CN108097794A - A kind of combination technological method of the progressive preform of electromagnetism and spinning finishing shape - Google Patents
A kind of combination technological method of the progressive preform of electromagnetism and spinning finishing shape Download PDFInfo
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- CN108097794A CN108097794A CN201711349920.4A CN201711349920A CN108097794A CN 108097794 A CN108097794 A CN 108097794A CN 201711349920 A CN201711349920 A CN 201711349920A CN 108097794 A CN108097794 A CN 108097794A
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- spinning
- electromagnetism
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- preform
- shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
- B21D22/16—Spinning over shaping mandrels or formers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to metal material plastic working field, and disclose a kind of progressive preform of electromagnetism and the combination technological method of spinning finishing shape.The process comprises the following steps：(a) structural parameters of performing member are designed, which includes material, shape, size and the wall thickness of performing member；(b) coil shape of form-wound coil used in the progressive preform of electromagnetism, the number of plies, size, the winding number of turn and area of section, and the motion track and discharge time of the form-wound coil are designed；(c) the progressive preform of the electromagnetism of raw material obtains performing member；(d) spinning is carried out using spinning roller performing member so that preform is bonded the mold completely, is configured to required shape, is achieved in the finishing shape of performing member.By the present invention, acquisition formed product is superior in quality, improves production efficiency, saves production cost, meets high-volume, mechanization, efficient production requirement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material plastic working field, more particularly, to a kind of progressive preform of electromagnetism and spinning
The combination technological method of finishing shape.
Background technology
Large-scale housing component is widely used in the fields such as aerospace, derived energy chemical, with rocket fuel tank and heavy vessel
End socket is Typical Representative, to meet shaping of the light-weight metals such as light-weighted growth requirement, aluminium alloy frequently as large-scale housing component
Material.At present, aluminium alloy large-sized housing component is mainly formed using multi-pass strength hot spinning, although the work after mould pressing
Part has good dimensional accuracy and surface quality, but the technique is small there are single pass heavy deformation, and forming efficiency is low；Per pass takes second place
Between need carry out annealing heat-treats, complex operation；Under the conditions of quasi-static, the material forming limit is low, and rebound is serious；Production cycle
The problems such as length, cost is higher.Although domestic and foreign scholars are successively from sides such as roller shape, coefficient of friction, angle and the amount of feeding regulation and control
Face carries out process optimization, but effect is not notable.So seek the shaping of the especially aluminium alloy large-sized housing component of large-scale housing component
New method is extremely urgent.
Electro-magnetic forming is to make metal material that the forming and machining method of high-speed plastic deformation occur using Lorentz force, is had
The features such as small, residual stress is low, workpiece surface quality is good and forming limit is high is sprung back, is following manufacturing advanced forming technique
One of.Due to the limitation of electro-magnetic forming plant capacity and discharge coil, domestic and foreign scholars propose currently for large-scale housing component
Electromagnetism progressive molding method, i.e. discharge coil are moved under the control of the computer according to specific track, are moved to predetermined bits
It puts and discharges, be plastically deformed local material, then discharge coil is moved to next assigned position and discharges again, finally
By multiple discharge material deformation is promoted to build up, complete the flexible forming of large-scale housing component.
Electromagnetism progressive molding technology only needs small coil and relatively low discharge energy, it is possible to realize the whole of large-scale housing component
Body shapes, in addition, this method also has material forming limit height；Impulse discharge deflection is big, and forming efficiency is high；Discharge it every time
Between, material is without annealing, the advantages that technological operation is simple.But the current technique deposits thickness of workpiece uniformity after forming
Poor, dimensional accuracy is low；It intercoupling between different point of discharges, deformed region influences the shaping of un-deformed area serious,
The problems such as workpiece shapes are difficult to accurately control, although, domestic and foreign scholars' priority proposition stress wave, skin depth, end are hanging etc.
Hypothesis, it is intended to explain and control the coupling between different point of discharges, but have little effect, this also results in electromagnetism progressive molding
Technology still rests on the laboratory research stage at present, can not carry out large-scale industrialization application and production.
In conclusion for the shaping of large-scale housing component, spinning process has workpiece size precision height, single pass material
Expect the features such as deflection is small, and forming efficiency is low；Electromagnetism progressive molding technique has forming efficiency high, and the material forming limit is big, work
The features such as part size is difficult to be precisely controlled.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of progressive preform of electromagnetism and spinning
The combination technological method of finishing shape, by the way that two techniques of the progressive preform of electromagnetism and spinning finishing shape are combined, two kinds of technique
Advantage and disadvantage are complimentary to one another, thus solve that the material forming limit is low, production cost is high and electromagnetism progressive molding technology present in ruler
The technical issues of very little precision is difficult to control.
To achieve the above object, it is proposed, according to the invention, provide the compound of a kind of progressive preform of electromagnetism and spinning finishing shape
Process, which is characterized in that the process comprises the following steps：
(a) according to the design feature of the large-scale housing part of required shaping, the structural parameters of performing member, the structure are designed
Parameter includes material, shape, size and the wall thickness of performing member；
(b) according to step (a) obtain the preform architecture parameter, and combine the progressive preformed electromagnetism of electromagnetism into
Shape efficiency simulates the progressive performing process of electromagnetism using the method for analysis of finite element by numerical simulation, thereby determines that electromagnetism is progressive pre-
Coil shape, the number of plies, size, the winding number of turn and the area of section of form-wound coil used in shaping, and the form-wound coil
Motion track and discharge time；
(c) by plate clamping to be formed on mold, treated into using the form-wound coil obtained in step (b) to described
Shape plate discharges so that thus the plate to be formed completes the electromagnetism of the plate to be formed gradually close to the mold
Performing member is obtained into preform；
(d) spinning carries out the performing member obtained in step (c) using spinning roller, the motion track of spinning roller and institute during spinning
The motion track of form-wound coil is corresponding when stating electromagnetism progressive preform so that performing member is bonded the mold completely, shaping
For required shape, the finishing shape of performing member is achieved in.
It is further preferred that in step (a), the shape of the performing member preferably uses straight flange ellipticity, wherein, it is ellipse
Diameter of a circle is 1.1~1.5 times of required large-scale housing part diameter, and the length of straight flange is the 1/4~1/3 of ellipse short shaft.
It is further preferred that in step (a), the material of the performing member preferably uses aluminium alloy or copper alloy.
It is further preferred that in step (c), the section of the form-wound coil preferably using circular or rectangle, it is described into
Motion track during shape coil discharge uses from top to bottom, mode from inside to outside.
It is further preferred that the motion track of the form-wound coil electric discharge is divided into multilayer progress, every layer according to " contour rail
Mark " is moved, that is, after shaping coil discharge, keeps form-wound coil vertical height constant, by plate to be formed
The rotation of mandrel line reaches next discharge position, discharges again, until completing all layers of electric discharge.
It is further preferred that in step (d), preferably using convex surface spinning roller, the material of spinning roller is included at a high speed the spinning roller
Steel, wolfram steel or Cr12。
It is further preferred that in step (d), the motion track of spinning roller is preferably used from performing member during the spinning
Bottom starts, and carries out spinning from inside to outside.
It is further preferred that in step (d), the spinning is preferably in a manner that strong rotation and general rotation are combined.
In general, by the above technical scheme conceived by the present invention compared with prior art, it can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect：
1st, the progressive preform of electromagnetism proposed by the present invention compares traditional multi-pass spinning work with spinning essence training Compound Technology
Skill in terms of the shaping of large-scale housing component, can greatly reduce the number of annealing heat-treats, have higher capacity usage ratio, greatly
Processing cost is reduced greatly, it is with good economic efficiency, since electromagnetism progressive molding method has the high uniqueness of forming limit
Advantage, therefore can obtain the larger performing member of deflection then only need to carry out single anneal processing, you can by revolve by force+it is general
The spinning mode of rotation obtains qualified large-scale housing component；
2nd, the progressive preform of electromagnetism proposed by the present invention and spinning essence training Compound Technology can effectively improve large-scale housing
The forming accuracy of part improves wall unevenness, and regional area is avoided the defects of corrugation, cracking occur, although, electromagnetism progressive molding skill
Art has the high advantage of forming limit, but its forming accuracy is difficult to be precisely controlled, therefore it is ellipse that the technology can be utilized to obtain band straight flange
The performing member of circle end socket, and then wall unevenness is solved the problems, such as by strong lathe turner's skill, then big shell is improved by general election technique
The whole pad pasting precision of body part, so as to obtain high-precision workpiece；
3rd, the progressive preform of electromagnetism proposed by the present invention and spinning essence training Compound Technology can give full play to electro-magnetic forming
With the unique advantage of mould pressing technically, and mutual inadequate natural endowment is made up, it is final to obtain the excellent qualification of forming quality
Large-scale housing component substantially increases production efficiency, saves production cost, and at the same time, the proposition of the combination process also achieves
Breakthrough of the electromagnetism progressive molding technology from laboratory research to industrialized production meets high-volume, mechanization, efficient production
Demand.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the process constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention；
Fig. 2 a are the required large-scale housing component structure diagrams constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention；
Fig. 2 b are the band straight flange ellipse head preform architecture schematic diagrames constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention；
Fig. 3 is the form-wound coil structure schematic diagram constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the electromagnetism progressive molding process constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention；
Fig. 5 is the spinning roller schematic diagram constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the spinning essence reforming process constructed by preferred embodiment according to the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, it is right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Conflict is not formed each other to can be combined with each other.
The combination process manufacturing process of a kind of progressive preform of electromagnetism provided by the invention and spinning finishing shape, such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show, specifically comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Design the geometrical structure parameter of performing member.According to the structure feature of large-scale housing component, electromagnetism it is progressive into
The shaping characteristic of shape and spinning finishing shape, designs the parameters such as shape, the size of performing member, as shown in Figure 2 a and 2 b, according to
The geometry of " constant-volume principle " design performing member of plastic working theory, final design are sealed into the ellipsoid with straight flange
Head.
The structural parameters of performing member, herein, " volume are designed according to " constant-volume principle " of plastic working theory
Principle of invariance " is realized by the way that performing member is equal with the neutral surface layer of large-scale housing component, finally, performing member
Be designed as band straight flange ellipsoidal head, shape close to the large-scale housing component of required shaping shape, to make full use of electromagnetism progressive
The advantages that forming limit possessed by preform is high, production efficiency is high.
The ellipsoid eccentricity of performing member with straight flange ellipse head drastically influences follow-up spinning essence reforming process, ellipse
Spherical surface eccentricity is larger, will increase the resistance of deformation of spinning finishing shape, causes spinning difficult；Ellipsoid eccentricity is smaller, will lead
Spinning finishing deformation degree wretched insufficiency is caused, causes workpiece pad pasting poor.
The ellipsoid eccentricity with straight flange ellipsoidal head is e=0.85 in the present embodiment, and diameter is about that large-scale housing component is straight
1.1-1.5 times of footpath, axial ratio are about 2:1, length of straight flange is about the 1/4-1/3 of short axle.Large-scale housing component material is generally
Electric conductivity is preferably and traditional plastic shapes the alloy materials such as the poor aluminium of performance, copper.
Step 2：Design form-wound coil structure used in electromagnetism progressive molding.According to the size of performing member and electromagnetism into
Shape efficiency, using analysis of finite element by numerical simulation method, based on the skin depth that form-wound coil discharge time is minimum and is formed
Equal to sheet thickness principle, shape, size, the winding number of turn and the cross sectional shape of the form-wound coil used in electromagnetism progressive molding are determined
Etc. parameters, as shown in figure 3, the large-scale progressive preformed form-wound coil of housing component electromagnetism, shaped wire used in the progressive preform of electromagnetism
The outer diameter of circle be 150mm, the coil number of plies be 3, coil section shape be rectangle, sectional dimension 3x10mm2.Three layer line circles can be with
In the progressive performing process of electromagnetism, sufficiently large power is provided for material, material is driven to realize big degree deformation.
The cross sectional shape of form-wound coil used in the progressive preform of electromagnetism is circular or rectangle, can by numerical simulation result
Know：The sectional area of form-wound coil drastically influences the magnetic field intensity and service life of form-wound coil, and form-wound coil sectional area is too small,
Coil winding is intensive, and coil service life is relatively low；Form-wound coil sectional area is excessive, and electromagnetic force is disperseed seriously, material stress deficiency,
According to the structure feature with straight flange ellipse head performing member, the sectional area size of this paper final design electro-magnetic forming coils is 20
~40mm2, cross sectional shape is rectangle.
Step 3：Plan the technological parameters such as motion track, the discharge time of form-wound coil.In the electromagnetism progressive preform stage,
It is formed using the layered mode of " from top to bottom, from inside to outside ", gradually forces workpiece pad pasting.Discharge time is according to final institute
The shape of product is needed to determine, according to the electromagnetic force field feature of form-wound coil and the geometric parameter of performing member, utilizes finite element number
It is worth the deformation result of raw material after analogsimulation electric discharge, as far as possible close to mold, determines the hierarchy number and shaped wire of specific track
The motion track of circle carries out the progressive preform processing of electromagnetism of performing member, as shown in Figure 4.
Form-wound coil carries out the electromagnetism progressive molding with straight flange ellipse head performing member with 3 layers of motion track, and every layer is pressed
It is moved according to " contour line tracking ", i.e., after form-wound coil discharges for the first time, hold-in winding vertical height is constant, makes it in
Mandrel line, which rotates by a certain angle, reaches next discharge position, discharges again, until completing first layer electric discharge.
After form-wound coil completes first layer electric discharge, form-wound coil is moved into second layer position, appropriate adjustment form-wound coil
Angle ensures that form-wound coil is disposed vertically with material to be formed, is moved according to " contour line tracking ", until completing the second layer
Pad pasting.This process is repeated, completes third layer electromagnetism progressive molding process, until realizing with the big of straight flange ellipse head performing member
Degree deforms.
Obtained after the progressive preform of electromagnetism with plasticity of the straight flange ellipse head performing member due to experienced big degree
Deformation, inside be susceptible to processing hardening phenomenon, should be designed corresponding according to the thickness of performing member, size and deformation extent
Specification of heat treatment under normal circumstances, selects single anneal sofening treatment, is then further continued for the operation of step 4.
Form-wound coil motion track is specifically divided into 3 layers, and every layer of track is moved according to " contour line tracking ", i.e. shaped wire
Circle certain layer realize for the first time single-point electric discharge after, hold-in winding vertical height is constant, make its around central axis rotate by a certain angle to
It up to next discharge position, discharges again, until completing whole point of discharges of this layer.This paper first layers point of discharge is 6, the
Two layers of point of discharge are 10, and third layer point of discharge is 18.
Step 4：Design the spinning roller structure used in mould pressing.According to the structure feature of performing member and material school shape journey
Degree on the basis of form-wound coil motion track is taken into full account, designs spinning roller structure.
Spinning roller used in mould pressing is convex surface spinning roller, as shown in figure 5, the available material of spinning roller is high-speed steel, wolfram steel
Or Cr12, but these types of material is not limited to, spinning roller material is Cr in this implementation12Mo, to ensure that workpiece obtains good spinning matter
It measures, the major part in spinning roller head is (such as：Spinning roller, axis and bearing etc.) machining accuracy and assembly precision it is more demanding, middle (center) bearing
Machining accuracy grade should select higher, bearing and axis use the form of cylindrical fit.
Step 5：Plan the technological parameters such as motion track, the spinning pass of spinning spinning roller.To ensure the good of large-scale housing component
Good pad pasting, the motion track of spinning spinning roller should match with the motion track of electromagnetism progressive molding discharge coil, from workpiece bottom
Start, carry out spinning from inside to outside, the final combined shaping method for realizing large-scale housing component, since performing member is straight there are oral area
Line segment, mode of texturing is mainly necking in spindown, therefore deflection should not be too large, in case it is poor pad pasting effect occur；Spinning pass
Also it is unsuitable excessive, in order to avoid there is anti-crowded phenomenon.Workpiece size based on this paper, recommend the spinning pass used for：1 passage is revolved by force
The general precession row component shaping of+1 passage.
From above-mentioned process, the advantage and disadvantage of above two technique are complimentary to one another, the two carried out reasonable combination, i.e.,
The combination process manufacturing process of " the progressive preform of electromagnetism-spinning finishing shape " is obtained, greatly improves the morphoplasm of large-scale housing component
Amount, and overcome that the material forming limit present in current rotary pressure technology is low, production cost is high and electromagnetism progressive molding technology is deposited
Dimensional accuracy be difficult to control the problems such as.By rationally designing the shape of performing member, the progressive preform of electromagnetism is become
The good tie of technique and spinning essence shaping process, to make full use of, the material forming limit of electromagnetism progressive molding is high and spinning is smart
The advantages of dimensional accuracy of shaping is high.Spinning process and electromagnetism progressive molding technique have certain technique similitude, i.e. spinning roller
The important technical parameters such as shape, movement locus route with discharge coil drastically influence the forming quality of large-scale housing component,
It must be coupled in the design of manufacturing process and consider spinning roller important technical parameter related to discharge coil etc..
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles of the invention etc., should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the combination technological method of a kind of progressive preform of electromagnetism and spinning finishing shape, which is characterized in that the process includes
The following steps：
(a) according to the design feature of the large-scale housing part of required shaping, the structural parameters of performing member, the structural parameters are designed
Material, shape, size and wall thickness including performing member；
(b) the preform architecture parameter obtained according to step (a), and combine the progressive preformed electro-magnetic forming effect of electromagnetism
Rate simulates the progressive performing process of electromagnetism using the method for analysis of finite element by numerical simulation, thereby determines that the progressive preform of electromagnetism
Coil shape, the number of plies, size, the winding number of turn and the area of section of used form-wound coil, and the movement of the form-wound coil
Track and discharge time；
(c) by plate clamping to be formed on mold, using the form-wound coil obtained in step (b) to the plate to be formed
Material discharges so that for the plate to be formed close to the mold, the electromagnetism for thus completing the plate to be formed is progressive pre-
Shaping obtains performing member；
(d) spinning carries out the performing member obtained in step (c) using spinning roller, the motion track of spinning roller and the electricity during spinning
The motion track of form-wound coil is corresponding during magnetic progressive preform so that performing member is bonded the mold completely, is configured to institute
The shape needed is achieved in the finishing shape of performing member.
2. a kind of progressive preform of electromagnetism and the combination technological method of spinning finishing shape, feature exist as described in claim 1
In, in step (a), the shape of the performing member preferably uses straight flange ellipticity, wherein, it is elliptical a diameter of required large-scale
1.1~1.5 times of housing part diameter, the length of straight flange are the 1/4~1/3 of ellipse short shaft.
3. a kind of progressive preform of electromagnetism and the combination technological method of spinning finishing shape as claimed in claim 1 or 2, feature
It is, in step (a), the material of the performing member preferably uses aluminium alloy or copper alloy.
4. such as a kind of progressive preform of electromagnetism of claim 1-3 any one of them and the combination technological method of spinning finishing shape,
It is characterized in that, in step (c), the section of the form-wound coil is preferably using circular or rectangle, the form-wound coil electric discharge
When motion track using from top to bottom, mode from inside to outside.
5. such as a kind of progressive preform of electromagnetism of claim 1-4 any one of them and the combination technological method of spinning finishing shape,
It is characterized in that, the motion track of the form-wound coil electric discharge is divided into multilayer progress, every layer is moved according to " contour line tracking "
It is dynamic, that is, after shaping coil discharge, keep form-wound coil vertical height constant, by being rotated around plate central axis to be formed
Next discharge position is reached, is discharged again, until completing all layers of electric discharge.
6. such as a kind of progressive preform of electromagnetism of claim 1-5 any one of them and the combination technological method of spinning finishing shape,
It is characterized in that, in step (d), the spinning roller preferably using convex surface spinning roller, the material of spinning roller include high-speed steel, wolfram steel or
Cr12。
7. such as a kind of progressive preform of electromagnetism of claim 1-6 any one of them and the combination technological method of spinning finishing shape,
It is characterized in that, in step (d), during the spinning motion track of spinning roller preferably using since the bottom of performing member,
Spinning is carried out from inside to outside.
8. such as a kind of progressive preform of electromagnetism of claim 1-7 any one of them and the combination technological method of spinning finishing shape,
It is characterized in that, in step (d), the spinning is preferably in a manner that strong rotation and general rotation are combined.
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| CN109848298A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-07 | 中南大学 | A kind of the subregion electromagnetic compound forming method and forming device of large size integral panel |
| CN109848279A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-07 | 中南大学 | A kind of the electromagnetism classification manufacturing process and forming device of heavy parts |
| CN110548801A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-10 | 山东科技大学 | electrostatic force based progressive push-pull composite forming device and method for large aluminum alloy part |
| CN110814147A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-02-21 | 中南大学 | Large-size plate forming device and method with conformal combined coils |
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| JPS59179246A (en) * | 1983-03-31 | 1984-10-11 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Production of vessel for electromagnetic induction heating |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109848298A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-07 | 中南大学 | A kind of the subregion electromagnetic compound forming method and forming device of large size integral panel |
| CN109848279A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-07 | 中南大学 | A kind of the electromagnetism classification manufacturing process and forming device of heavy parts |
| CN110548801A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-10 | 山东科技大学 | electrostatic force based progressive push-pull composite forming device and method for large aluminum alloy part |
| CN110814147A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-02-21 | 中南大学 | Large-size plate forming device and method with conformal combined coils |
| CN110814147B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2021-08-17 | 中南大学 | Large-size plate forming device and method with conformal combined coils |
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| CN108097794B (en) | 2019-05-03 |
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