CN110775669B - 拆垛设备 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种拆垛设备(1),包括:一连串输送机(10、11、12),布置成相对于水平线倾斜,每个输送机包括移动表面(S),用于接收和支撑通过输送机(10、11、12)向上运送的物品(J、K);以及用于改变流体压力的装置(2)。输送机(10、11、12)的表面(S)具有多个通孔,并且压力变化装置(2)流体动力地连接至这个表面(S)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种完善的拆垛设备(destacker apparatus),特别旨在用于在散页印刷品、信件、包裹或者其他物品的分拣系统中使用。
背景技术
已知拆垛机包括一系列倾斜的电动传送带,以限定一种坡道,在坡道底部提供有成摞或者成堆的物品,这些物品被抓紧并且从一系列传送带中的第一传送带向上运送。
拆垛通过利用重力来执行,当成组向上运送的物品中的一个或者多个向下滑动时允许它们分离,并且利用两个连续的传送带之间变化的速度或者加速度,使得在不同的物品之间创造能促进它们分离的不同的运动条件。
这些已知的系统操作在拆垛包裹或者其他不是特别轻的物品中具有一定的效果,但是当用于分离散页印刷品或者类似物时效果差得多。
发明内容
在本文中,本发明的技术任务的是提出能克服上述引用的现有技术的缺陷的拆垛设备。
该技术任务通过根据本发明的机器达成。本发明提供了一种拆垛设备,包括:一连串(a succession of)输送机,布置成相对于水平线倾斜,每个所述输送机包括移动表面,用于接收并支撑通过所述输送机向上运送的物品;以及至少一个用于改变流体压力的压力变化装置;其中至少一个所述输送机的所述表面具有多个通孔,并且其中所述压力变化装置能流体动力地连接至所述表面。
附图说明
从对本发明的设备优选但是非排他的实施方式的大体描述中,因此也是非限定性的描述中,本发明的进一步特征和优势将变得显而易见,在附图中示出了这些实施方式,在附图中:
-图1和图2是本发明设备的示意图,示出操作的两个模式;
-图3是前述设备的示意图,其中示出了调节阀;
-图4和图5是示意图,示出提出的设备的输送机可能的构造;以及
-图6至图8为示意图,示出本发明的操作的顺序。
具体实施方式
参考上文提到的图,参考标号1指示根据本发明实现的拆垛设备。
所提出的设备1首先包括一连串的输送机10、11、12,它们被布置成相对于水平线倾斜,以限定坡道,每一个输送机包括移动表面S,优选平坦的,用于接收和支撑向上运送的物品K、J。
实际上,这些输送机被布置成增加高度,优选具有相同的倾斜度,以限定向上的输送路径,例如,能设置三个输送机10、11、12。
这些物品,例如散页印刷品,还有包裹、信件或者其他,通过在多个输送机10、11、12之间连续的递送通道从设备1的底部向顶部输送。
设备1的输出端位于坡道10、11、12的顶部,通过输出端将物品递送至系统的其他站。
优选地,输送机10、11、12各自包括围绕端部驱动器闭合成环路的传送带,至少其中的一个是电动的;传送带10、11、12装配有接触表面S,通过传送带本身的上部坡道限定该接触表面。
根据坡道10、11、12的一种可能的构造,输送机10、11、12的接触表面S布置成大体上位于一个平面(见图4),然而根据不同的构造,输送机10、11、12以互相成对的如下方式布置:使得更上游的输送机的下游端部高于并且重叠更下游的输送机的上游端部(见图5)。
根据本发明的重要方面,设备1包括压力变化装置2,并且输送机10、11、12的接触表面S具有多个通孔,这些通孔被设计成放置为与压力变化装置2流体连通。
详细的,压力变化装置2能包括负压源以及超压源两者,负压源以及超压源可能重合并且通过压缩机/抽吸器限定,例如,装配有叶轮或者其他市场上已知的装置。
借助于这种手段,通过在接触表面S处产生负压(见图1和图3的箭头)能增加某些物品的附着,或者通过在表面S处产生超压(见例如图2)能减小某些物品的附着,与重力配合,使成摞的或者成堆的物品更为有效地分离成为可能。
例如,接收来自置于上游的相邻传送带10的物品J的传送带11(或者其他输送机)的附着能增加,以限定它与堆叠的其他物品K之间的附着梯度,以帮助卸垛或者拆垛(见图6和图7)。
相反,在下游传送带11上的一个或者多个物品J的转移期间,上游传送带10的附着能减少,使得重力帮助向下游滑动,分离成堆的东西。
前面段落描述的两种使用模式能一起或者以选择的方式使用,此外,进一步的使用模式将会于本发明的操作的描述中说明。
孔能形成在移动接触表面S的大半(majority)部分,并且优选它们以均匀的方式分布。
优选地,在输送机传送带10、11、12的内部放置有穿孔的盒型元件,该元件被设计成与压力变化装置2流体动力地连通。
甚至更详细地,在压力变化装置2与输送机10、11、12的内部之间能设置有连通管21,优选插入有阀22以调节流体连通(见图1至图3)。
例如,可以选择受压力变化影响的输送机10、11、12,对于每个输送机设置有独立的调节阀22。
根据本发明重要的方面,设备1包括一个或者多个采集装置3,采集装置被设计成检测在输送机10、11、12的一个或者多个上运动的物品J、K的布置。
每个采集装置3,例如能包括相机,被设计成根据获得的物品的构造产生布置信号。
此外,设备1包括处理单元,该处理单元连接至采集装置3并且构造成基于上面提到的布置信号控制压力变化装置2的操作。
在实际中,基于相机3(或者被设计用于该目的的其他装置)检测到的个体或者堆叠的物品的事实,受处理单元支配,抽吸器/压缩机2因此被启用或停用,或者上面提到的阀3打开或者关闭。
例如,如图6-图8所示,如果相机3检测到一组两个堆叠的物品J、K,处理单元能控制在更下游的传送带11(即,更高的那一个)的接触表面S上的抽吸作用,在重力的帮助下,产生两个物品J、K的分离,尤其是如果更上游的传送带10的接触表面S受空气吹动。
一旦已经执行分离,传送带10和传送带11两者上的附着能通过抽吸作用而增加,使得产品J、K不向下滑动。
根据本发明特别的实施方式,在每个输送机10、11、12的接触表面S处,输送表面沿着物品运动的表面被确定,输送表面被分为多个操作区域,这些操作区域被设计成选择性地定位成与压力变化装置2的流体连通。
在实际中,在传送带10、11、12(或者其他输送机)的上分支上确定多个范围或者象限,使得能彼此之间独立地吸/吹。
例如,传送带10、11、12内部可以设置两个或者更多个穿孔的盒型元件,或者穿孔的盒型结构能通过分隔物在内部被分为若干部分。
在任何情况下,每个操作区域可以用插入的相应阀22连接至抽吸器/压缩机2,阀22由处理单元控制。
详细地说,处理单元包括:位置模块,该位置模块被构造成,根据从相机3接收的布置信号,确定输送机表面上物品的相对位置;以及也包括选择模块,该选择模块构造成选择哪一个上述操作区域被置于与压力变化装置2连通。
换句话说,基于在传送带10、11、12上物品J、K的位置,处理单元能决定在特定的区域处产生表面压力的变化,例如,增加置于相同区域处的特定物品的附着并且能减小堆叠在第一个物品上的另一个物品的附着,以致引起它们的分离。
在本发明的一般方面中,操作如下文所描述。
所提出的设备1在坡道的底部被提供有成堆的或者堆叠的松散的物品。
第一传送带10向上运送产品J、K,开始受制于重力。
尤其是根据已经解释的方法,在传送带10、11、12的过渡区域产生附着差,以致分离或者另外的分散这些重叠的物品。
为了使物品拆垛以致消除互相的重叠,这个操作被重复几次。
因此,能理解本发明如何能够有效地同样拆垛散页印刷品或者其他非常轻的物品,从而克服了现有技术中的限制。
Claims (9)
1.一种拆垛设备(1),包括:
一连串输送机(10、11、12),布置成相对于水平线倾斜,每个所述输送机包括倾斜的移动表面,用于接收并支撑通过所述输送机(10、11、12)向上运送的物品(J、K);以及
至少一个用于改变流体压力的压力变化装置(2);
其中至少一个所述输送机(10、11、12)的所述移动表面具有多个通孔,并且其中所述压力变化装置(2)能流体动力地连接至所述移动表面;
其中所述压力变化装置(2)包括负压源以及超压源两者,通过在所述移动表面处产生负压能增加某些物品的附着,或者通过在所述移动表面处产生超压能减小某些物品的附着,与重力配合,使成摞的或者成堆的物品更为有效地分离成为可能。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备(1),其中所述通孔分布于所述移动表面的大半部分。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备,其中每个所述输送机(10、11、12)都包括围绕端部驱动器闭合成环路的输送机传送带,装配有通过所述传送带的上部坡道限定的接触表面(S)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的设备(1),在一个或者多个传送带(10、11、12)中包括穿孔的盒型元件,所述盒型元件被设计成与所述压力变化装置(2)流体动力地连通。
5.根据权利要求3所述的设备(1),其中两个或者更多个输送机(10、11、12)的所述接触表面(S)大体上被置于相同的平面上。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备(1),其中至少一对输送机(10、11、12)以这样的方式互相定位:更上游的输送机的下游端部高于下游的输送机的上游端部。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备(1),其中所述压力变化装置(2)被设计成产生负压。
8.根据权利要求3所述的设备(1),包括:
至少一个采集装置(3),所述采集装置被设计为检测在至少一个输送机(10、11、12)上运动的所述物品(J、K)的布置并且产生布置信号;以及
至少一个处理单元,所述处理单元连接至所述采集装置(3)并且被构造为根据所述布置信号控制所述压力变化装置(2)的操作。
9.根据权利要求8所述的设备(1),其中所述接触表面(S)限定输送表面,所述物品沿着所述输送表面运动,所述输送表面被分为多个操作区域,这些操作区域被设计成选择性地置于与所述压力变化装置(2)流体连通,所述处理单元包括位置模块和选择模块,所述位置模块用于根据所述布置信号来确定所述物品(J、K)在所述输送机的表面上的相对位置,所述选择模块被构造成根据位置信号来选择哪一个所述操作区域与所述压力变化装置(2)液体连通。
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AU2019204996A1 (en) | 2020-02-13 |
KR102470017B1 (ko) | 2022-11-22 |
BR102019015448A2 (pt) | 2020-02-11 |
US20200031595A1 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
CA3048826A1 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
IT201800007630A1 (it) | 2020-01-30 |
EP3604181A1 (en) | 2020-02-05 |
EP3604181B1 (en) | 2021-09-01 |
CA3048826C (en) | 2023-03-14 |
JP2020019653A (ja) | 2020-02-06 |
KR20200013608A (ko) | 2020-02-07 |
JP7161454B2 (ja) | 2022-10-26 |
US10865056B2 (en) | 2020-12-15 |
CN110775669A (zh) | 2020-02-11 |
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