JP5443450B2 - Combine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a combine that continuously harvests and thresh grains, for example.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a technique for performing harvesting work by transmitting engine driving force to a mission case that drives a threshing unit, a cutting unit, and a traveling crawler.

JP 2000-94988 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-248043

  In the structure in which the output shaft of the engine is directed to the left and right and the power is transmitted to the barrel through the bevel gear by changing the direction by 90 degrees, a bevel gear that can withstand the large horsepower required for the barrel is provided. As a result, there is a problem that the durability is insufficient. In addition, a counter case for pivotally supporting a constant rotating shaft (counter shaft) is provided, the same speed output shaft on the transmission case side and the constant rotating shaft are connected by belt, and a wet clutch in the counter case is inserted to feed the cutting part. In the structure that obtains the driving force, the belt transmission is always required when the constant rotation system and the vehicle speed synchronization system are separated from each other, and there is a problem that it is easy to rotate with the wet clutch by operating the engine. Further, in the structure provided with the transmission case hydraulic transmission mechanism, the cutting unit is driven by the vehicle speed synchronization through the hydraulic transmission force, so that even if the substantial necessary power of the cutting unit is about 10% of the engine horsepower, About 14 percent is required for the hydraulic transmission mechanism that outputs the driving force of the part, and a power loss of 4 percent occurs. Also, in the structure in which the hydraulic motor of the hydraulic transmission mechanism is made variable and used as a sub-transmission means, the relative speed between the cutting unit and the traveling crawler (vehicle speed) is changed by switching the sub-transmission, so Therefore, there is a problem that switching of the sub-shift is troublesome and the speed (vehicle speed) when the sub-shift is low becomes slow. In addition, the structure in which the shaft that transmits power to the cutting part, the shaft that transmits power to the sorting mechanism, and the shaft that transmits power to the feed chain are installed separately increases the assembly cost of each shaft, which is disadvantageous for maintenance. There is a problem that the structure for synchronizing the feed chain with the vehicle speed cannot be easily configured. Further, in a structure where the loss horsepower of the hydraulic transmission mechanism provided in the transmission case is about 10% of the engine power, the engine power is wasted or the fuel consumption is deteriorated, and it is necessary to increase the capacity of the oil cooler that lowers the oil temperature. There are problems such as making people feel lack of horsepower.

  Therefore, the present invention seeks to provide a combine that has been improved by examining these current conditions.

In order to achieve the above object, the combine of the invention according to claim 1 is provided with a continuously variable hydraulic speed change mechanism (107) including a hydraulic pump (105) and a hydraulic motor (106), so that the forward rotation state and the reverse rotation state are not required. In the combine in which the hydraulic pump (105) is configured in a variable displacement type that can be changed in stages, the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor (106) is set to a high speed such as a road traveling speed, a medium speed such as a standard cutting speed, or a lodging. A main transmission operating tool that configures the hydraulic motor (106) to a variable displacement type that can be changed and operated at a low speed such as an overturning cutting speed for harvesting cereals, and changes the rotational speed of the hydraulic pump (105). 112), a sub transmission operating tool (114) for changing the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor (106), and a sub transmission sensor (12) for detecting switching of the sub transmission operating tool (114). And a work controller (128) for connecting the hydraulic motor (106) to the output shaft (117) projecting from the transmission case (23) and transmitting the output shaft (117). This driving force is transmitted to the cutting drive shaft (85) of the cutting unit (8) .

The invention according to claim 1 is provided with a continuously variable hydraulic speed change mechanism (107) including a hydraulic pump (105) and a hydraulic motor (106), and is a variable capacity type that can be steplessly changed between a forward rotation state and a reverse rotation state. In the combine that constitutes the hydraulic pump (105), the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor (106) is set to a high speed such as a road traveling speed, a medium speed such as a standard cutting speed, or an overturning cutting speed for cutting an overhanging culm. The hydraulic motor (106) is configured in a variable displacement type that can be changed at a low speed, a main transmission operating tool (112) that changes the rotation speed of the hydraulic pump (105), and the hydraulic motor (106). ) Is connected to a sub-transmission operation tool (114) for changing the rotation speed of the sub-transmission operation tool (114) and a sub-transmission sensor (127) for detecting switching of the sub-transmission operation tool (114). 8), the driving force on the output side of the hydraulic motor (106) is transmitted to the output shaft (117) protruding from the transmission case (23), and the driving force of the output shaft (117) 8) Since it is configured to transmit to the cutting drive shaft (85), a running speed at which the harvesting operation can be performed properly by simply changing the rotational speed of the hydraulic pump (105) is displayed. Although it is possible, when the uncut cereal grains in the field are lying down during the harvesting operation, the hydraulic motor (106) alone is independent of the rotational speed of the hydraulic pump (105). By changing the rotation speed to the low speed side, it is possible to mow uncut cereals . Even subtransmission are not careful not switched to the high speed side, the change operation the rotational speed of the hydraulic pump (105), easily revealing the correct travel speed according to the situation of non-cutting culms For example, while the hydraulic motor (106) is fixed to a predetermined speed change state, the hydraulic pump (105) is speed-changed to a speed change state desired by an operator, and the harvesting operation can be advantageously performed. Also, when traveling on the road, such as moving between fields, independently changing the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor (106) independently of the rotational speed of the hydraulic pump (105) to change the moving speed to the high speed side. Can be operated. Furthermore , while maintaining the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor (106) on the high speed side, the rotational speed of the hydraulic pump (105) can be changed to run on the road.

In addition , a main transmission operation tool (112) for changing the rotation speed of the hydraulic pump (105), a sub transmission operation tool (114) for changing the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor (106), and the auxiliary transmission operation. And a work controller (128) for connecting a sub-transmission sensor (127) for detecting the switching of the gear (114), the hydraulic motor (106) constituting a part of the main transmission is used. The sub-transmission device can be constructed with a simple structure. For example, an actuator that changes the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor (106) is provided to change the rotational speed of the hydraulic pump (105). A control function or an auxiliary transmission control function for changing the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor (106) can be easily improved.

The whole side view of a combine. FIG. The front view of a threshing part and an engine attachment part. The same side view. FIG. Engine output system diagram. The principal part enlarged view. The side view of a counter case. FIG. FIG. The elements on larger scale of the previous figure. Transmission system diagram of the counter case. FIG. Explanatory drawing of the vehicle speed synchronization. Explanatory drawing of the same high speed cut and direct drive. Explanatory drawing of the same high speed cut. Explanatory drawing which provides a gear type subtransmission mechanism. Explanatory drawing which provides a variable hydraulic motor. Control circuit diagram of harvesting work. Flowchart of harvesting operation control. The drive output diagram of a cutting part.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall left side view of the combine, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof. In FIG. 1, 1 is a track frame on which a traveling crawler 2 is installed, 3 is a machine base installed on the track frame 1, and 4 is a feed chain 5 Is a threshing unit which is a threshing machine that is stretched on the left side and incorporates a handling cylinder 6 and a processing cylinder 7, 8 is a cutting part including a cutting blade 9 and a culm transport mechanism 10, and 11 is connected via a cutting frame 12. Hydraulic cylinder for raising and lowering the mowing unit 8, 13 is a waste disposal unit that faces the end of the waste chain 14, 15 is a grain tank that carries the grain from the threshing unit 4 through the milled cylinder 16, and 17 is the tank A discharge auger that carries 15 grains out of the machine, 18 is a driving cabin provided with a driving operation handle 19 and a driver's seat 20, and 21 is an engine provided below the driving cabin 18. Configure to That.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the engine 21 is installed in the engine room cover 22, and the front and rear, left and right sides and the upper surface of the engine 21 are covered with the engine room cover 22, and the engine 21 is disposed in front of the engine 21. A transmission case 23 and a radiator 24 are provided outside the cover 22, a universal joint shaft 25 is provided between the engine 21 and the transmission case 23, and the driving force of the engine 21 is transmitted to the transmission case 23. The drive sprocket 27 of the left and right traveling crawler 2 is pivotally supported via the, and the cooling fan 28 of the radiator 24 is provided on the right side surface of the transmission case 23, and the radiator 24 and the oil cooler 29 are cooled by the cooling fan 28.

  Further, the output shaft 30 of the engine 21 protrudes from the front and rear sides of the engine room cover 22, the universal joint shaft 25 is connected to the front side of the output shaft 30, and the work output pulley 31 is connected to the rear side of the output shaft 30. The counter case 32 is provided on the upper surface of the machine base 3 on the left side of the engine 21 on the left side of the engine 21, and the input pulley 33, the vehicle speed tuning pulley 34, the threshing pulley 35, the cutting pulley 36, and the selection pulley 37 are provided in the counter case 32. The input pulley 33 on the rear side of the case 32 is connected to the work output pulley 31 by the belt 38, and the driving force of the engine 21 is transmitted to the counter case 32. Further, the cutting speed pulley 34 on the right side of the counter case 32 is connected to the cutting drive pulley 39 of the transmission case 23, and a support base 41 is erected on the front upper surface of the machine base 3. The case 42 is rotatably supported, and the cutting frame 12 is connected to the case 42 and the cutting unit 8 is rotated around the case 42 to be lifted and lowered. The input pulley 44 is pivotally supported, the cutting pulley 36 on the left side of the counter case 32 is connected to the cutting input pulley 44 with the belt 45, and the driving force is transmitted to each part of the cutting unit 8.

  Further, a threshing pulley 35 on the front side of the counter case 32 is connected to the drive input pulleys 46 and 47 of the handling cylinder 4 and the processing cylinder 7, and a sorting pulley 49 is arranged on the sorting cylinder 49 and the swing sorting mechanism on the lower side of the handling cylinder 4. The driving force is transmitted from 37 to drive each part of the threshing unit 4, and the feed chain input shaft 50 is provided on the left side surface of the counter case 32, and the input shaft 50 is connected to the drive sprocket 51 of the feed chain 5 that can move outward. Power is transmitted from. Further, a discharge drive pulley 52 is provided on the front side of the grain tank 15, the pulley 52 is belt-connected to the work output pulley 31 via a discharge clutch, and the engine 21 output is transmitted to the discharge auger 17 to transfer the grains in the tank 15. Is discharged.

  Further, a ventilation duct 53 is connected to the front side of a sealed engine room cover 22 in which the engine 21 is installed, and a wind tunnel type dust removal case 54 is provided on the outer side surface of the engine room cover 22 and the front radiator 24 on the right side. The dust removal case 54 is rotatably mounted around the rear fulcrum shaft, and the outside air intake is opened above the rear side of the dust removal case 54 on the right side (machine outside), and the front lower side of the dust removal case 54 on the left side (machine inside). The radiator side filter and the ventilation side filter are joined to each other. The cooling fan 28 cools the air cooler 29 and the radiator 24 by taking outside air from the dust removal case 54 through a filter, and belt-couples the output shaft 30 to the generator pulley and the fan pulley in front of the engine 21. The ventilation fan 55 is provided on the front side (on the same axis) of the fan pulley, the ventilation fan 55 is provided at the connection portion between the engine room inside the engine room cover 22 and the ventilation duct 53, and is taken into the dust removal case 54 from the outside air intake. The outside air thus supplied is supplied into the enclosed engine compartment cover 22 through the ventilation duct 53 by the ventilation fan 55 to ventilate the engine room.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a first conveyor 56 for taking out the grains into the tank 15 is provided at the rear side of the sorting tang 49, and a second conveyor 57 and a sub-tang 58 for taking out the second sorting product to be re-sorted are provided. Further, provided on the rear side is a swing sorting plate 59 that is installed between the handling cylinder 6 and each of the conveyors 56 and 57. A sorting mechanism 60 is formed on the lower side of the handling cylinder 6, and the sorting pulley 37 to the sorting input belt. Power is transmitted to the sorting mechanism 60 via 61.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 13, a handle cylinder input shaft 62 is supported on the counter case 32, the shaft 62 is extended in the front-rear direction, and a threshing pulley is provided on the front side of the shaft 62 outside the front surface of the counter case 32. 35, an input pulley 33 is provided on the rear side of the shaft 62 outside the rear surface of the counter case 32, and a belt 38 is tensioned between the pulleys 31 and 33 via a tension roller type threshing clutch 63 to input a constant rotational power. Further, the engine 21 is mounted through a pair of left and right vibration isolation rubbers 64 and 65, and the belt 38 is driven from the rear side of the output shaft 30 on the flywheel 66 mounting side, and from the front side of the output side 30 on the gear case 67 mounting side. The drive shaft drive output is made via the universal joint shaft 25, the spring constant of the rear anti-vibration rubber 65 is formed larger than the spring constant of the front anti-vibration rubber 64, and the lateral load of the drive of the belt 38 on the flywheel 66 side. The anti-vibration rubber 65 receives the reaction force and increases the anti-vibration effect of the front anti-vibration rubber 64 that does not receive a lateral load, thereby ensuring constant vibration, low noise, and durability against the belt 38 reaction force.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, a tuning input shaft 68 is pivotally supported on the right side of the counter case 32, a vehicle speed tuning pulley 34 is provided on the right side of the shaft 68 outside the counter case 32, and a tension roller type cutting clutch 69 is provided. Then, the belt 40 is tensioned between the pulleys 34 and 39, and the vehicle speed synchronization power is input from the mission case 23 to the counter case 32.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, a constant rotational shaft 71 to the thresher input shaft 62 is a counter shaft or sorting input shaft to the right bevel gear 70 is connected, the vehicle speed tuning provided substantially parallel to the front side of the shaft 71 A shaft 72 is pivotally supported by the counter case 32, and a low speed gear 74 and a high speed gear 75 forming a cutting speed change mechanism 73 are provided between the shafts 71 and 72 so as to perform low speed, neutral and high speed cutting speed changes. The gear 74/75 is selectively engaged with the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 by the cutting speed change slider 76 to perform the cutting speed change. Further, a one-way clutch 77 for transmitting the vehicle speed synchronization rotational force of the tuning input shaft 68 to the gears 74 and 75, and a ball clutch type direct drive for detachably engaging the gears 74 and 75 with the tuning input shaft 68. A clutch 78 is provided on the tuning input shaft 68, and the power from the vehicle speed tuning pulley 39 is transmitted to the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 by the one-way clutch 77, while the tuning input shaft 68 and the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 are transmitted via the gears 74 and 75. Is rotated in conjunction with the direct drive clutch 78.

  Further, a pouring gear 80 and a high-speed cut gear 81 forming a constant rotation mechanism 79 are provided between the shafts 71 and 72, and the cutting shaft 8 is poured into the shafts 71 and 72 by pouring driving or high-speed cutting driving. The gears 80 and 81 are selectively engaged, and the cutting unit 8 is poured and driven to convey the grain of the cutting unit 8 to the feed chain 5 regardless of the running state, while the cutting unit 8 is cut at high speed. Driven to drive the cutting unit 8 at a constant rotational speed faster than the maximum speed synchronized with the vehicle speed, and cut the fallen cereal.

  Further, the left end of the constant rotation shaft 71 is protruded to the lower rear side on the left side of the counter case 32, and the sorting pulley 37 is pivotally supported on the left end portion of the shaft 71. Further, a cutting input shaft 83 is pivotally supported on the lower front side on the left side of the counter case 32, the right side of the shaft 83 is connected to the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72, and the left end portion of the shaft 83 protrudes to the left side of the counter case 32. The mowing pulley 36 is pivotally supported, and the mowing drive shaft 85 is connected to the mowing drive shaft 85 and the mowing input pulley 44 is pivotally supported by the mowing driving shaft 85. The fulcrum shaft 87 is supported on the support base 41. The gear case 88 is rotatably provided around the vertical axis, the left side of the cutting single shaft case 42 is detachably fixed to the gear case 88, the gear 86 is provided in each case 42, 88, and the cutting shaft 1 The cutting power 8 is input from the left end side and the cutting unit 8 is driven via the cutting two shaft 89 inserted into the cutting frame 12 on the right end side of the case 42, while the left side of the body around the fulcrum shaft 87. Rotate moved horizontally reaper 8, the maintenance around the case 23, 32 of the inboard and the like.

  Further, the feed chain input shaft 50 is pivotally supported on the upper left side of the counter case 32, the input shaft 50 is connected to the chain 92 to a feed chain drive shaft 91 provided with a feed chain clutch 90, and the constant rotation shaft 71 is rotated. Is provided with a feed chain transmission mechanism 93 that changes the speed by changing the rotational speed of the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72, and the planetary gear mechanism 97 including the sun gear 94, the planetary gear 95, and the ring gear 96 forms the mechanism 93 so that it can be continuously variable. The sun gear 94 is supported on the fixed rotating shaft 71 and the ring gear 96 is supported by the fixed rotating shaft 71. The ring gear 96 is connected to the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 and the planetary gear 95 is supported freely. The rotary shaft 71 is idled and supported via the feed chain clutch 90. The bearing body 99 is connected to the gear chain drive shaft 91 with the gear 100, and the feed chain 5 speed can be changed in synchronism with the vehicle speed from a low constant rotation to a high rotation while ensuring the minimum rotation necessary for conveying the cereal. doing.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a hydraulic cutting gear shift cylinder 101 that operates the cutting shift slider 76, a hydraulic direct drive cylinder 102 that turns on the direct drive clutch 78, a hydraulic constant rotation cylinder 103 that operates the switching slider 82, A hydraulic feed chain cylinder 104 that turns off the feed chain clutch 90 is fixed to the upper surface and the front surface of the counter case 32.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 17, a continuously variable hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 including a hydraulic pump 105 and a hydraulic motor 106 and a hydraulic steering mechanism 110 including a hydraulic pump 108 and a hydraulic motor 109 are provided in the transmission case 23, and a universal joint is provided. The hydraulic pumps 105 and 108 are driven by the engine 21 power transmitted through the shaft 25, and the main transmission lever 112 (main transmission operation tool) is connected to the output variable swash plate 111 of the hydraulic pump 105 for transmission. A mechanical gear sub-transmission mechanism 113 is provided on the output side of the hydraulic motor 106, and the mechanism 113 is connected to the sub-transmission lever 114 (sub-transmission operation tool) and is operated on the output variable swash plate 115 of the steering hydraulic pump 108. The direction handle 19 is connected, the outputs of the hydraulic motors 106 and 109 are forcibly differentially output from the planetary gear mechanism 116, and the left and right running Driving the crawler 2, the causes of the running operation of the forward-reverse and left-right turning, is journaled a drive pulley 39 reaper the continuously variable shifting output shaft 117 of the hydraulic motor 106 for the shift, continuously variable hydraulic transmission mechanism The main shift output 107 is transmitted from the pulley 39 to the counter case 32. Further, as shown in FIG. 18, the auxiliary transmission lever 114 may be connected to the output variable swash plate 117 of the transmission hydraulic motor 106 and the gear auxiliary transmission mechanism 113 of FIG. 17 may be omitted. The auxiliary speed change output of the hydraulic motor 106 is transmitted from the pulley 39 to the counter case 32.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 19, a threshing sensor 119 that detects the threshing clutch 63 of the threshing clutch lever 118, a reaping sensor 121 that detects the detaching clutch 69 of the reaping clutch lever 120, and a cutting speed change slider of the cutting speed change lever 122. A cutting shift sensor 123 that detects switching between low speed, neutral, and high speed of 76, a main transmission sensor 124 that detects switching between forward, neutral, and reverse of the main transmission lever 112, and detection of an operator's stepping operation on the pouring pedal 125 A manual pour sensor 126 that performs switching, and a sub shift sensor 127 (sub shift switch) that detects switching between the low speed, neutral, and high speed of the sub shift lever 114 are connected to a work controller 128 that includes a microcomputer.

  Further, a direct drive switch 129 for manually switching to an operation for driving the cutting unit 8 by a constant rotational output of the engine 21, left and right vehicle speed sensors 130 and 131 for detecting the speed (vehicle speed) of the left and right traveling crawlers 2, and cutting A culm sensor 132 for detecting the presence or absence of a transporting culm in the part 8, a reaping input sensor 133 for detecting the driving speed of the reaping part 8, and a reaping low speed and reaping high speed solenoid 134 for switching the reaping shift cylinder 101 to a low speed or a high speed. 135, a feed chain solenoid 136 that operates the feed chain clutch cylinder 104 so as to turn off the feed chain clutch 90, a flow solenoid 137 that causes the switching slider 82 to flow by the constant rotation cylinder 103 and engages the gear 80, and constant rotation The switching slider 82 is moved at a high speed by the cylinder 103. A high speed cut solenoid 138 for engaging the gear 81 and a direct drive solenoid 139 for operating the direct drive cylinder 102 directly into the drive clutch 78 are connected to the work controller 128, and the cutting unit 8 as shown in the flowchart of FIG. Is operated at a pouring speed, a high speed cutting speed, or a vehicle speed synchronization speed, and a constant rotational force is transmitted from the counter case 32 to the hydraulic motor 106 output side of the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107, so that the rotation speed is higher than the output of the motor 106. The traveling crawler 2 is directly driven without going through the mechanism 107.

  As apparent from the above, in the combine provided with the counter case 32 that transmits the driving force of the engine 21 to the handling cylinder 6, the handling cylinder input shaft 62 provided in the counter case 32 is extended in the longitudinal direction of the machine body. Then, the cylinder input shaft 62 is passed through the counter case 32 in the front-rear direction, the engine 21 is connected to the belt 38 at one end side of the cylinder input shaft 62, and the cylinder 6 is connected to the belt at the other end side of the cylinder input shaft 62. 48, the counter case 32 is used only as a bearing for the handling cylinder input shaft 62, and there is no need to provide an inefficient bevel gear in the handling cylinder 6 drive system that requires a large horsepower, and the driving efficiency of the handling cylinder 6 is improved. Alternatively, the internal oil temperature of the counter case 32 is prevented from rising, and the length of the handling cylinder input shaft 62 is changed to change the position of the handling cylinder 6 in the front-rear direction or the length of the handling cylinder 6 in the front-rear direction. For example, the counter case 32 can be shared by multiple models to reduce manufacturing costs.

  In addition, a constant rotation shaft 71 that is a counter shaft connected to the barrel input shaft 62 is provided in the counter case 32 to take out power to the side of the machine body, and the constant rotation shaft 71 is extended to the left side of the machine body, so that the threshing unit 4 The power of the sorting mechanism 60, the feed chain 5 and the cutting unit 8 is output from the left side of the constant rotation shaft 71, and the sorting mechanism 60 is driven or stopped simultaneously with the handling cylinder 6 by turning on and off the threshing clutch 63, and efficient and durable. A small bevel gear 70 capable of improving the performance connects the handle cylinder input shaft 62 to a low-power constant rotating shaft 71 and attaches a power source of the feed chain 5 or the cutting unit 8 to the left side of the machine body, and also synchronizes the vehicle speed. A vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 that drives the cutting unit 8 at a speed is provided in the counter case 32, and the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 is provided substantially parallel to the constant rotation shaft 71. The feed chain 5 is driven by the constant rotation output and the fluctuation output from the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72, and the feed chain 5 drive system for driving the feed chain 5 in synchronization with the vehicle speed while maintaining constant rotation is simplified and made compact. In addition, the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 is provided on the front side of the constant rotation shaft 71, and the drive system of the cutting unit 8 and the drive system of the sorting mechanism 60 are arranged in an efficient layout.

  Further, a feed chain input shaft 50 that transmits driving force to the feed chain 5 and a feed chain transmission mechanism 93 that changes the driving speed of the feed chain 5 in synchronism with the vehicle speed are provided in the counter case 32. The rotation of the cutting unit 8 is configured to increase the rotation of the feed chain 5 that maintains the rotation by a vehicle speed synchronization input, and to transmit power to the feed chain 5 on the lower side of the drive system of the cutting unit 8. The rotation of the feed chain 5 is kept relatively constant, and the good transfer inheritance performance of the harvested cereal culm is secured, and the belt 45 of the cutting unit drive system on the lower side than the position where the power is branched to the feed chain 5 is provided. A structure that is always tensioned, has a constant drive structure that does not include a power cutting member such as a clutch, and has a structure in which the reaping part 8 cannot be physically rotated backward. Thus, under the condition that the drive input to the cutting unit 8 is neutral, the driving load of the cutting unit 8 acts as a brake, and the state in which the constant rotation at the lowest speed is output from the feed chain transmission mechanism 93 is maintained. Connect 5 constant rotation drives.

  Further, a sorting input shaft 71 that transmits driving force to the sorting mechanism 60 of the threshing unit 4, a vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 that drives the cutting unit 8 in synchronization with the vehicle speed, and a feed chain input shaft 50 that transmits driving force to the feed chain 5. The feed chain transmission mechanism 93 for changing the rotation of the selection input shaft 71 by changing the rotational speed of the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 is provided, the feed chain 5 speed is ensured even at low speed work, and the threshing culm layer is at high speed work. The feed chain speed change mechanism 93 is formed by the planetary gear mechanism 97 including the sun gear 94, the planetary gear 95, and the ring gear 96, and the sun gear 94 is driven via the selection input shaft 71. The ring gear 96 is rotated through the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 and the feed chain is connected through the planetary gear 95. The feed chain 5 driving force is transmitted to the force shaft 50, the sun gear 94 is disposed on the lower side of the threshing clutch 63, and the feed chain 5 is driven only when the handling cylinder 6 is driven. The fifth speed is shifted in synchronism with the vehicle speed to prevent clogging of the conveying basket at low speed work and prevention of threshing overload at high speed work.

  Further, a cutting input shaft 83 to be connected to the constant rotation shaft 71 and the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 as a selection input shaft is provided on the lower front side of the counter case 32, and the constant rotation shaft 71 is provided on the lower rear side of the counter case 32, The input shaft 50 is provided on the upper side of the counter case 32, and the driving of the cutting unit 8 and the threshing unit 4 is integrated into the counter case 32 to simplify the maintenance work and reduce the manufacturing cost. The transmission chain 8 or the selection mechanism 60 or the feed chain 5 is configured to drive the feed chain 5 at a speed synchronized with the vehicle speed while ensuring a certain minimum speed, and is conveyed to the cutting part 8. When the driving speed of the reaping unit 8 is slowed in the presence of the cereal, the operation of driving the reaping unit 8 at the pouring speed is automatically performed. Compared to operating pouring reaper 8 only manual operation by write pedal 125, eliminating the problem of timing or forgets the operation pouring deviates prevents culms that clogged.

  Further, in a combine provided with a transmission mechanism 107 for transmitting power of the engine 21 in the transmission case 23, a vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 that drives the cutting unit 8 in synchronization with the vehicle speed via the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107, and a driving force of the engine 21. A constant rotation shaft 71 that directly transmits the rotation speed is provided, and either the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 or the constant rotation shaft 71 is selected to drive the cutting unit 8. Then, when the cutting operation reaches the maximum speed, the rotation is switched from the vehicle speed synchronization rotation to the constant rotation, and when the harvesting portion 8 is driven to rotate at a constant rotation with the volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 being 100%, Therefore, the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 does not work to drive the cutting unit 8, and the cutting unit 8 is driven by an efficient mechanical drive system. The engine 21 power can be utilized for driving the threshing portion 4 by the amount of loss, so that the efficiency of harvesting work and the fuel efficiency of the engine 21 can be improved.

  Further, a constant rotation shaft 71 for branching the driving force of the barrel 6 and a vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 are provided in the counter case 32 so as to be close to each other in parallel, and the pouring driving force for pouring the mowing unit 8 is rotated at a constant speed. The shaft 71 can be input to the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 to transmit the pouring driving force, for example, the conventional belt transmission is not required, and the pouring driving structure of the reaping portion 8 is simplified and the size and cost are reduced. The casting driving force is turned on and off by the claw clutch 79 to prevent follow-up and reduce response delay, and the cutting unit 8 is driven to flow at 50 to 80% of the maximum rotational speed to prevent clogging and reduce work time loss. At the same time, a cutting speed change mechanism 73 for changing the driving speed of the cutting portion 8 is provided in the counter case 32 so that the cutting speed change can be switched in a state where the auxiliary speed change is maintained at the standard (low speed). For example, there is no trouble in controlling the sub-shift changing means by the variable hydraulic motor 106 configured to make the hydraulic motor of the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 variable so that the cutting transmission mechanism works. 73 is a switchable structure even during work, and even if some grain straws in the field are in a lying state, the speed adjustment speed of the cutting part is changed to an appropriate speed, and the neutrality of the cutting speed change mechanism 73 is also used as a cutting clutch. Thus, there is no need to provide a separate cutting clutch, and the cutting input belt 45 is always tensioned to improve durability.

  Further, a rotational force equal to or higher than the rotational speed of the vehicle speed synchronization input from the transmission case 23 can be input from the constant rotation shaft 71 to the vehicle speed synchronization input shaft 72. For example, the hydraulic motor 106 of the hydraulic speed change mechanism 107 is made variable so When the speed change means is formed, the rotation of the cutting unit 8 is switched from the vehicle speed synchronization to the constant rotation when the working speed is the highest, thereby reducing the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic speed change mechanism 107 by the difference in the rotational speed and improving the efficiency. For example, in the case where the mechanical sub-transmission means 113 is formed by a transmission gear having a stepped switching structure, the rotation of the cutting unit 8 is freely increased by switching to a constant rotation in the vicinity of the highest work speed, and the constant rotation is performed from the vehicle speed synchronization. And switching to turn on the pouring drive of the reaping part 8 and selectively performing either one of constant rotation or pouring drive. In the structure in which the sub-transmission means using the variable hydraulic motor 106 is provided, in which two inputs having different numbers are simultaneously transmitted to the cutting unit 8, and the shift of the cutting unit 8 is changed from low to high. Even if the rotational speed of 8 is increased, it is possible to switch from vehicle speed synchronization to constant rotation in the middle until this rotation becomes abnormally high, thereby improving durability and reducing drive noise.

  Furthermore, in the combine that provides the transmission case 107 in the transmission case 23 that transmits the power of the engine 21, the constant rotation shaft 71 is provided on the lower side of the threshing clutch 63 that transmits the engine 21 power to the threshing unit 4. A constant rotation mechanism 79 and a constant rotation clutch 78 that transmit power to the output side of the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 are provided. For example, by transmitting the output of the engine 21 to the output side of the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 through the constant rotation mechanism 79 at the highest work speed, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 is changed to a charge pressure to eliminate the hydraulic transmission loss, and the hydraulic transmission mechanism Even if the driving load is increased, for example, by reducing the power loss of the driving drive by 107, improving the fuel efficiency of the engine 21, and forming the oil cooler 29 of the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 with a small capacity, for example, changing the direction in the wet field. The operator performs a driving operation without feeling lack of running force, reduces output loss of the engine 21, collects power loss of the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107, and drives the running crawler at the highest speed with high efficiency, and driving force To improve the driving operability by enabling the fastest work with sufficient margin.

  Further, when the working vehicle speed transmitted through the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 is near the maximum speed, the constant rotation clutch 78 is turned on manually or automatically. The vehicle speed (about 5 percent) increases by the difference between the constant rotation output (generally 90 percent) and the remaining engine 21 because less power is required to increase the vehicle speed. The power is used for driving the working unit to secure the power necessary for the highest speed operation, and the driving force at the rotational speed that is substantially the same as the rotational speed at which the volumetric efficiency of the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 is approximately 100% is constant rotation mechanism 79. The engine 21 power is designed according to the maximum work speed, so there is enough power up to the vicinity of the maximum speed, but there is almost no power at the maximum speed. When in, the recovery of the power loss can be expected a similar effect when increasing the engine 21 horsepower, to easily secure the power required fastest work.

  Further, when the work vehicle speed drops from near the maximum work speed, the constant rotation clutch 78 is automatically disengaged, and the engine 21 power is designed in accordance with the maximum work speed, so that there is a surplus of power until near the maximum speed. For example, even if an operation is performed to reduce the maximum work vehicle speed with almost no margin for power, even if the operator does not recognize that the work vehicle speed has decreased from the maximum work speed, the decrease in the work vehicle speed can The high-speed working state is automatically canceled to improve the durability of the engine 21 and the fuel consumption.

  Further, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 20, the sub-shift lever 114 is operated at a low speed or a high speed. When the threshing clutch lever 118 is operated to engage the threshing clutch 63, the feed chain solenoid 136 is maintained off and the feed chain 5 is driven. When the cutting gear shift lever 122 is operated at a low speed or a high speed and the cutting clutch lever 120 is operated to engage the cutting clutch 69, the cutting unit 8 is driven in synchronization with the vehicle speed. Further, when the pruning operation is performed by stepping on the pouring pedal 125 during the mowing operation, the pouring solenoid 137 is turned on, the mowing unit 8 is driven at a constant speed via the pouring gear 80, and the grain sensor 132 is turned on. 14, when the cutting unit 8 is driven via the low-speed gear 74, when the traveling (moving speed) detected by the vehicle speed sensors 130 and 131 becomes below a certain value, or when the main transmission lever 112 is operated. When the engine is stopped or reversely moved, the pouring solenoid 137 is automatically turned on, and all the cereals remaining in the reaping part 8 are conveyed to the threshing part 4, and the reaping part 8 has no cereals. When the cutting unit 8 is not traveling forward and the cutting unit 8 is stopped, the feed chain solenoid 136 is turned on to automatically stop the feed chain 5.

  Further, when the cutting gear shift lever 122 is operated neutrally while traveling forward, the high-speed cut solenoid 138 is turned on, and the cutting unit 8 is driven via the high-speed cut gear 81, and as shown in FIG. When the cutting gear shift lever 122 is other than neutral, the cutting unit 8 and the feed chain 5 are driven at a speed synchronized with the vehicle speed. Further, in the state shown in FIG. 14, when the auxiliary speed change lever 114 is at the low speed side and the cutting speed change lever 122 is at the low speed side, the direct drive switch 129 is manually turned on, or the vehicle speed is close to the maximum working speed. At this time, the cutting unit 8 is driven via the high speed cut gear 81, and the direct drive solenoid 139 is turned on to transmit the power from the high speed cut gear 81 to the output side of the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 and travel through the high speed cut gear 81. The crawler 2 is driven at high speed. Further, when the direct drive switch 129 is turned off, or when the vehicle speed decreases from the highest work speed, the direct drive solenoid 139 is turned off, and the direct drive clutch 78 is turned off manually or automatically, and cutting is performed from the high speed cut gear 81. Power is transmitted only to the part 8 side.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 21, when the cutting unit 8 is driven via the high speed gear 75, the cutting input sensor 133 detects the rotational speed of the cutting unit 8, and the cutting unit 8 moves up to the rotation of the high speed cut gear 81. Then, the driving by the high speed gear 75 is stopped and the driving by the high speed cut gear 81 is automatically performed. Further, the high-speed constant rotation corresponding to the rotation difference A between the high-speed constant rotation of the high-speed cut gear 81 and the standard cutting of the low-speed gear 74 reduces the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 and improves the efficiency. For example, when the difference A is set to zero, the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 theoretically does not work to drive the cutting unit 8, so that the cutting unit 8 is mechanically driven only by the gears 80 and 81. The engine 21 output can be used with the driving loss of the hydraulic transmission mechanism 107 as the power of the threshing unit 4.

  As is apparent from the above-described embodiments, the present invention is such that in the combine provided with the counter case 32 for transmitting the driving force of the engine 21 to the handle cylinder 6, the handle cylinder input shaft 62 provided in the counter case 32 is extended in the longitudinal direction of the machine body. Then, the cylinder input shaft 62 is penetrated in the front-rear direction of the counter case 32, the engine 21 is connected to the belt 38 at one end side of the cylinder input shaft 62, and the cylinder 6 is connected to the belt at the other end side of the cylinder input shaft 62. 48, the counter case 32 can be used only as a bearing for the handling cylinder input shaft 62, and it is not necessary to provide an inefficient bevel gear for the handling cylinder 6 drive system that requires a large horsepower, and the driving efficiency of the handling cylinder 6 is improved. Alternatively, it is possible to easily prevent an increase in the internal oil temperature of the counter case 32, and to change the position of the handling cylinder 6 in the front-rear direction by changing the length of the handling cylinder input shaft 62. The other is one that can thresher etc. longitudinal length change of 6 easily can accommodate, promote counter case 32 and facilitates shared to reduce the production cost to various models.

  Further, a counter shaft 71 connected to the barrel input shaft 62 is provided on the counter case 32 to extract power from the side of the machine body. By extending the counter shaft 71 to the left side of the machine body, the sorting mechanism 60 of the threshing unit 4 is provided. In addition, the power of the feed chain 5 and the cutting unit 8 can be output from the left side of the counter shaft 71, and the sorting mechanism 60 can be driven or stopped simultaneously with the handling cylinder 6 by turning on and off the threshing clutch 63, thereby improving efficiency and increasing durability. The handling cylinder input shaft 62 can be connected to the counter shaft 71 of low power by a possible small bevel gear 70, and the power source of the feed chain 5 or the cutting unit 8 can be easily attached to the left side of the machine body.

  Further, a vehicle speed synchronization shaft 72 that drives the cutting unit 8 at a vehicle speed synchronization speed is provided in the counter case 32, and the vehicle speed synchronization shaft 72 is provided substantially parallel to the counter shaft 71, and a constant rotational output from the counter shaft 71, The feed chain 5 can be driven by the fluctuation output from the vehicle speed tuning shaft 72, and the feed chain 5 drive system that drives the feed chain 5 in synchronization with the vehicle speed while maintaining constant rotation can be simplified, downsized and reduced in cost. The vehicle speed tuning shaft 72 is provided on the front side of the counter shaft 71, and the drive system of the cutting unit 8 and the drive system of the sorting mechanism 60 can be arranged in an efficient layout.

  Further, a feed chain input shaft 50 that transmits driving force to the feed chain 5 and a feed chain transmission mechanism 93 that changes the driving speed of the feed chain 5 in synchronization with the vehicle speed are provided in the counter case 32, and the low speed side is made constant. The feed chain 5 that maintains the minimum speed rotation is configured to increase the rotation by the vehicle speed synchronization input, and is configured to transmit power to the feed chain 5 that is lower than the drive system of the harvesting unit 8. The rotation of the feed chain 5 and the rotation of the feed chain 5 can be maintained relatively constant, the good transfer inheritance performance of the harvested cereal can easily be secured, and the cutting unit drive system on the lower side than the position where the power is branched to the feed chain 5 The belt 45 is always tensioned, has a constant drive structure without a power cutting member such as a clutch, and the cutting part 8 can be physically rotated in the reverse direction. With the structure, the driving load of the cutting unit 8 acts as a brake and the state where the minimum speed constant rotation is output from the feed chain transmission mechanism 93 is maintained under the state where the driving input to the cutting unit 8 is neutral. Thus, a constant rotation drive of the feed chain 5 can be connected.

105 hydraulic pump 106 hydraulic motor 107 continuously variable hydraulic transmission mechanism 112 main transmission lever (main transmission operation tool)
114 Sub-shift lever (sub-shift operating tool)
127 Sub-transmission sensor 128 Work controller

Claims (1)

A continuously variable hydraulic speed change mechanism (107) including a hydraulic pump (105) and a hydraulic motor (106) is provided, and the hydraulic pump (105) is configured in a variable displacement type that is variable steplessly in a forward rotation state and a reverse rotation state. In the combine
Variable capacity type capable of changing the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor (106) to a high speed such as a road traveling speed, a medium speed such as a standard cutting speed, or a low speed such as a falling cutting speed for cutting the fallen culm the configure hydraulic motor (106) to,
A main transmission operating tool (112) for changing the rotational speed of the hydraulic pump (105), an auxiliary transmission operating tool (114) for changing the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor (106), and the auxiliary transmission operating tool ( 114) a work controller (128) for connecting a sub-transmission sensor (127) for detecting the switching of
The driving force on the output side of the hydraulic motor (106) is transmitted to the output shaft (117) protruding from the transmission case (23), and the driving force of the output shaft (117) is the cutting drive shaft of the cutting unit (8). Configured to transmit to (85),
Combine.

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