CN110800413A - Ecological restoration method for coastal saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Ecological restoration method for coastal saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110800413A CN110800413A CN201911213653.7A CN201911213653A CN110800413A CN 110800413 A CN110800413 A CN 110800413A CN 201911213653 A CN201911213653 A CN 201911213653A CN 110800413 A CN110800413 A CN 110800413A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- salt content
- alkali
- backfilling
- total salt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological restoration method for coastal saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps: A. measuring the total salt content of a soil body of 30cm of coastal saline-alkali soil; B. digging a low-lying terrain with the caliber of 100cm and the deepest depth of 50cm, and placing the dug soil at the edge of the low-lying terrain; the distance between the circle centers of adjacent low-lying terrains is 150 cm; C. backfilling excavated soil in the ditch, wherein when the total salt content of a 30cm soil body is more than 20g/kg, the deepest depth after backfilling is 30 cm; when the total salt content is less than or equal to 20g/kg, the deepest depth after backfilling is 20 cm; D. digging a drainage ditch, and connecting all the low-lying areas in series, wherein the width of the drainage ditch is 10 cm; E. sowing; the seeding rate is 20 kg/mu. The technology of the invention does not need artificial irrigation, fully utilizes the influence of seasonal change, rainfall and terrain on the total salt content of the micro-area soil, and is simple and feasible, thereby realizing the ecological restoration of the saline-alkali soil, particularly the heavy saline-alkali soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ecological restoration method for saline-alkali soil, in particular to an ecological restoration method for coastal saline-alkali soil.
Background
A large area of saline-alkali soil exists in China, and due to the contradiction of land population, the saline-alkali soil improvement and utilization has a long history, and particularly a series of empirical techniques are formed for the saline-alkali soil improvement and utilization in the aspect of agricultural production. In recent years, a scientific research team including Yuanlong flat academy has begun to popularize the planting and application of salt-tolerant rice on saline-alkali soil in a large area through the development of salt-tolerant rice germplasm resources, and a good effect is achieved.
But the ecological restoration technology of saline-alkali soil is still less from the ecological perspective. The research in the aspect also mainly focuses on urban ecological construction, wherein technologies such as salt drainage by concealed pipes, salt isolation by filter layers, soil replacement and the like are widely applied in the engineering. However, due to the shortage of land resources, the cost of soil dressing is higher and higher, and the soil dressing is not sustainable, and in addition, engineering measures such as salt removal through concealed pipes have certain limitations, namely environmental problems caused by aging of the engineering measures and unsmooth salt removal. In addition, ecological restoration is carried out in an ecological area, damage and interference are required to be reduced as far as possible, so that ecological restoration is realized, and the new requirements cannot be realized by the traditional saline-alkali soil improvement and utilization technology, so that the exploration of a method for ecologically restoring saline-alkali soil is particularly important.
At present, for the saline-alkali soil original soil improvement technology, a soil conditioner and an organic fertilizer are generally added into soil, improvement is carried out through measures such as arrangement of a concealed pipe filter layer, a large amount of fresh water is needed in the process for leaching and thus soil salinity is reduced, and the soil salinity reaches the range suitable for plant growth. These measures not only require complicated process engineering, but also consume large amounts of fresh water resources, and are not sustainable. In addition, soil improvement of heavy saline-alkali soil is performed by salt-tolerant plants, but the application range is limited to the range of suitable salinity of the salt-tolerant plants, and the soil with higher salinity than the salt-tolerant plants still needs to be improved by traditional engineering measures.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to protect the ecological environment to the maximum extent, reduce the utilization of soil conditioners and fresh water resources, reduce the interference and damage to the nature and overcome the limitations of the traditional method, the invention utilizes the characteristics of climate and rainfall in the area and the characteristics of different salt tolerance of plants in different growth periods, in particular utilizes the succession law of the plants in the heavy saline-alkali soil in the natural state, and applies the minimum artificial measures by utilizing the natural laws, thereby achieving the maximum ecological effect.
The invention aims to drip and wash soil salinity through natural rainfall, redistribute the soil salinity in different areas by using low-lying terrains, achieve the effect of improving the soil salinity in micro-areas, and further gradually realize the improvement of the soil in the whole area and the plant coverage. According to the invention, through a special planting mode and a special terrain, the soil salinity and the soil moisture of a micro-area can be ensured to meet the growth of plants under different precipitation conditions.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides an ecological restoration method for coastal saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps:
A. measuring the total salt content of a soil body of 30cm of coastal saline-alkali soil;
B. digging a low-lying terrain with the caliber of 100cm and the deepest depth of 50cm, and placing the dug soil at the edge of the low-lying terrain; the distance between the circle centers of adjacent low-lying terrains is 150 cm;
C. backfilling excavated soil in the ditch, and determining the deepest depth value after backfilling according to the total salt content of a soil body of 30 cm; when the total salt content is more than 20g/kg, the deepest depth after backfilling is 30 cm; when the total salt content is less than or equal to 20g/kg, the deepest depth after backfilling is 20 cm;
D. digging a drainage ditch, and connecting all the low-lying areas in series, wherein the width of the drainage ditch is 10 cm;
E. sowing; the seeding rate is 20 kg/mu.
The coastal saline-alkali soil provided by the invention has the advantages that the average value of the total salt content of a 30cm soil layer is more than 10 g/kg; the content of clay particles smaller than 0.005 mm is more than 30 percent; the precipitation is in the region of above 400 mm.
More preferably, the coastal saline-alkali soil provided by the invention has the salt content of 20g/kg-50g/kg in the average value of the total salt content of 30cm soil layer, and the total salt content of 0-10cm soil layer is 20g/kg-50 g/kg; the content of clay particles smaller than 0.005 mm is 30-40%; wherein the precipitation in 6-8 months is above 300 mm.
Preferably, after backfilling in the step B and the step C, the whole body is in a gentle slope-shaped terrain; such as a "pot" type.
Preferably, in step D, the drainage ditch is normally in a closed state, and when the water accumulation exceeds 3 days before and ten days after the plant germination, the drainage ditch is opened for drainage.
Preferably, the seeding time in the step E is the seeding immediately after backfilling (natural gaps exist in soil after backfilling).
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for ecologically restoring the coastal heavy saline-alkali land utilizes the redistribution of soil salt, water and the like by the micro-topography to create a proper soil environment for plant growth, comprehensively utilizes multidisciplinary knowledge of meteorology, soil science, ecology and the like to ecologically restore the coastal heavy saline-alkali land, overcomes the defects of high cost, large engineering quantity and large interference on nature in the traditional heavy saline-alkali land treatment, and achieves the lowest interference on nature and pollution.
The technology of the invention does not need artificial irrigation, fully utilizes the influence of seasonal change, rainfall and terrain on the total salt content of the micro-area soil, and is simple and feasible, thereby realizing the ecological restoration of the saline-alkali soil, particularly the heavy saline-alkali soil.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Performing ecological restoration projects on heavy saline-alkali soil in east Shandong in 2018-2019, wherein the total salt content of a soil body of 30cm in 3 months is 29g/kg, the pH value is 8.3, the total salt content of a soil layer of 0-10cm on the surface layer is 38.8g/kg, and the pH value is 8.3;
A. selecting coastal saline-alkali soil, sampling a soil body of 30cm in early 3 months in 2018, and measuring the total salt content of the soil, wherein the total salt content is 29g/kg, and the clay content smaller than 0.005 mm is 34%;
b, digging a low-lying terrain with the diameter of 100cm and the deepest depth of 50cm according to the data in the A in 3 months of 2018, and placing the dug soil in the edge zone of the low-lying terrain; wherein the distance between the centers of adjacent low-lying circles is 150 cm;
c, backfilling excavated soil into the ditch at the bottom of 4 months in 2018 to enable the vertical height of the deepest distance from the opening edge to be 30cm, and enabling the low-lying terrain to be a gentle slope-shaped terrain;
D. digging a drainage ditch with the width of 10cm, wherein the distance between the bottom of the drainage ditch and the bottom of the low-lying area is 20cm, and connecting all the low-lying areas in series;
E. sowing: immediately broadcasting the seeds after backfilling, wherein the sowing amount is 20kg per mu;
the drainage ditch is always in a closed state because less rainwater does not accumulate water before the suaeda salsa sprouts and within 15 days of sprouting.
Comparison: open field without any treatment.
Watch 1
Watch two
Watch III
Watch four
In 2018: the spring is a salt surface-divided gathering period, the salt on the surface layer reaches the highest value in the early 4 months, and the salt gathers to a high place; the rainwater is increased in 5 months, the rainfall in 6-8 months is about 75% of the annual rainfall, the salt washing period is started, the salt content of the surface layer is reduced, and the salt is leached to the low-lying positions, so that the salt content of the 0-10cm soil layer at the bottom of the low-lying terrain is highest, and the salt content of other areas of the low-lying terrain is lower; in 2019: because the earth surface is covered by plants, although the evaporation is strong in spring, the salt surface segregation phenomenon of a 0-10cm soil layer in 4 months is weak and the salt migration is not obvious due to the covering of plant roots and dry branches and fallen leaves; although rainwater is increased at the end of 5 months and in the early 6 months, the soil structure is improved due to the action of plants, the soil infiltration rate is enhanced, the salt content is balanced as a whole, the method is basically suitable for the growth of suaeda salsa, the water accumulation time of the low-lying part is shortened due to the improvement of the soil structure through the plants, the plants are grown in the low-lying part, and the vegetation coverage rate reaches 92% by 2019, the end of October.
As July is the optimal time for the growth of suaeda salsa, the salt content of 0-30 layers of July soil in 2018 is detected, and the result shows that the low-lying terrain has a remarkable effect on redistribution of soil salt, the total salt content of 0-10cm soil in the surface layer is analyzed, the total salt content at the bottom is the highest, and the total salt content is reduced to be below 20g/kg at the position 20cm away from the vertical height of the bottom and the opening edge, particularly the total salt content of the soil at the position 20cm away from the vertical height of the bottom is only 8.55 g/kg. And the number of Suaeda salsa plants at different parts in 6-9 months in 2018 is counted, and the result shows that the number of the plants at the bottom of the furrow is the largest at the beginning of 6 months, mainly seedlings, and after the rainy season of 7 and 8 months comes, the bottom of the furrow is provided with accumulated water for a long time, the seedlings die gradually under the stress of rainwater, and the salt content and the water content are in proper ranges at the position 15cm away from the vertical height of the bottom, so that the plants are beneficial to the growth of the plants, and the plants at the position 20cm away from the vertical height of the bottom are mainly used at the bottom of 9 months.
Claims (6)
1. An ecological restoration method for coastal saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A. measuring the total salt content of a soil body of 30cm of coastal saline-alkali soil;
B. digging a low-lying terrain with the caliber of 100cm and the deepest depth of 50cm, and placing the dug soil at the edge of the low-lying terrain; the distance between the circle centers of adjacent low-lying terrains is 150 cm;
C. backfilling excavated soil in the ditch, and determining the deepest depth value after backfilling according to the total salt content of a soil body of 30 cm; when the total salt content is more than 20g/kg, the deepest depth after backfilling is 30 cm; when the total salt content is less than or equal to 20g/kg, the deepest depth after backfilling is 20 cm;
D. digging a drainage ditch, and connecting all the low-lying areas in series, wherein the width of the drainage ditch is 10 cm;
E. sowing; the seeding rate is 20 kg/mu.
2. The method for ecologically remedying the coastal saline-alkali land as set forth in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the coastal saline-alkali soil refers to a 30cm soil layer with the average total salt content of more than 10 g/kg; the content of clay particles smaller than 0.005 mm is more than 30 percent; the precipitation is in the region of above 400 mm.
3. The method for ecologically remedying the coastal saline-alkali land as set forth in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the coastal saline-alkali soil has the salt content of 20g/kg-50g/kg in the average value of the total salt content of a soil layer of 30cm, and the total salt content of a soil layer of 0-10cm is 20g/kg-50 g/kg; the content of clay particles smaller than 0.005 mm is 30-40%; wherein the precipitation in 6-8 months is above 300 mm.
4. The method for ecologically remedying the coastal saline-alkali land, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after backfilling in the step B and the step C, the whole body is in a gentle slope-shaped terrain; such as a "pot" type.
5. The method for ecologically remedying the coastal saline-alkali land, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and D, the drainage ditch is in a closed state generally, and the drainage ditch is opened for drainage when accumulated water exceeds 3 days before and ten days after the plant sprouts.
6. The method for ecologically remedying the coastal saline-alkali land, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and E, sowing in the step E is immediately broadcast after backfilling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911213653.7A CN110800413A (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Ecological restoration method for coastal saline-alkali soil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911213653.7A CN110800413A (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Ecological restoration method for coastal saline-alkali soil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110800413A true CN110800413A (en) | 2020-02-18 |
Family
ID=69492164
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911213653.7A Pending CN110800413A (en) | 2019-12-02 | 2019-12-02 | Ecological restoration method for coastal saline-alkali soil |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110800413A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116703181A (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-09-05 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Improvement method of saline-alkali soil |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102077715A (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2011-06-01 | 山东大学 | Method for improving severe saline-alkali soil by using open trench and hidden filler layer |
| CN102550160A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-07-11 | 杨润亚 | Rainwater-harvesting permeability-enhancing and evaporation-inhibiting method for improving saline and alkaline lands locally |
| CN105594445A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-05-25 | 天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司 | Low-cost greening method for coastal hydraulic reclamation high-saline-and-alkaline exposed field |
| RU2016131887A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-10 | Федеральное государственное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт гидротехники и мелиорации им. А.Н. Костякова" (ФГБНУ "ВНИИГиМ им. А.Н. Костякова") | METHOD FOR COMBINED PROCESSING OF SALONBURG COMPLEXES OF AREA LANDS |
| CN106605469A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-05-03 | 天津港海湾园林绿化有限公司 | Coastal reclamation land ecological restoration and greening method |
-
2019
- 2019-12-02 CN CN201911213653.7A patent/CN110800413A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102077715A (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2011-06-01 | 山东大学 | Method for improving severe saline-alkali soil by using open trench and hidden filler layer |
| CN102550160A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-07-11 | 杨润亚 | Rainwater-harvesting permeability-enhancing and evaporation-inhibiting method for improving saline and alkaline lands locally |
| CN106605469A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-05-03 | 天津港海湾园林绿化有限公司 | Coastal reclamation land ecological restoration and greening method |
| CN105594445A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2016-05-25 | 天津泰达盐碱地绿化研究中心有限公司 | Low-cost greening method for coastal hydraulic reclamation high-saline-and-alkaline exposed field |
| RU2016131887A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-10 | Федеральное государственное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт гидротехники и мелиорации им. А.Н. Костякова" (ФГБНУ "ВНИИГиМ им. А.Н. Костякова") | METHOD FOR COMBINED PROCESSING OF SALONBURG COMPLEXES OF AREA LANDS |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116703181A (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-09-05 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Improvement method of saline-alkali soil |
| CN116703181B (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-10-24 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Improvement method of saline-alkali soil |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Heng et al. | Effects of combined drip irrigation and sub-surface pipe drainage on water and salt transport of saline-alkali soil in Xinjiang, China | |
| Madramootoo et al. | Agronomic and environmental benefits of water-table management | |
| CN102792846B (en) | Wheat-corn double cropping symbiotic cultivation method in moderate saline-alkali soil based on buried pipe drainage and salt elimination | |
| CN102630539B (en) | Method for irrigating rice by appropriately utilizing rainwater | |
| Chen et al. | Chinese rose (Rosa chinensis) cultivation in Bohai Bay, China, using an improved drip irrigation method to reclaim heavy coastal saline soils | |
| CN101785394A (en) | Method for intercepting and controlling agricultural area source pollutants on slope farmland | |
| CN109392349B (en) | Method for planting sesbania through remediation of coastal mudflats of Jiangsu province | |
| CN107646225A (en) | A kind of method of heavy saline-alkali area at seashore original soil furnished equipments | |
| CN105684826A (en) | Method applicable to saline-alkali soil planting afforestation | |
| Mandal et al. | Land surface modification and crop diversification for enhancing productivity of a Vertisol | |
| CN105248067A (en) | Method for constructing coastal muddy saline-alkali soil jerusalem artichoke vegetation | |
| Chen et al. | Influence of mulches on urban vegetation construction in coastal saline land under drip irrigation in North China | |
| CN112825639A (en) | Coastal saline and alkaline land greening system based on landscaping waste utilization | |
| CN106489465B (en) | Method for recovering leymus chinensis vegetation in severe northern saline-alkali soil | |
| CN105794484A (en) | No-tillage planting method of tomato in northern Suzhou intertidal zone saline-alkali soil | |
| CN110800413A (en) | Ecological restoration method for coastal saline-alkali soil | |
| CN104604505B (en) | A kind of method utilizing plantation bacterium glass to administer feldspathic sandstone | |
| Swarajyalakshmi et al. | Soil salinity in South India: problems and solutions | |
| Sivapalan | Water balance of flooded rice in the tropics | |
| CN113632698A (en) | Compound planting method of quercus virginiana-sorghum in coastal saline-alkali soil | |
| CN108243893A (en) | A kind of method for carrying out nursery flower planting in serious pollution saline-alkali wetland | |
| CN113854053A (en) | Planting method for suaeda salsa vegetation seeds at estuary tidal flat | |
| Li et al. | Response of Symphyotrichum novi-belgii and Dianthus chinensis L. to saline water irrigation in a coastal saline soil | |
| CN109983973A (en) | A kind of biological method of tea place nitrogen discharge resistance control | |
| CN104396695A (en) | Dry land fruit tree planting technology |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200218 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |