CN110773255A

CN110773255A - Grain harvesting system

Info

Publication number: CN110773255A
Application number: CN201910680253.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高桥努
Original assignee: Iseki and Co Ltd
Current assignee: Iseki and Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-07-27
Filing date: 2019-07-26
Publication date: 2020-02-11
Also published as: JP2020014444A; JP6850436B2

Abstract

The invention provides a grain harvesting system, which can inhibit the deviation of brown rice and obtain high-grade brown rice. The combine harvester (1), the dryer (3), the rice mill (4) and the metering and sorting machine (5) are connected through the internet, information of lodging rates of grain stalks obtained when the grain stalks are harvested by the combine harvester (1) is sent to the dryer (3), the rice mill (4) and the metering and sorting machine (5) through the internet, when the lodging rates of the grain stalks are lower than a predetermined lodging rate, grains threshed by the combine harvester (1) are sent to the 1 st dryer (3A) and are subjected to hot air drying for a predetermined time, when the lodging rates of the grain stalks are higher than the predetermined lodging rate, the grains threshed by the combine harvester (1) are sent to the 2 nd dryer (3B) and are subjected to hot air drying for a predetermined time, and then the grains are subjected to hot air drying for a predetermined time.

Description

Grain harvesting system

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a grain harvesting system, which comprises: a combine harvester which harvests the grain stalks in the field; a dryer that performs hot air drying of the fed grains; and a rice mill for removing rice husk of grains.

Background

In previous grain harvesting systems, techniques are known that: the method comprises the steps of connecting the Internet between the combine harvester and the dryer, comparing the grain quantity stored in the combine harvester with the grain quantity capable of being subjected to hot air treatment through the dryer to determine the end time of the combine harvester, and drying grains harvested through the combine harvester in the same day through the dryer after the same day. (see patent document 1)

In addition, in grain harvesting systems, techniques are known in which: the method comprises the steps of connecting the Internet between the combine harvester and the dryer, sending the grain amount which can be additionally sent into the dryer to the combine harvester, and conveying the grain amount which can be additionally sent into the dryer from the combine harvester and sending the grain amount, so that the drying processing capacity of the dryer is improved. (see patent document 2)

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2014-187908

Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2017-77193

However, in the techniques of patent documents 1 and 2, since relatively small grains having a high moisture content are harvested from grain stalks lying down in a field and relatively large grains having a low moisture content are harvested from grain stalks standing up in a field are fed to the same dryer, there are disadvantages as follows: when hot air drying is performed by a dryer, the brown rice is broken and becomes smaller grains, and the quality of the brown rice from which the rice hulls are removed is deteriorated, and the grade of the brown rice is lowered.

Disclosure of Invention

Accordingly, a main object of the present invention is to provide a grain harvesting system capable of obtaining high-grade brown rice by suppressing the variation of the brown rice.

The present invention for solving the above problems is as follows.

That is, the invention described in claim 1 is a grain harvesting system including: a combine harvester 1 that harvests grain stalks in a field and threshes the grain stalks; a dryer 3 for drying the grains threshed by the combine harvester 1; a rice husking machine 4 for removing rice husks from the grains dried by the drying machine 3; and a measuring and sorting machine 5 that measures the weight of the brown rice from which rice hulls have been removed by the rice mill 4, wherein the combine harvester 1, the dryer 3, the rice mill 4, and the measuring and sorting machine 5 are connected via the internet, information on a lodging rate of straw obtained when the rice is harvested by the combine harvester 1 is transmitted to the dryer 3, the rice mill 4, and the measuring and sorting machine 5 via the internet, and when the lodging rate of straw is lower than a predetermined lodging rate, grains threshed by the combine harvester 1 are sent to a 1 st dryer 3A and hot-air dried for a predetermined time, and when the lodging rate of straw is equal to or higher than the predetermined lodging rate, grains threshed by the combine harvester 1 are sent to a 2 nd dryer 3B and air dried for a predetermined time, then, the hot air drying is performed for a predetermined time.

The invention described in claim 2 is the grain harvesting system according to claim 1, wherein a gap between the pair of hulling rollers 55 and 56 of the 2 nd rice mill 4B provided on the process side after the 2 nd dryer 3B is set narrower than a gap between the pair of hulling rollers 55 and 56 of the 1 st rice mill 4A provided on the process side after the 1 st dryer 3A.

The invention described in claim 3 is the grain harvesting system described in claim 2, wherein when the field includes a 1 st field B and a 2 nd field C different from the 1 st field B, the weight of the brown rice measured by a 1 st measuring and sorting machine 5A provided on the process side after the 1 st rice mill 4A is proportionally distributed according to the area of the 1 st field B and the lodging rate of the rice straw, and the area of the 2 nd field C and the lodging rate of the rice straw, and, in the case where the field includes the 1 st field B and the 2 nd field C different from the 1 st field B, the weight of the brown rice measured by the 2 nd measuring and sorting machine 5B provided on the process side after the 2 nd rice mill 4B is proportionally distributed based on the area of the 1 st field B and the lodging rate of the rice straw, and the area of the 2 nd field C and the lodging rate of the rice straw.

The invention described in claim 4 is the grain harvesting system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lodging percentage is calculated by dividing a distance traveled by the travel device 22 of the combine harvester 1 in a state where the lodging switch 41C provided in the combine harvester 1 is turned on by the travel device 22.

The invention described in claim 5 is the grain harvesting system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lodging percentage is calculated by dividing a distance traveled by the traveling device 22 of the combine harvester 1 at a speed lower than a predetermined speed by a distance traveled by the traveling device 22 of the combine harvester 1 at a speed equal to or higher than the predetermined speed when the shift lever 34A provided in the combine harvester 1 is operated to a low speed side.

According to the invention described in claim 1, since the combine harvester 1, the dryer 3, the rice mill 4, and the measuring and sorting machine 5 are connected via the internet, information on the lodging rate of the grain stalks obtained at the time of harvesting by the combine harvester 1 is transmitted to the dryer 3, the rice mill 4, and the measuring and sorting machine 5 via the internet, and when the lodging rate of the grain stalks is lower than a predetermined lodging rate, the grains threshed by the combine harvester 1 are sent to the 1 st dryer 3A and hot air drying is performed for a predetermined time, and when the lodging rate of the grain stalks is equal to or higher than the predetermined lodging rate, the grains threshed by the combine harvester 1 are sent to the 2 nd dryer 3B and air-dried for a predetermined time and then hot air-dried for a predetermined time, and therefore, grains harvested from grain stalks having greatly different lodging rates can be prevented from mixing in the dryer 3A and the dryer 3B, respectively, accordingly, the state of the grains to be dried can be made uniform in the respective dryers 3A and 3B, and the quality of the brown rice obtained on the process side after the dryers 3A and 3B can be prevented from being varied, thereby preventing the grade of the brown rice from being lowered.

According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, since the gap between the pair of husking rollers 55, 56 of the 2 nd rice mill 4B provided on the process side after the 2 nd dryer 3B is set narrower than the gap between the pair of husking rollers 55, 56 of the 1 st rice mill 4A provided on the process side after the 1 st dryer 3A, rice husks of grains having relatively small particle diameters after being dried in the other dryer 3B can be effectively removed.

According to the invention described in claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 2, in the case where the field includes the 1 st field B and the 2 nd field C different from the 1 st field B, the weight of the brown rice measured by the 1 st measuring and sorting machine 5A provided on the process side after the 1 st rice milling machine 4A is proportionally distributed based on the area of the 1 st field B and the lodging rate of the grain stalks, and the weight of the brown rice measured by the 2 nd measuring and sorting machine 5B provided on the process side after the 2 nd rice milling machine 4B is proportionally distributed based on the area of the 1 st field B and the lodging rate of the grain stalks, and the area of the 2 nd field C and the lodging rate of the grain stalks, in the case where the field includes the 1 st field B and the 2 nd field C different from the 1 st field B, and therefore, the weight of the brown rice harvested in the 1 st field B and the weight of the brown rice harvested in the 2 nd field C can be accurately grasped The weight of the brown rice can accurately make the fertilization plan of the 1 st field B and the fertilization plan of the 2 nd field C in the next year.

According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 3, since the lodging rate is calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the travel device 22 in the state where the lodging switch 41C provided in the combine harvester 1 is turned on by the travel device 22 of the combine harvester 1, the lodging rate of the grain stalks in the field can be calculated with higher accuracy than the visual judgment by the operator of the combine harvester 1.

According to the invention described in claim 5, in addition to the effect of the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 3, since the lodging rate is calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the traveling device 22 at a speed lower than the predetermined speed by the distance traveled by the traveling device 22 of the combine harvester 1 at a speed equal to or higher than the predetermined speed by operating the shift lever 34A provided in the combine harvester 1 to the low speed side, the lodging rate of the grain stalks in the field can be calculated with higher accuracy than the visual judgment by the operator of the combine harvester 1.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an illustration of a grain harvesting system.

Fig. 2 is an explanatory view of the drying machine, and the rice mill and the weighing classifier provided on the downstream side of the drying machine.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the combine harvester.

Fig. 4 is a top view of the combine.

Fig. 5 is a left side view of the combine.

Fig. 6 is a connection diagram of a controller of the combine harvester.

Fig. 7 is an explanatory view of a tablet pc provided in the combine harvester.

Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a controller of the dryer.

Fig. 9 is an explanatory view of a tablet pc provided in the dryer.

Fig. 10 is an explanatory view of a controller of the rice mill.

Fig. 11 is an explanatory view of a tablet computer provided in the rice mill.

Fig. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a controller of the metering sorter.

Fig. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a tablet pc provided in the weighing sorter.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a method of operating a grain harvesting system.

Fig. 15 is an explanatory view of a calculation method of the lodging rate of the grain stalks in the field, (a) shows a case where the harvesting operation is performed for 1 field a so that the grain box is filled with grains, (b) shows a case where the harvesting operation is performed for 2 fields B, C so that the grain box is filled with grains, and (c) shows a case where approximately half of the harvesting operation is performed for 1 field D so that the grain box is filled with grains.

Fig. 16 is an explanatory view of a monitor screen of a tablet pc of the combine harvester.

Fig. 17 is an explanatory view of a mode in which it is determined that the work of the combine harvester is interrupted, (a) is an explanatory view in the case of performing the harvesting work only on the outer periphery of the field, and (b) is an explanatory view in the case of performing the harvesting work only on a part of the field.

Description of the reference symbols

1: a combine harvester;

3: a dryer;

4: a rice mill;

5: a metering sorter;

22: a running device;

34A: a shift lever;

41C: a mode switch (a lodging switch);

55: a hulling roller;

56: a hulling roller;

b: field (field 1);

c: field (field 2).

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the grain harvesting system is composed of: a combine harvester 1 that harvests grain stalks in a field; a transport vehicle 2 such as a truck for transporting the grains threshed and sorted by the combine harvester 1; a dryer 3 for drying the grain conveyed and removing moisture; a rice mill 4 for removing rice hulls from the dried grains to form brown rice; and a weighing separator 5 for classifying the brown rice and measuring the weight of the brown rice.

As shown in fig. 2, a rice mill 4 and a weighing and sorting machine 5 are provided downstream of the 2 dryers 3, respectively, and the dryers 3, the rice mill 4, and the weighing and sorting machine 5 are provided in the same place in the grain harvesting center.

A tablet computer 10 capable of displaying and storing information such as the working time, the travel distance, and the fuel consumption of the combine harvester 1 is detachably provided to the combine harvester 1. A tablet computer 11 capable of displaying and storing information such as the operation and stop state of the dryer 3, the feedable amount, and the drying time is detachably provided in the dryer 3, a tablet computer 12 capable of displaying and storing information such as the operation and stop state of the rice mill 4, the feedable amount, and the husking time is detachably provided in the rice mill 4, and a tablet computer 13 capable of displaying and storing information such as the measurement result of the measuring and sorting machine 5 is detachably provided in the measuring and sorting machine 5.

The tablet computers 10 to 13 are connected to the internet through 3G, LTE, etc., so that the tablet computers 10 to 13 are connected to each other through the internet. Thus, the operator of the combine harvester 1 can grasp the operation state of the dryer 3 and the like through the monitor of the tablet pc 10 via the internet.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the tablet computers 11 to 13 are connected to the internet via 3G, LTE or the like, but the tablet computers 11 to 13 may be connected to a tablet computer for a gateway via LPWA, Wi-Fi or the like, and the tablet computer for the gateway may be connected to the internet via 3G, LTE or the like. Further, the transportation vehicle 2 may be detachably provided with a tablet personal computer for a vehicle.

< combine harvester >

Next, a description will be given of the combine harvester 1 used in the grain harvesting system. As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the combine harvester 1 is provided with a traveling device 22 including a pair of left and right crawler belts traveling on the soil surface on the lower side of the body frame 21, and a harvesting device 23 for harvesting grain stalks in the field on the front side of the body frame 21. A threshing device 24 for threshing and sorting the grain stalks harvested by the harvesting device 23 is provided on the rear left side of the harvesting device 23, and a control unit 25 on which an operator rides is provided on the rear right side of the harvesting device 23.

An engine room 26 on which an engine E is mounted is provided below the control unit 25, a grain tank 27 for storing grains threshed and sorted by the threshing device 24 is provided behind the control unit 25, and the grains stored in the grain tank 27 are discharged to the outside by a discharge screw (not shown) connected to the grain tank 27.

A front panel 31 is provided at the front of the operating unit 25, a steering lever 31A or the like for operating turning of the combine harvester 1, lifting of the harvesting unit 23, and the like is disposed on the front panel 31, an operating seat 32 on which an operator sits is provided at the rear of the operating unit 25, and a pedal 33 on which the operator moves up and down is provided at a lower portion between the front panel 31 and the operating seat 32. A side panel 34 is provided on the left side of the operator's seat 32, and a shift lever 34A and the like for operating the traveling speed of the combine harvester 1 are disposed on the side panel 34.

Next, the controller 40 of the combine harvester 1 will be explained. As shown in fig. 6, to the input side of the controller 40, there are connected via an input interface circuit: a start switch 41A for driving the engine E; a speed sensor 41B that measures a running speed of the running device 22; a mode switch (a "lodging switch" in the claims) 41C for switching the traveling speed of the traveling device 22, the harvesting conveying speed of the harvesting device 23, and the like according to the lodging state of the grain stalks in the field; a weight sensor 41D that measures the weight of grains stored in the grain tank 27; a moisture sensor 41E that measures the moisture rate of grains stored in the grain tank 27; a fuel sensor 41F that measures the remaining amount of light oil stored in the fuel tank; and a receiving unit 41G for receiving position information from the GPS.

The output side of the controller 40 is connected via an output interface circuit to: a transmission 42A that increases and decreases the rotation speed of the engine E; a monitor 42B for displaying a traveling speed of the traveling device 22; and a communication unit 42C that transmits the data stored in the controller 40 to the tablet pc 10 provided in the combine harvester 1, and the like.

Next, the tablet pc 10 will be explained. As shown in fig. 7, the tablet pc 10 is composed of: an input unit 45 for selecting the work information of the combine harvester 1 and the position information of the field displayed on the monitor; a central processing unit 46 for displaying the information selected by the input unit 45 on a monitor; a storage unit 47 for storing information transmitted from the controller 40 and the like; a receiving unit 48 that receives position information from the GPS; and a communication unit 49 connected to the controller 40 or the internet. The tablet pc 10 and the controller 40 are connected by bluetooth (registered trademark) which is short-range wireless communication.

< dryer >

Next, the dryer 3 will be explained. As shown in fig. 2, an inlet 50 for introducing grains is formed in the lower part of the dryer 3, and a burner 51 is provided above the inlet 50, and the burner 51 heats air blown toward the grains introduced.

The grains are dried by repeatedly performing the following steps: the grains that circulate in the dryer 3, that is, the grains that have been exposed to the hot air (air heated by the burner 51) and have been deprived of the predetermined moisture, are conveyed to the upper portion of the dryer 3 by the elevator 52 provided on the side wall of the dryer 3, and then fall downward and are again exposed to the hot air to further deprive the predetermined moisture. This can remove water from grains to suppress the stuffy wetting of grains, thereby preventing the deterioration of the quality of grains. The grains dried by the dryer 3 are sent to the rice mill 4 through the connection pipe 53.

Next, the controller 60 of the dryer 3 will be explained. As shown in fig. 8, a moisture meter 61A and the like are connected to the input side of the controller 60 via an input interface circuit, and the moisture meter 61A measures the moisture content of grains circulating in the dryer 3.

The output side of the controller 60 is connected to: an ignition device 62A that ignites the burner 51; a drive device 62B for raising and lowering the lifter 52; a drive device 62C for rotating a fan (not shown) provided to face the combustor 51; a monitor 62D for displaying the ignition timing of the burner 51; and a transmission unit 62E for transmitting the data stored in the controller 60 to the tablet pc 11 provided in the dryer 3.

Next, the tablet pc 11 will be explained. As shown in fig. 9, the tablet pc 11 is composed of: an input unit 65 for selecting the moisture content of grains displayed on the monitor, the ignition time of the burner 51, and the like; a central processing unit 66 for displaying the information selected by the input unit 65 on a monitor; a storage unit 67 for storing information transmitted from the controller 60 and the like; a receiving unit 68 that receives position information from the GPS; and a communication section 69 connected to the controller 60 or the internet. The tablet pc 11 and the controller 60 are connected by bluetooth (registered trademark) which is short-range wireless communication.

< Rice mill >

Next, the rice mill 4 will be explained. As shown in fig. 2, a feed port 54 for feeding dried grains is formed at an upper front portion of the rice mill 4, and a pair of hulling rollers 55 and 56 arranged such that the long axes of the rollers face in the left-right direction are provided behind the feed port 54. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the front hulling roll 55 is formed to have a larger roll diameter than the rear hulling roll 56.

The grains are conveyed from above to below in the gap formed between the pair of hulling rollers 55, 56, and during the conveyance, the husks of the grains are removed by the difference in the peripheral speed of the pair of hulling rollers 55, 56 to become brown rice. The brown rice from which the husk is removed by the rice mill 4 is conveyed to the weighing classifier 5 via the connection pipe 57.

Next, the controller 70 of the rice mill 4 will be explained. As shown in fig. 10, a moisture meter 71A and the like for measuring the moisture content of grain fed into the rice mill 4 are connected to the input side of the controller 70 via an input interface circuit.

The output side of the controller 70 is connected via an output interface circuit to: a driving device 72A for driving the pair of hulling rollers 55, 56; a driving device 72B for adjusting the gap between the pair of hulling rollers 55, 56; a monitor 72C for displaying the driving time of the pair of hulling rollers 55, 56; and a communication unit 72D for transmitting the data stored in the controller 70 to the tablet pc 12 provided in the rice mill 4.

Next, the tablet pc 12 will be explained. As shown in fig. 11, the tablet pc 12 is composed of: an input unit 75 for selecting the moisture content of the grain displayed on the monitor, the gap between the pair of husking rollers 55, 56, and the like; a central processing unit 76 for displaying the information selected by the input unit 75 on a monitor; a storage unit 77 that stores information and the like transmitted from the controller 70 and the like; a receiving unit 78 that receives position information from a GPS; and a communication section 79 connected to the controller 70 or the internet. The tablet pc 12 and the controller 70 are connected by bluetooth (registered trademark) which is short-range wireless communication.

< metering sorter >

Next, the weighing classifier 5 will be explained. As shown in fig. 2, a weighing hopper 58 for feeding the brown rice is provided below the weighing classifier 5, and a weighing scale 59 is provided below the weighing hopper 58. This enables the weight of the harvested brown rice to be accurately grasped.

Next, the controller 80 of the weighing classifier 5 will be explained. As shown in fig. 12, to the input side of the controller 80, there are connected via an input interface circuit: a moisture meter 81A for measuring the moisture percentage of the grain fed into the measuring and sorting machine 5; and a weight scale 59, etc.

The output side of the controller 80 is connected via an output interface circuit to: a drive device 82A for raising and lowering the weighing hopper 58; a drive device 82B that activates the weight scale 59; a monitor 82C for displaying the weight of the brown rice measured by the weight meter 59; and a communication unit 82D or the like that transmits the data held in the controller 80 to the tablet pc 13 provided in the weighing and sorting machine 5.

Next, the tablet pc 13 will be explained. As shown in fig. 13, the tablet pc 13 is composed of: an input unit 85 for selecting the moisture content of the brown rice displayed on the monitor, the weight of the brown rice measured by the measuring and sorting machine 5, and the like; a central processing unit 86 for displaying the information selected by the input unit 85 on a monitor; a storage unit 87 for storing information transmitted from the controller 80 and the like; a receiving unit 88 that receives position information from a GPS; and a communication section 89 connected to the controller 80 or the internet. The tablet pc 13 and the controller 80 are connected by bluetooth (registered trademark) which is short-range wireless communication.

Method for operating grain harvesting system

Next, a method of operating the grain harvesting system will be described. As shown in fig. 14, in step S1, the starting switch 41A provided in the control unit 25 is turned on to drive the combine harvester 1, and the process proceeds to step S2.

In step S2, the traveling device 22, the harvesting device 23, the threshing device 24, and the like are driven, a full cup sensor (not shown) provided at the upper portion of the grain tank 27 is turned on, that is, harvesting work is performed until the grain tank 27 is filled with grains, and the process proceeds to step S3.

In step S3, the grains stored in the grain tank 27 are discharged to the compartment of the transport vehicle 2 and transported to the grain harvesting center, and then the process proceeds to step S4.

In step S4, the controller 40 calculates the lodging rate of the grain stalks from which the grains discharged from the grain box 27 into the compartment of the transport vehicle 2 in step S3 are harvested, and in the present embodiment, if the calculated lodging rate is less than 60%, the process proceeds to step S5, and if the lodging rate is 60% or more, the process proceeds to step S10. This can maintain the quality of grains fed to the same dryer 3 within a predetermined range, and can maintain the grade of the brown rice obtained by the dryer 3 and the rice mill 4 at a high level.

The lodging rate calculated by the controller 40 is transmitted to the tablet pc 10 via bluetooth, the lodging rate transmitted to the tablet pc 10 is transmitted to the internet through 3G, LTE or the like, and the lodging rate transmitted to the internet is transmitted to the

tablet pcs

11, 12, 13 through 3G, LTE or the like. Accordingly, the combustion time of the burner 51 of the dryer 3 and the like, the gap between the pair of hulling rollers 55 and 56 of the rice mill 4, and the like can be adjusted based on the lodging rate calculated by the controller 40, and the grade of the obtained brown rice can be maintained high. The grains harvested from the lodging straw are inferior in grade to the grains harvested from the non-lodging straw because the grains are poorly developed grains and because the moisture content of the grains is high due to the lodging, the grains are soft and broken into small grains during the circulation of the dryer 3 and the husking of the rice mill 4.

Various calculation methods such as a calculation method using image processing can be considered for calculating the lodging rate of the grain stalks in the field, but in the present embodiment, the lodging rate of the grain stalks in the field is calculated by the following calculation method.

(calculation method of lodging ratio of straw 1.)

The calculation is performed by the expression 1 of multiplying the value obtained by dividing the area S1 where the operator of the combine harvester 1 determines that the mode switch 41C is turned on, that is, the stalk in the field is fallen and the transportation speed of the harvesting device 23 is set to a high speed to perform the harvesting operation, by the area S2 where the harvesting operation is performed, by 100%.

Formula 1 lodging rate ═ area S1/area S2 x 100 (%)

The area S1 can be calculated by multiplying the harvesting width of the harvesting unit 23 in the left-right direction by the travel distance traveled by the travel unit 22 after the mode switch 41C is turned on, and the area S2 can be calculated by multiplying the harvesting width of the harvesting unit 23 in the left-right direction by the travel distance traveled by the travel unit 22.

Thereby, the lodging rate of the grain stalks from which the grains discharged from the grain box 27 into the compartment of the transport vehicle 2 in step S3 are harvested can be accurately calculated.

(calculation method 2 of lodging ratio of straw)

The calculation is performed by the expression 2 of multiplying the value obtained by dividing the area S3 where the operator of the combine harvester 1 determines that the grain stalks in the field are fallen down and the traveling speed of the traveling device 22 is set to a low speed to perform the harvesting operation by the area S4 where the harvesting operation is performed, by operating the shift lever 34A to the rear side by the operator of the combine harvester 1, by 100%.

Formula 2 lodging rate ═ area S3/area S4 x 100 (%)

Then, the area S3 can be calculated by multiplying the harvesting width of the harvesting device 23 in the left-right direction by the travel distance traveled by the traveling device 22 after the traveling speed of the traveling device 22 becomes low, and the area S4 can be calculated by multiplying the harvesting width of the harvesting device 23 in the left-right direction by the travel distance traveled by the traveling device 22.

Next, a method 1 of calculating the lodging rate will be described by taking a specific field harvesting operation as an example. The method for calculating the lodging ratio 2 is also the same, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.

Fig. 15 (a) shows a case where the harvesting operation of the field a is performed so that the grain tank 27 of the combine harvester 1 is filled with grains. The portion shown in hatching in the center represents the area S1 where the operator of the combine harvester 1 performs harvesting operation after turning on the mode switch 41C. In fig. 15 (a), the area S1 is 30a, and the area S2 is 100 a. Therefore, the lodging ratio is calculated as 30% from (30/100) × 100% according to equation 1.

Fig. 15 (b) shows the following case: after the harvesting operation of the field (the "1 st field" in the claims) B is performed, the harvesting operation of the field (the "2 nd field" in the claims) C different from the field B is performed so that the grain tank 27 of the combine harvester 1 is filled with grains. The shaded portion in the center of the field B indicates the area S1 where the operator of the combine harvester 1 turns on the mode switch 41C and performs the harvesting operation. In the field B of fig. 15 (B), the area S1 is 15a and the area S2 is 50 a. Therefore, the lodging ratio of field B was calculated as 30% from (15/50) × 100% according to equation 1.

In field C, there are no such sites: the operator of the combine harvester 1 determines that the grain stalks of the field C are not fallen down and turns on the mode switch 41C to perform the harvesting operation. In the field C in fig. 15 (b), the area S1 is 0a and the area S2 is 50 a. Therefore, the lodging ratio (%) of field C was calculated as 0% from (0/50) × 100% according to equation 1.

The lodging ratio of the entire field B and the entire field C in fig. 15 (B) was calculated as 15% from (15+0/50+50) × 100%.

Fig. 15 (c) shows a case where the harvesting operation of the left half of the field D is performed so that the grain tank 27 of the combine harvester 1 is filled with grains. The shaded area in the center of the left half of the field D indicates the area S1 where the operator of the combine harvester 1 turns on the mode switch 41C and performs the harvesting operation. In fig. 15 (c), the area S1 is 30a, and the area S2 is 100 a. Therefore, the lodging ratio (%) was calculated as 30% from (30/100) × 100% according to formula 1.

Further, when the operator of the combine harvester 1 determines that all the grain stalks in the field are fallen, the operator can directly input the fall rate of 100% to the tablet pc 10 from the input unit 45, and when the operator determines that all the grain stalks in the field are standing up, the operator can directly input the fall rate of 0% to the tablet pc 10 from the input unit 45.

In step S5, the grains transported by the transport vehicle 2 are sent to the inlet 50 of the 1 st dryer 3, and then the process proceeds to step S6. Hereinafter, the 1 st dryer 3 is referred to as a dryer 3A, the 1 st rice mill 4 connected downstream of the dryer 3A is referred to as a rice mill 4A, and the weighing classifier 5 connected downstream of the dryer 3A is referred to as a weighing classifier 5A.

In step S6, the controller 60 provided in the dryer 3A drives the ignition device 62A to ignite the burner 51, drives the driving device 62B to raise and lower the lifter 52, and drives the driving device 62C to rotate the fan. The ignition of the burner 51 is continued until the moisture meter 61A detects that the moisture percentage of the grains circulating in the dryer 3A is lower than the predetermined moisture percentage, and the ignition of the burner 51 is stopped when the moisture percentage of the grains circulating in the dryer 3A is lower than the predetermined moisture percentage. The grains dried in the dryer 3A are transferred to the 1 st rice mill 4A connected to the dryer 3A, and the process proceeds to step S7.

In step S7, the controller 70 provided in the rice mill 4A drives the drive device 72A to rotate the pair of hulling rollers 55 and 56. The brown rice from which the rice hulls have been removed is conveyed to the 1 st measuring and sorting machine 5A connected to the rice mill 4A, and then the flow proceeds to step S8. Between step S7 and step S8, the following steps may be performed in the same manner as step S14, which will be described later: the controller 70 provided in the rice mill 4A drives the driving device 72B to narrow the gap between the pair of hulling rollers 55, 56.

In step S8, the controller 80 provided in the weighing classifier 5A drives the driving device 82A to place the weight hopper 58 into which the brown rice is fed on the weight scale 59, and drives the driving device 82B to start the weight scale 59 to measure the weight of the brown rice. The weighed brown rice is bagged and conveyed to the outside, and then the process proceeds to step S9.

In step S9, the controller 80 provided in the weighing classifier 5A calculates the weight of the brown rice harvested in each field. Thus, the fertilizing amount of the fertilizer to be applied to each field in the next year can be calculated, and the crop planting work can be effectively performed in each field, so that the quality of the brown rice harvested in the next year can be improved.

The calculated weights of the brown rice harvested in the respective fields are displayed on the monitor 82C of the measuring and sorting machine 5A and transmitted to the tablet pc 13 through bluetooth, the weights of the brown rice harvested in the respective fields transmitted to the tablet pc 13 are transmitted to the internet through 3G, LTE and the like, and the weights of the brown rice harvested in the respective fields transmitted to the internet are transmitted to the tablet pc 10 through 3G, LTE and the like, so that the operator of the combine harvester 1 can easily grasp them.

Next, a method of calculating the weight of the brown rice harvested from the field B having a lodging rate of 30% and the weight of the brown rice harvested from the field C having a lodging rate of 0% will be described with reference to an example shown in fig. 15 (B) in which the harvesting operation of the field B is performed and then the harvesting operation of the field C different from the field B is performed so that the grain tank 27 of the combine harvester 1 is filled with grains.

In step S8, when the total weight of the brown rice harvested from the fields B and C measured by the weight meter 59 is 1400kg, the areas S2 of the fields B and C are equal, and therefore the predicted weights of the brown rice harvested from the fields B and C are 700kg, respectively.

Next, in order to calculate the brown rice weight of the field B, the yield coefficient (0.9) corresponding to the lodging rate shown in table 1 was multiplied by the predicted brown rice weight of the field B (700kg), to calculate the brown rice weight of the field B (630 kg).

[ Table 1]

Lodging rate [% ]]	Coefficient of production
		0～15	1.00
15～60	0.00
		60～80	0.90
80～90	0.80
		90～100	0.80
100	0.70

Next, in order to calculate the brown rice weight of the field C, the brown rice weight of the field B (630kg) was subtracted from the total brown rice weight (1400kg), and the brown rice weight of the field C (770kg) was calculated.

Thus, the fertilizing amount of the fertilizer to be applied to each field in the next year can be calculated with higher accuracy, and the crop planting work can be performed more efficiently in each field, so that the quality of the brown rice harvested in the next year can be further improved.

In step S10, the grains transported by the transport vehicle 2 are sent to the inlet 50 of the 2 nd dryer 3, and the process proceeds to step S11. Hereinafter, the 2 nd dryer 3 is referred to as a dryer 3B, the 1 st rice mill 4 connected downstream of the dryer 3B is referred to as a rice mill 4B, and the weighing classifier 5 connected downstream of the dryer 3B is referred to as a weighing classifier 5B.

In step S11, controller 60 provided in dryer 3B drives drive device 62B to raise and lower lifter 52, and drives drive device 62C to rotate the fan. The grain is naturally dried without ignition of the burner 51 until the moisture meter 61A detects that the moisture content of the grain circulating in the dryer 3A is lower than a predetermined moisture content. This can prevent the grains fed into the dryer 3B from being broken.

In step S12, the controller 60 provided in the dryer 3A drives the ignition device 62A to ignite the burner 51. The ignition of the burner 51 is continued until the moisture meter 61A detects that the moisture percentage of the grains circulating in the dryer 3B is lower than the predetermined moisture percentage, and when the moisture percentage of the grains circulating in the dryer 3B is lower than the predetermined moisture percentage, the ignition of the burner 51 is stopped. The grains dried in the dryer 3B are transferred to the 2 nd rice mill 4B connected to the dryer 3B, and the process proceeds to step S13.

In step S13, the controller 70 provided in the rice mill 4B drives the drive device 72A to rotate the pair of hulling rollers 55, 56, and then the process proceeds to step S14.

In step S14, the controller 70 provided in the rice mill 4B drives the driving device 72B to narrow the gap between the pair of hulling rollers 55, 56. This enables the rice husk of relatively small grains fed into the rice mill 4B to be efficiently removed. The brown rice from which the rice hulls have been removed is conveyed to the 1 st measuring and sorting machine 5B connected to the rice mill 4B, and then the flow proceeds to step S15.

In step S15, the controller 80 provided in the weighing classifier 5B drives the driving device 82A to place the weight hopper 58 into which the brown rice is fed on the weight scale 59, and drives the driving device 82B to start the weight scale 59 to measure the weight of the brown rice. The weighed brown rice is bagged and conveyed to the outside, and then the process proceeds to step S16.

In step S16, the controller 80 provided in the weighing classifier 5B calculates the weight of the brown rice harvested in each field. Thus, the fertilizing amount of the fertilizer to be applied to each field in the next year can be calculated, and the crop planting work can be effectively performed in each field, so that the quality of the brown rice harvested in the next year can be improved.

The calculated weight of the brown rice harvested in each field is displayed on the monitor 82C of the measuring and sorting machine 5B and is transmitted to the tablet pc 10 via the internet, so that the operator of the combine harvester 1 can easily grasp it. The calculation method for calculating the weight of the brown rice harvested in each field is as described above, and therefore, is omitted.

< tablet computer >

Next, a monitor screen of the tablet pc 10 provided in the combine harvester 1 will be described. When the operator inputs a display period desired to be displayed from the input unit 45 provided at the lower portion of the monitor screen of the tablet pc 10, the operator performs transmission between the tablet pc 10 and the internet, and the history of the operation state of the combine harvester 1 during the display period is transmitted from the internet to the tablet pc 10.

As shown in fig. 16, in the present embodiment, the operation states of the combine harvester 1 from 2016, 8, 16 to 2016, 9, 16 are displayed in reverse order of the dates. The operating state of the combine harvester 1 can be scroll-displayed by operating the input unit 45. Thus, the operator can grasp the previous operation state of the combine harvester 1, and can easily make an operation plan of the combine harvester 1.

On the monitor screen of the tablet pc 10, a field name of the field, a date and time when the operation was performed, a rough area of the field, an operation area of the field, fuel used, a harvested crop, a variety of the crop, and a state of the operation, which are specified from the position information from the GPS, are displayed.

When the harvesting operation of the field specified by the field name by the combine harvester 1 is completed, the operation state is indicated as completed, and when the harvesting operation by the combine harvester 1 is interrupted, for example, when the grain tank 27 of the combine harvester 1 is filled with grains and the discharging operation is being performed on the transport vehicle 2, the operation state is indicated as interrupted.

When the combine harvester 1 is moved only in the outer periphery of the field specified by the position information from the GPS without performing the harvesting operation in the inner periphery of the field as shown in fig. 17 (a), or when the harvesting operation is performed only in a part of the field as shown in fig. 17 (b), it is determined that the harvesting operation of the combine harvester 1 is interrupted.

When the grain discharging operation is completed, the combine harvester 1 is moved to a position where the harvesting operation is performed before the interruption and is input to the operation restart button on the lower portion of the monitor screen of the tablet pc 10, the data such as the operation time after the interruption and the operation area of the field can be linked to the data such as the operation time before the interruption and the operation area of the field. This makes it possible to link the data before and after the interruption and manage the operating state of the combine harvester 1 in each field.

The time and the like associated with the movement from the field to the transport vehicle 2 performed by the combine harvester 1 during the period in which the operation state of the monitor screen of the tablet pc 10 is displayed as an interruption are not counted in the operation time displayed by the tablet pc 10. As a result, the actual working time of the combine harvester 1 in the field and the like are displayed on the monitor screen of the tablet pc 10, and therefore, the operator can accurately recognize the past working state of the combine harvester 1.

The map information from the GPS is displayed on the monitor screen of the tablet pc 10. When each field displayed on the monitor screen of the tablet pc 10 is clicked, the date and time of the operation, the approximate area of the field, the operation area of the field, the fuel used, the harvested crop, the variety of the crop, and the operation state are also displayed on each field. Thus, the operator can grasp the previous work state of the combine harvester 1 for each field, and can easily make a work plan for each field.

Claims

1. A grain harvesting system, comprising:

a combine harvester (1) which harvests grain stalks in a field and threshes the grain stalks;

a dryer (3) for drying the grains threshed by the combine harvester (1);

a rice husking machine (4) for removing rice husks from the grains dried by the drying machine (3); and

a measuring and sorting machine (5) for measuring the weight of the brown rice from which the rice hulls are removed by the rice mill (4),

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the combine harvester (1), the dryer (3), the rice mill (4) and the metering separator (5) are connected through the internet,

information on the lodging rate of the straw obtained at the time of harvesting by the combine harvester (1) is sent to the dryer (3), the rice mill (4) and the metering classifier (5) via the internet,

when the lodging rate of the straw is lower than a predetermined lodging rate, the grain threshed by the combine harvester (1) is sent to a drier (3A) 1 and is dried by hot air for a predetermined time,

when the lodging rate of the straw is more than a predetermined lodging rate, the grain threshed by the combine harvester (1) is sent to a 2 nd dryer (3B) and is ventilated and dried for a predetermined time, and then is hot-air dried for a predetermined time.

2. The grain harvesting system of claim 1,

the gap between the pair of hulling rollers (55, 56) of the 2 nd rice mill (4B) installed on the process side after the 2 nd dryer (3B) is set narrower than the gap between the pair of hulling rollers (55, 56) of the 1 st rice mill (4A) installed on the process side after the 1 st dryer (3A).

3. The grain harvesting system of claim 2,

when the field includes a 1 st field (B) and a 2 nd field (C) different from the 1 st field (B), the weight of the brown rice measured by a 1 st measuring and sorting machine (5A) provided on the process side after the 1 st rice mill (4A) is proportionally distributed according to the area of the 1 st field (B) and the lodging rate of the rice straw, and the area of the 2 nd field (C) and the lodging rate of the rice straw,

when the field includes a 1 st field (B) and a 2 nd field (C) different from the 1 st field (B), the weight of the brown rice measured by a 2 nd measuring and sorting machine (5B) provided on the process side after the 2 nd rice mill (4B) is proportionally distributed according to the area of the 1 st field (B) and the lodging rate of the rice straw, and the area of the 2 nd field (C) and the lodging rate of the rice straw.

4. The grain harvesting system of any of claims 1-3,

the lodging rate is calculated by dividing the distance traveled by a travel device (22) of the combine harvester (1) in a state in which a lodging switch (41C) provided in the combine harvester (1) is turned on by the distance traveled by the travel device (22).

5. The grain harvesting system of any of claims 1-3,

the lodging rate is calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the travel device (22) of the combine harvester (1) at a speed lower than a predetermined speed by the distance traveled by the travel device (22) at a speed greater than or equal to the predetermined speed by operating a shift lever (34A) provided in the combine harvester (1) to a low speed side.