CN110810674A - 一种生鱼配合饲料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种生鱼配合饲料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110810674A
CN110810674A CN201911330363.0A CN201911330363A CN110810674A CN 110810674 A CN110810674 A CN 110810674A CN 201911330363 A CN201911330363 A CN 201911330363A CN 110810674 A CN110810674 A CN 110810674A
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raw fish
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舒锐
尹立鹏
黄江
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Guangzhou Guanxing Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种生鱼配合饲料及其制备方法,旨在能有效减少生鱼繁殖期死亡率,营养丰富,饲料利用率高的生鱼配合饲料;该由预混料和中药复合物发酵液按照质量比100:6‑10混合而成;所述的预混料包括下述重量份组分:进口鱼粉:28‑32份,骨粉6‑9份,豆粕20‑28,山楂粉3‑5份,玉米蛋白粉10‑13份,棉籽蛋白12‑18份,多维素1‑2份,蜂蜜1‑2份,发酵后的中药复合物药渣3‑5份;中药复合物发酵液是陈皮、茯苓、夏枯草、白芥子、茵陈、柴胡、当归、芡实经发酵剂发酵而成的;属于水产动物养殖技术领域。

Description

一种生鱼配合饲料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种配合饲料,具体涉及一种生鱼配合饲料,本发明还涉及该饲料的制备方法,属于水产动物养殖技术领域。
背景技术
生鱼亦称乌鳢、黑鱼,才鱼、乌鱼、乌棒、蛇头鱼,属鲈形目,鳢亚目,鳢科,鳢属。冬眠时钻到稀泥里。温暖的季节,乌鳢在水中活动一段时间后,往往需要将头部露出水面,藉以辅助呼吸。
生鱼营养丰富,每100g黑鱼肉含蛋白质19.8g,脂肪1、4g,热量384、6kJ,钙57mg,磷163mg,铁0.5mg,硫胺素0.03mg,核黄素0.25mg,尼克酸2、8mg。尾部肌肉含瓜氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氦酸等18种游离氨基酸等,黑鱼有祛风治疳,利水消肿,补脾益气之功效,能辅助治疗肺炎,急性肾炎,咽喉炎等十余种疾病,是非常好的食补和滋补食品。尤其适合身体虚弱,低血蛋白症,贫血,营养不良,脾胃气虚人群食用。
为了满足人们对生鱼的需求,人工养殖成为成为主流,每年3-5月鱼类开始产春繁殖,生鱼的旧鱼开始进入疾病高发期,三分之一以上的母鱼怀卵量超过体重15份。鱼卵占据了鱼类腹腔大部分空间,导致其他器官收到挤压,导致血液供应不足,器官功能发挥受影响,加上鱼卵的生成抽走了母体的营养,导致体质虚弱,出现散春困难的现象。另一部分则由于鱼卵未能产出持续挤压其他器官,导致其他器官的功能衰竭而死;环境产出的鱼卵腐败分解释放出大量有毒物质鱼卵富含大量营养物质,排入池塘的鱼卵,大部分都没有受精,更不会发育成小鱼苗,而会腐败分解,释放大量有毒物质,进一步增加了生物的死亡率。
发明内容
本发明提供一种能有效减少生鱼繁殖期死亡率,营养丰富,饲料利用率高生鱼配合饲料。
鉴于现有技术的不足,本发明提供的第一个技术方案是这样的:
一种生鱼配合饲料,由预混料和中药复合物发酵液按照质量比100:6-10混合而成;
所述的预混料包括下述重量份组分:进口鱼粉:28-32份,骨粉6-9份,豆粕20-28,山楂粉3-5份,玉米蛋白粉10-13份,棉籽蛋白12-18份,多维素1-2份,蜂蜜1-2份,发酵后的中药复合物药渣3-5份;
中药复合物发酵液是陈皮、茯苓、夏枯草、白芥子、茵陈、柴胡、当归、芡实经发酵剂发酵而成的;
进一步的,上述的一种生鱼配合饲料,由预混料和中药复合物发酵液按照质量比100:8混合而成;
所述的预混料包括下述重量百分比的组分:进口鱼粉:30份,骨粉7份,豆粕24,山楂粉4份,玉米蛋白粉12份,棉籽蛋白15份,多维素1.5份,蜂蜜1.5份,发酵后的中药药渣4份;
中药复合物发酵液是陈皮、茯苓、夏枯草、白芥子、茵陈、柴胡、当归、芡实经发酵剂发酵而成的;
进一步的,上述的一种生鱼配合饲料,所述的陈皮、茯苓、夏枯草、白芥子、茵陈、柴胡、当归、芡实的质量比为:3:3:3:2:2:1:1:1。
进一步的,上述的一种生鱼配合饲料,所述的中药复合物发酵液是在中药复合物中加入中药复合物质量1-3%的发酵剂发酵而成的。
进一步的,上述的一种生鱼配合饲料,所述的发酵剂为双歧杆菌,乳酸菌和嗜乳酸杆菌。
进一步的,上述的一种生鱼配合饲料,所述的中药复合物发酵液通过下述步骤制得的:
1)称取各个组分;
2)将陈皮、茯苓、夏枯草、白芥子、茵陈、柴胡、当归、芡实粉碎混合后过筛,加入中药总质量3-5倍的水,煮沸后维持沸腾状态30分钟,然后降温至28-32℃,在加入发酵剂,在28-32℃发酵3-5天;
3)过滤后,分别收集滤液和滤渣;
4)将收集的滤渣晾干;滤液装瓶密封保存。
本发明提供的第二个技术方案是上述生鱼配合饲料的指标方法,该方法依次包括下述步骤:
1)预先制备中药复合物发酵液,并且独立包装;
2)将权利要求1中除去中药复合物发酵液的其它组分,混合均匀,过100目的筛网;
3)将上述粉碎后的混合物通入调质器,用水蒸气调质8-10min,然后进入挤压膨化制粒机,在100~102℃的温度下进行膨化制粒;
4)在100~102℃的温度下将上述膨化颗粒烘干,包装的预混料;
5)在喂养时现场将药复合物发酵液和预混料搅拌均匀,即可。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供的技术方案:
1、本发明提供的技术方案采用预混料和中药复合物发酵液配方,营养均衡,便于生鱼吸收,抗菌、抗病毒、提高免疫力;
2、本发明提供的技术方案中含有中药复合物发酵液,各个中药组分协同增效,通过发酵充分释放其药性,并且降低毒副作用,能有效预防促进鱼体体内血液循环,促进鱼体内新陈代谢,清除代谢过程中产生的自由基,缓解肝脏压力,提高鱼体免疫力,增强生鱼体质;
3、本发明提供的技术方案中预混料包括进口鱼粉、骨粉、豆粕、山楂粉、玉米蛋白粉、棉籽蛋白、多维素、蜂蜜等,组方合理,营养丰富,有利于提高饲料利用率。
具体实施方式
下面结合结合具体实施方式对发明的权利要求做进一步的详细说明,但不够成对本发明的任何限制。
实施例1
本发明提供的一种生鱼配合饲料,由预混料和中药复合物发酵液按照质量比100:8混合而成;
所述的预混料包括下述重量份组分:进口鱼粉32份,骨粉9份,豆粕20份,山楂粉5份,玉米蛋白粉10份,棉籽蛋白18份,多维素2份,蜂蜜1份,发酵后的中药复合物药渣5份。
实施例2
本发明提供的一种生鱼配合饲料,由预混料和中药复合物发酵液按照质量比100:6混合而成;
所述的预混料包括下述重量份组分:进口鱼粉28份,骨粉6份,豆粕28份,山楂粉3份,玉米蛋白粉13份,棉籽蛋白12份,多维素2份,蜂蜜1份,发酵后的中药复合物药渣5份。
实施例3
本发明提供的一种生鱼配合饲料,由预混料和中药复合物发酵液按照质量比100:7混合而成;
所述的预混料包括下述重量百分比的组分:进口鱼粉:30份,骨粉7份,豆粕24,山楂粉4份,玉米蛋白粉12份,棉籽蛋白15份,多维素1.5份,蜂蜜1.5份,发酵后的中药药渣4份。
实施例4
本发明提供的一种生鱼配合饲料,由预混料和中药复合物发酵液按照质量比100:6-10混合而成;
所述的预混料包括下述重量百分比的组分:进口鱼粉:29份,骨粉8份,豆粕25份,山楂粉5份,玉米蛋白粉11份,棉籽蛋白16份,多维素1份,蜂蜜2份,发酵后的中药药渣4份。
中药复合物发酵液依次通过下述步骤制得的:
1)将陈皮、茯苓、夏枯草、白芥子、茵陈、柴胡、当归、芡实的按照质量比:3:3:3:2:2:1:1:1混合均匀,粉碎后过50目筛子;
2)加入中药总质量3-5倍的水,煮沸后维持沸腾状态30分钟,然后降温至28-32℃,
3)向步骤2)的中药复合物中加入中药复合物质量1-3%(优选2%)的发酵剂(双歧杆菌,乳酸菌和嗜乳酸杆菌按照质量比2:1:1组成)发酵,在28-32℃发酵5天;
4)过滤,分别收集滤液和滤渣;
5)将收集的滤渣晾干,按照重量份添加至对应的实施例中;滤液装瓶密封保存。
上述的生鱼配合饲料的制备方法依次包括下述步骤:
1)预先制备中药复合物发酵液,并且独立包装;
2)将权利要求1中除去中药复合物发酵液的其它组分,混合均匀,过100目的筛网;
3)将上述粉碎后的混合物通入调质器,用水蒸气调质8-10min,然后进入挤压膨化制粒机,在100~102℃的温度下进行膨化制粒;
4)在100~102℃的温度下将上述膨化颗粒烘干,包装的预混料;
5)在喂养时现场将药复合物发酵液和预混料搅拌均匀,即可。
为了证明本申请提供的技术方案的优点,采用本申请提供的技术方案以及对比配方1-3中的饲料分别在3-5月连续喂养生鱼,
对比配方1
一种生鱼配合饲料,包括下述重量份组分:进口鱼粉32份,骨粉9份,豆粕20份,山楂粉5份,玉米蛋白粉10份,棉籽蛋白18份,多维素2份,蜂蜜1份。
对比配方2
一种生鱼配合饲料,由预混料和中药提取液按照质量比100:8混合而成;
所述的预混料包括下述重量份组分:进口鱼粉32份,骨粉9份,豆粕20份,山楂粉5份,玉米蛋白粉10份,棉籽蛋白18份,多维素2份,蜂蜜1份,提取后中药复合物药渣5份;
所述的中药提取液将陈皮、茯苓、夏枯草、白芥子、茵陈、柴胡、当归、芡实的按照质量比:3:3:3:2:2:1:1:1混合均匀,按照常规煎煮的方式提取。
对比配方3
本发明提供的一种生鱼配合饲料,由预混料和中药复合物发酵液按照质量比100:8混合而成;所述中药复合物发酵液跟对比文件1中的中药复合物发酵液相同。
所述的预混料包括下述重量份组分:进口鱼粉32份,豆粕20份,玉米蛋白粉10份,棉籽蛋白18份,蜂蜜1份,发酵后的中药复合物药渣5份。
应用例:取无病变,健康的雌鱼、雄鱼各400尾,平均分成4组,每组雌鱼、雄鱼各400尾,在相同水质条件下,按照相同的喂养频率和喂养剂量从三月初连续喂养至5月份末,结果显示采用实施1喂养的生鱼存活率98%,对比配方2喂养的生鱼存活率81%;对比配方1喂养的生鱼存活率89%;对比配方3喂养的生鱼存活率87%,说明本申请提供的饲料喂养的生鱼存活率高,并且实施例1喂养的生鱼产卵量高于对比配方1-3喂养的生鱼。

Claims (7)

1.一种生鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,由预混料和中药复合物发酵液按照质量比100:6-10混合而成;
所述的预混料包括下述重量份组分:进口鱼粉28-32份,骨粉6-9份,豆粕20-28,山楂粉3-5份,玉米蛋白粉10-13份,棉籽蛋白12-18份,多维素1-2份,蜂蜜1-2份,发酵后的中药复合物药渣3-5份;
中药复合物发酵液是陈皮、茯苓、夏枯草、白芥子、茵陈、柴胡、当归、芡实经发酵剂发酵而成的;
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种生鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,由预混料和中药复合物发酵液按照质量比100:8混合而成;
所述的预混料包括下述重量百分比的组分:进口鱼粉:30份,骨粉7份,豆粕24,山楂粉4份,玉米蛋白粉12份,棉籽蛋白15份,多维素1.5份,蜂蜜1.5份,发酵后的中药药渣4份;
中药复合物发酵液是陈皮、茯苓、夏枯草、白芥子、茵陈、柴胡、当归、芡实经发酵剂发酵而成的;
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种生鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,所述的陈皮、茯苓、夏枯草、白芥子、茵陈、柴胡、当归、芡实的质量比为:3:3:3:2:2:1:1:1。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种生鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,所述的中药复合物发酵液是在中药复合物中加入中药复合物质量1-3%的发酵剂发酵而成的。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种生鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,所述的发酵剂为双歧杆菌,乳酸菌和嗜乳酸杆菌。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种生鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,所述的中药复合物发酵液通过下述步骤制得的:
1)称取各个组分;
2)将陈皮、茯苓、夏枯草、白芥子、茵陈、柴胡、当归、芡实粉碎混合后过筛,加入中药总质量3-5倍的水,煮沸后维持沸腾状态30分钟,然后降温至28-32℃,在加入发酵剂,在28-32℃发酵3-5天;
3)过滤后,分别收集滤液和滤渣;
4)将收集的滤渣晾干;滤液装瓶密封保存。
7.制备权利要求1所述的生鱼配合饲料的方法,其特征在于,依次包括下述步骤:
1)预先制备中药复合物发酵液,并且独立包装;
2)将权利要求1中除去中药复合物发酵液的其它组分,混合均匀,过100目的筛网;
3)将上述粉碎后的混合物通入调质器,用水蒸气调质8-10min,然后进入挤压膨化制粒机,在100~102℃的温度下进行膨化制粒;
4)在100~102℃的温度下将上述膨化颗粒烘干,包装的预混料;
5)在喂养时现场将药复合物发酵液和预混料搅拌均匀,即可。
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