CN110800452A

CN110800452A - Orchard grass-mowing alfalfa harvesting mechanical device

Info

Publication number: CN110800452A
Application number: CN201911287033.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张晨凡; 李永杰; 李同帅; 李金剑; 李鹏
Original assignee: Shandong University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Shandong University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-12-14
Filing date: 2019-12-14
Publication date: 2020-02-18

Abstract

Until now, the orchard mowing in the middle and western part of China is mostly finished by hand-operated or manpower and a self-propelled mower, and no agricultural orchard mowing machine which can harvest alfalfa is available, so that the labor intensity of workers is high, the danger of the labor to the workers is increased, the farming season is delayed, and the growth vigor of fruit trees and the quality of fruits are reduced. With the change of agricultural industry structure, the development of agricultural fruit industry becomes more and more important. The planting area and the fruit yield of the fruit trees are increased year by year. However, with the increase of the planting area of the orchard, the contradiction between the mowing intensity and the increase of the planting area is intensified, and the demand on the orchard mower is increasingly strong. However, the existing mowing machines are mostly used for mowing lawns or weeding orchards, the orchard machines are few, and the development level of domestic mowers is different from that of mowers developed abroad. Therefore, most areas in China adopt processes of importing lawn mowers, price gunns, difficult maintenance, difficult after-sale and delaying orchard planting mechanization. In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an orchard mowing alfalfa harvesting mechanical device which comprises a main beam, a transmission mechanism, a cutting device, a profiling mechanism and a shock absorption mechanism.

Description

Orchard grass-mowing alfalfa harvesting mechanical device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a mowing alfalfa harvesting mechanical device for an orchard.

Background

Until now, the orchard mowing in the middle and western part of China is mostly finished by hand-operated or manpower and a self-propelled mower, and no agricultural orchard mowing machine which can harvest alfalfa is available, so that the labor intensity of workers is high, the danger of the labor to the workers is increased, the farming season is delayed, and the growth vigor of fruit trees and the quality of fruits are reduced. With the change of agricultural industry structure, the development of agricultural fruit industry becomes more and more important. The planting area and the fruit yield of the fruit trees are increased year by year. However, with the increase of the planting area of the orchard, the contradiction between the mowing intensity and the increase of the planting area is intensified, and the demand on the orchard mower is increasingly strong. However, the existing mowing machines are mostly used for mowing lawns or weeding orchards, the orchard machines are few, and the development level of domestic mowers is different from that of mowers developed abroad. Therefore, most areas in China adopt processes of importing lawn mowers, price gunns, difficult maintenance, difficult after-sale and delaying orchard planting mechanization.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

The invention aims to provide an orchard mowing alfalfa harvesting mechanical device, which solves the problems that an existing orchard mowing machine is poor in terrain environment adaptation, difficult to maintain, incapable of avoiding obstacles and incapable of harvesting alfalfa in an orchard planting alfalfa.

(II) technical scheme

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an orchard mowing alfalfa harvesting mechanical device which comprises a main beam, a transmission mechanism, a cutting device, a profiling mechanism and a shock absorption mechanism, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a gearbox, two side transmission gear shafts, a transmission gear, a cutter head and a belt transmission mechanism, one end of an input shaft of the gearbox is connected with a rear output shaft of a tractor, two ends of a rotating gear shaft at two sides are respectively connected with the input shaft of the gearbox and a cutter head shaft through gears, the belt transmission mechanism is a transmission mechanism for connecting the two disk cutting devices, the cutting device comprises the cutter head device and a connecting part, the profiling mechanism comprises a four-bar mechanism and a guide device, and the shock absorption mechanism comprises a shock absorption spring, a self-adaptive obstacle avoidance mechanism and a hinge mechanism in the profiling mechanism.

The cutting device comprises a cutter head, a cutter head shaft, a side cutter head connecting shaft and blades, the cutter head is connected with the cutter head shaft through a pin, and the cutter head shaft is connected with transmission gear shafts on two sides through gear connection.

Wherein, belt drive mechanism includes belt pulley, belt, the belt pulley passes through the key-type connection and installs on the cutter head axle.

The gearbox comprises a gearbox power input shaft, a speed increasing box and a power output shaft.

The four-bar mechanism comprises a profiling spring and a suspension bracket, and the suspension bracket is connected with the main beam through a hinge.

Wherein, the shock absorbing spring is connected with the suspension bracket.

The self-adaptive obstacle avoidance mechanism comprises a self-adaptive obstacle avoidance wheel, a hydraulic cylinder and an obstacle avoidance compression spring, and the self-adaptive obstacle avoidance wheel is connected with the side edge cutter head connecting shaft through key connection.

The radius of the self-adaptive obstacle avoidance wheel is 400mm, and the thickness of the self-adaptive obstacle avoidance wheel is 40 mm.

The diameter of the cutter head is 700mm, the length of the blade is 140mm, and the thickness of the cutting edge of the blade is 0.5 mm.

Wherein, the blade is made of 65Mn material.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention provides an orchard mowing alfalfa harvesting mechanical device, which uses a rear output shaft of a tractor as a power source, transmits the power source to cutterhead belt pulley transmission mechanisms on two sides through a bevel gear transmission mechanism, transmits the power source to an outermost cutterhead through belt transmission, and rotates the cutterheads on two sides to finish mowing and alfalfa harvesting operations. In addition, the profiling mechanism can guarantee the stubble height, so that the growing height of the next batch of alfalfa is the same, the alfalfa is convenient to manage and harvest, the obstacle avoiding wheel of the obstacle avoiding mechanism is used for touching the obstacle in advance, the obstacle avoiding wheel is in a regular circular shape, the spring can be compressed after the obstacle avoiding wheel touches the obstacle, the spring contracts, the obstacle avoiding wheel is used for crossing the obstacle, the obstacle avoiding wheel is connected with the cutter head below the obstacle avoiding wheel, the cutter head also moves along with the obstacle avoiding wheel, and all the cutter heads are skillfully used for avoiding the obstacle.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the manner in which the blades of the present invention are mounted.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a profiling apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an obstacle avoidance apparatus according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1: a blade; 2: obstacle avoidance wheels; 3: a pulley; 4: an obstacle avoidance shaft; 5: an obstacle avoidance compression spring; 6: a cutter head shaft; 7: a speed increasing box; 8: a gearbox; 9: a profiling spring; 10: a suspension bracket; 11: sliding the palm; 12: a cutter head.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides an orchard mowing alfalfa harvesting device, which includes a main beam, a transmission mechanism, a cutting device, a profiling mechanism and a shock absorbing mechanism.

Further, drive mechanism includes gearbox 8, both sides drive gear axle, drive gear, blade disc and belt drive mechanism, belt drive mechanism includes band pulley 3, belt, gearbox input shaft one end should be connected with the output shaft behind the tractor, both sides drive gear axle both ends are connected through the gear with gearbox input shaft and blade disc axle respectively, and the epaxial belt pulley of middle blade disc transmits the side blade disc connecting axle through belt drive, drives the side blade disc and rotates.

Further, the cutting device comprises a blade 1 and a cutter disc 12, the blade 1 and the cutter disc are connected through bolts, the installation is convenient, the replacement and repair are easy, the blade 1 is preferably 140mm in blade length and 0.5mm in blade thickness, and the cutter disc 12 is preferably 700mm in diameter.

Further, keep away the barrier device and include self-adaptation and keep away barrier wheel 2, the pneumatic cylinder, keep away barrier compression spring 5, keep away barrier wheel 5 through above and come to touch the barrier in advance, because keep away barrier wheel 5 and be a regular circular, can compress spring after he touches the barrier, the spring shrink lets keep away barrier wheel 5 and let and cross the barrier, because keep away barrier wheel 5 and cutterhead below and be connected, so the cutterhead also follows the removal, all cutterheads have just ingeniously avoided the barrier, keep away barrier wheel 5 design and 1/4 circles, the preferred radius of size is 310mm, limit shrink angle is 90 degrees, the operation breadth is 3260mm at the minimum during limit shrink, in order to guarantee to keep away the barrier smoothly, and normal work.

Furthermore, the profiling mechanism comprises a sliding palm 11, a link arm, a floating spring and a lifting arm, the profiling mechanism is one of indispensable main functional components of the omnibearing orchard weeding machine, the most important function of the profiling mechanism is to ensure that the consistent stubble cutting height of the weeding machine can be kept in the working process, and in order to better adapt to the complexity and the changeability of land terrain, a parallelogram profiling mechanism is mostly adopted, but due to the problems of suspension and traction, the invention adopts a three-rod profiling design, the preferred length of the profiling arm is 1400mm, the radius of the profiling arm is 22.5mm, the preferred length of the floating spring is 1200mm, the machine frame is connected with the suspension bracket through a connecting rod hinge, and the preferred length of the connecting rod is 250 mm.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an orchard alfalfa reaping machine device that mows which characterized in that includes: girder, drive mechanism, cutting device, profiling mechanism and mechanism of moving away to avoid possible earthquakes, drive mechanism includes gearbox, both sides drive gear axle, drive gear, blade disc and belt drive mechanism, gearbox input shaft one end should be connected with tractor rear output shaft, both sides rotating gear axle both ends are connected through the gear with gearbox input shaft and blade disc axle respectively, belt drive mechanism is the drive mechanism who connects two disc cutting devices, cutting device includes blade disc device and adapting unit, profiling mechanism includes four-bar linkage, guider, the mechanism of moving away to avoid possible earthquakes includes the spring of moving away to avoid possible earthquakes in the profiling mechanism, self-adaptation keeps away barrier mechanism, hinge mechanism.

2. The orchard mowing alfalfa harvesting mechanical device of claim 1, wherein the cutting device comprises a cutter head, a cutter head shaft, a side cutter head connecting shaft and blades, the cutter head and the cutter head shaft are connected through a pin, and the cutter head shaft is connected with transmission gear shafts on two sides through a gear connection.

3. The orchard mowing alfalfa harvesting mechanism of claim 1, wherein the belt drive comprises a pulley, a belt, the pulley keyed to a cutter head shaft.

4. The orchard mowing alfalfa harvesting mechanism of claim 1, wherein the gearbox comprises a gearbox power input shaft, a gearbox, and a power output shaft.

5. The orchard mowing alfalfa harvesting mechanism of claim 1, wherein the four-bar linkage comprises a floating spring, a suspension, the suspension being connected to the main beam by a hinged connection.

6. The orchard mower alfalfa harvesting mechanism of claim 1, wherein the suspension spring is attached to the hanger.

7. The orchard mowing alfalfa harvesting mechanical device of claim 1, wherein the adaptive obstacle avoidance mechanism comprises an adaptive obstacle avoidance wheel, a hydraulic cylinder and an obstacle avoidance compression spring, and the adaptive obstacle avoidance wheel is connected with the side cutterhead connecting shaft through key connection.

8. The orchard mowing alfalfa harvesting mechanical device of claim 7, wherein the radius of the adaptive obstacle avoidance wheel is 400mm, and the thickness of the adaptive obstacle avoidance wheel is 40 mm.

9. The orchard mower alfalfa harvesting mechanism of claim 2, wherein the cutterhead diameter is 700mm, the blades are 140mm long, and the blade edge thickness is 0.5 mm.

10. The intelligent bicycle parking device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the blade is made of 65 Mn.