CN110810783A - Method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen - Google Patents
Method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen Download PDFInfo
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- CN110810783A CN110810783A CN201911146462.3A CN201911146462A CN110810783A CN 110810783 A CN110810783 A CN 110810783A CN 201911146462 A CN201911146462 A CN 201911146462A CN 110810783 A CN110810783 A CN 110810783A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229940038481 bee pollen Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 24
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 17
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 17
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014698 Brassica juncea var multisecta Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 240000000385 Brassica napus var. napus Species 0.000 claims 2
- 235000006618 Brassica rapa subsp oleifera Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000413 hydrolysate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N Thermopsosid Natural products O(C)c1c(O)ccc(C=2Oc3c(c(O)cc(O[C@H]4[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O4)c3)C(=O)C=2)c1 GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000038379 digestive enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091007734 digestive enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin p Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L21/00—Marmalades, jams, jellies or the like; Products from apiculture; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L21/20—Products from apiculture, e.g. royal jelly or pollen; Substitutes therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/06—Enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
- A23L5/17—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying in a gaseous atmosphere with forced air or gas circulation, in vacuum or under pressure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/31—Brassicaceae or Cruciferae (Mustard family), e.g. broccoli, cabbage or kohlrabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen, which comprises the following steps: adding distilled water into the sterilized pollen, adjusting pH to 6.0 + -0.5, adding complex enzyme, and shaking to obtain mixture; performing enzymolysis on the obtained mixture for 10-14 hours to obtain an enzymolysis product; pre-freezing the obtained zymolyte for 22-26 h, and then carrying out vacuum freeze drying for 70-75 h to obtain the wall-broken pollen. The invention carries out wall breaking by enzymolysis and vacuum freeze drying, simplifies the process flow, has high reliability, does not damage the nutrient substances of the pollen, and effectively solves the problems of more nutrient substance loss, low wall breaking rate and easy pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pollen wall breaking methods, in particular to a rape bee pollen wall breaking method.
Background
Pollen contains abundant functional substances (including protein, vitamins, trace elements and flavone), which act synergistically on organism to regulate various functions of organism, balance in vivo nutrition, enhance metabolism, and prevent blood capillary permeability disorder.
The pollen is wrapped by two layers of tough outer walls, is mainly formed by cross-linking pectin, cellulose and sporopollen, has good resistance to acid, alkali, temperature, pressure and digestive enzyme, and nutrient substances in the pollen cannot be directly absorbed by a human body and only can be absorbed through fine germination holes, so that the utilization rate of the nutrient substances in the pollen is extremely low, and the overstock of the pollen is serious. In order to release the nutrients contained in the pollen fully, researchers adopt a cell wall breaking technology to treat the pollen. The commonly used pollen wall breaking methods at present are a fermentation wall breaking method, a temperature difference wall breaking method, a mechanical wall breaking method, supercritical carbon dioxide and the like, but the wall breaking methods also have some defects, such as high nutrient loss, unsatisfactory wall breaking rate, long wall breaking time, low wall breaking efficiency, easy pollution and the like, and most of obtained samples are bee pollen suspension which can be used after being dried, so the process flow is complicated.
Vacuum freeze-drying (also called freeze-drying) is a drying method in which a material is frozen to a temperature below the eutectic point and water in the material is removed by sublimation under a low pressure state. The vacuum freeze drying has the advantages that the nutrient components, color, aroma and taste of the fresh food can be retained to the maximum extent; the volume and shape of the food are basically unchanged, the food is convenient to eat, the quality of the food is basically the same as that of a fresh product, the food is thoroughly dehydrated, the water content is low, the weight is light, and the storage and the transportation are convenient; can be preserved for a long time, and can be preserved for 5 years without deterioration; can avoid surface hardening and nutrient loss in common drying method, can be stored and sold at room temperature, has light weight, and is very beneficial to marketing. However, no one has been able to perform the pollen wall breaking research by processing the rape bee pollen by combining the vacuum freeze drying technology with the wall breaking technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the method for breaking the cell wall of the rape bee pollen, which breaks the cell wall by enzymolysis and vacuum freeze drying, simplifies the process flow, has high reliability, does not damage the nutrient substances of the pollen, and effectively solves the problems of more nutrient substance loss, low cell wall breaking rate and easy pollution.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: provides a method for breaking the cell wall of rape bee pollen, which comprises the following steps:
(1) adding distilled water into the sterilized pollen, adjusting pH to 6.0 + -0.5, adding complex enzyme, and shaking to obtain mixture;
(2) performing enzymolysis on the mixture obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ and the rotating speed of 140-160 r/min for 10-14 h to obtain an enzymolysis product;
(3) pre-freezing the zymolyte obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of-80 to-70 ℃ for 22 to 26 hours, and then carrying out vacuum freeze drying at the temperature of-60 to-40 ℃ and under the pressure of 180 to 220mTorr for 70 to 75 hours to obtain the wall-broken pollen.
Further, the complex enzyme is a mixture formed by mixing pectinase and cellulase according to the mass ratio of 1: 1-3.
Further, the complex enzyme is a mixture formed by mixing pectinase and cellulase according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.
Further, the mass-volume ratio of the pollen to the distilled water is 2-3: 10 g/mL.
Furthermore, the addition amount of the complex enzyme is 0.3-1% of the mass of the pollen.
Furthermore, the addition amount of the compound enzyme is 0.5 percent of the mass of the pollen.
Further, the zymolyte is pre-frozen at the temperature of minus 80 ℃ for 24 hours, and then is subjected to vacuum freeze drying at the temperature of minus 50 ℃ under the pressure of 200mTorr for 72 hours.
Further, when the disinfection is carried out in the step (1), firstly 10 vt% alcohol is used for soaking for 60-80 s, and then 75 vt% alcohol is used for soaking for 80-120 s.
Further, in the step (1), sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid is adopted to adjust the pH value.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the method for breaking the cell wall of the rape bee pollen provided by the invention, enzymolysis is carried out by cellulase and pectinase, and then vacuum freeze drying is carried out, so that the obtained bee pollen can be directly utilized, secondary drying is not needed, the process flow is simplified, the bee pollen cannot be physically crushed in the cell wall breaking process, the cell wall breaking rate is improved by enzymolysis, various nutrient substances in the pollen cannot be damaged, the contained nutrient components are fully released, and the problems of more nutrient substance loss, low cell wall breaking rate and easy pollution are effectively solved.
2. The invention combines enzymolysis and vacuum freeze drying, uses cellulase and pectinase complex enzyme preparation to carry out enzymolysis on the wall-broken rape bee pollen, then freezes the pollen suspension at-90 to-70 ℃, and then adopts vacuum freeze drying technology to treat the pollen. The method greatly simplifies the process flow, and simultaneously obtains higher wall breaking efficiency of the rape bee pollen.
3. The pectinase and cellulase have very outstanding effects on converting insoluble cellulose into glucose and destroying cell walls in fruit and vegetable juice, and the method is characterized in that the pectinase and cellulase have very outstanding effects on converting insoluble cellulose into glucose and destroying cell walls in fruit and vegetable juice, and then the liquid is frozen and dried in vacuum, so that the moisture in the pollen can be rapidly discharged, the cell walls of the pollen can be rapidly broken, after treatment, the wall-breaking rate of the rape bee pollen can reach 62.6%, the dry wall-broken bee pollen is obtained under the condition that no additive is added, and the obtained dry wall-broken pollen.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking pollen in 10 vt% alcohol for 60s, then soaking pollen in 75 vt% alcohol for 80s, adding distilled water into the sterilized pollen, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the pollen to the distilled water is 2:10g/mL, adjusting the pH value to 6.0 +/-0.5, adding a complex enzyme, and shaking up to obtain a mixture; the compound enzyme is a mixture formed by mixing pectinase and cellulase according to the mass ratio of 1: 1;
(2) performing enzymolysis on the mixture obtained in the step (1) for 10 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 140r/min to obtain an zymolyte;
(3) prefreezing the zymolyte obtained in the step (2) at-80 ℃ for 22h, and then carrying out vacuum freeze drying for 70h under the conditions of-60 ℃ and 180mTorr pressure to obtain the wall-broken pollen.
Example 2
A method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking pollen in 10 vt% alcohol for 70s, then soaking in 75 vt% alcohol for 100s, adding distilled water into the sterilized pollen, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the pollen to the distilled water is 2:10g/mL, adjusting the pH value to 6.0 +/-0.5, adding a complex enzyme, and shaking uniformly to obtain a mixture; the compound enzyme is a mixture formed by mixing pectinase and cellulase according to the mass ratio of 1: 2;
(2) carrying out enzymolysis on the mixture obtained in the step (1) for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 150r/min to obtain an zymolyte;
(3) prefreezing the zymolyte obtained in the step (2) at-80 ℃ for 23h, and then carrying out vacuum freeze drying at-50 ℃ under the pressure of 180mTorr for 71h to obtain the wall-broken pollen.
Example 3
A method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking pollen in 10 vt% alcohol for 70s, then soaking in 75 vt% alcohol for 100s, adding distilled water into the sterilized pollen, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the pollen to the distilled water is 2.5:10g/mL, adjusting the pH value to 6.0 +/-0.5, adding a complex enzyme, and shaking up to obtain a mixture; the compound enzyme is a mixture formed by mixing pectinase and cellulase according to the mass ratio of 1: 2;
(2) carrying out enzymolysis on the mixture obtained in the step (1) for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 150r/min to obtain an zymolyte;
(3) prefreezing the zymolyte obtained in the step (2) at-80 ℃ for 24h, and then carrying out vacuum freeze drying for 72h under the conditions of-50 ℃ and 200mTorr pressure to obtain the wall-broken pollen.
Example 4
A method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking pollen in 10 vt% alcohol for 80s, then soaking pollen in 75 vt% alcohol for 120s, adding distilled water into the sterilized pollen, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the pollen to the distilled water is 3:10g/mL, adjusting the pH value to 6.0 +/-0.5, adding a complex enzyme, and shaking up to obtain a mixture; the compound enzyme is a mixture formed by mixing pectinase and cellulase according to the mass ratio of 1: 3;
(2) carrying out enzymolysis on the mixture obtained in the step (1) for 14 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃ and the rotating speed of 160r/min to obtain an zymolyte;
(3) prefreezing the zymolyte obtained in the step (2) at-70 ℃ for 26h, and then carrying out vacuum freeze drying at-40 ℃ under the pressure of 220mTorr for 75h to obtain the wall-broken pollen.
Comparative example 1
A method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking pollen in 10 vt% alcohol for 70s, then soaking in 75 vt% alcohol for 100s, adding distilled water into the sterilized pollen, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the pollen to the distilled water is 2.5:10g/mL, adjusting the pH value to 6.0 +/-0.5, adding pectinase, and shaking uniformly to obtain a mixture;
(2) carrying out enzymolysis on the mixture obtained in the step (1) for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 150r/min to obtain an zymolyte;
(3) prefreezing the zymolyte obtained in the step (2) at-80 ℃ for 24h, and then carrying out vacuum freeze drying for 72h under the conditions of-50 ℃ and 200mTorr pressure to obtain the wall-broken pollen.
Comparative example 2
A method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking pollen in 10 vt% alcohol for 70s, then soaking in 75 vt% alcohol for 100s, adding distilled water into the sterilized pollen, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the pollen to the distilled water is 2.5:10g/mL, adjusting the pH value to 6.0 +/-0.5, adding cellulase, and shaking uniformly to obtain a mixture;
(2) carrying out enzymolysis on the mixture obtained in the step (1) for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 150r/min to obtain an zymolyte;
(3) prefreezing the zymolyte obtained in the step (2) at-80 ℃ for 24h, and then carrying out vacuum freeze drying for 72h under the conditions of-50 ℃ and 200mTorr pressure to obtain the wall-broken pollen.
Comparative example 3
A method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking pollen in 10 vt% alcohol for 70s, then soaking in 75 vt% alcohol for 100s, adding distilled water into the sterilized pollen, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the pollen to the distilled water is 2.5:10g/mL, adjusting the pH value to 6.0 +/-0.5, adding a complex enzyme, and shaking up to obtain a mixture; the compound enzyme is a mixture formed by mixing pectinase and cellulase according to the mass ratio of 1: 2;
(2) and (2) performing enzymolysis on the mixture obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 150r/min for 12h to obtain the wall-broken pollen.
Comparative example 4
A method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking pollen in 10 vt% alcohol for 70s, then soaking in 75 vt% alcohol for 100s, adding distilled water into the sterilized pollen, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the pollen to the distilled water is 2.5:10g/mL, adjusting the pH value to 6.0 +/-0.5, adding a complex enzyme, and shaking up to obtain a mixture; the compound enzyme is a mixture formed by mixing pectinase and cellulase according to the mass ratio of 1: 2;
(2) carrying out enzymolysis on the mixture obtained in the step (1) for 12 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 150r/min to obtain an zymolyte;
(3) prefreezing the zymolyte obtained in the step (2) at-120 deg.C for 29h, and vacuum freeze-drying at-80 deg.C under 240mTorr for 72h to obtain wall-broken pollen.
The wall-breaking rate of the pollen obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 was measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 statistics table for wall-breaking rate of rape bee pollen
| Item | Wall breaking ratio (%) |
| Example 1 | 56.7 |
| Example 2 | 59.8 |
| Example 3 | 62.6 |
| Example 4 | 58.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 43.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 42.1 |
| Comparative example 3 | 37.6 |
| Comparative example 4 | 39.3 |
As can be seen from Table 1, after the rape bee pollen is subjected to enzymolysis by using the compound enzyme obtained by pectinase and cellulase, the wall-breaking rate of the pollen obtained by vacuum freeze drying is obviously higher than that of the pollen obtained by the single action of the pectinase or the cellulase, and is also higher than that of the pollen obtained by the non-vacuum freeze drying. The wall breaking rate of pollen wall breaking by the method can reach 62.6 percent at most.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments thereof, it should not be construed as limited by the scope of the present patent. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without inventive step within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding distilled water into the sterilized pollen, adjusting pH to 6.0 + -0.5, adding complex enzyme, and shaking to obtain mixture;
(2) performing enzymolysis on the mixture obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ and the rotating speed of 140-160 r/min for 10-14 h to obtain an enzymolysis product;
(3) pre-freezing the zymolyte obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of-80 to-70 ℃ for 22 to 26 hours, and then carrying out vacuum freeze drying at the temperature of-60 to-40 ℃ and under the pressure of 180 to 220mTorr for 70 to 75 hours to obtain the wall-broken pollen.
2. The method for breaking the cell wall of rape bee pollen of claim 1, wherein the complex enzyme is a mixture of pectinase and cellulase which are mixed according to a mass ratio of 1: 1-3.
3. The method for breaking the cell wall of rape bee pollen of claim 2, wherein the complex enzyme is a mixture of pectinase and cellulase mixed according to a mass ratio of 1: 2.
4. The method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen according to claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the complex enzyme is 0.3-1% of the mass of the pollen.
5. The method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen of claim 4, wherein the addition amount of the complex enzyme is 0.5% of the mass of the pollen.
6. The method of breaking cell wall of canola bee pollen of claim 1, wherein the enzymatic hydrolysate is pre-frozen at-80 ℃ for 24 hours and then vacuum freeze-dried at-50 ℃ under a pressure of 200mTorr for 72 hours.
7. The method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen of claim 1, wherein the mass-to-volume ratio of the pollen to the distilled water is 2-3: 10 g/mL.
8. The method for breaking cell wall of rape bee pollen according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the rape bee pollen is soaked in 10 vt% alcohol for 60-80 s, and then soaked in 75 vt% alcohol for 80-120 s.
9. The method for breaking cell wall of canola bee pollen of claim 1, wherein in step (1), pH is adjusted with sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN112956668A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-15 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Method for preparing wall-broken bee pollen by using ultrasonic-assisted biological enzyme method |
| CN113712175A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-30 | 河南省林业科学研究院 | Pollen wall breaking process |
| CN114271455A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-05 | 昆明弘承食品科技有限公司 | Processing technology based on cell wall breaking technology and device thereof |
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| CN114271455A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-05 | 昆明弘承食品科技有限公司 | Processing technology based on cell wall breaking technology and device thereof |
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