CN110777475B - 一种单向织物及其经编工艺和应用方法 - Google Patents

一种单向织物及其经编工艺和应用方法 Download PDF

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CN110777475B
CN110777475B CN201911096243.9A CN201911096243A CN110777475B CN 110777475 B CN110777475 B CN 110777475B CN 201911096243 A CN201911096243 A CN 201911096243A CN 110777475 B CN110777475 B CN 110777475B
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yarn
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季小强
谈昆伦
张韵
谭建军
巢钦
龚晓龙
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Changzhou Hongfa Zongheng Advanced Material Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及单向织物技术领域,具体涉及一种单向织物,包括经纱层和纬纱层,以及用于对经纱层和纬纱层进行捆绑的捆绑纱;捆绑纱所形成的线圈位于经纱层相邻两束经纱之间。通过上述方式,使得经纱层中的每一束经纱均保持其设定的角度,克服了经纱角度偏移问题,编织完成后的织物表面整齐且美观,且内部灌注通道清晰,有效保证了最终产品的力学性能和灌注工艺性能。同时,本发明中还请求保护单向织物的经编工艺和应用方法。

Description

一种单向织物及其经编工艺和应用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及单向织物技术领域,尤其涉及一种单向织物及其经编工艺和应用方法。
背景技术
目前,常规的单向布组合包括经纱层和纬纱层,以上层级通过捆绑纱的捆绑而实现整个单向布的成型。
在现有的编织工艺中,存在以下问题:
在领域内多年的研究和分析中,始终无法针对上述织物的性能取得突破性进展,主要原因在于,捆绑纱往往会贯穿经纱层,如图1和2所示,贯穿的过程中,经纱层被贯穿部分在捆绑纱的挤压下相对于预设的0°发生一定的角度偏转, 上述偏转会导致以下问题:
A、布面不平整;
B、易鼓包;
C、内部灌注通道不清晰;
上述问题的发生,在极大程度上影响了最终产品的力学性能和灌注工艺性能。
鉴于上述情况,本发明人基于从事此类产品工程应用多年丰富的实务经验及专业知识,并配合学理的运用,积极加以研究创新,以期创设一种单向织物及其经编工艺和应用方法,使其更具有实用性。
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题是提供一种单向织物,以解决背景技术中所指出的问题。同时,本发明中还请求保护单向织物的经编工艺和应用方法。
为了达到上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种单向织物,包括经纱层和纬纱层,以及用于对所述经纱层和纬纱层进行捆绑的捆绑纱;
其特征在于,所述捆绑纱所形成的线圈位于所述经纱层相邻两束经纱之间。
进一步地,所述捆绑纱同一根纱线所形成的所述线圈轮流排列在相邻两线圈纵行。
进一步地,所述线圈为闭口线圈、开口线圈或开口和闭口线圈相间组成。
进一步地,所述捆绑纱同一根纱线在一个横列上连续形成两只线圈。
进一步地,所述线圈为开口线圈或闭口线圈。
进一步地,所述捆绑纱的第一纱线位于所述经纱层的一侧,并循环往复的覆盖于所述经纱层的一束经纱上,循环中的拐点位于所述经纱层相邻两束经纱之间,所述捆绑纱的第二纱线对所述拐点进行捆绑而形成线圈,实现所述第一纱线的固定。
进一步地,所述经纱层和纬纱层选自玻璃纤维、碳纤维、玄武岩纤维、芳纶纤维、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚苯硫醚纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维、聚酯纤维、聚丙烯纤维或尼龙纤维。
进一步地,所述经纱层和所述纬纱层的材质不同。
一种单向织物的经编工艺,用于对上述单向织物进行生产,所述捆绑纱同一根纱线在横列上的纱线供给速度大于线圈处的纱线供给速度。
一种单向织物的应用方法,用于对上述单向织物进行应用,用于风电叶片、轨道交通设备和汽车结构中。
通过上述技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:
通过本发明中的技术方案,使得经纱层中的每一束经纱均保持其设定的角度,克服了经纱角度偏移问题,编织完成后的织物表面整齐且美观,且内部灌注通道清晰,有效保证了最终产品的力学性能和灌注工艺性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为捆绑纱贯穿一束经纱的示意图;
图2为图1的正视图;
图3为实施例一种闭口经平组织的示意图;
图4为图3的简化示意图;
图5为实施例一中开口经平组织的简化示意图;
图6为实施例一中线圈为开口线圈和闭口线圈相间设置的经平组织简化示意图;
图7为实施例二中开口重经编链的示意图;
图8为图7的简化示意图;
图9为实施例二中闭口重经编链的示意图;
图10为图9的简化示意图;
图11为实施例一中闭口经平组织的局部受力分析示意图;
图12为图11中所捆绑的经纱的形变示意图;
图13和14为第一纱线通过第二纱线进行捆绑的示意图,分别展示了线圈为闭口线圈和开口线圈两种情况;
图15为相同供线时间下,不同供线速度所形成的捆绑纱张紧度示意图;
图16为供线时间和供线量的关系图;
图17为图16中不同位置处与捆绑纱不同位置处的对应关系图;
图18为不同供线速度下实施例二中横向段的比对图;
附图标记:经纱层1、纬纱层2、捆绑纱3、第一纱线3a、第二纱线3b、线圈31、过渡段32、横向段33、拐点34。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,属于“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“斜”等指示的方位或者位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或者位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制,其中的描述“横向”、“纵向”为本领域技术人员对织物编织过程中公认的方向性说明。
一种单向织物,包括经纱层1和纬纱层2,以及用于对经纱层1和纬纱层2进行捆绑的捆绑纱3;捆绑纱3所形成的线圈位于经纱层1相邻两束经纱之间。
通过上述方式,使得经纱层1中的每一束经纱均保持其设定的角度,克服了如图1和2中所示的角度偏移问题,编织完成后的织物表面整齐且美观,且内部灌注通道清晰,有效保证了最终产品的力学性能和灌注工艺性能。
为了对本发明进行更为细致的说明,以下通过各实施例,对本发明进行优化,并详细描述具体的实施方式:
实施例一
作为捆绑纱3的一种具体捆绑方式,捆绑纱3同一根纱线所形成的线圈轮流排列在相邻两线圈纵行。
如图3中所示的闭口经平组织,为本优化方式中的线圈为闭口线圈的实施方式,为了使得图形更加简明,图4中对图3进行简化,其中所标明的线圈31位于相邻两束经纱之间,从而使得连接两线圈的过渡段32无法贯穿经纱层1中的纱线,且覆盖在纱线表面。
本实施例中,还存在如图5所示的开口经平组织,即线圈为开口线圈的实施方式,以及图6中所示出的线圈为开口线圈和闭口线圈相间设置的实施方式。
实施例二
作为捆绑纱3的另一种具体捆绑方式,捆绑纱3同一根纱线在一个横列上连续形成两只线圈。
如图7中所示的开口重经编链,为本优化方式中的线圈为开口线圈的实施方式,为了使得图形更加简明,图8中对图7进行简化,其中所标明的线圈31位于相邻两束经纱之间,从而使得连接两线圈的横向段33无法贯穿经纱层1中的纱线,且覆盖在纱线表面。
本实施例中,还存在如图9所示的闭口重经编链,图10对图9中的形式进行了简化,两图展示了线圈为闭口线圈的实施方式。
实施例三
上述两实施例中,均可解决背景技术中所指出的问题,但在具体实施的过程中均存在对经纱层1中经纱进行横向施力的过程中,如图11所示,以闭口经平组织为例进行说明,捆绑纱3在纵向或横向受到拉伸时,由于线圈倾斜角的改变,以及线圈中纱线各段的转移和纱线本身的延长,而具有一定的延展性,过渡段32在捆绑纱3供给的过程中,必然会受到来自设备的牵引器F,因为斜向存在,因此会存在横向的分力F1和纵向的分力F2,因为过渡段32与经纱层1中纱线存在摩擦,因此F1会导致经纱层1中纱线的横向弯曲,如图12所示。
本实施例的目的在于解决上述问题,具体地,捆绑纱3的第一纱线3a位于经纱层1的一侧,并循环往复的覆盖于经纱层1的一束经纱上,循环中的拐点34位于经纱层1相邻两束经纱之间,如图13和14所示,捆绑纱3的第二纱线3b对拐点34进行捆绑而形成线圈,实现第一纱线3a的固定,其中,两幅图分别展示了线圈为闭口线圈和开口线圈的两种情况。
本实施例中,第一纱线3a不存在贯穿经纱层1的过程,因此在其捆绑的过程中对经纱造成的摩擦力可忽略不计,同时在其捆绑的过程中不存在拉伸的过程中,因此并不产生横向的分力而对经纱造成影响,因此有效的保证了经纱的形状稳定性。
本实施例中,第二纱线3b优选沿经纱的延伸方向对第一纱线3a进行固定,如图14所示,此种形式下其位于相邻两束经纱之间,并不会对经纱造成影响,当然,即便其捆绑方向存在倾斜,因为其与经纱层1之间还存在纬纱层2,因此也不会对经纱层1造成影响,本实施例中不再一一列举。
实施例四
相对于实施例三中,通过对捆绑纱3编织形式的改变而解决如图11和12中所指出的问题,本实施例中,通过对实施例二中的单向织物进行工艺的改进,而解决其所存在的经纱弯曲问题。
本优化方案中的通过差速供线的方式解决经纱弯曲问题。
如图15所示,旨在展示相同供线时间下,供线速度不同而导致的捆绑纱3张紧度的不同,其中,位于上部的捆绑纱3的供给速度小于位于下部的捆绑纱3的供给速度,在相同的供线时间下,上部的捆绑纱3更紧,其捆绑力大于下部的捆绑纱3的捆绑力。
具体地,在对实施例二中的单向织物进行生产的过程中,编织工艺中捆绑纱3同一根纱线在横列上的纱线供给速度大于线圈处的纱线供给速度。参见图16,展示了供线时间和供线量的关系图,由于差速的存在,使得供线速度的线条存在弯折,而每个弯折周期即供线速度的一个循环周期,坡度更为缓的部分为线圈部分的供给速度,而坡度更为陡的部分为横列上的纱线的供给速度,具体参见图17中的对应关系。
通过上述技术方案的改进,参见图18,以开口重经编链为例进行说明,主要观察横向段33的变化,由于将此部分的供线速度与线圈部分的供线速度差异化设置,可使得此部分的位于图18中右侧的张紧度相对于位于图中左侧部分的张紧度变小,为了表明技术效果,图中进行了较为夸张的展示,并不代表具体实施过程中的真实情况。通过此部分张紧力的变化,使得捆绑纱3对经纱所产生的横向力减小,原因在于对经纱压力的减小而导致的摩擦力的减小,因此同样解决了经纱弯曲的问题。
作为上述实施例一~四的优选,经纱层1和纬纱层2选自玻璃纤维、碳纤维、玄武岩纤维、芳纶纤维、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚苯硫醚纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维、聚酯纤维、聚丙烯纤维或尼龙纤维。其中经纱层1和纬纱层2的材质可相同,也可不同,根据不同的使用需求进行选择,当然当二者不同时,会通过多种组合方式而获得更多可能。
作为上述实施例一~四单向织物的应用方法,具体应用于风电叶片、轨道交通设备和汽车结构中。
本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (5)

1.一种单向织物,其特征在于,包括经纱层和纬纱层,以及用于对所述经纱层和纬纱层进行捆绑的捆绑纱(3);
其特征在于,所述捆绑纱(3)所形成的线圈位于所述经纱层相邻两束经纱之间;
所述捆绑纱(3)同一根纱线所形成的所述线圈轮流排列在相邻两线圈纵行;
所述捆绑纱(3)同一根纱线在一个横列上连续形成两只线圈;
所述捆绑纱(3)同一根纱线在横列上的纱线供给速度大于线圈处的纱线供给速度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的单向织物,其特征在于,所述线圈为闭口线圈、开口线圈或开口和闭口线圈相间组成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的单向织物,其特征在于,所述经纱层(1)和纬纱层(2)选自玻璃纤维、碳纤维、玄武岩纤维、芳纶纤维、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚苯硫醚纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维、聚酯纤维、聚丙烯纤维或尼龙纤维。
4.根据权利要求3所述的单向织物,其特征在于,所述经纱层(1)和所述纬纱层(2)的材质不同。
5.一种单向织物的应用方法,用于对权利要求1或2中所述的单向织物进行应用,其特征在于,用于风电叶片、轨道交通设备和汽车结构中。
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