12. a connecting arm; 13. and (3) three-dimensional moving the frame.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiment should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The invention is shown in fig. 1 to 10:
it should be noted that: the number of the forming coils arranged in the figure is three; meanwhile, for the sake of line clarity and omitting the frame, only the schematic diagram of the frame 13 and the connecting arms 10\11\12 thereof is added in fig. 5, and the specific structure of the frame is not described because the frame is a conventional technical means.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the first formed coil 4, the second formed coil 5 and the third formed coil 6, which may be sized to be the same, may reduce the cost of coil fabrication; (the connection mode with the capacitor is not shown in the figure, and one of the three connection modes can be selected according to the requirement);
as shown in fig. 2, the forming coil i 4, the forming coil ii 5 and the forming coil iii 6 are set to have different sizes, mainly because some parts of the plate material are difficult to form, so that the forming needs to be performed by setting the coil with a smaller size, which can further increase the forming flexibility; (the connection mode with the capacitor is not shown in the figure, and one of the three connection modes can be selected according to the requirement);
the plate 2 is placed on the female die 3, the blank holder 1 is arranged on the plate 2, the three forming coils discharge electricity simultaneously, the stress wave effect caused by forming of a single coil can be reduced, and the plate is more uniform after being formed.
Example 2:
the forming coil I4, the forming coil II 5 and the forming coil III 6 are controlled in a series or parallel mode or independently;
as shown in fig. 3, a first forming coil 4, a second forming coil 5 and a third forming coil 6 are connected in series, and form a loop with a first discharge capacitor 7, and the current in each coil is the same;
as shown in fig. 4, the first forming coil 4, the second forming coil 5 and the third forming coil 6 are connected in parallel and connected with the two ends of the first discharging capacitor 7 to form a loop, and the discharging voltage at the two ends of each forming coil is the same;
as shown in fig. 5, the forming coil i 4, the forming coil ii 5 and the forming coil iii 6 are respectively controlled, the forming coil i 4 is connected with the discharging capacitor i 7, the forming coil ii 5 is connected with the discharging capacitor ii 8, and the forming coil iii 6 is connected with the discharging capacitor iii 9, so that accurate control can be realized;
the plate 2 is placed on the female die 3, the blank holder 1 is arranged on the plate 2, the three forming coils discharge electricity simultaneously, the stress wave effect caused by forming of a single coil can be reduced, and the plate is more uniform after being formed.
Example 3:
it should be noted that, when the deformation depth of the part is less than 30 mm, single drawing can be realized;
the forming coil I4, the forming coil II 5 and the forming coil III 6 are controlled in parallel or in series or respectively; each forming coil forms a local area and can be controlled through discharge parameters, the discharge parameters comprise discharge voltage, loop inductance and loop resistance, when the loop inductance and the loop resistance are under a determined condition, the deformation degree is in direct proportion to the discharge voltage, a certain discharge parameter combination corresponds to a certain deformation degree, and the larger the discharge voltage is, the larger the local deformation degree of the plate is;
as shown in scheme 1 of fig. 6, the deformation of the local area of the forming coil I4 corresponding to the plate material is minimum, so that the discharge voltage is set to be small; the deformation of the local area of the forming coil II 5 corresponding to the plate is moderate, so that the discharge voltage of the coil is moderate; the forming coil (c 6) has the largest corresponding local deformation, so the discharge voltage of the coil is set to be larger; (the connection mode with the capacitor is not shown in the figure, and one of the three connection modes can be selected according to the requirement);
as shown in scheme 2 of fig. 7, the deformation of the local area of the forming coil I4 corresponding to the sheet material is the largest, so that the discharge voltage is set to be larger; the deformation of the local area of the forming coil II 5 corresponding to the plate is moderate, so that the discharge voltage of the coil is moderate; the corresponding local deformation of the forming coil III 6 is minimum, so the discharge voltage of the coil is set to be small; (the connection mode with the capacitor is not shown in the figure, and one of the three connection modes can be selected according to the requirement);
the plate 2 is placed on the female die 3, the blank holder 1 is arranged on the plate 2, the three forming coils discharge electricity simultaneously, the stress wave effect caused by forming of a single coil can be reduced, and the plate is more uniform after being formed.
Example 4:
unlike example 3, when the forming depth of the part is increased to be more than 30 mm, the forming of the whole part cannot be completed by single discharge, and the forming pass needs to be increased;
firstly, adjusting the positions of a plurality of coils, setting the discharge parameters (including discharge voltage, loop resistance and loop inductance) of each formed coil, then charging a capacitor, then discharging the coils, and further completing the forming of a first pass, as shown in fig. 8, which is a schematic diagram after the forming of the first pass;
as shown in fig. 8, which is a schematic diagram before the second-pass forming, the positions of three forming coils are adjusted, wherein the first forming coil 4 needs to rotate clockwise by a certain angle and descend by a certain distance to be sufficiently close to a formed plate; the second forming coil 5 does not need to rotate and only descends to a certain depth, so that the coil is close to the plate sufficiently to improve the energy utilization rate; the third formed coil 6 needs to rotate counterclockwise by a certain angle and descend by a certain distance, so that the sheet material and the coil have good fitting degree; setting the discharge parameters (including discharge voltage, loop resistance and loop inductance) of each formed coil according to the target profile, charging the capacitor, discharging the coil, and further completing the forming of the second pass, as shown in fig. 9, which is a schematic diagram after the forming of the second pass;
firstly, determining forming passes according to the forming depth of a plate, setting the size and discharge parameters (including discharge voltage, loop resistance and loop inductance) of each coil in each pass according to the deformed target profile of the plate, enabling the profile formed in each pass to be more uniform as much as possible and to present a certain streamline, and controlling the thinning rate of the formed plate within a certain range so as to meet the industrial use requirement;
the plate 2 is placed on the female die 3, the blank holder 1 is arranged on the plate 2, the three forming coils discharge electricity simultaneously, the stress wave effect caused by forming of a single coil can be reduced, and the plate is more uniform after being formed.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the details of the present invention are not described in detail herein.
From the above description, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and modifications and substitutions based on the known art in the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention, which should be defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. An electromagnetic forming method based on multiple coils is characterized in that:
(1) in order to realize multi-coil forming, an electromagnetic forming device based on multiple coils is adopted, and comprises forming coils, blank holders and a female die, wherein a plate to be formed is placed between the blank holders and the female die, the forming coils are arranged above the plate to be formed, at least three forming coils are arranged and are respectively arranged on the surfaces of corresponding areas of the plate to be deformed, and the forming coils are rotatably arranged on a three-dimensional moving rack through connecting arms;
the shaping coils are connected with the capacitor through a circuit;
the size, the geometric position and the discharge parameters of the formed coil are set to be suitable for the pass of sheet deformation and the corresponding target profile, wherein: the discharge parameters comprise discharge voltage, loop resistance and loop inductance;
(2) the electromagnetic forming device in the step (1) is adopted, and the electromagnetic forming method comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining a discharge pass according to the forming depth of a part;
adjusting the size, the geometric position and the discharge parameters of each corresponding forming coil according to the target profile of the first-time plate forming;
placing the plate on the female die, arranging the blank holder on the plate, arranging each forming coil at a corresponding position, and discharging the forming coils at the same time; the single discharge is formable and no longer followed;
adjusting the position of each forming coil again according to the target profile of the second-pass sheet metal forming, fixing the forming coil to enable the forming coil to be close to the forming sheet metal fully, and discharging the forming coil after setting corresponding discharge parameters; and (5) operating in sequence until the forming of the plate is finished.
2. A multi-coil based electromagnetic forming method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the shaped coils are of the same size.
3. A multi-coil based electromagnetic forming method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the shaped coils are different in size.
4. A multi-coil based electromagnetic forming method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the plurality of shaped coils are electrically connected in series and across the capacitor.
5. A multi-coil based electromagnetic forming method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the plurality of shaped coils are connected in parallel by a circuit and connected across a capacitor.
6. A multi-coil based electromagnetic forming method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the plurality of shaped coils are each connected to a separate capacitor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011498483.4A CN112605221A (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Electromagnetic forming method based on multiple coils |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011498483.4A CN112605221A (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Electromagnetic forming method based on multiple coils |
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| CN202011498483.4A Pending CN112605221A (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Electromagnetic forming method based on multiple coils |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6564605B1 (en) * | 1997-12-29 | 2003-05-20 | Pulsar Welding Ltd. | Apparatus and method for pulsed magnetic forming of a dish from a planar plate |
| CN106807825A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-06-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of progressive flexible compound manufacturing process of electromagnetism |
| CN108097778A (en) * | 2017-12-17 | 2018-06-01 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of flexible module formula electro-magnetic forming fixture system |
| CN108856444A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-23 | 中南大学 | A kind of workpiece electromagnetism progressive molding device and method equipped with profile-followed arrangement coil |
| CN110814147A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-02-21 | 中南大学 | Large-size plate forming device and method with conformal combined coils |
-
2020
- 2020-12-17 CN CN202011498483.4A patent/CN112605221A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6564605B1 (en) * | 1997-12-29 | 2003-05-20 | Pulsar Welding Ltd. | Apparatus and method for pulsed magnetic forming of a dish from a planar plate |
| CN106807825A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-06-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of progressive flexible compound manufacturing process of electromagnetism |
| CN108097778A (en) * | 2017-12-17 | 2018-06-01 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of flexible module formula electro-magnetic forming fixture system |
| CN108856444A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-23 | 中南大学 | A kind of workpiece electromagnetism progressive molding device and method equipped with profile-followed arrangement coil |
| CN110814147A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-02-21 | 中南大学 | Large-size plate forming device and method with conformal combined coils |
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