CN110790645B - 含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物及其制备方法和区分手性环己二胺气体的应用 - Google Patents
含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物及其制备方法和区分手性环己二胺气体的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明属于超分子荧光传感薄膜材料技术领域,具体涉及一种含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物,以及该衍生物的制备方法和应用。
背景技术
手性是自然界一种普遍存在的现象,大多数重要的生物大分子都具有手性,并且许多重要的生命过程涉及手性物质之间的特定相互作用。此外,大多数现代药物和正在开发的药物都是手性化合物的单一对映体,它们往往具有比同类药物更高的药效和更低的毒性。例如(1R,2R)-环己二胺作为重要中间体应用于奥沙利铂的合成,经常作为肿瘤内科用以抗癌的常用药物。并且,大多数不对称合成涉及手性催化剂的合成,而(1S,2S)-环己二胺可用作手性源,合成功能化的手性配体球、通过“手性诱导”制备手性金属催化剂。因此,开发一种高效检测手性对映体的传感方法显得尤为重要。
由于对映异构体分子量、分子式相同,空间结构镜像对称,区分手性化合物存在着极大的困难。目前业已报道的区分手性化合物的方法有高效液相色谱法、毛细管电泳法、气相色谱法、荧光技术。但是大多数研究是在溶液中完成,耗时,无法实现原位检测,实际应用十分有限。受哺乳动物嗅觉系统启发,发展能实时在线检测手性化合物蒸汽的高性能化学传感器能有效的检测不同对映异构的成分。
目前,已报道的气相对映异构体传感器有精压电传感器和有机薄膜晶体管传感器,虽然上述传感方法可快速在线检测手性有机分子。然而,荧光技术拥有灵敏度高、选择性好、响应快速以及操作简便等优势,能快速、原位、高效的区分结构极为相似的待分析物。值得注意的是迄今为止,关于手性胺蒸气的对映选择性传感的报道很少,这也促使我们应用荧光传感系统来检测手性有机化合物蒸气。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物,并为该化合物提供一种操作简单、反应条件温和、产率高的制备方法,以及采用该衍生物制备的荧光传感薄膜检测不同对映异构体的环己二胺气体的应用。
针对上述目的,本发明所采用的含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物的结构式如下所示:
式中n=3~5的整数。
上述含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物的制备方法由下述步骤组成:
1、制备式Ⅰ化合物
将6-羟基-2-萘硼酸与2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇加入二氯甲烷中,在30~50℃下搅拌反应1~4小时,分离纯化产物,得到式Ⅰ化合物,其反应方程式如下:
2、制备式Ⅲ化合物
在氮气保护下,将式Ⅰ化合物、式Ⅱ化合物和无水碳酸钾加入乙腈中,在60~80℃下搅拌反应8~12小时,分离纯化产物,得到式Ⅲ化合物,其反应方程式如下:
3、制备式Ⅳ化合物
在氮气保护下,将(R)-6,6'-二溴-2,2'-双(甲氧基甲氧基)-1,1'-联萘酚、式Ⅲ化合物、无水碳酸钾和[1,1’-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯钯二氯甲烷络合物加入1,4-二氧六环中,在70~120℃下搅拌反应8~12小时,分离纯化产物,得到式Ⅳ化合物,其反应方程式如下:
4、制备含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物
在氮气保护下,将式Ⅳ化合物加入无水乙醇与二氯甲烷体积比为1:0.05~0.1的混合液中,然后在搅拌条件下逐滴滴加入浓盐酸,在40~60℃下搅拌反应3~8小时,分离纯化产物,得到含双羟基的联萘衍生物。
上述步骤1中,优选6-羟基-2-萘硼酸与2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇的摩尔比为1:(1~8)。
上述步骤2中,优选式Ⅰ化合物与式Ⅱ化合物、无水碳酸钾的摩尔比为1:(1~10):(7~9)。
上述步骤3中,优选(R)-6,6'-二溴-2,2'-双(甲氧基甲氧基)-1,1'-联萘酚与式Ⅲ化合物、无水碳酸钾、[1,1’-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯钯二氯甲烷络合物的摩尔比为1:(2~4):(7~9):(0.1~1)。
本发明含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物在区分识别手性环己二胺气体中的用途,具体检测方法如下:
将含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物溶于PEG 200中,配制成60μmol/L含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物储备液;将含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物储备液与具有亲疏水微区的金基底(根据公布号为CN 105524611A中的方法制备)相接触,在亲水性巯基十一烷酸单分子层区域形成液滴直径为25~100μm的有序图案,制备成微阵列气-液界面单分子层荧光传感薄膜;采用荧光光谱仪先测定该荧光传感薄膜置于空气中时在波长为417nm处的荧光发射强度I0,然后测定其置于不同浓度(1S,2S)-环己二胺蒸汽中时在波长为417nm处的荧光发射强度I,绘制I/I0值随(1S,2S)-环己二胺蒸汽浓度变化的标准曲线;按照上述方法用荧光光谱仪测量待测环己二胺样品的荧光强度,结合标准曲线的线性方程即可实现待测环己二胺样品中(1S,2S)-环己二胺气体的定性和定量检测。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有的有益效果如下:
1、本发明含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物是以含有双羟基的联萘主体分子为疏水头基、醚氧链为亲水尾巴的两亲性荧光分子,其制备方法简单、反应条件温和、产率高。
2、本发明以超分子自组装原理为理论依据,利用含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物的表面富集特性实现荧光物种在微阵列化的PEG 200气液界面的有序组装,形成分子层次上高度有序,微米尺度上规则排布的新型荧光传感材料。
3、采用本发明的含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物在PEG 200气液界面自组装形成的微阵列化的单分子层荧光传感薄膜,实现了对不同对映异构体环己二胺气体的快速、高选择性检测识别,并且该荧光传感薄膜可以循环利用。
附图说明
图1是实施例1的含两羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物在PEG 200气液界面自组装形成的微阵列气-液界面单分子层荧光传感薄膜的金相显微镜照片。
图2是实施例1的含两羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物在PEG 200气液界面自组装形成的微阵列气-液界面单分子层荧光传感薄膜的荧光显微镜照片。
图3是实施例1的含两羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物在PEG 200气液界面自组装形成的微阵列气-液界面单分子层荧光传感薄膜在60ppm的(1S,2S)-环己二胺气体和(1R,2R)-环己二胺气体中浸泡前后的荧光发射光谱图。
图4是实施例1的含两羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物在PEG 200气液界面自组装形成的微阵列气-液界面单分子层荧光传感薄膜在检测(1S,2S)-环己二胺气体时,417nm处的荧光强度I/I0随蒸气压变化的点线图。
图5是实施例1的含两羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物在PEG 200气液界面自组装形成的微阵列气-液界面单分子层荧光传感薄膜在60ppm(1S,2S)-环己二胺蒸汽下响度强度随时间扫描的点线图。
图6是实施例1的含两羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物在PEG 200气液界面自组装形成的微阵列气-液界面单分子层荧光传感薄膜对60ppm(1S,2S)-环己二胺可逆性传感的示意图。
图7是实施例1的含两羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物在PEG 200气液界面自组装形成的微阵列气-液界面单分子层荧光传感薄膜对60ppm(1S,2S)-环己二胺气体选择性传感的对比图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步详细说明,但本发明的保护范围不仅限于这些实施例。
实施例1
1、制备式Ⅰ化合物
将1.51g(8.07mmol)6-羟基-2-萘基硼酸和1.17g(11.25mmol)2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇溶解于50mL纯化的二氯甲烷中,在35℃下搅拌反应4h,反应完后,减压蒸除二氯甲烷得到粗产品。以乙酸乙酯和石油醚体积比1:1的混合溶剂作流动相、硅胶作为固定相,柱层析纯化粗产品,真空干燥后得白色固体1.72g,即式Ⅰ化合物,产率为83.5%。反应方程式如下:
所得式I化合物的核磁氢谱表征结果如下:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,Me4Si)δH:8.28(1H),7.79(2H),7.65(1H),7.13(1H),7.08(1H),3.87(4H),
1.05(6H)。
2、制备式Ⅲ-1化合物
将1.66g(6.48mmol)式Ⅰ化合物和1.87g(5.88mmol)式Ⅱ-1化合物溶于100mL纯化的乙腈中,在氮气保护下,加入2.46g(17.80mmol)K2CO3,在80℃下搅拌反应12h。反应完后,减压蒸除乙腈得到粗产品,将粗产品溶解于50mL二氯甲烷中,用蒸馏水多次萃取后,用无水Na2SO4干燥有机相,减压蒸除有机相中的二氯甲烷,得到白色油状物。以乙酸乙酯和石油醚体积比为1:2的混合溶剂作流动相、硅胶作为固定相,柱层析纯化白色油状物;再以乙酸乙酯和石油醚体积比为3:1的混合溶剂作流动相、硅胶作为固定相,进行柱层析纯化,经真空干燥后得到白色固体1.31g,即式Ⅲ-1化合物,产率为50%。反应方程式如下:
所得式Ⅲ-1化合物的核磁氢谱表征结果如下:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,Me4Si)δH:8.26(1H),7.79(2H),7.69(1H),7.12(2H),4.24(2H),3.91(2H,),3.91(4H),3.66(10H),3.52(2H),3.36(3H),1.04(6H)。
3、制备式Ⅳ-1化合物
将0.63g(1.18mmol)(R)-6,6'-二溴-2,2'-双(甲氧基甲氧基)-1,1'-联萘酚和1.18g(2.63mmol)式Ⅲ-1化合物溶于60mL纯化的1,4-二氧六环中,在氮气保护下,依次加入7.14mL超纯水、1.45g(10.51mmol)K2CO3和0.19g(0.24mmol)二氯[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]钯(II)二氯甲烷络合物(Pd(pddf)Cl2),在90℃下搅拌反应12h。反应完后,减压蒸除溶剂,将粗产品溶解在50mL二氯甲烷中,用蒸馏水和饱和食盐水进行多次萃取,用无水Na2SO4干燥有机相,减压蒸除有机相中的二氯甲烷,经真空干燥后得到无色油状物。以乙酸乙酯为流动相、硅胶为固定相进行柱层析纯化无色油状物,经真空干燥后得黄色粘稠的液体1.18g,即式Ⅳ-1化合物,产率为96%。反应方程式如下:
所得式Ⅳ-1化合物的表征结果如下:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,Me4Si)δH:8.20(4H),8.05(4H),7.81(6H),7.64(4H),7.32(2H),7.26(2H),7.17(2H),5.13(2H),5.05(2H),4.27(4H),3.94(4H),3.68-3.77(20H),3.54(4H),3.37(6H),3.21(6H)。
4、制备含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物
称取328mg(0.46mmol)式Ⅳ-1化合物溶解在3mL纯化的二氯甲烷中,再将该溶液加到30mL纯化的无水乙醇中,搅拌10min后,逐滴加入3.29mL12mol/L的浓盐酸,搅拌30min后,通氮气20min进行脱气,在40℃下搅拌6h,用饱和NaHCO3水溶液猝灭反应,用无水乙醚进行多次萃取,用无水Na2SO4干燥有机相,减压蒸除有机相中的乙醚,得到淡黄色油状物;将该淡黄色油状物溶解于二氯甲烷后,滴加到正己烷中,静置分层,下层固体沉淀溶解于二氯甲烷后,再滴加到正己烷中,重复此过程3次,减压蒸除二氯甲烷和正己烷,得到粗产品。以乙酸乙酯和甲醇体积比为30:1的混合溶剂作流动相、硅胶作为固定相,将粗产品进行柱层析纯化,经真空干燥后得到黄色固体0.22g,即式Ⅴ-1所示含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物产率为50%。
所得式Ⅳ的表征结果如下:1H NMR(600MHz,(CD3)2SO,Me4Si)δH:9.34(2H),8.29(2H),8.19(4H),8.01(2H),7.89(6H)7.68(2H),7.38(2H),7.21(2H),7.12(2H),4.23(4H),3.82(4H),3.50-3.49(20H),3.39(4H),3.21(6H)。
实施例2
实施例1中含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物在区分手性环己二胺气体中的应用,具体方法如下:
将含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物溶于PEG 200中,配制成60μmol/L含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物储备液;将含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物储备液与具有亲疏水微区的金基底相接触,在亲水性巯基十一烷酸单分子层区域形成液滴直径为50μm的有序图案,制备成微阵列气-液界面单分子层荧光传感薄膜(见图1和图2)。
将上述荧光传感薄膜置于不含手性环己二胺的空气中,采用FLS980型单光子计数时间分辨荧光光谱仪测定该荧光传感薄膜的荧光发射光谱图,然后将荧光传感薄膜置于60ppm(1S,2S)-环己二胺或(1R,2R)-环己二胺蒸汽中,采用FLS980型单光子计数时间分辨荧光光谱仪测定荧光传感薄膜的荧光发射光谱图,结果见图3。由图3可见,该荧光传感薄膜在60ppm(1S,2S)-环己二胺蒸汽下,在417nm处的荧光强度有1.72倍的增强,而此荧光传感薄膜在60ppm(1R,2R)-环己二胺蒸汽下,在417nm处的荧光强度无特别明显的变化,说明该荧光传感薄膜对环己二胺的不同对映异构体有很好的手性区分。
进一步将上述荧光传感薄膜分别置于浓度为2ppm、5ppm、9ppm、12ppm、16ppm的(1S,2S)-环己二胺蒸汽体系中,采用FLS980型单光子计数时间分辨荧光光谱仪测定荧光传感薄膜在417nm处的荧光强度I,然后绘制I/I0随(1S,2S)-环己二胺蒸汽浓度变化的标准曲线,结果见图4。由图4可见,在417nm处的荧光强度随着体系中(1S,2S)-环己二胺蒸汽浓度的增大而不断的增强,说明该荧光传感薄膜对(1S,2S)-环己二胺气体的检测灵敏度很高:当(1S,2S)-环己二胺气体在浓度为2~16ppm时,I/I0值与(1S,2S)-环己二胺气体浓度呈线性关系,线性关系方程为y=0.02206x+0.98012,式中y为I/I0值,x为(1S,2S)-环己二胺气体浓度,相关系数为0.98358。由相关系数可见,I/I0值与(1S,2S)-环己二胺气体浓度的线性关系很好。经计算,该荧光传感薄膜对(1S,2S)-环己二胺气体浓度检出限为0.19ppm。
将上述荧光传感薄膜置于不含手性环己二胺的空气中,采用Home-made sensingplatform(参见ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces,2018,10,35647-35655.)测定该荧光传感薄膜在437nm处的荧光强度I0,然后将60ppm(1S,2S)-环己二胺蒸汽以2mm/s的速度进样,该仪器会监测该荧光传感薄膜在波长为437nm处随时间变化的荧光强度I,然后绘制荧光响应强度(I-I0)随时间变化的曲线,结果见图5。由图5可见,该荧光传感薄膜对(1S,2S)-环己二胺蒸汽具有很快的响应速度,达到秒级。并且抽气2.6秒左右,薄膜荧光强度恢复。重复以上操作50次,绘制荧光响应强度随时间变化的曲线,结果见图6。由图6可见,该荧光传感薄膜具有很好的传感可逆性。
采用FLS980型单光子计数时间分辨荧光光谱仪分别测定上述荧光传感薄膜在浓度为60ppm二正丙胺、(R)-苯乙胺、(S)-苯乙胺、1,2-异二丙胺、乙二胺、丙胺、氨气、二乙胺、异丙胺、二异丁胺、苯胺、D-亮氨酸、L-亮氨酸、D-缬氨醇、L-缬氨醇、(1R,2R)-环己二胺、(1S,2S)-环己二胺体系中的荧光发射强度,然后绘制I/I0-1与不同气体的柱状图,结果见图7。由图7可见,该荧光传感薄膜对(1S,2S)-环己二胺具有很好的选择性。
Claims (8)
2.一种权利要求1所述的含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于它由下述步骤组成:
(1)制备式Ⅰ化合物
将6-羟基-2-萘硼酸与2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇加入二氯甲烷中,在30~50℃下搅拌反应1~4小时,分离纯化产物,得到式Ⅰ化合物;
(2)制备式Ⅲ化合物
在氮气保护下,将式Ⅰ化合物、式Ⅱ化合物和无水碳酸钾加入乙腈中,在60~80℃下搅拌反应8~12小时,分离纯化产物,得到式Ⅲ化合物;
(3)制备式Ⅳ化合物
在氮气保护下,将(R)-6,6'-二溴-2,2'-双(甲氧基甲氧基)-1,1'-联萘酚、式Ⅲ化合物、无水碳酸钾和[1,1’-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯钯二氯甲烷络合物加入1,4-二氧六环中,在70~120℃下搅拌反应8~12小时,分离纯化产物,得到式Ⅳ化合物;
(4)制备含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物
在氮气保护下,将式Ⅳ化合物加入无水乙醇与二氯甲烷体积比为1:0.05~0.1的混合液中,然后在搅拌条件下逐滴滴加入浓盐酸,在40~60℃下搅拌反应3~8小时,分离纯化产物,得到含双羟基的联萘衍生物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,所述6-羟基-2-萘硼酸与2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇的摩尔比为1:(1~8)。
4.根据权利要求2所述的含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述式Ⅰ化合物与式Ⅱ化合物、无水碳酸钾的摩尔比为1:(1~10):(7~9)。
5.根据权利要求2所述的含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,所述(R)-6,6'-二溴-2,2'-双(甲氧基甲氧基)-1,1'-联萘酚与式Ⅲ化合物、无水碳酸钾、[1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁]二氯钯二氯甲烷络合物的摩尔比为1:(2~4):(7~9):(0.1~1)。
6.根据权利要求2所述的含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,所述式Ⅳ化合物与HCl的摩尔比为1:(50~85)。
7.权利要求1所述的含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物在区分手性环己二胺气体中的用途。
8.根据权利要求7所述的含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物在区分手性环己二胺气体中的用途,其特征在于:将含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物溶于PEG 200中,配制成60μmol/L含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物储备液;将含双羟基的两亲性联萘衍生物储备液与具有亲疏水微区的金基底相接触,在亲水性巯基十一烷酸单分子层区域形成液滴直径为25~100μm的有序图案,制备成微阵列气-液界面单分子层荧光传感薄膜;采用荧光光谱仪先测得该荧光传感薄膜置于空气中时在波长为417nm处的荧光发射强度I0,然后测定其置于不同浓度(1S,2S)-环己二胺蒸汽中时在波长为417nm处的荧光发射强度I,绘制I/I0值随(1S,2S)-环己二胺蒸汽浓度变化的标准曲线;按照上述方法用荧光光谱仪测量待测环己二胺样品的荧光强度,结合标准曲线的线性方程即可实现待测环己二胺样品中(1S,2S)-环己二胺气体的定性和定量检测。
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