CN110779407A - A kind of hole filling device and method for breaking rock by high pressure gas in tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hole filling device for tunnel high-pressure gas breaking rock and a method thereof, and relates to the technical field of hard rock breaking. The device comprises a filling pipe and a filling rod; The diameter is smaller than the diameter of the cracking hole, and the length is greater than the depth of the cracking hole; there is a horizontal discharge chute at the port at one end of the stuffing tube, and a guide groove for the stuffing tube is provided from the side of the discharging chute close to the hand-held end to the port of the hand-held end of the stuffing tube , the side wall of the stuffing rod is provided with a stuffing rod guide groove; the length of the stuffing rod is greater than the stuffing tube, the outer diameter of the stuffing rod is smaller than the diameter of the stuffing tube, and the width of the stuffing rod guide groove is larger than the width of the stuffing tube guide groove. The hole filling method for rock breaking with high pressure gas in tunnels based on the packing device of the present invention solves the problems caused by the difficulty of grouting hole plugging operation, poor packing and poor packing quality in the process of safely and efficiently breaking rock with high pressure gas in tunnels. There are technical problems such as poor rock breaking effect and serious waste of packing material.

Description

A kind of hole filling device and method for breaking rock by high pressure gas in tunnel

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of hard rock rock breaking, in particular to a hole filling device and a method for tunnel high pressure gas rock breaking.

Background technique

High-pressure gas expansion rock-breaking technology is a new type of environment-friendly rock-breaking technology, which belongs to the category of non-explosive blasting rock. It is different from the traditional explosive blasting technology. It uses physical or non-violent chemical methods to generate high-pressure gas, installs a high-pressure gas expansion tube in the rock mass, and activates the trigger (point) at the bottom of the expansion tube through the triggering device. The high-pressure gas is released instantaneously to do work on the expansion of the surrounding medium and break it. The high-pressure gas expansion rock-breaking technology does not belong to the real blasting category, but only performs harmless rock-breaking through the action of high-pressure gas. Therefore, unlike explosive blasting, this rock-breaking technology is restricted and regulated by relevant policies and affects its scope of use. The high-pressure gas expansion rock breaking technology has the characteristics of good safety performance, less pollution, low noise, small vibration, easy control, etc. It has better applicability than explosive blasting in many cases, and has good application prospects. Highway engineering, railway engineering, municipal engineering, mountain development, mining and other fields.

The high-pressure gas expansion method and technology for rock-breaking is to expand and push the rock through the action of gas. Therefore, this rock-breaking method has extremely high requirements on the sealing quality of the cracking hole, so that the pressure in the hole can be kept at a high state for a relatively long time, and the gas wedge and throwing effect of the high-pressure gas is increased.

The existing blasthole plugging materials used for high-pressure gas blasting in tunnels are plugging materials, usually using fast-setting special cement materials, such as various types of grouting materials and plugging kings on the market. A material like Leak Plug King, which can solidify rapidly and whose density and strength are much higher than the current ordinary concrete, can start initial setting within 1 minute after mixing, and finally set within 3 to 4 minutes, and the compressive strength can be reached within 1 day. Reach more than 25Mpa. Due to the rapid setting of this material, it cannot be automatically plugged using equipment such as grouting machines. Therefore, the current packing method is basically manual packing. The specific operation steps are as follows: first, manually stir the material and water in a certain proportion, then manually fill the well-stirred plugging material to the opening of the cracking hole, and then use a long rod with a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the cracking hole to remove the above plugging material. Insert into the bottom of the remaining space of the cracking hole, and repeat the above steps until the plugging material fills the remaining space of the cracking hole.

The existing methods of plugging the fractured holes with plugging materials have the following disadvantages: difficult operation, poor packing quality, poor rock-breaking effect due to poor packing quality, and serious waste of packing materials.

In the tunnels excavated by the high-pressure gas expansion method, most of the cracked holes are horizontal holes, and a small part of the cracked holes will be slightly inclined upward or downward, as shown in the distribution map of the cracked holes in the tunnel in Fig. 3. As shown in Fig. 1, 3 is an expansion tube, 4 is an inflation tube of the expansion tube, a part of which extends out of the cracking hole, 5 is the wall of the cracking hole, and 6 is a wire. 7 in Fig. 2 is a long rod, and 8 is a well-stirred plugging material. The current plugging method is to first stir the plugging material evenly (at this time, the plugging material is in the form of a viscous paste and has a certain fluidity), then manually plug it into the opening of the cracking hole, and then use a long rod 7 to remove it. Pushing in the bottom, in the process, there will be a large amount of material overflowing at the opening of the cracking hole, as shown in Figure 2. In addition, when the long rod pushes the material into the bottom, a certain amount of material will remain on the wall of the cracking hole and the long rod. When the long rod is pulled out, a small amount of material will be taken out by the long rod. Once a single operation is completed, only a small amount of plugging material is delivered to the bottom of the cracking hole. When the second operation is performed, part of the material remaining on the wall of the cracked hole and on the long rod has solidified, so when the long rod penetrates into the cracked hole again, it will encounter greater resistance, and it is even difficult to penetrate to the bottom, which occurs The phenomenon of packing is not dense. In addition, as can be seen from Figure 2, when the long rod is pushed into the rupture hole, it will be hindered by the inflation tube of the expansion tube, and even the inflation tube will be squeezed and bent, which will increase the difficulty of the hole plugging operation and may damage the wire. , so that the expansion pipe in the fractured hole cannot break the rock because it cannot be triggered, which affects the overall rock breaking effect.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hole filling device for rock breaking by high pressure gas in a tunnel and a method thereof, which solves the difficulties in the operation of grouting and plugging holes in the process of using high pressure gas in the tunnel to safely and efficiently break rock, the filling is not compact, and the filling quality is not good. It leads to technical problems such as poor rock breaking effect and serious waste of packing material. For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

The invention provides a hole filling device for rock breaking by high-pressure gas in a tunnel, comprising a filling tube and a filling rod; the filling tube is provided with through holes with two ends passing through, and the outer diameter of the filling tube is 4-4 mm smaller than the diameter of the cracking hole. 8mm, the length of the stuffing tube is greater than the length of the cracking hole; one end of the stuffing tube is a hand-held end, and the port at the other end of the stuffing tube is provided with a horizontal discharge slot, and the discharge slot is close to the hand-held end to the A stuffing tube guide groove is opened between the ports of the hand-held end of the stuffing tube, and a stuffing rod guiding slot is opened on the side wall of the stuffing rod. The diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole in the stuffing tube, and the width of the stuffing rod guide groove is larger than the width of the stuffing tube guide slot.

Optionally, the discharge chute structure is the axial section of the stuffing tube along the port away from the hand-held end to the one-third node closest to the axial distance of the port, and the axial section is the same as the diameter of the stuffing tube. Perpendicular to the cross section, the length of the axial section from the bottommost part of the stuffing tube is two-thirds of the diameter of the stuffing tube.

Optionally, the position of the stuffing tube guide groove is set on the symmetrical midline of the discharge chute, the depth of the stuffing tube guide slot is one third of the diameter of the stuffing tube, and the stuffing tube guide slot is 1/3 of the diameter of the stuffing tube. The width is 5-8mm, and the length of the guide groove of the stuffing tube is two-thirds of the length of the stuffing tube.

Optionally, the length of the packing rod is 1.3 times the length of the packing tube, and the outer diameter of the packing rod is 1 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the packing tube.

Optionally, the depth of the stuffing rod guide groove is 1 mm larger than the depth of the stuffing tube guide groove; the width of the stuffing rod guide groove is 2 mm larger than the width of the stuffing tube guide groove.

The present invention also provides a hole filling method for rock breaking by high pressure gas in a tunnel based on the above filling device, comprising the following steps:

1) According to the blasting needs, drill the cracking hole with preset depth and preset diameter, select the size of the plugging pipe and the plugging rod according to the size of the cracking hole, and determine the amount of plugging material;

2) Mix the plugging material required for a cracking hole, that is, stir 3.5kg-5kg of the blocking material with a certain amount of water, and the specific amount depends on the size of the cracking hole;

3) Put the expansion tube into the bottom of the crack-causing hole, the inflation tube of the expansion tube sticks out of the crack-causing hole, and then spread the evenly mixed plugging material to the discharge chute at the front end of the filling tube;

4) Push the end of the stuffing tube covered with the blocking material into the bottom of the remaining space of the cracking hole, and in the process of pushing the stuffing tube into the cracking hole, make the inflation tube of the expansion tube pass through the guide groove of the stuffing tube at the same time;

5) Align the guide groove of the stuffing rod with the guide groove of the stuffing tube, the guide groove of the stuffing rod is nested on the guide groove of the stuffing tube, and then insert the stuffing rod into the stuffing tube until the stuffing rod meets the stuffed hole in the cracking hole. Stop when the resistance of the blocking material;

6) Press the tamping rod with one hand, and with the other hand pull out the tamping tube by a third of the length of the inner part of the caulking hole, and then pull out the tamping tube and the tamping rod together;

7) Fill the filling chute of the filling tube with the plugging material again, and push the filling tube into the bottom of the remaining space of the cracking hole. During the process of pushing the filling tube into the cracking hole, make the inflation tube of the expansion tube pass through the filling tube at the same time. Guide the groove, then rotate the packing tube by 180°, repeat operations 5), 6) to fill the gap between the expansion tube and the cracking hole;

8) Repeat the above steps until the cracking hole is filled.

The present invention has achieved the following technical effects with respect to the prior art:

The packing effect of the invention is excellent, and the packing material can fill the remaining space of the cracked hole. The filling process is simple and efficient, and only 2-3 operations are needed to fill the remaining space of the cracked hole. The use of the present invention to fill cracked holes can basically achieve zero waste of filling materials. The influence of the inflation tube of the expansion tube can be avoided, making the operation process easier. It can make the fractured pores of high-pressure gas breaking rock more fully filled, with better blocking quality and better high-pressure gas breaking effect.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

Fig. 1 is the hole schematic diagram of the filled expansion pipe;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the hole filling process of the traditional tunnel high-pressure gas breaking rock;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of crack-causing holes on the tunnel face;

Fig. 4 is the front view of the stuffing pipe of the hole stuffing device of the tunnel high-pressure gas rock breaking device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the top view of the stuffing pipe of the hole stuffing device of the tunnel high-pressure gas rock breaking device of the present invention;

6 is a cross-sectional view of the plugging pipe guide groove of the hole plugging device for high-pressure gas rock breaking in a tunnel according to the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the sectional view at the discharge chute of the hole filling device of the tunnel high-pressure gas rock breaking device of the present invention;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of a plugging rod of a hole plugging device for high-pressure gas rock breaking in a tunnel according to the present invention;

9 is a schematic diagram of pushing the plugging pipe into the cracking hole during the implementation of the hole filling method for rock breaking by high pressure gas in a tunnel according to the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of pushing the stuffing rod into the stuffing pipe during the implementation of the method for plugging holes in the tunnel high-pressure gas rock breaking method according to the present invention;

11 is a schematic flow chart of the hole filling method for rock breaking by high pressure gas in a tunnel according to the present invention;

Among them, 1 is the guide groove of the stuffing tube, 2 is the discharge groove, 3 is the expansion tube, 4 is the inflation tube, 5 is the wall of the cracking hole, 6 is the wire, 7 is the long rod, 8 is the plugging material, and 9 is the tunnel palm Subface, 10 is a cracking hole, 11 is a stuffing tube, 12 is a stuffing rod, and 13 is a stuffing rod guide groove.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hole filling device for rock breaking by high pressure gas in a tunnel and a method thereof, which solves the difficulties in the operation of grouting and plugging holes in the process of using high pressure gas for safe and efficient rock breaking in tunnels, the filling is not dense, and the amount of filling materials Technical problems such as serious waste.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-3, most of the cracking holes 10 on the tunnel face 9 are horizontal holes, and a small part of the cracking holes 10 are slightly inclined upward or downward. , as shown in the distribution map of tunnel cracking holes in Figure 3. The expansion tube 3 is connected with the inflatable tube 4. A part of the inflatable tube 4 extends out of the rupture hole 10. The inflatable tube 4 does not contact the wall 5 of the rupture hole. One end of the wire 6 is connected to the lower end connecting structure of the expansion tube 3, and then extends along the outer wall of the inflatable tube 4 to the outside of the orifice of the rupture; another end of the wire 6 is connected to the upper end connecting structure of the expansion tube 3, and then also along the outer wall of the inflatable tube 4. Extends beyond the orifice of the rift. One end of the long rod 7 in FIG. 2 is provided with a plugging material 8 that is evenly stirred. The current plugging method is to first stir the plugging material 8 evenly. At this time, the plugging material 8 is in the form of a viscous paste and has a certain fluidity. Then, it is manually inserted into the orifice of the cracking hole 10, and then the long rod 7 is used. It is pushed into the bottom, and during this process, a large amount of plugging material 8 overflows at the orifice of the cracking hole 10, as shown in FIG. 2 . In addition, when the long rod 7 pushes the blocking material 8 into the bottom, a certain amount of blocking material 8 will remain on the wall of the cracking hole 10 and on the long rod 7. When the long rod 7 is pulled out, a small amount of blocking material 8 will Taken out by long rod 7. After one operation is completed, only a small amount of plugging material 8 is delivered to the bottom of the rupture hole 10 . When the second operation is performed, part of the material remaining on the wall of the cracking hole 10 and on the long rod 7 has solidified, so when the long rod 7 penetrates into the cracking hole 10 again, it will encounter greater resistance, and it is even difficult to penetrate to the bottom. , which leads to the phenomenon that the cracking hole is not packed tightly. In addition, it can be seen from FIG. 2 that when the long rod 7 is pushed into the cracking hole 10, it will be hindered by the expansion tube 3 and the inflatable tube 4, and even if the inflatable tube 4 is squeezed and bent, the lead wire 6 may be damaged, and the cracking hole may be damaged. The inner expansion tube cannot break the rock because it cannot be triggered, which affects the overall rock breaking effect and also increases the difficulty of the hole plugging operation.

Based on the defects of the above-mentioned existing methods and devices, the present invention provides a hole plugging device for rock breaking by high pressure gas in a tunnel, as shown in Figs. The two ends of the stuffing tube 11 are penetrated. The length of the stuffing tube 11 is not less than the length of the cracking hole 10. Slot 2, the length of the discharge slot 2 is one-third of the length of the stuffing tube 11, and the tangent point of the discharging slot 2 is located at one-third of the diameter of one end port of the stuffing tube 11, that is, the stuffing tube 11 passes along one end. The chord of the node of one-third of the port diameter is cut, and the pipe wall of the part with the larger arc length is reserved. The other two-thirds of the stuffing tube 11 is provided with a stuffing tube guide groove 1, and the position of the stuffing tube guide groove 1 is set on the On the symmetrical centerline of the trough 2, its depth is one third of the diameter of the stuffing pipe 11, and its width is 5-8mm.

The stuffing rod 12 is a fully sealed tubular object, and its side view is similar to a horseshoe shape. The stuffing rod 12 is provided with a stuffing rod guide groove 13 along its entire length, and the depth and width of the stuffing rod guide groove 13 are respectively 1 mm and 2 mm larger than the depth and width of the stuffing tube guide groove 1 .

Both the stuffing tube 11 and the stuffing rod 12 are made of PVC pipe material, which is low in manufacturing cost, light in weight, not easy to stick to the blocking material 8, and convenient for transportation and operation.

The present invention also provides a hole filling method for rock breaking by high-pressure gas in a tunnel, as shown in Figures 9-11, and the specific operation steps are as follows:

1) First, drill a cracking hole 10 with a certain depth and diameter according to the blasting requirements, then select the size of the device of the present invention according to the size of the cracking hole 10, and determine the amount of the blocking material 8, and the blocking material 8 used in this method is the existing one. The king of plugging.

2) Mix the plugging material 8 required for a cracking hole 10, that is, stir 3.5kg-5kg of the blocking material 8 with a certain amount of water. The specific amount depends on the size of the cracking hole 10 to prevent the blocking material 8 from rapidly solidifying. cause waste.

3) Put the expansion tube 3 into the bottom of the cracking hole 10, and the inflation tube 4 of the expansion tube 3 sticks out of the cracking hole 10, as shown in FIG. 1 . Then, the evenly mixed plugging material 8 is spread over the discharge chute 2 at the front end of the plugging pipe 11 .

4) Push the end of the plugging tube 11 covered with the plugging material 8 into the bottom of the remaining space of the cracking hole 10 . In this process, attention should be paid to pass the inflation tube 4 of the expansion tube 3 through the guide groove 1 of the packing tube. This feeding method can effectively avoid the defect that the traditional packing method cannot penetrate the blocking material 8 into the bottom of the cracking hole 10, and can avoid the feeding process. The plugging material 8 stays on the wall of the cracked hole 10, and the inflatable tube 4 of the expansion tube 3 will not be damaged during the operation, and the operation is also easier.

5) Align the packing rod guide groove 13 with the packing tube guide groove 1, that is, the two are on the same line, and then insert the packing rod 12 into the packing pipe 11 until the packing rod 12 encounters a large resistance. The plugging material 8 is more densely packed.

6) Press the stuffing rod 12 with one hand, pull out at least one third of the length of the stuffing tube 11 with the other hand, and then pull out the stuffing tube 11 and the stuffing rod 12 together. Packing in this way will not cause the plugging material 8 to overflow, and will not cause waste of the plugging material 8 .

7) Spread the plugging material 8 again at the axial section of the plugging pipe 11, that is, the discharge chute 2, push the plugging pipe 11 into the bottom of the remaining unpacked space of the cracking hole 10, and then rotate the plugging pipe 11 by 180°, Then repeat operations 5) and 6), in this way, the gap between the expansion tube 3 and the rupture hole 10 can be filled, so that the packing is more compact.

8) Repeat the above operation until the cracking hole 10 is filled, and each operation can send the blocking material 8 to the bottom of the remaining unfilled space of the cracking hole 10, which solves the problem that the traditional packing method is not dense and the rock breaking effect is not good. And other issues.

In a specific embodiment, when the selected cracking hole 10 has a depth of 1.5m and a diameter of 0.07m, the traditional packing method is compared with the packing method of the present invention. In effect, the present invention is superior to the traditional method, see Table 1.

Table 1 Comparison of the amount of packing material and packing effect between traditional method and the method of the present invention

In the process of filling deep into the cracking hole 10 according to the present invention, the blocking material 8 does not have too much contact with the wall of the cracking hole 10, so the blocking material 8 will not solidify on the hole wall to hinder the next operation, and the whole operation The process will not damage the inflation tube 4 of the expansion tube 3, and can effectively avoid the difficulty caused by the inflation tube 4 to the operation, and solve the problem of difficult operation; every operation performed by using the packing device of the present invention can remove the blocking material 8 It is sent to the bottom of the existing unpacked space of the cracking hole 10, which solves the problem of the traditional method being blocked; No waste of clogging material 8 is caused.

In the present invention, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; There will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope of the idea of the invention. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a device is clogged to punchhole that tunnel high-pressure gas broke rock which characterized in that: comprises a packing tube and a packing rod; a through hole with two through ends is formed in the packing tube, the outer diameter of the packing tube is 4-8mm smaller than the aperture of the cracking hole, and the length of the packing tube is greater than that of the cracking hole; the utility model discloses a stopper pipe, including stopper pipe, filler pipe and filler rod lateral wall, filler pipe one end is handheld end, the port department of the filler pipe other end sets up horizontally blow-off groove, the blow-off groove is close to handheld end extremely set up the filler pipe guiding groove between the port department of the handheld end of filler pipe, the filler rod guiding groove has been seted up on the filler rod lateral wall, the length of filler rod is greater than the length of filler pipe, the external diameter of filler rod is less than the internal diameter of filling intraductal through-hole, the width of filler rod guiding groove is greater than the width of filler pipe guiding groove.

2. An eyelet plugging device for high-pressure gas rock breaking in a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein: the discharging groove structure is an axial section from a port of the filling pipe far away from the handheld end to a one-third node which is closest to the port in axial distance, the axial section is perpendicular to a radial section of the filling pipe, and the length of the axial section from the bottommost part of the filling pipe is two thirds of the diameter of the filling pipe.

3. An eyelet plugging device for high-pressure gas rock breaking in a tunnel according to claim 2, wherein: the position of the filling pipe guide groove is arranged on a symmetrical middle line of the discharging groove, the depth of the filling pipe guide groove is one third of the diameter of the filling pipe, the width of the filling pipe guide groove is 5-8mm, and the length of the filling pipe guide groove is two thirds of the length of the filling pipe.

4. An eyelet plugging device for high-pressure gas rock breaking in a tunnel according to claim 3, wherein: the length of the plugging rod is 1.3 times of the length of the plugging pipe, and the outer diameter of the plugging rod is 1mm smaller than the inner diameter of the plugging pipe.

5. An eyelet plugging device for high-pressure gas rock breaking in a tunnel according to claim 4, wherein: the depth of the guide groove of the filling rod is 1mm greater than that of the guide groove of the filling pipe; the width of the filling rod guide groove is 2mm larger than that of the filling pipe guide groove, so that the filling rod guide groove can be nested on the filling pipe guide groove.

6. A method for plugging a hole of a tunnel high-pressure gas rock breaking is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

1) drilling a cracking hole with a preset depth and a preset diameter according to blasting requirements, selecting the sizes of a packing pipe and a packing rod according to the size of the cracking hole, and determining the using amount of a plugging material;

2) mixing a plugging material required by the cracking, namely stirring 3.5kg-5kg of the plugging material and a certain amount of water, wherein the specific amount is determined according to the size of the cracking;

3) placing the expansion pipe at the bottom of the cracking hole, extending the inflation pipe of the expansion pipe out of the cracking hole, and then fully paving the uniformly mixed plugging material in a discharge groove at the front end of the plugging pipe;

4) pushing one end of the packing pipe, which is fully paved with the plugging material, into the bottom of the residual space of the fracturing hole, and enabling the gas filling pipe of the expansion pipe to penetrate through the guide groove of the packing pipe in the process of pushing the packing pipe into the fracturing hole;

5) aligning a guide groove of the filling rod with a guide groove of the filling pipe, and then inserting the filling rod into the filling pipe until the filling rod meets the resistance of the plugging material filled in the fracturing hole;

6) one hand presses the plugging rod, the other hand pulls the plugging pipe out of one third of the length of the part of the plugging pipe in the fracturing hole, and then the plugging pipe and the plugging rod are pulled out together;

7) paving the plugging material at the discharge groove of the filling pipe, pushing the filling pipe into the bottom of the residual space of the fracturing hole, enabling the inflation pipe of the expansion pipe to penetrate through the guide groove of the filling pipe in the process of pushing the filling pipe into the fracturing hole, rotating the filling pipe by 180 degrees, and repeating the operations 5) and 6) to fill the gap between the expansion pipe and the fracturing hole;

8) repeating the steps until the cracking holes are filled.

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