CN110787770A - Graphene modified air purification material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Graphene modified air purification material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110787770A CN110787770A CN201910992500.0A CN201910992500A CN110787770A CN 110787770 A CN110787770 A CN 110787770A CN 201910992500 A CN201910992500 A CN 201910992500A CN 110787770 A CN110787770 A CN 110787770A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 187
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229920002717 polyvinylpyridine Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 24
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 9
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 8
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- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QOHMWDJIBGVPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-diethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCCN QOHMWDJIBGVPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004630 mental health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
- B01D53/8612—Hydrogen sulfide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8634—Ammonia
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28016—Particle form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/32—Manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/34—Manganese
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- B01J35/50—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
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- B01D2257/7027—Aromatic hydrocarbons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
Abstract
The invention provides a graphene modified air purification material and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems of incomplete air purification and low efficiency in the prior art. The air purification material is a mixture of particles A and particles B, the particles A are porous adsorption particles which have polarity and are loaded with graphene, the particles B are catalyst carrier particles loaded with an oxidant, decomposition treatment is carried out on adsorbed harmful gas, and the particles A and the particles B cooperatively purify air. The specific adsorption surface area is increased through the graphene, and the particles A are polar substances, so that the adsorption of harmful gas molecules such as formaldehyde, benzene, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and the like is facilitated; meanwhile, the oxidant loaded by the B particles is completely contacted with harmful gases to oxidize and decompose the B particles into harmless solid particles or harmless gases. Through the synergistic effect of efficient adsorption and oxidative decomposition of the A and B particles, most harmful gas molecules are purified, and no secondary pollution is generated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection and air purification, and particularly relates to a graphene modified air purification material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
People stay indoors most of the time in daily life. The indoor environmental pollutants and pollution sources mainly include volatile gases, mold, particulate matters, decoration residues, second-hand smoke and the like, wherein the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) include toxic gases such as formaldehyde, benzene and the like. In order to purify the air in the indoor environment, an adsorption method is usually adopted to remove harmful components in the indoor air, improve the living and working conditions and enhance the physical and mental health.
In the prior art, the air purification material mainly takes physical adsorption of activated carbon as a main material. However, harmful gases such as formaldehyde and hydrogen sulfide cannot be completely removed by physical adsorption; meanwhile, after the activated carbon is saturated in adsorption, harmful gases are not decomposed, but are released again to form secondary pollution. Therefore, the physical adsorption method of activated carbon has short service life and poor use effect. For example, after finishing interior decoration, formaldehyde release takes a minimum of 5 to 15 years, and activated carbon cannot exert adsorption in such a long time, and secondary release of harmful gases is formed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the graphene modified air purification material and the preparation method thereof, which can not only efficiently adsorb harmful gas, but also thoroughly decompose the harmful gas, and cannot generate secondary pollution.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a graphene modified air purification material, where the air purification material is a mixture of particles a and particles B; the A particles are porous adsorption particles which have polarity and are loaded with graphene; the B particles are catalyst carrier particles loaded with an oxidant, the weight ratio of the A particles to the B particles is 1: 9-9: 1, and the diameters of the A particles and the B particles are 2-5 mm.
Preferably, the porous adsorbent particles in the a particles comprise: one or more of zeolite, diatomite, sepiolite, attapulgite and perlite.
Preferably, the adsorption pores of the porous adsorption particles are 0.2-1.5 nm.
Preferably, the loaded graphene is uniformly distributed on the surface and inside the pores of the porous adsorption particles.
Preferably, the oxidant in the B particles is potassium permanganate and the catalyst support particles are activated alumina particles.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a preparation method of a graphene modified air purification material, where the preparation method includes the following steps:
step S1, preparing a tackifier solution containing 5-25 g/L of polyacid/polybase electrolyte and 0.05-3 mol/L of inorganic salt;
step S2, immersing the porous adsorption particles into the thickening fluid of the tackifier for 5-30 min, and covering the surface and the inside of the porous particles with tackifier solution; then taking out and drying at 50-100 ℃ to obtain treated porous adsorption particles;
step S3, preparing a graphene solution with the concentration of 10-80 wt%;
step S4, immersing the treated porous adsorption particles into the graphene solution for 5-30 min, taking out, drying at 50-100 ℃, cooling, and granulating by a granulator to obtain initial particles A;
step S5, drying the initial particles A at 150-250 ℃ for 2-6 hours, and activating at 700-1000 ℃ for 0.5-3 hours to obtain particles A;
step S6, immersing the catalyst carrier particles into the thickening agent solution for 5-30 min, and covering the surface and the inside of the pores of the catalyst carrier particles with the thickening agent solution; then taking out and drying at 50-100 ℃ to obtain treated catalyst carrier particles;
step S7, preparing a mixed solution containing 3-12% by mass of an oxidant and 3-12% by mass of a hardener;
step S8, immersing the treated catalyst carrier particles into the mixed solution for 5-30 min, taking out the catalyst carrier particles, and hardening the catalyst carrier particles at 20-120 ℃ to obtain B particles;
and step S9, mixing the particles A and the particles B according to a preset ratio to obtain the air purification material.
Preferably, the polybase electrolyte in step S1 includes one or more than two of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl pyridine, etc.; the polyacid electrolyte comprises one or more than two of polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyvinyl phosphoric acid and the like; the inorganic salt is one or more of potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate.
Preferably, the step S2 further includes: and sieving the porous adsorption particles by a 500-mesh sieve.
Preferably, the porous adsorbent particles comprise: one or more of zeolite, diatomite, sepiolite, attapulgite and perlite.
Preferably, the oxidant is potassium permanganate and the catalyst support particles are activated alumina particles.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the graphene modified air purification material and the preparation method thereof, the air purification material is a mixture of particles A and particles B, the particles A are porous adsorption particles which have polarity and are loaded with graphene and are used for pollutants which are easy to adsorb or gas molecules which are decomposed by the particles B, the particles B are catalyst carrier particles loaded with an oxidant, decomposition treatment is carried out on the pollutants which are easy to oxidize and decompose, and the particles A and the particles B synergistically act to purify air. The weight ratio of the particles A to the particles B is 1: 9-9: 1, and the diameters of the particles A and the particles B are 2-5 mm. The particles A take graphene as a main technical core, the graphene is uniformly distributed on the surface and in the pores of the porous material, and the specific ultra-large specific surface area of the graphene is more favorable for adsorption of harmful gas molecules such as formaldehyde, benzene, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and the like; meanwhile, the particles a in this example are polar substances, and have a stronger adsorption effect on polar molecules such as formaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and the like, than non-polar activated carbon. The B particles take activated alumina as a raw material, potassium permanganate is loaded on the surface of an activated alumina ball and the surface of an inner hole of the activated alumina ball, and the potassium permanganate is uniformly distributed in the activated alumina ball and can be completely contacted with harmful gases to be oxidized and decomposed into harmless solid particles or harmless gases. When the catalyst is used, harmful gas molecules such as formaldehyde, benzene, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and the like are adsorbed by the particles A, and then the harmful gas molecules are oxidized and decomposed by the catalyst particles loaded with the oxidant, so that most of the harmful gas molecules can be purified by the synergistic effect of efficient adsorption and oxidative decomposition of the particles A and B, and secondary pollution can not be generated.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description is given with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention provides a graphene modified air purification material and a preparation method thereof.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail by the following specific examples.
To illustrate the performance of the graphene modified air purification material prepared by the embodiment of the present invention, a comparative example is first provided herein:
comparative example
Traditional activated carbon is used as the air purification material.
In a closed space of 0.05 cubic meter, when the initial concentration of formaldehyde is 3.00mg/m3Then 150g of activated carbon was added, and the formaldehyde concentration was reduced to 1.68mg/m after 1.5 hours3The formaldehyde removal rate was 44%.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a graphene modified air purification material and a preparation method thereof. The graphene-modified air purification material comprises: particles A and particles B; the A particles are porous adsorption particles which have polarity and are loaded with graphene; the B particles are catalyst carrier particles loaded with an oxidant, and the weight ratio of the A particles to the B particles is 1: 1, the diameters are all 2 mm.
The porous adsorption particles are a mixture of 10 parts of zeolite, 30 parts of sepiolite, 15 parts of diatomite, 20 parts of perlite and 25 parts of attapulgite by weight, the granularity is less than 500 meshes, and the adsorption pores are 0.2 nm; the oxidant is potassium permanganate, and the catalyst carrier particles are active alumina particles.
The preparation method of the graphene modified air purification material comprises the following steps:
step S101, preparing a tackifier solution to enable the tackifier solution to contain 5g/L of polyacrylamide and 0.1mol/L of potassium nitrate;
step S102, respectively taking 10 parts of zeolite, 30 parts of sepiolite, 15 parts of diatomite, 20 parts of perlite and 25 parts of attapulgite, respectively sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, and uniformly mixing to obtain porous adsorption particles; completely soaking the porous adsorption particles into a tackifier solution, taking out after soaking for 1 hour, and drying by using hot air at the temperature of 58 ℃;
step S103, preparing a graphene solution, and preparing a graphene solution b with the mass fraction of 20%;
step S104, completely soaking the dried porous adsorption particles in a graphene solution for 1 hour; carrying out dehydration and drying treatment on the graphene modified porous adsorption particles at the temperature of 50 ℃; cooling the dried graphene type powder at normal temperature, and then granulating into balls by a granulator;
s105, putting the pellets into a drying furnace, and drying for 2 hours at 150 ℃; putting the dried pellets into a high-temperature furnace, activating for 1.5 hours at 750 ℃, and cooling at normal temperature to obtain particles A;
step S106, completely dipping the activated alumina balls in tackifier solution for 1 hour, taking out and drying by hot air at 58 ℃;
step S107, preparing a mixed solution to ensure that the mixed solution contains 5% of potassium permanganate and 5% of polyethylene glycol by mass fraction, and fully dispersing the potassium permanganate and the polyethylene glycol;
step S108, completely soaking the dried activated alumina balls in the mixed solution for 2 hours; dehydrating the activated alumina balls, and drying by hot air; hardening the dried alumina balls at 60 ℃ for 15 minutes, taking out and cooling to obtain B particles;
step S109, mixing the particles a and B in a ratio of 1: 1 to obtain the graphene modified air purification material.
The ratio of particles A to particles B depends on the gas composition in the air pollution, and if the air pollution gas contains more gas which is easily oxidized and decomposed, for example: the ratio of B particles in the graphene-type air purification material should be larger than that of formaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide, etc., and if the air pollution gas contains more ammonia gas, benzene, etc., the ratio of a particles in the graphene-type air purification material should be larger than that of a particle in the air pollution material. A, B the particles A are used mainly for pollutant easy to be adsorbed or gas molecule decomposed by B particles, B particles are used mainly for pollutant easy to be oxidized and decomposed, and A and B particles cooperate to purify air.
The graphene modified air purification material of the present embodiment was subjected to a progressive test: in a closed space of 0.05 cubic meter, when the initial concentration of formaldehyde is 3.00mg/m3Then, 150g of the graphene-modified air purification material of this example was placed, and the formaldehyde concentration was reduced to 0.66mg/m after 1.5 hours3The formaldehyde removal rate reaches 78%.
According to the technical scheme and the detection result, the graphene modified air purification material has the advantages that the particles A take graphene as a main technical core, the graphene is uniformly distributed on the surface and in the pores of the porous material, and the specific ultra-large specific surface area of the graphene is more favorable for adsorption of harmful gas molecules such as formaldehyde, benzene, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia; meanwhile, the particles a in this example are polar substances, and have a stronger adsorption effect on polar molecules such as formaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and the like, than non-polar activated carbon. The B particles take activated alumina as a raw material, potassium permanganate is loaded on the surface of an activated alumina ball and the surface of an inner hole of the activated alumina ball, and the potassium permanganate is uniformly distributed in the activated alumina ball and can be completely contacted with harmful gases to be oxidized and decomposed into harmless solid particles or harmless gases. When the catalyst is used, harmful gas molecules such as formaldehyde, benzene, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and the like are adsorbed by the particles A, and then the harmful gas molecules are oxidized and decomposed by the catalyst particles loaded with the oxidant, so that most of the harmful gas molecules can be purified by the synergistic effect of efficient adsorption and oxidative decomposition of the particles A and B, and secondary pollution can not be generated.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a graphene modified air purification material and a preparation method thereof. The graphene-modified air purification material comprises: particles A and particles B; the A particles are porous adsorption particles which have polarity and are loaded with graphene; the B particles are catalyst carrier particles loaded with an oxidant, and the weight ratio of the A particles to the B particles is 8: 2, the diameters are all 3 mm.
The porous adsorption particles are a mixture of 15 parts of zeolite, 30 parts of sepiolite, 10 parts of diatomite, 15 parts of perlite and 30 parts of attapulgite according to parts by weight, the granularity is less than 500 meshes, and the adsorption pores are 1.5 nm; the oxidant is potassium permanganate, and the catalyst carrier particles are active alumina particles.
The preparation method of the graphene modified air purification material comprises the following steps:
step S201, preparing a tackifier solution to enable the tackifier solution to contain 10g/L of sodium polyacrylate and 1mol/L of chlorinated reamer;
step S202, respectively taking 15 parts of zeolite, 30 parts of sepiolite, 10 parts of diatomite, 15 parts of perlite and 30 parts of attapulgite, respectively sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, and uniformly mixing to obtain porous adsorption particles; completely soaking the porous adsorption particles into a tackifier solution, taking out after soaking for 1.5 hours, and drying by using hot air at 78 ℃;
step S203, preparing a graphene solution, and preparing a graphene solution b with the mass fraction of 50%;
step S204, completely soaking the dried porous adsorption particles in a graphene solution for 2 hours; carrying out dehydration and drying treatment on the graphene modified porous adsorption particles at the temperature of 70 ℃; cooling the dried graphene type powder at normal temperature, and then granulating into balls by a granulator;
s205, putting the pellets into a drying furnace to dry for 1.5 hours at 180 ℃; putting the dried pellets into a high-temperature furnace, activating for 1 hour at 800 ℃, and cooling at normal temperature to obtain particles A;
step S206, completely dipping the activated alumina balls into tackifier solution, taking out after 1.5 hours of dipping, and drying by using hot air at 78 ℃;
step S207, preparing a mixed solution to ensure that the mixed solution contains 8% of potassium permanganate and 8% of diethylaminopropylamine by mass fraction, and fully dispersing the potassium permanganate and the diethylaminopropylamine;
step S208, completely soaking the dried activated alumina balls in the mixed solution for 2 hours; dehydrating the activated alumina balls, and drying by hot air; hardening the dried alumina balls at 80 ℃ for 25 minutes, taking out and cooling to obtain B particles;
step S209, mixing the A particles and the B particles in a ratio of 8: 2 to obtain the graphene modified air purification material.
A, B the particles A are used mainly for pollutant easy to be adsorbed or gas molecule decomposed by B particles, B particles are used mainly for pollutant easy to be oxidized and decomposed, and A and B particles cooperate to purify air.
The graphene modified air purification material of the present embodiment was subjected to a progressive test: in a closed space of 0.05 cubic meter, when the initial concentration of formaldehyde is 3.00mg/m3Then, 150g of the synthetic purification material was put in, and the formaldehyde concentration was reduced to 0.22mg/m after 1.5 hours3The formaldehyde removal rate reaches 93 percent.
Compared with a comparative example, the graphene type air purification material increases the purification capacity by 49% for toxic and harmful gases such as benzene, dimethylbenzene, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, ammonia and the like.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a graphene modified air purification material and a preparation method thereof. The graphene-modified air purification material comprises: particles A and particles B; the A particles are porous adsorption particles which have polarity and are loaded with graphene; the B particles are catalyst carrier particles loaded with an oxidant, and the weight ratio of the A particles to the B particles is 2: and 8, the diameters are all 5 mm.
The porous adsorption particles are a mixture of 10 parts of zeolite, 35 parts of sepiolite, 15 parts of diatomite, 15 parts of perlite and 25 parts of attapulgite by weight, the granularity is less than 500 meshes, and the adsorption pores are 0.8 nm; the oxidant is potassium permanganate, and the catalyst carrier particles are active alumina particles.
The preparation method of the graphene modified air purification material comprises the following steps:
step S301, preparing a tackifier solution to enable the tackifier solution to contain 16g/L of polyvinylamine and 1.5mo1/L of sodium sulfate;
step S302, respectively taking 10 parts of zeolite, 35 parts of sepiolite, 15 parts of diatomite, 15 parts of perlite and 25 parts of attapulgite, respectively sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, and uniformly mixing to obtain porous adsorption particles; completely soaking the porous adsorption particles into a tackifier solution, taking out after soaking for 2 hours, and drying by using hot air at 95 ℃;
step S303, preparing a graphene solution, and preparing a graphene solution b with the mass fraction of 80%;
step S304, completely soaking the dried porous adsorption particles in a graphene solution for 3 hours; carrying out dehydration and drying treatment on the graphene modified porous adsorption particles at the temperature of 100 ℃; cooling the dried graphene type powder at normal temperature, and then granulating into balls by a granulator;
s305, putting the pellets into a drying furnace to dry for 1 hour at 200 ℃; putting the dried pellets into a high-temperature furnace, activating for 1 hour at 900 ℃, and cooling at normal temperature to obtain particles A;
step S306, completely dipping the activated alumina balls in tackifier solution, taking out after dipping for 2 hours, and drying by hot air at 95 ℃;
step S307, preparing a mixed solution to ensure that the mixed solution contains 10% of potassium permanganate and 5% of polyvinylpyrrolidone by mass fraction, and fully dispersing the potassium permanganate and the polyvinylpyrrolidone;
step S308, completely soaking the dried activated alumina balls in the mixed solution for 2 hours; dehydrating the activated alumina balls, and drying by hot air; hardening the dried alumina balls at 110 ℃ for 10 minutes, taking out and cooling to obtain B particles;
step S309, mixing the A particles and the B particles in a ratio of 2: 8 to obtain the graphene modified air purification material.
A, B the particles A are used mainly for pollutant easy to be adsorbed or gas molecule decomposed by B particles, B particles are used mainly for pollutant easy to be oxidized and decomposed, and A and B particles cooperate to purify air.
The graphene modified air purification material of the present embodiment was subjected to a progressive test: in a closed space of 0.05 cubic meter, when the initial concentration of formaldehyde is 3.00mg/m3Then, 150g of the synthetic purification material was put in, and the formaldehyde concentration was reduced to 0.12mg/m after 1.5 hours3And the formaldehyde removal rate reaches 96 percent.
In addition, compared with a comparative example, the novel air purification material has the advantage that the purification capacity of the novel air purification material is increased by 52% for main toxic and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide, formaldehyde, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxide and the like.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The graphene modified air purification material is characterized in that the air purification material is a mixture of particles A and particles B; the A particles are porous adsorption particles which have polarity and are loaded with graphene; the B particles are catalyst carrier particles loaded with an oxidant, the weight ratio of the A particles to the B particles is 1: 9-9: 1, and the diameters of the A particles and the B particles are 2-5 mm.
2. The graphene-modified air purification material of claim 1, wherein the a particles comprise: one or more of zeolite, diatomite, sepiolite, attapulgite and perlite.
3. The graphene-modified air purification material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adsorption pores of the porous adsorption particles are 0.2-1.5 nm.
4. The graphene-modified air purification material of claim 1, wherein the graphene-loaded particles are uniformly distributed on the surfaces and inside the pores of the porous adsorption particles.
5. The graphene-modified air purification material of claim 1, wherein the oxidant in the particles B is potassium permanganate and the catalyst support particles are activated alumina particles.
6. A preparation method of a graphene modified air purification material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, preparing a tackifier solution containing 5-25 g/L of polyacid/polybase electrolyte and 0.05-3 mol/L of inorganic salt;
step S2, immersing the porous adsorption particles into the thickening fluid of the tackifier for 5-30 min, and covering the surface and the inside of the porous particles with tackifier solution; then taking out and drying at 50-100 ℃ to obtain treated porous adsorption particles;
step S3, preparing a graphene solution with the concentration of 10-80 wt%;
step S4, immersing the treated porous adsorption particles into the graphene solution for 5-30 min, taking out, drying at 50-100 ℃, cooling, and granulating by a granulator to obtain initial particles A;
step S5, drying the initial particles A at 150-250 ℃ for 2-6 hours, and activating at 700-1000 ℃ for 0.5-3 hours to obtain particles A;
step S6, immersing the catalyst carrier particles into the thickening agent solution for 5-30 min, and covering the surface and the inside of the pores of the catalyst carrier particles with the thickening agent solution; then taking out and drying at 50-100 ℃ to obtain treated catalyst carrier particles;
step S7, preparing a mixed solution containing 3-12% by mass of an oxidant and 3-12% by mass of a hardener;
step S8, immersing the treated catalyst carrier particles into the mixed solution for 5-30 min, taking out the catalyst carrier particles, and hardening the catalyst carrier particles at 20-120 ℃ to obtain B particles;
and step S9, mixing the particles A and the particles B according to a preset ratio to obtain the air purification material.
7. The method for preparing air purification material according to claim 6, wherein the polybase electrolyte in step S1 includes one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl pyridine, etc.; the polyacid electrolyte comprises one or more than two of polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyvinyl phosphoric acid and the like; the inorganic salt is one or more of potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate.
8. The method for preparing an air purifying material according to claim 6, wherein the step S2 further includes: and sieving the porous adsorption particles by a 500-mesh sieve.
9. The method for preparing an air purification material according to claim 8, wherein the porous adsorption particles comprise: one or more of zeolite, diatomite, sepiolite, attapulgite and perlite.
10. The method for preparing air purification material according to claim 6, wherein the oxidant is potassium permanganate and the catalyst support particles are activated alumina particles.
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