CN110780201A - Method for determining highest tolerance temperature of battery - Google Patents

Method for determining highest tolerance temperature of battery Download PDF

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CN110780201A
CN110780201A CN201911210280.8A CN201911210280A CN110780201A CN 110780201 A CN110780201 A CN 110780201A CN 201911210280 A CN201911210280 A CN 201911210280A CN 110780201 A CN110780201 A CN 110780201A
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temperature
soc
battery
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陈新虹
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Suzhou Yilai Kede Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3835Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for determining the highest tolerance temperature of a battery, which comprises the following steps of measuring open-circuit voltage OCV values corresponding to a plurality of groups of batteries to be tested at An experimental temperature K within a preset temperature range, obtaining a corresponding SOC value from each open-circuit voltage OCV value, drawing a relation curve SOC%/100 h-K, calculating and drawing a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K by using the SOC%/100 h-K, measuring the corresponding SOC value of the batteries to be tested at a Tn temperature at intervals of △ T from a test temperature T, marking a point An in a test chart, repeating the test until the preset highest tolerance temperature Tm of the batteries to be tested is obtained, testing the preset highest tolerance temperature Tm to obtain the highest tolerance temperature Tmax, and detecting the highest tolerance temperatures of different batteries by using the method, so that the batteries are used at the highest tolerance temperature and the use safety of the batteries is ensured.

Description

Method for determining highest tolerance temperature of battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a method for determining the highest temperature tolerance of a battery.
Background
The temperature of the battery, that is, the heat generation phenomenon on the surface of the battery due to the chemical, electrochemical change, electron transfer, and material transfer occurring in the internal structure of the battery during use, is a normal phenomenon. However, if the generated heat is not completely dissipated into the environment, the heat may be accumulated inside the battery, and when the temperature is too high, the battery may be irreversibly damaged, thereby failing to operate normally. Therefore, preventing excessive temperature is an important task for battery management in use.
However, due to differences in the formulation, design, manufacturing process, and the like of the batteries, the maximum withstand temperatures of different batteries are greatly different, such as about 50 ℃ for some batteries and about 80 ℃ or higher for some batteries, and it is important to determine the maximum withstand temperatures of different batteries in order to ensure the safety of the batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for determining the highest tolerance temperature of a battery, which is used for detecting the highest tolerance temperature of different batteries, so that the battery is used at the highest tolerance temperature, and the use safety of the battery is ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for determining the maximum temperature endurance of a battery comprises the following steps:
measuring open-circuit voltage OCV values corresponding to a plurality of groups of batteries to be tested at an experimental temperature K within a preset temperature range;
obtaining a corresponding SOC value from each open-circuit voltage OCV value by utilizing a standard SOC-OCV curve of the battery to be tested;
drawing a relation curve SOC%/100 h-K between the capacity reduction rate SOC/100h and the experiment temperature K;
calculating and drawing a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K between ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) and 1/K by using SOC%/100 h-K;
measuring An open circuit voltage OCV value corresponding to the battery to be tested at the Tn temperature at intervals of △ T from the test temperature T, so as to obtain a corresponding SOC value, marking a point An in a test diagram where a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K is located every time one Tn and the corresponding SOC value are obtained, repeating the test until the marked point An deviates from the relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K, and determining the deviated test temperature corresponding to the marked point An as the highest pre-tolerance temperature Tm of the battery to be tested;
and testing the pre-maximum tolerance temperature Tm to obtain a maximum tolerance temperature Tmax, so that the battery to be tested is used at the maximum tolerance temperature Tmax.
In the technical scheme, the preset temperature range is 10-40 ℃.
In the above technical scheme, "within a preset temperature range, measure the open circuit voltage OCV values corresponding to a plurality of groups of batteries to be tested at an experimental temperature K" its specific operation is: and measuring a group of batteries to be tested at the experiment temperature K corresponding to the OCV value of the open-circuit voltage at the interval specified temperature from the lowest temperature of the preset temperature range.
In the above technical solution, a specific calculation method for calculating and drawing a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K between ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) and 1/K by using SOC%/100 h-K includes: expressing SOC%/100 h as y and K as x to obtain Converting it to obtain
Figure BDA0002297932310000022
Further obtain Thus, a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K was obtained.
In the technical scheme, the step of starting from the test temperature T and every interval △ T is specifically that a temperature value Tn is taken from the test temperature of 40 ℃ and every interval of 5 ℃.
In the above technical solution, "testing the pre-highest tolerance temperature Tm to obtain the highest tolerance temperature Tmax" specifically includes: and measuring OCV values of open-circuit voltages corresponding to Tm-2 and Tm-4 to obtain corresponding SOC values, marking the SOC values at points Am-2 and Am-4 in the test chart, observing the relation between marked points An, Am-2 and Am-4 corresponding to Tm, Tm-2 and Tm-4 and a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K, and selecting a point which deviates from the relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K and corresponds to the closest point as the highest tolerance temperature Tmax.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the main mechanism of the battery aging process is unchanged in the tolerance temperature range, namely, the capacity loss presents the Arrhenius law along with the increase of the temperature, once the battery aging exceeds the tolerance range, the aging in the battery is dominated by a new mechanism, the battery aging does not conform to the original Arrhenius law any more, but is more accelerated, and the maximum tolerance temperature of the battery can be accurately obtained by utilizing the law, so that each battery is fully utilized, the battery works at the respective maximum tolerance temperature, and the use safety of the battery is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the relationship between the SOC/100h and the experiment temperature K according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a relationship line between ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) and 1/K in the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an experiment for verifying the pre-maximum tolerance temperature Tm in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
the first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1 to 3, a method for determining a maximum withstand temperature of a battery includes the following steps:
measuring a group of open circuit voltage OCV values corresponding to the experiment temperature K for the battery to be tested within a preset temperature range of 10-40 ℃ from 10 ℃ at intervals of 10 ℃, such as 10 ℃, 20 ℃, 30 ℃ and 40 ℃;
obtaining a corresponding SOC value from each open-circuit voltage OCV value by utilizing a standard SOC-OCV curve of the battery to be tested, wherein the open-circuit voltage OCV value refers to the terminal voltage of the battery in an open-circuit state, and the SOC value refers to the proportion of the available electric quantity in the battery to the nominal capacity;
given that SOC%/100 h is represented by y, K is represented by x, and h is a time unit, the data obtained after the above test are as follows:
10℃ 20℃ 30℃ 40℃
X(K) 283 293 303 313
Y 0.60% 1.40% 3.00% 6.00%
the data are used for drawing a relation curve between the capacity reduction rate SOC/100h and the experimental temperature K, and as shown in figure 1, the relation curve is obtained Wherein e is a natural logarithmic low, a represents a temperature sensitive coefficient of a self-discharge rate of the battery or an activation energy to become the self-discharge rate, and b has no physical meaning.
Is calculated to obtain
Figure BDA0002297932310000032
Further obtain
Figure BDA0002297932310000033
Thereby obtaining a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K, as shown in FIG. 2;
the method comprises the steps of starting from a test temperature of 40 ℃, taking a temperature value Tn every 5 ℃ interval, gradually heating at 40 ℃, 45 ℃ and 50 ℃ for example, measuring An open-circuit voltage OCV value corresponding to the battery to be tested at the Tn temperature, marking a point An in a test graph (figure 2) where a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K is located by using a standard SOC-OCV curve of the battery to be tested again to obtain a corresponding SOC value, repeating the test until the marked point An deviates from the relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K when the Tn and the corresponding SOC value are obtained, wherein the deviated test temperature corresponding to the marked point An is the highest pre-tolerance temperature Tm of the battery to be tested, the n is a natural number, the T1 is 40 ℃, the A1 represents the corresponding SOC value at the point in the test graph where the relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K is located, and the rest is repeated until the test temperature corresponding to the labeling point An deviating from the relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K, namely the pre-highest tolerance temperature Tm of the battery to be tested is obtained, as shown in FIG. 3.
In order to improve the accuracy of the measured highest tolerance temperature, after the highest pre-tolerance temperature Tm is obtained, the experiment is repeated at the temperatures Tm-2 and Tm-4, namely open-circuit voltage OCV values corresponding to the temperatures Tm-2 and Tm-4 are respectively measured, SOC values corresponding to the two temperatures are obtained by using a standard SOC-OCV curve of the battery to be measured, the SOC values are marked as points Am-2 and Am-4 in fig. 3, the relation between the marked points An, Am-2 and Am-4 corresponding to the temperatures Tm, Tm-2 and Tm-4 and a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K is observed, the point deviating from the relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K is selected, and the temperature corresponding to the point closest to the marked point is the highest tolerance temperature Tmax; for example, the maximum allowable temperature of the battery is determined by measuring the OCV values corresponding to the measured maximum allowable temperature of 50 ℃, Tm-2 ═ 48 ℃ and Tm-4 ═ 46 ℃, obtaining the SOC values, plotting the SOC values in fig. 3, and observing the relationship between the three points and the relationship line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method for determining the maximum temperature endurance of a battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
measuring open-circuit voltage OCV values corresponding to a plurality of groups of batteries to be tested at an experimental temperature K within a preset temperature range;
obtaining a corresponding SOC value from each open-circuit voltage OCV value by utilizing a standard SOC-OCV curve of the battery to be tested;
drawing a relation curve SOC%/100 h-K between the capacity reduction rate SOC/100h and the experiment temperature K;
calculating and drawing a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K between ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) and 1/K by using SOC%/100 h-K;
measuring An open circuit voltage OCV value corresponding to the battery to be tested at the Tn temperature at intervals of △ T from the test temperature T, so as to obtain a corresponding SOC value, marking a point An in a test diagram where a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K is located every time one Tn and the corresponding SOC value are obtained, repeating the test until the marked point An deviates from the relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K, and determining the deviated test temperature corresponding to the marked point An as the highest pre-tolerance temperature Tm of the battery to be tested;
and testing the pre-maximum tolerance temperature Tm to obtain a maximum tolerance temperature Tmax, so that the battery to be tested is used at the maximum tolerance temperature Tmax.
2. The method for determining the maximum withstand temperature of a battery according to claim 1, wherein: the preset temperature range is 10-40 ℃.
3. The method for determining the maximum withstand temperature of a battery according to claim 1, wherein: the specific operation of measuring open-circuit voltage OCV values of a plurality of groups of batteries to be tested at the experiment temperature K within the preset temperature range is as follows: and measuring a group of batteries to be tested at the experiment temperature K corresponding to the OCV value of the open-circuit voltage at the interval specified temperature from the lowest temperature of the preset temperature range.
4. The method for determining the maximum withstand temperature of a battery according to claim 1, wherein: the specific calculation method for calculating and drawing a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K between ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) and 1/K by using SOC%/100 h-K is as follows: expressing SOC%/100 h as y and K as x to obtain
Figure FDA0002297932300000011
Converting it to obtain
Figure FDA0002297932300000012
Further obtain
Figure FDA0002297932300000013
Thus, a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K was obtained.
5. The method for determining the maximum withstand temperature of a battery according to claim 1, wherein "starting from the test temperature T, △ T intervals" are defined as starting from the test temperature 40 ℃, and Tn is defined as a temperature value at 5 ℃ intervals.
6. The method for determining the maximum withstand temperature of a battery according to claim 1, wherein: the specific operation of testing the pre-maximum tolerance temperature Tm to obtain the maximum tolerance temperature Tmax is as follows: and measuring OCV values of open-circuit voltages corresponding to Tm-2 and Tm-4 to obtain corresponding SOC values, marking the SOC values at points Am-2 and Am-4 in the test chart, observing the relation between marked points An, Am-2 and Am-4 corresponding to Tm, Tm-2 and Tm-4 and a relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K, and selecting a point which deviates from the relation line ㏑ (SOC%/10 h) -1/K and corresponds to the closest point as the highest tolerance temperature Tmax.
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