CN110776215A - Novel method for treating black and odorous water body by side filtration assisted and enhanced microorganism in-situ remediation - Google Patents
Novel method for treating black and odorous water body by side filtration assisted and enhanced microorganism in-situ remediation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel method for treating black and odorous water body by side-filtering assisted and enhanced microorganism in-situ remediation, which is characterized in that 0.2-5% of water from the downstream of the black and odorous water body is taken to be subjected to side-filtering treatment and in-situ enhanced microorganism remediation treatment in sequence, then the water is discharged into the upstream water body and is continuously circulated until the water is purified, wherein the side-filtering treatment comprises three steps of physicochemical adsorption flocculation, biological treatment and ecological filtration which are sequentially carried out. The method is used for effectively removing suspension, dissolution, nitrogen, phosphorus, metal ions and the like in the black and odorous water body; strengthening microorganism in-situ repair, adding viable bacteria preparation at side-filtering water outlet, wherein the number of viable bacteria added is not less than 1-10 × 10
6Cells/m
3The device is used for decomposing organic carbon and removing ammonia nitrogen in water and sedimentary layers, purifying the water, and continuously expanding along drainage water flow to achieve the overall purification effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sewage treatment, relates to treatment of black and odorous water, and particularly relates to a novel method for treating black and odorous water by assisting and strengthening microorganism in-situ remediation by a side-filtration technology.
Background
The black and odorous water body is the phenomenon that the water quality of the water body is extremely deteriorated due to serious water pollution. The phenomenon of black and odorous water body is mainly caused by serious pollution of the water body, more oxygen is consumed by organic matters in the water in the decomposition process, the water environment is anoxic, and the organic matters are decomposed by anaerobic microorganisms to generate a large amount of odorous gas, such as amine, hydrogen sulfide and the like, which escapes from the water surface, so that the water body smells; the blackening of the water body is caused by the formation of Fe S, Mn S and other substances by metal ions such as Fe, Mn and the like and sulfur ions in the water body. The increase of the chromaticity of the water body causes the light transmittance to be greatly reduced, the photosynthesis of the submerged plants at the bottom cannot be carried out, the oxygen supplement capability is lost, the submerged plants die and are putrefactive, and the anaerobic state of the water body is further aggravated. The long-term anaerobic digestion can accelerate the floating of bottom sediment, so that the process is further aggravated and is a vicious circle process. Besides bringing sense discomfort to people, a large amount of overflowed methane, carbon dioxide, sulfide and amine substances can be accumulated locally under the condition of poor atmospheric environment diffusion conditions, and the human health and the environmental safety are affected.
The direct reason for the black and odorous water is the lack of oxygen in the water, and is also related to the eutrophication of the water and the sediment deposition. Water pollution and bottom sediment anaerobic decomposition are the main causes. Timely cutting off pollution sources and dredging treatment are the most direct treatment method for black and odorous water bodies. Aiming at point source pollution, it is relatively easy to cut off a pollution source, but surface source pollution, rainfall, dust fall pollution and the like cannot be artificially controlled and are difficult to control by adopting an effective means. Although dredging has a direct effect on river channel and artificial water body treatment, the implementation process is complex, besides the factors of expenditure, manpower and the like, various factors such as traffic, flood control, cutoff and the like need to be comprehensively considered, the implementation difficulty is high, in addition, the recovery of the whole ecological system after dredging needs a long time, the ecological system is fragile in the period of time, and the risk of deterioration is high again.
In the black and odorous water treatment process, the physicochemical treatment is an important treatment means with good effect and quick response, and aims to quickly remove suspended and colloidal organic matters in the wastewater and reduce the water chromaticity and organic load. The traditional method mostly adopts full-water-area addition of coagulant and precipitant, mobile coagulation treatment facility treatment and the like, and although the modes can quickly reduce the chroma and the organic matter content in the water body in a short time, the traditional method has great damage to the water body environment and is not beneficial to the recovery of the self environment system in the later period. Especially, the method of adding a precipitator and a coagulant leads the precipitated floc to float under the anaerobic condition, and has the risk of secondary pollution. The treatment of flocculation ships and the like has great influence on plants, animals and the like in the water body, the outward transportation and treatment of pollutants after flocculation are inconvenient, the operation difficulty is high, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a novel method for assisting and strengthening microorganism treatment and remediation of black and odorous water by using a side filtration technology, and is a comprehensive treatment and remediation technology integrating active remediation, in-situ strengthening remediation and ecological maintenance.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a novel method for treating black and odorous water body by side-filtering assisted and enhanced microorganism in-situ remediation is characterized in that 0.2% -5% of water from the downstream of the black and odorous water body is taken to be sequentially subjected to side-filtering treatment and in-situ enhanced microorganism remediation treatment, then the water is discharged into the upstream water body and is continuously circulated until purification is achieved, and the side-filtering treatment comprises three steps of physicochemical adsorption flocculation, biological treatment and ecological filtration which are sequentially performed. The side filtering treatment aims at effectively removing the suspension, the dissolution, the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the metal ions in the black and odorous water body.
The physicochemical adsorption flocculation treatment comprises four steps of adsorption, flocculation, coagulation and precipitation which are sequentially carried out, wherein the adsorption adopts one or a mixture of more than two of bentonite, zeolite powder and diatomite as an adsorbent; the flocculation is implemented by taking one or a mixture of more than two of polyaluminium salt, alum, polyferric salt and modified starch as a flocculating agent, and the coagulation is implemented by taking one or a mixture of more than two of polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride, cationic starch and polyacrylamide as a coagulating agent.
Specifically, the dosage of the bentonite is 1-15mg/L, the dosage of the zeolite powder is 1-100mg/L, and the dosage of the diatomite is 1-30 mg/L; the dosage of the flocculating agent is determined according to the zeta potential of the water body, and the zeta potential value of the water to be purified is controlled and adjusted to be between-30 mV and 15mV by adopting the flocculating agent.
The adsorption flocculation treatment mainly removes chroma and suspended substances in the water body, and the flocculant combination is adjusted according to the transmittance of the water body:
the transmittance is less than 30cm, the adsorbent is diatomite or bentonite, and the flocculating agent is one or a mixture of more than two of alum, polyaluminium salt and polyferric salt;
the transparency is 30-60cm, and the flocculating agent is one or a mixture of polyaluminium salt and modified starch;
the transparency is more than 80cm, and the absorption-addition coagulation treatment is adopted without using a flocculating agent.
The biological treatment mainly removes organic matters in side-filtered water, contains organic suspended matters, and ensures that COD discharged into a water body is not higher than 60 mg/L.
The biological treatment adopts any one of a membrane bioreactor, a biological filter bed treatment, an immobilized anaerobic/aerobic treatment tank and an artificial wetland filter tank, and the treatment time is 0.5 to 4 hours.
The ecological filtration is mainly used for removing metal ions, suspended matters, microorganisms, fragments and the like, the SS (suspended substance) of effluent is not higher than 20mg/L, the COD (chemical oxygen demand) is not higher than 50mg/L, and in addition, the ecological filtration function is used for providing an ecological buffer before being released as a water body, so that the impact of ions, microorganism sludge thalli introduced by physicochemical treatment and biological treatment on the water body ecology and an additional reinforced flora is avoided, and the probability of causing secondary pollution is reduced.
The ecological filtration is to form an artificial wetland filtration system for filtration by planting aquatic plants, wherein the aquatic plants comprise cattail, reed, lotus and water hyacinth, the artificial wetland consists of a gravel layer, a zeolite layer, a sandy soil planting layer and a shallow water organism stocking layer which are arranged from bottom to top, and the total hydraulic retention time is 4-48 h.
The gravel layer is formed by stacking one or more than two of marble blocks, limestone blocks, building garbage fragments and sand rock blocks with the diameter of 2-8cm in a mixing way, the height of the gravel layer is 25-50cm, the zeolite layer is formed by stacking zeolite particles with the diameter of 1-2cm, the total height of the zeolite layer is 20-50cm, and the thickness of the sandy soil planting layer is 30-40 cm; the height of the shallow water organism stocking layer is 10-20 cm.
The strengthening microorganism in-situ remediation adds the viable bacteria preparation in the side-filtering water outlet, is used for decomposing organic carbon and removing ammonia nitrogen in water and settled layers, purifies the water, and continuously expands along drainage water flow, thereby achieving the overall purification effect.
The added viable bacteria preparation comprises two or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus coagulans, Cellulomonas, Lactobacillus, and light and bacteriaThe biological preparation is selected from commercial live bacteria preparation for fresh water aquaculture, and is prepared according to the number of live bacteria and different water quality characteristics. The number of the added viable bacteria is not less than 1-10 × 10
6Cells/m
3The viable bacteria preparation can be powder or liquid preparation, and the number of the mixed bacteria in each additive preparation is not more than 5%.
The reinforced microorganism in-situ remediation adjusts the flora combination and the viable bacteria quantity according to the COD index, the carbon-nitrogen ratio and the organic matter content of the sludge layer of the water body. When the COD index is higher, the combined strains mainly comprise bacillus subtilis, bacillus coagulans and nitrobacteria; when the COD is low, the combination of nitrobacteria, photosynthetic bacteria and the like is mainly used.
When the organic matter content of the sludge layer is higher, cellulomonas, bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria are used as main components, and when the organic matter content of the sludge layer is lower, nitrobacteria, photosynthetic bacteria and the like are used as main components.
The side filtering treatment stages are comprehensively considered according to the natural environment, the pollution state, the restoration difficulty and the like of the water body to be restored, the respective action strengths of the physical and chemical treatment, the biological treatment and the ecological filtering stages are reasonably distributed, the advantages of the stages are fully exerted, the effects of increasing efficiency and reducing cost are achieved, and the effects of the stages are adjusted according to the water body in the restoration treatment.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the side filtration treatment to assist the microorganism in-situ remediation, gradually and continuously purifies the water body, improves the water body ecological system, saves the investment, can maintain the water body clean, and is a feasible way.
2. The invention adopts the side filtering technology to take part of water from the black and odorous water body for purification treatment, and the treated water is discharged into the water body, the daily treated water amount is 0.2-5% of the total black and odorous water body water amount, the damage and impact to the total environment of the water body are small, the total ecological system of the water body is not damaged, more importantly, the ecological system of the water body can be effectively utilized to restore and recover the water body, and the water body is gradually recovered by the dilution effect of the treated water on the water body, so that a stable and good water body environmental system is established.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a side-filtering water intake and a water discharge port;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a side filtration process.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
seasonal slow-flow riverway black and odorous water body:
the black and odorous reasons are mainly caused by seasonal rainfall or the influence of seasonal climate of mud bottom pollutants on anaerobic fermentation. The pollution characteristics are high ammonia nitrogen content, deep chroma, high suspended matter and the like. The water intake amount of the side filtration treatment is 3% of the total water amount of the black and odorous water body, the water intake is arranged at the downstream of the river channel to take water through a pipeline, the water outlet is arranged at the upstream of the water flow of the black and odorous water body, and the water can be conveyed to the upstream through a pipeline.
The side-filtration physical adsorption adopts 15mg/L bentonite or 10mg/L zeolite powder for adsorption, the flocculation adopts 75-100mg/L alum or 20-25mg/L polyaluminium chloride, and the coagulation adopts cationic polyacrylamide as a coagulant. And controlling and adjusting the zeta potential value of the water to be purified to be between-30 mV and 15mV by adopting a flocculating agent, wherein the adsorption time is 10min, the flocculation operation is 2 min, the coagulation time is 5min, and the precipitation time is 30 min. The chemical dosage is automatically controlled according to the water quantity, and the chemical dosage of the flocculating agent is controlled according to the zeta potential feedback of the wastewater.
The side-filtering biological treatment process adopts an immobilized anaerobic/aerobic treatment tank for anaerobic treatment for 0.5 hour and aerobic treatment for 3 hours.
The side-filtering treatment technology adopts an artificial wetland filtration system for ecological filtration, the artificial wetland for aquatic plants adopts reed to treat consists of a gravel layer, a zeolite layer, a sandy soil planting layer and a shallow water organism stocking layer, and the total hydraulic retention time is 24 hours.
The gravel layer is made of building garbage fragments with the diameter of 8cm and the height of 30cm, and is connected with a zeolite layer, wherein the zeolite layer is formed by stacking zeolite particles with the diameter of 1-2cm, and the total height of the zeolite layer is 20 cm. The thickness of the sand layer is 40cm, and the free water layer on the sand layer is 15 cm.
Enhanced in situ microbial remediation byThe water body is supplemented with the reinforced microorganism. The reinforced microbial flora is added at the side filtering water outlet. The added viable bacteria preparation comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus coagulans and nitrobacteria, and the biological preparation is a commercially available viable bacteria preparation for fresh water aquaculture. The number of the added viable bacteria of the bacillus subtilis is not less than 4 multiplied by 10
6Cells/m
3Nitrifying bacteria not less than 5X 10
6Cells/m
3The metering is carried out using liquid or solid pulverulent preparations.
By adopting the process, the initial water intake transmittance is 50cm, the drainage SS is 20mg/L, and the COD is 45 mg/L; after 7 days of treatment, the light transmittance of the taken water is 80cm, and the water quality index of the water body reaches the V-type index standard specified by the national surface water environmental quality standard GB 3838-2002; after 15 days, the water quality index of the water body except COD reaches the surface water IV standard, and the COD index is still the V-type standard; the odor of the water body basically disappears when the bottom is visible in the near bank zone; after 30-45 days of treatment, all indexes reach the surface water IV standard, and the water body begins to grow with aquatic plants near the bank; after 60-90 days, entering a stabilization period, recovering the ecosystem, wherein the visibility of the water body can reach 2m, and the treatment mainly comprises biological treatment and ecological filtration; post-treatment and maintenance are mainly used for preventing sudden pollution in rainy seasons.
Example 2:
accumulated black and odorous water body without clear flow direction and source
The water body is mostly caused by sewage and garbage pollution generated by surrounding residents and pollution of surface pollutants brought along with rainfall, and the water body is blacked and smelly due to continuous accumulation of the pollutants and anaerobic fermentation. Before treatment, slope protection and necessary moderate dredging work are preferably carried out.
The water intake amount of the side-filtering treatment technology is 5% of the total black and odorous water, and the water outlet and the water inlet are preferably arranged at a certain distance and are preferably arranged at relatively far ends.
The side-filtration treatment adopts 15mg/L bentonite or 15mg/L diatomite for adsorption, 50-100mg/L aluminum chloride or 100-150mg/L alum for flocculation treatment, and the coagulation adopts polydimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride or cationic polyacrylamide. Adopting a flocculating agent to control and adjust the zeta potential value of the water to be purified to be between-30 mV and 0mV, wherein the specific dosage is as follows: the adsorption time is 15min, the flocculation time is 10min, the coagulation time is 5min, and the precipitation time is 60 min.
The side filtration treatment is carried out on the biological filter bed for 4 hours.
The side-filtering treatment technology adopts an artificial wetland filtration system for ecological filtration, and the aquatic plant species comprise cattail or reed. The artificial wetland consists of a gravel layer, a zeolite layer, a sandy soil planting layer and a shallow water biological stocking layer, and the total hydraulic retention time is 16 h.
The gravel layer is formed by stacking one or more than two of marble blocks, limestone blocks, building garbage fragments and sand rock blocks with the diameter of 2-8cm in a mixed mode, the height of the marble blocks is 30cm, the zeolite layer is connected to the gravel layer, the zeolite layer is formed by stacking zeolite particles with the diameter of 1-2cm, and the total height of the zeolite layer is 20 cm. The sandy soil layer is 30cm thick and is a carrier of the aquatic plant; the free water layer on the sandy soil layer is 10 cm.
The in-situ reinforced microorganism remediation is realized by means of supplementing reinforced microorganisms in a water body. The reinforced microbial flora is added at the side filtering water outlet. The added living bacteria preparation comprises the combination of bacillus subtilis, bacillus coagulans, cellulomonas and nitrobacteria, and the biological preparation is selected from the living bacteria preparation for fresh water aquaculture sold in the market and is prepared according to different living bacteria numbers and water quality characteristics. The number of viable bacteria added to the bacillus subtilis is 2 multiplied by 10
6Cells/m
3The number of viable bacteria added to the Bacillus coagulans is 1 × 10
6Cells/m
3The number of viable bacteria added to the Cellulomonas sp and the Nitrobacter sp is 3 multiplied by 10
6Cells/m
3。
By adopting the process for treatment, the initial water intake transmittance is 30cm, the SS of the drained water is 20mg/L, and the COD is 55 mg/L; after 15 days, the water quality of the water body reaches V-type indexes specified by surface water environmental quality standard GB 3838-2002; after 30 days of treatment, the transmittance reaches 80cm, except the ammonia nitrogen index is higher, other indexes all reach the surface water V-type standard, and the visible bottom of the water body near the bank is obtained; after 60 days, the water body begins to be clarified, the black odor is basically eliminated, the ecological system begins to recover in a stable period, but the ammonia nitrogen index is still high; after 3 months, a large amount of aquatic plants begin to grow at the bottom of the pond. In the later period, the aquatic plants are harvested and cleaned in autumn, so that secondary pollution is avoided.
Example 3:
shallow bay or buffer pit
The water pollution is relatively light, and is mostly organic pollution caused by accumulation in rainy seasons.
The side filtration treatment mainly plays a role in promoting circulation in the water body treatment. The water treatment amount is 3-5% of the total water amount of the black and odorous water body, water can be taken from a bay, or from a main river channel, and the water is drained to a shallow bay or a slow flow pit water inlet.
The side-filtering adsorption flocculation treatment adsorbent can be treated by 1-10mg/L bentonite, the flocculation process is treated by 5-10mg/L polyaluminium salt or 10mg/L modified starch, and the coagulation is carried out by cationic starch or polyacrylamide. Adopting a flocculating agent to control and adjust the zeta potential value of the water to be purified to be between-30 mV and 15mV, wherein the specific dosage is as follows: the adsorption time is 15min, the flocculation operation is 2 min, the coagulation time is 5min, and the precipitation time is 45 min.
The side filtration treatment adopts an artificial wetland filter tank for biological treatment, and the treatment time is 2 hours.
The side-filtering treatment technology adopts an artificial wetland filtration system for ecological filtration, and the aquatic plant species are lotus or water hyacinth and the like. The artificial wetland consists of a gravel layer, a zeolite layer, a sandy soil planting layer and a shallow water biological stocking layer, and the total hydraulic retention time is 16-48 h.
The gravel layer is composed of sandstone blocks with diameter of 5cm and height of 25cm, and zeolite layer formed by stacking zeolite particles with diameter of 1-2cm and total height of 20 cm. The thickness of the sandy soil layer is 30cm, and the free water layer on the sandy soil layer is 20 cm.
The in-situ reinforced microorganism remediation is realized by means of supplementing reinforced microorganisms in a water body. The reinforced microbial flora is added at the side filtering water outlet. The added viable bacteria preparation comprises Cellulomonas and nitrobacteria, the biological preparation is selected from commercially available viable bacteria preparation for fresh water aquaculture, and the number of the added viable bacteria is not less than 1-2 × 10
6Cells/m
3。
By adopting the process for treatment, the initial water intake transmittance is 60cm, the SS of the drained water is 20mg/L, and the COD is 50 mg/L; after 10 days of treatment, the water intake transmittance is 80cm, and the total water quality index of the water body reaches the V-type index specified by the surface water environmental quality standard GB 3838-2002; after 15 days, the water quality of the water body reaches the standard of surface water IV, the near bank zone can see the bottom, and the odor of the water body basically disappears; after 30-45 days of treatment, all indexes reach surface water IV standard, after 60 days, a stable period is entered, the ecological system starts to recover, and the treatment is mainly ecological filtration; post-treatment and maintenance are mainly used for preventing sudden pollution in rainy seasons.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A novel method for in-situ remediation and treatment of black and odorous water body by side filtration assisted and enhanced microorganisms is characterized in that: taking 0.2% -5% of water from the downstream of the black and odorous water body, sequentially carrying out side filtration treatment and in-situ enhanced microorganism remediation treatment, then discharging the water into the upstream water body, and continuously circulating until purification, wherein the side filtration treatment comprises three steps of physicochemical adsorption flocculation, biological treatment and ecological filtration which are sequentially carried out.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the physicochemical adsorption flocculation treatment comprises four steps of adsorption, flocculation, coagulation and precipitation which are sequentially carried out, wherein the adsorption adopts one or a mixture of more than two of bentonite, zeolite powder and diatomite as an adsorbent; the flocculation is implemented by taking one or a mixture of more than two of polyaluminium salt, alum, polyferric salt and modified starch as a flocculating agent, and the coagulation is implemented by taking one or a mixture of more than two of polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride, cationic starch and polyacrylamide as a coagulating agent.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the dosage of the bentonite is 1-15mg/L, the dosage of the zeolite powder is 1-100mg/L, and the dosage of the diatomite is 1-30 mg/L; the dosage of the flocculating agent is determined according to the zeta potential of the water body and is adjusted to be between-30 mV and 15 mV.
4. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the physicochemical adsorption flocculation selects a flocculating agent and an adsorbent according to the transmittance of a water body, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the transmittance is less than 30cm, the adsorbent is diatomite or bentonite, and the flocculating agent is one or a mixture of more than two of alum, polyaluminium salt and polyferric salt;
the transparency is 30-60cm, and the flocculating agent is one or a mixture of polyaluminium salt and modified starch;
the transparency is more than 80cm, and the absorption-addition coagulation treatment is adopted without using a flocculating agent.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the biological treatment adopts any one of a membrane bioreactor, a biological filter bed treatment, an immobilized anaerobic/aerobic treatment tank and an artificial wetland filter tank.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the ecological filtration is to form an artificial wetland filtration system for filtration by planting aquatic plants, wherein the aquatic plants comprise cattail, reed, lotus and water hyacinth, the artificial wetland consists of a gravel layer, a zeolite layer, a sandy soil planting layer and a shallow water organism stocking layer which are arranged from bottom to top, and the total hydraulic retention time is 4-48 h.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the gravel layer is formed by mixing and piling one or more than two of marble blocks with the diameter of 2-8cm, limestone blocks, building rubbish fragments and sand rock blocks with the height of 25-50 cm; the zeolite layer is formed by stacking zeolite particles with the diameter of 1-2cm, and the total height is 20-50 cm; the thickness of the sandy soil planting layer is 30cm-40 cm; the height of the shallow water organism stocking layer is 10-20 cm.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the in-situ reinforced microbial remediation treatment is to add a microbial flora in a water body, wherein the microbial flora is a mixture of more than two of bacillus subtilis, bacillus coagulans, cellulomonas, lactobacillus, nitrobacteria, light and bacteria.
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| CN110776215B (en) | 2022-07-01 |
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