CN110771921A

CN110771921A - Pod threshing machine

Info

Publication number: CN110771921A
Application number: CN201910826745.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 夏先飞; 陈巧敏; 肖宏儒; 宋志禹; 杨光; 丁文芹; 梅松; 金月; 赵映; 韩余; 占才学; 蒋青海; 张健飞
Original assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Current assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Priority date: 2019-09-03
Filing date: 2019-09-03
Publication date: 2020-02-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a pod threshing machine which comprises a bracket, a shell, a pod removing roller assembly, a pod removing mechanism and a sorting mechanism, wherein the bracket is fixedly connected with the shell; the shell is arranged on the bracket, and the pod-removing mechanism is positioned below the pod-removing roller assembly; the pod-removing mechanism comprises two arc-shaped frames, a plurality of grid rods, a first gear, an arc-shaped rack, a second gear and a knob, the cross sections of the grid rods are oval, and two ends of the grid rods are respectively inserted into the arc-shaped frames; a first gear is arranged on a circular shaft at the first end of the grid rod and meshed with the arc-shaped rack; the second gear is located inside the arc-shaped frame, meshed with the arc-shaped rack and fixedly connected with the knob. The pod threshing machine provided by the invention adopts the rods with oval cross sections as the grid rods, and is provided with the gears and the racks to realize synchronous rotation of all the grid rods, so that the pod threshing machine can freely adjust gap parameters by a user to adapt to pods with different sizes, and the practicability and the threshing rate of the pod threshing machine are obviously improved.

Description

Pod threshing machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a pod threshing machine.

Background

At present, small-sized pod threshing machines have the characteristics of small volume and low price, and are generally used for threshing small batches of pods by bean planting farmers and scientific research units. Most of the small-sized pod shellers in the prior art are similar to the structure disclosed in the chinese patent "bean sheller" with the publication number CN208676305U, and the basic principle is to place the pods between the shelling roller assembly and the shelling mechanism for repeated kneading, so that the beans are separated from the bean shells, and the beans and the bean shells leak out from the gaps of the shelling mechanism. In practical applications, such small pod threshing machines generally have the defect of insufficient sales, and the fundamental reason is that a row of uniformly distributed grid rods are arranged in the husking mechanism, the gaps among the grid rods are fixed and invariable, the fixed-size gaps only have good threshing rate for pods with specific sizes, and the threshing rate of the threshing machine is obviously reduced once the variety of beans planted by a user is changed and the sizes of the pods are changed. As a common planting farmer, different threshing machines cannot be configured for beans of different varieties, which results in that a small-sized pod threshing machine cannot be welcomed by small-scale operation farmers and cannot be purchased by large-sized bean processing factories.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a pod threshing machine, which can adjust the gap between grid rods to be suitable for threshing pods of different sizes and improve the application range of the pod threshing machine.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a pod threshing machine comprises a bracket, a shell, a pod removing roller assembly, a pod removing mechanism and a sorting mechanism;

the shell is arranged on the bracket, and an accommodating cavity is arranged in the shell;

the pod-removing roller assembly and the pod-removing mechanism are both arranged in the accommodating cavity, the pod-removing mechanism is positioned below the pod-removing roller assembly, and a gap for kneading bean pods is formed between the pod-removing mechanism and the pod-removing roller assembly;

the pod-removing mechanism comprises two arc-shaped frames, a plurality of grid rods, a first gear, an arc-shaped rack, a second gear and a knob, the cross sections of the grid rods are oval, round shafts are arranged at two ends of the grid rods, two ends of the grid rods are respectively inserted into the arc-shaped frames, the arc-shaped frames are hollow, and all the grid rods are parallel to each other and are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the arc-shaped frames; a first gear is arranged on a circular shaft at the first end of the grid rod, the arc-shaped rack is positioned inside the arc-shaped frame, and the first gear is meshed with the arc-shaped rack; the second gear is positioned inside the arc-shaped frame and meshed with the arc-shaped rack, the second gear is fixedly connected with the knob, and the knob is positioned outside the arc-shaped frame;

the sorting mechanism is arranged below the shell.

The knob can drive the second gear to rotate, the second gear drives the arc-shaped rack to rotate for a certain angle, and the arc-shaped rack drives all the first gears to synchronously rotate, so that all the grid rods rotate for a certain angle; because the cross section of the grid rods is oval, the gap between the adjacent grid rods is changed after rotation so as to adapt to bean pods with different sizes.

Furthermore, two bearings are sleeved on the circular shaft at the first end of the grid rod and are respectively positioned at two sides of the first gear; at least one bearing is sleeved on the round shaft at the second end of the grid rod; the bearing is used for reducing the friction between the grid rod and the arc-shaped frame; for the pod threshing machine, only one of the two arc-shaped frames needs to be provided with the arc-shaped rack inside.

Furthermore, O-shaped rings are sleeved on the round shafts of the first end and the second end of the grid rod and are tightly attached to the opening of the arc-shaped frame, and the O-shaped rings are used for sealing the arc-shaped frame and protecting a first gear, an arc-shaped rack, a second gear and a bearing inside the arc-shaped frame.

Specifically, the knob and the second gear are connected through a short shaft, the second gear is fixed on the short shaft through a flat key, and a gasket, a backing ring and a clamp spring are arranged at the tail end of the short shaft.

Furthermore, a locking screw is arranged on the knob and used for locking the knob, so that the rack and all the grid rods are locked, and the grid rods are prevented from rotating in the working process.

Specifically, the sorting mechanism comprises a bean particle channel, a bean shell channel and a fan, the bean particle channel is crossed with the bean shell channel, the bean particle channel is vertically arranged, and the top of the bean particle channel is communicated with the bottom of the shell; one end of the bean hull channel is provided with a fan, and the other end is a bean hull discharge port; the broken bean shells of the bean grains fall from the bean grain channel, the bean shells are blown into the bean shell channel by the airflow generated by the fan in the midway and then are discharged from the bean shell discharge port, and the separation of the bean grains and the bean shells is realized.

Furthermore, the bean hull channel is obliquely arranged, and the fan is arranged at the lower end of the bean hull channel; the inclined bean husk passage helps the beans blown into the bean husk passage by the air flow roll back to the bean passage.

Specifically, the pod-removing roller assembly comprises a driver, a central roller and spike teeth, wherein the driver drives the central roller to rotate, and the spike teeth are arranged on the surface of the central roller; in general, the driver adopts a motor, and a belt pulley and a belt are adopted between the motor and the central roller for transmission.

Has the advantages that: the pod threshing machine adopts rods with oval sections as the grid rods, and is provided with the gears and the racks to realize the synchronous rotation of all the grid rods, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the gaps among the grid rods; the pod threshing machine can be adapted to pods of different sizes by freely adjusting the gap parameters by a user, and the practicability and the threshing rate of the pod threshing machine are obviously improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural view of a pod thresher according to embodiment 1.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the pod removing mechanism in example 1.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the pod shedding mechanism.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view a of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view B of fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view C of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 7.

Figure 9 is a state view of the pod removing mechanism after gap adjustment.

Wherein: 1. a support; 2. a housing; 201. a hopper; 3. a pod-removal roller assembly; 301. a center roller; 302. nailing teeth; 4. a pod-removing mechanism; 401. an arc-shaped frame; 402. a gate rod; 4021. a circular shaft; 4022. a first end; 4023. a second end; 403. a first gear; 404. an arc-shaped rack; 405. a second gear; 406. a knob; 407. a bearing; 408. an O-shaped ring; 409. a minor axis; 410. a gasket; 411. a backing ring; 412. a clamp spring; 413. locking the screw; 5. a sorting mechanism; 501. a bean particle channel; 502. a bean hull channel; 503. a fan.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the pod threshing machine of the embodiment comprises a bracket 1, a shell 2, a pod-removing roller assembly 3, a pod-removing mechanism 4 and a sorting mechanism 5;

the shell 2 is arranged on the bracket 1, and a cylindrical accommodating cavity is arranged in the shell 2;

both the pod-removing roller assembly 3 and the pod-removing mechanism 4 are arranged in the accommodating cavity, the pod-removing mechanism 4 is positioned below the pod-removing roller assembly 3, and a gap for kneading pods is formed between the pod-removing mechanism 4 and the pod-removing roller assembly 3;

the pod-removing roller assembly 3 comprises a motor, a belt pulley, a central roller 301 and spike teeth 302, wherein the motor drives the central roller 301 to rotate through the belt pulley, and the spike teeth 302 are arranged on the surface of the central roller 301;

as shown in fig. 2 to 8, the pod-removing mechanism 4 includes two arc-shaped frames 401, a plurality of grid rods 402, a first gear 403, an arc-shaped rack 404, a second gear 405 and a knob 406, the cross section of each grid rod 402 is oval, two ends of each grid rod 402 are provided with a circular shaft 4021, two ends of each grid rod 402 are respectively inserted into the arc-shaped frames 401, the arc-shaped frames 401 are hollow, and all the grid rods 402 are parallel to each other and uniformly distributed along the length direction of the arc-shaped frames 401; a first gear 403 is mounted on the circular shaft 4021 of the first end 4022 of the grid rod 402, the arc-shaped rack 404 is positioned inside the arc-shaped frame 401, and the first gear 403 is meshed with the arc-shaped rack 404; two bearings 407 and an O-ring 408 are sleeved on the circular shaft 4021 of the first end 4022 of the grid rod 402, the two bearings 407 are respectively positioned at two sides of the first gear 403, and the O-ring 408 is tightly attached to the opening of the arc-shaped frame 401; two bearings 407 and an O-ring 408 are correspondingly sleeved on the circular shaft 4021 of the second end 4023 of the grid rod 402, but no gear is arranged on the circular shaft 4021 of the second end 4023;

as shown in fig. 6 to 8, a second gear 405 is located inside the arc-shaped frame 401, the second gear 405 is engaged with the arc-shaped rack 404, a knob 406 is located outside the arc-shaped frame 401, the knob 406 and the second gear 405 are connected through a short shaft 409, the second gear 405 is fixed on the short shaft 409 through a flat key, and a gasket 410, a backing ring 411 and a snap spring 412 are arranged at the tail end of the short shaft 409; a locking screw 413 is arranged on the knob 406, and the locking screw 413 is used for locking the knob 406;

the sorting mechanism 5 comprises a bean particle channel 501, a bean shell channel 502 and a fan 503, the bean particle channel 501 is crossed with the bean shell channel 502, the bean particle channel 501 is vertically arranged, and the top of the bean particle channel 501 is communicated with the bottom of the shell 2; the bean husk channel 502 is obliquely arranged, the fan 503 is arranged at the lower end of the bean husk channel 502, and the other end is a bean husk discharging port.

The basic working flow of the pod threshing machine in the embodiment is as follows: the user puts the picked pods into the hopper 201 of the housing 2, the pods are repeatedly kneaded between the spike teeth 302 and the grid rods 402 shown in fig. 1 to separate the bean grains from the bean shells, the bean grains and the broken bean shells leak downward from the gaps of the grid rods 402 to the bean grain channel 501, the bean shells are blown into the bean shell channel 502 by the air flow generated by the fan 503 in the middle and then discharged from the bean shell discharge port, and the bean grains and the bean shells are separated.

The pod threshing machine has the advantages that: a user can drive the second gear 405 shown in fig. 6 and 7 to rotate through the knob 406, the second gear 405 drives the arc-shaped rack 404 to rotate for a certain angle, and the arc-shaped rack 404 drives all the first gears 403 to synchronously rotate, so that all the grid rods 402 rotate for a certain angle; because the cross-section of the bars 402 is oval, the gap between adjacent bars 402 will change after rotation to accommodate pods of different sizes, wherein fig. 9 shows a state diagram after all the bars 402 have rotated.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in the specification, these embodiments are merely provided as a hint, and should not limit the scope of the present invention. Various omissions, substitutions, and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A pod threshing machine is characterized in that: comprises a bracket, a shell, a pod-removing roller component, a pod-removing mechanism and a sorting mechanism;

the sorting mechanism is arranged below the shell.

2. The pod thresher of claim 1, wherein: two bearings are sleeved on the circular shaft at the first end of the grid rod and are respectively positioned at two sides of the first gear; at least one bearing is sleeved on the round shaft at the second end of the grid rod.

3. The pod thresher of claim 2, wherein: o-shaped rings are sleeved on the circular shafts of the first end and the second end of the grid rod.

4. The pod thresher of claim 1, wherein: the knob and the second gear are connected through a short shaft, the second gear is fixed on the short shaft through a flat key, and a gasket, a backing ring and a clamp spring are arranged at the tail end of the short shaft.

5. A pod thresher according to claim 4, wherein: and the knob is provided with a locking screw.

6. The pod thresher of claim 1, wherein: the sorting mechanism comprises a bean particle channel, a bean shell channel and a fan, the bean particle channel is crossed with the bean shell channel, the bean particle channel is vertically arranged, and the top of the bean particle channel is communicated with the bottom of the shell; one end of the bean hull channel is provided with a fan, and the other end is a bean hull discharge port.

7. A pod thresher according to claim 6, wherein: the bean hull channel is obliquely arranged, and the fan is arranged at the lower end of the bean hull channel.

8. The pod thresher of claim 1, wherein: the pod-removing roller assembly comprises a driver, a central roller and spike teeth, wherein the driver drives the central roller to rotate, and the spike teeth are arranged on the surface of the central roller.