CN110790350A - Aquaculture water quality improver and preparation method thereof, and preparation method of powder and tablet of aquiculture water quality improver - Google Patents
Aquaculture water quality improver and preparation method thereof, and preparation method of powder and tablet of aquiculture water quality improver Download PDFInfo
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- CN110790350A CN110790350A CN201911184874.6A CN201911184874A CN110790350A CN 110790350 A CN110790350 A CN 110790350A CN 201911184874 A CN201911184874 A CN 201911184874A CN 110790350 A CN110790350 A CN 110790350A
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
Abstract
An aquaculture water quality improver and a preparation method thereof and a preparation method of powder and tablets thereof, wherein the water quality improver comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0-50% of potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt, 0-20% of sodium persulfate, 0-20% of potassium persulfate, 0-20% of ammonium persulfate, 0-10% of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 0-10% of sodium chlorite and 0-10% of refined iodine. According to the aquaculture water quality improver, the preparation method thereof and the preparation method of the powder and the tablet thereof, the water quality and the substrate can be improved in aquaculture through the mutual synergistic effect of the raw materials of the components, and the aquaculture water quality improver is efficient, safe and non-irritant; the organic waste water treatment agent has the effects of improving water quality and substrate, quickly degrading organic waste in water, particularly at the bottom of a pool, quickly eliminating the phenomena of blackening, smelling, heating and mud skin breeding at the bottom and effectively degrading pathogenic factors in the water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an aquaculture water quality improver, a preparation method thereof, and preparation methods of powder and tablets thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of high-density intensive aquaculture industry, the aquaculture environment is continuously deteriorated, especially in high-density single-variety pond culture with still water and no pollution discharge, the aquaculture accumulates a large amount of residual baits, excreta, animal residues and the like, various organic pollutants in the water body and the bottom of the aquaculture pond are increased, the anaerobic decomposition layer at the bottom of the pond is continuously thickened, and toxic and harmful substances such as nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, organic suspended matters, sulfides and the like are accumulated, so that the ecological system of the aquaculture water body is unbalanced; and the weather changes such as water temperature change and salinity change caused by stormy weather are added, so that the cultured animals appear: the unbalanced osmotic pressure, the stress and the reduced immunity easily cause the eutrophication of the culture water body, aggravate the outbreak and spread of pathogenic microorganisms in the culture water body, frequently cause diseases and cause disastrous losses to the aquaculture industry.
The epidemic diseases of aquatic animals frequently outbreaked in recent years restrict the healthy development of aquaculture industry. In addition, drug-resistant strains in aquaculture continuously appear due to long-term abuse of antibiotics, the ecological balance of microorganisms in aquaculture water is seriously damaged, the quality of cultured animals is influenced, indirect harm is caused to human bodies, and export is influenced, so that the key problem of ensuring the sustainable development of aquaculture industry is to regulate and control water quality and improve culture environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In a first aspect, the application provides an aquaculture water quality improver which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 0-50% of potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt, 0-20% of sodium persulfate, 0-20% of potassium persulfate, 0-20% of ammonium persulfate, 0-10% of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 0-10% of sodium chlorite and 0-10% of refined iodine.
In a second aspect, the present application also provides a preparation method of the aquaculture water quality improver, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and mixing the raw materials according to the corresponding mass fractions to obtain the aquaculture water quality improver.
In a third aspect, the application also provides a preparation method of the aquaculture water quality improver powder, which comprises the following steps:
selecting raw materials of each component according to the corresponding mass fraction;
respectively crushing the raw materials of each component;
judging whether the raw materials of all the components pass through a 24-mesh screen;
if the raw materials pass through the two-dimensional mixer, adding the raw materials into the two-dimensional mixer, and mixing for 30 minutes to obtain the aquaculture water quality improver powder;
if any component raw material does not pass through, continuously crushing the raw material, and circularly carrying out the judgment operation.
Preferably, when the aquaculture water quality improver powder is prepared, the humidity of the preparation environment is below 70%.
In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a method for preparing an aquaculture water quality improver tablet as described above, the method comprising the steps of:
selecting raw materials of each component according to the corresponding mass fraction;
mixing the raw materials of each component with 0-3% of magnesium stearate or 0-5% of lauryl sodium sulfate by mass;
respectively crushing the raw materials of each component;
judging whether the raw materials of all the components pass through a 24-mesh screen;
if the raw materials pass through the two-dimensional mixer, adding the raw materials into the two-dimensional mixer, mixing for 30 minutes, and tabletting the obtained mixture to obtain 0.4-0.45 g/tablet of the aquaculture water quality improver;
if any component raw material does not pass through, continuously crushing the raw material, and circularly carrying out the judgment operation.
Preferably, when the aquaculture water quality improver tablet is prepared, the humidity of the preparation environment is below 70%.
According to the aquaculture water quality improver, the preparation method thereof and the preparation method of the powder and the tablet thereof, the water quality and the substrate can be improved in aquaculture through the mutual synergistic effect of the raw materials of the components, and the aquaculture water quality improver is efficient, safe and non-irritant; the organic waste water treatment agent has the effects of improving water quality and substrate, quickly degrading organic waste in water, particularly at the bottom of a pool, quickly eliminating the phenomena of blackening, smelling, heating and mud skin breeding at the bottom and effectively degrading pathogenic factors in the water.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of aquaculture water quality improver powder provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a preparation method of an aquaculture water quality improver tablet provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the application, the application provides an aquaculture water quality improver which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 0-50% of potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt, 0-20% of sodium persulfate, 0-20% of potassium persulfate, 0-20% of ammonium persulfate, 0-10% of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 0-10% of sodium chlorite and 0-10% of refined iodine.
Wherein the action and the working mechanism of the raw materials of each component are as follows:
oxone complex salt: the potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt is a novel special disinfectant for drinking water, which is non-chlorine composite active oxygen. The potassium monopersulfate single agent is dissolved in water and can be rapidly decomposed to release active oxygen through chain reaction, and further a plurality of active ingredients such as hydroxyl free radical and hydrogen peroxide free radical are formed, and the active ingredients establish a stable and balanced system, so that efficient disinfection is realized.
Sodium persulfate: is in a high oxidation state, has strong oxidizing property, is easy to decompose and release oxygen, thereby playing a role in oxidizing harmful substances, organic matters, viruses, bacteria and the like in water and playing a role in disinfection.
Potassium persulfate: strong oxidizing agents act to disinfect and bleach fabrics by releasing active oxygen.
Ammonium persulfate: ammonium salts of peroxodisulfuric acid, peroxodisulfates contain peroxy groups and are strong oxidizers. The disinfection principle is the same as that of sodium persulfate.
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate: a chlorine-containing disinfectant. The sodium dichloroisocyanurate is decomposed into hypochlorous acid and cyanuric acid in water, and the hypochlorous acid releases active chlorine and nascent oxygen to produce chlorination and oxidation reaction on the raw bacterial pulp protein to produce bactericidal effect.
Sodium chlorite: sodium chlorite can release hypochlorous acid in water, which releases active primary oxygen to exhibit bactericidal action, which is fast and strong. Has bactericidal effect on bacteria propagules, viruses, etc.
Refined iodine: iodine has a strong ability to replace covalent hydrogen and it affects the survival of microorganisms through the interaction with OH, NH, CH, SH groups: proteins, enzymes, nucleic acids undergo lethal structural changes; protein synthesis is hindered; loss of cellular respiratory enzyme activity; the physical properties of the unsaturated fatty acid are changed, and the fluidity of the film is reduced; the spore is swollen, deformed, recessed or partially damaged; the cortical and cortical layers penetrate the barrier, leading to leakage of dipicolinic acid, DNA, RNA, etc.; the activities of glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase in the cells were decreased. A disinfectant for preventing and treating bacterial and viral diseases of aquatic animals.
In the aquaculture water quality modifier provided by the application, oxone complex salt, sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate are disinfected through oxidation; sodium dichloroisocyanurate and sodium chlorite are chlorine-containing disinfectants and have bactericidal action by performing chlorination and oxidation reactions on bacterial proteins; the refined iodine is an iodine-containing disinfectant, and has a disinfection effect by influencing the survival of microorganisms through the action of OH, NH, CH and SH groups; the raw materials of each component are mutually cooperated and synergized through different ways, and the disinfection efficiency is improved.
In an embodiment of the present application, the present application further provides a preparation method of the above aquaculture water quality improving agent, including: and mixing the raw materials according to the corresponding mass fractions to obtain the aquaculture water quality improver.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, the present application further provides a preparation method of the aquaculture water quality improver powder, which includes the steps of:
s101, selecting raw materials of each component according to the corresponding mass fraction;
s102, respectively crushing the raw materials of each component;
s103, judging whether the raw materials of all the components pass through a 24-mesh screen;
s104, if the raw materials pass through the two-dimensional mixer, adding the raw materials into the two-dimensional mixer, and mixing for 30 minutes to obtain aquaculture water quality improver powder;
and S105, if any component raw material does not pass through, continuously crushing the raw material, and circularly judging.
In the embodiment of the application, when the aquaculture water quality modifier powder is prepared, the humidity of the preparation environment is below 70 percent so as to prevent medicines from being wet. And all the raw materials, the mixture and the finished product are not contacted with reducing substances and inflammable substances such as allicin, so that the pesticide effect is prevented from being reduced or dangers are prevented.
Referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present application, the present application further provides a method for preparing the aquaculture water quality improver tablet, which comprises the following steps:
s201, selecting raw materials of each component according to the corresponding mass fraction;
s202, mixing the raw materials of each component with 0-3% of magnesium stearate or 0-5% of sodium dodecyl sulfate (magnesium stearate or sodium dodecyl sulfate is better for forming when tablets are used for tabletting);
s203, respectively crushing the raw materials of each component;
s204, judging whether the raw materials of all the components pass through a 24-mesh screen;
s205, if the two-dimensional mixture passes through, adding the raw materials into a two-dimensional mixer, mixing for 30 minutes, and tabletting the obtained mixture to obtain 0.4-0.45 g/tablet of the aquaculture water quality improver;
and S206, if any component raw material does not pass through, continuously crushing the raw material, and circularly judging.
In the examples of the present application, when the aquaculture water quality improving agent tablet is prepared, the humidity of the preparation environment is below 70% to prevent the drugs from being wet. And all the raw materials, the mixture and the finished product are not contacted with reducing substances and inflammable substances such as allicin, so that the pesticide effect is prevented from being reduced or dangers are prevented.
The following describes a water quality improving agent for aquaculture provided by the application with specific experimental data.
Experiment one
(1) Breed for test cultivation
The tested breeding variety is the mixed breeding of grass carp and silver carp.
(2) Test fishery
Lotus fishery in ningxiang city of Changsha city, Hunan province. The initial conditions of two adjacent fishponds are similar, the size of each fishpond is about 8 mu, the water depth is about 2m, and a one-time throwing and one-time catching mode is adopted after the fishponds are aired.
(3) Design of experiments
The experiment set 2 treatments.
Test group a 1: the 'synergistic oversulphide composite salt aquaculture water quality improver' developed by Changsha Bainite biotechnological research institute Limited is prepared from 20% of potassium bisulfate, 20% of sodium persulfate, 10% of potassium persulfate, 10% of ammonium persulfate and 40% of auxiliary material anhydrous sodium sulfate.
Control group a 0: no treatment is done.
In the culture process, the fertilizer is sprayed every 7d in the whole pond in the test 1, and the using amount is 500 g/mu.m. The experimental group and the control group have the same other conditions (including the seedling number and the ratio, the bait application time and the bait dosage, the oxygen charging time, the disinfection and the like). Sampling the same water taking points one day before the water quality modifier is added, 7 days, 15 days, 30 days, 90 days, 150 days and 240 days after the water quality modifier is used, performing routine water quality determination, and fishing eight months later to determine the yield. Experiment time: 3/2/2019-11/02/2019.
(4) Results and analysis of the experiments
Table 1: water quality testing results
Remarking: normal values: the pH value is 6.5-8.5, DO is more than or equal to 5mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.02mg/L, nitrite is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L, vibrio is less than 1800 per ml, the number of saprolegnia is less than 100 per ml, the number of escherichia coli is less than 5000 per L
Table 2: culture yield after eight months
And (4) analyzing results: the data in tables 1 and 2 show that after the aquaculture water quality modifier provided by the application is applied, the water quality condition is improved, the contents of pH value, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite are always controlled at good levels, the number of pathogenic bacteria (vibrio, saprolegnia and escherichia coli) is reduced, a good environment is provided for the healthy and rapid growth of aquaculture animals, the growth speed of the aquaculture animals is increased, and therefore the yield of an experimental group is obviously higher than that of a control group.
Experiment two
(1) Materials and methods
1kg of aged pond bottom mud is added with 2L of pond water and placed in a glass container. The test was designed as a control group, a test group, and the same position of bottom sludge and pond water was taken.
(2) Design of experiments
The experiment set 2 treatments.
Test group a 1: the ' synergistic oversulphide composite salt aquaculture water quality improver ' developed by Changshabet biological science and technology research institute Limited ' comprises 25% of potassium bisulfate, 25% of sodium persulfate, 5% of potassium persulfate, 5% of ammonium persulfate, 10% of sodium dichloroisocyanurate and 30% of auxiliary anhydrous sodium sulfate. And (3) sprinkling the water quality modifier of the synergistic oversulfur composite salt into a glass container according to the dosage of 500 g/mu.m, and analyzing the content of the nutrient components in the bottom mud after 24 hours.
Control group a 0: no treatment is done.
Before and after the test, the sediment is dried to analyze the contents of the nutrient components of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matters.
(3) Results and analysis of the experiments
Table 1: water quality testing results
Remarking: normal values: the pH value is 6.5-8.5, DO is more than or equal to 5mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.02mg/L, nitrite is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L, vibrio is less than 1800 per ml, the number of saprolegnia is less than 100 per ml, the number of escherichia coli is less than 5000 per L
Table 2: cultivation yield after six months
And (4) analyzing results: the data in tables 1 and 2 show that after the aquaculture water quality modifier provided by the application is applied, the water quality condition is better, the contents of PH value, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite are always controlled at good levels, the number of pathogenic bacteria (vibrio, saprolegnia and escherichia coli) is reduced, the culture yield is increased, and the water quality modifier of the synergistic oversulfur composite salt is proved to have obvious effects on improving water quality, degrading pathogenic factors in water and improving culture yield.
Experiment three
(1) Breed for test cultivation
The tested breeding species is the mixed breeding of grass carp, silver carp and bighead carp.
(2) Test fishery
The kylin fishery in Ningxiang city of Changxa city, Hunan. The initial conditions of two adjacent fishponds are similar, the size of each fishpond is about 12 mu, the water depth is about 1.8 m, and a one-time throwing and one-time catching mode is adopted after the fishponds are dried.
(3) Design of experiments
The experiment set 2 treatments.
Test group a 1: the aquaculture water quality modifier of synergistic persulfate compound salt is developed by Changshabet biological science and technology research institute limited, and comprises 20% of potassium bisulfate, 20% of sodium persulfate, 5% of potassium persulfate, 5% of ammonium persulfate, 5% of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 5% of sodium chlorite, 3% of refined iodine and 37% of anhydrous sodium sulfate serving as an auxiliary material.
Control group a 0: no treatment is done.
In the culture process, the fertilizer is sprayed every 7d in the whole pond in the test 1, and the using amount is 500 g/mu.m. The experimental group and the control group have the same other conditions (including the seedling number and the ratio, the bait application time and the bait dosage, the oxygen charging time, the disinfection and the like). Sampling the same water taking points one day before the water quality modifier is added, 7 days, 15 days, 30 days, 90 days and 180 days after the water quality modifier is used, performing routine water quality determination, and fishing six months later to determine the yield. Experiment time: 10 days 4 months in 2019-10 months 10 days in 2019.
(4) Results and analysis of the experiments
TABLE 1 Water quality test results
Remarking: normal values: the pH value is 6.5-8.5, DO is more than or equal to 5mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is less than or equal to 0.02mg/L, nitrite is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L, vibrio is less than 1800 per ml, the number of saprolegnia is less than 100 per ml, the number of escherichia coli is less than 5000 per L
TABLE 2 cultivation yields after six months
And (4) analyzing results: the data in tables 1 and 2 show that after the aquaculture water quality modifier provided by the application is applied, the water quality condition is better, the contents of PH value, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite are always controlled at good levels, the number of pathogenic bacteria (vibrio, saprolegnia and escherichia coli) is reduced, the culture yield is increased, and the water quality modifier of the synergistic oversulfur composite salt is proved to have obvious effects on improving water quality, degrading pathogenic factors in water and improving culture yield.
Experiment four
(1) Materials and methods
1kg of the aged pond sediment of the kylin fishery is taken and added with 2L of the pond water to be placed in a glass container. The test was designed as a control group, a test group, and the same position of bottom sludge and pond water was taken.
(2) Design of experiments
The experiment set 2 treatments.
Test group a 1: the aquaculture water quality modifier of synergistic persulfate composite salt is developed by Changshabet biological science and technology research institute limited, and comprises 25% of potassium bisulfate, 20% of sodium persulfate, 5% of potassium persulfate, 5% of ammonium persulfate, 5% of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 5% of sodium chlorite and 35% of auxiliary anhydrous sodium sulfate. And (3) sprinkling the water quality modifier of the synergistic oversulfur composite salt into a glass container according to the dosage of 500 g/mu.m, and analyzing the content of the nutrient components in the bottom mud after 24 hours.
Control group a 0: no treatment is done.
Before and after the test, the sediment is dried to analyze the contents of the nutrient components of nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matters.
(3) Results and analysis of the experiments
TABLE 1 bottom sludge test results
And (4) analyzing results: the data in table 1 show that after the aquaculture water quality modifier provided by the application is applied, the color of the sediment is lightened, the peculiar smell disappears, the floating mud skin disappears, the water quality is also turned into light green, and the contents of the nutrients of the sediment, namely nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matters, are all increased. Experiments prove that the aquaculture water quality modifier decomposes the organic waste of the bottom mud, eliminates the phenomena of blackening due to heating, smelliness and breeding of mud skin of the bottom mud, and converts harmful substances in the bottom mud into nutrient components.
According to the aquaculture water quality improver, the preparation method thereof and the preparation method of the powder and the tablet thereof, the water quality and the substrate can be improved in aquaculture through the mutual synergistic effect of the raw materials of the components, and the aquaculture water quality improver is efficient, safe and non-irritant; the organic waste water treatment agent has the effects of improving water quality and substrate, quickly degrading organic waste in water, particularly at the bottom of a pool, quickly eliminating the phenomena of blackening, smelling, heating and mud skin breeding at the bottom and effectively degrading pathogenic factors in the water.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.
Claims (6)
1. The aquaculture water quality improver is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0-50% of potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt, 0-20% of sodium persulfate, 0-20% of potassium persulfate, 0-20% of ammonium persulfate, 0-10% of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 0-10% of sodium chlorite and 0-10% of refined iodine.
2. A method of preparing an aquaculture water quality improver as claimed in claim 1, said method comprising: and mixing the raw materials according to the corresponding mass fractions to obtain the aquaculture water quality improver.
3. A method for preparing an aquaculture water quality improver powder as claimed in claim 1, said method comprising the steps of:
selecting raw materials of each component according to the corresponding mass fraction;
respectively crushing the raw materials of each component;
judging whether the raw materials of all the components pass through a 24-mesh screen;
if the raw materials pass through the two-dimensional mixer, adding the raw materials into the two-dimensional mixer, and mixing for 30 minutes to obtain the aquaculture water quality improver powder;
if any component raw material does not pass through, continuously crushing the raw material, and circularly carrying out the judgment operation.
4. The method of producing a water quality improver powder for aquaculture according to claim 3, wherein the humidity of the environment to be produced is 70% or less when the water quality improver powder for aquaculture is produced.
5. A process for the preparation of an aquaculture water quality improving agent tablet as claimed in claim 1, said process comprising the steps of:
selecting raw materials of each component according to the corresponding mass fraction;
mixing the raw materials of each component with 0-3% of magnesium stearate or 0-5% of lauryl sodium sulfate by mass;
respectively crushing the raw materials of each component;
judging whether the raw materials of all the components pass through a 24-mesh screen;
if the raw materials pass through the two-dimensional mixer, adding the raw materials into the two-dimensional mixer, mixing for 30 minutes, and tabletting the obtained mixture to obtain 0.4-0.45 g/tablet of the aquaculture water quality improver;
if any component raw material does not pass through, continuously crushing the raw material, and circularly carrying out the judgment operation.
6. The method of producing a water quality improver powder for aquaculture according to claim 5, wherein the humidity of the environment to be produced is 70% or less when the water quality improver tablet for aquaculture is produced.
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| CN112010369A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-01 | 湖南科义生物科技有限公司 | Sulfur-passing compound salt aquaculture water quality improver and preparation method thereof, and preparation method of powder and tablet thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200214 |