CN110771542A - Breeding method for improving fry hatchability - Google Patents
Breeding method for improving fry hatchability Download PDFInfo
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- CN110771542A CN110771542A CN201911234920.9A CN201911234920A CN110771542A CN 110771542 A CN110771542 A CN 110771542A CN 201911234920 A CN201911234920 A CN 201911234920A CN 110771542 A CN110771542 A CN 110771542A
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000251539 Vertebrata <Metazoa> Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229960005135 eicosapentaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N eicosapentaenoic acid Natural products CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020673 eicosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019157 thiamine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
- A01K61/85—Feeding devices for use with aquaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of fry hatching, in particular to a breeding method for improving fry hatching rate, which aims at solving the problems that the existing fry is greatly influenced by a hatching environment in the hatching process and is easy to die, so that the hatching rate is low, and the following scheme is proposed, and comprises the following steps: s1: collecting the information of fish eggs to be incubated and the information of incubation equipment, and formulating an incubation scheme in advance according to the collected information; s2: treating the water in the incubator according to a formulated incubation scheme, and controlling the temperature of the water; s3: the method comprises the steps of placing the fish eggs into an incubator to be incubated, and controlling the number of the fish eggs placed into the incubator according to a formulated incubation scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fry hatching, in particular to a breeding method for improving fry hatching rate.
Background
The fishes are temperature-variable aquatic vertebrates which are scalded, breathed by gills, swim through the swinging of tails and trunk parts and the coordination action of fins and feed by upper and lower jaws, belong to the subgenus of vertebrates in the phylum chordata, and generally people divide the vertebrates into five major classes of fishes (53%), birds (18%), reptiles (12%), mammals (9%) and amphibians (8%). According to the statistics of the deceased Canadian scholars 'Nelson' 1994, 24618 kinds of fishes of the current species in the world account for more than half of the named vertebrates, and new kinds of fishes are continuously discovered, about 150 kinds of fishes are counted each year on average, more than 1500 kinds of fishes are increased for more than ten years, about 32100 kinds of fishes are named in the world at present, and the efficacy of fish meat is as follows: autumn and winter are good opportunities for the weak to supplement, and fish is good aquatic food for supplementing, so that the fish is delicious in taste and extremely high in nutritional value. The protein content of the pork meat is twice of that of pork, and the pork meat belongs to high-quality protein, and the human body absorption rate is high. The fish is rich in thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, vitamin D and a certain amount of minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, iron and the like. Although the fish meat has low fat content, the fatty acid in the fish meat has the functions of reducing blood sugar, protecting heart and preventing cancer. The vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus in the fish can effectively prevent osteoporosis. The fish fat contains unsaturated fatty acid, and has effects of resisting atherosclerosis, and thus has beneficial effects in preventing and treating cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease, improving memory, protecting vision, and eliminating inflammation. However, the more fish are eaten, the better the fish is, because the fatty acid of the fish contains a large amount of eicosapentaenoic acid which can inhibit the aggregation of the blood platelets, the excessive eating for a long time can reduce the aggregation of the blood platelets to cause various spontaneous bleeding, such as cerebral hemorrhage, and the like, the hatching of fish fries is important in the process of culturing the fish, and the hatching rate directly influences the number of live fish.
In the prior art, fry are greatly influenced by the hatching environment in the hatching process and are easy to die, so that the hatching rate is low, and therefore a breeding method for improving the hatching rate of the fry is provided for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects that fry are greatly influenced by the hatching environment and easily die in the hatching process, so that the hatching rate is low in the prior art, and provides a breeding method for improving the hatching rate of the fry.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a culture method for improving fry hatchability comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting the information of fish eggs to be incubated and the information of incubation equipment, and formulating an incubation scheme in advance according to the collected information;
s2: treating the water in the incubator according to a formulated incubation scheme, and controlling the temperature of the water;
s3: putting the fish eggs into an incubator for incubation, and controlling the number of the fish eggs put into the incubator according to a formulated incubation scheme;
s4: monitoring the oxygen content in water during incubation, comparing the monitored data with the oxygen content in water in a preset scheme, and if the oxygen content is not in a preset range, increasing oxygen;
s5: monitoring the water quality of the hatching everyday, comparing the monitoring data with formulated data, and if the water quality data is not in a preset range, cleaning the water for hatching;
s6: feeding is carried out regularly and quantitatively according to a pre-established hatching scheme, so that the fry hatching rate is improved.
Preferably, in S1, the information on the type of the fish eggs, the temperature, water quality and water oxygen content required for incubation is collected, the size of the incubator is measured, and the number of the fish eggs put into the incubator is determined according to the size of the incubator.
Preferably, in S2, the water entering the incubator is filtered, sterilized and disinfected, and the temperature of the water is monitored by a temperature controller, which is connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to a heater and a refrigerator.
Preferably, the temperature controller monitors the water temperature in real time and transmits monitored data to the controller, the controller is a programmable controller and can preset the water temperature in advance, the data monitored by the temperature controller is compared with the preset data, and the controller controls the heater or the refrigerator to operate according to the comparison condition, so that the water temperature is ensured to be 15-25 ℃.
Preferably, in the S4, the fish eggs cannot be turned over randomly during the hatching process, especially after 2-3 days, otherwise not only the hatching rate is affected, but also the foreign breeding is easily increased.
Preferably, in S4, during the incubation process, the oxygen content in water is monitored by using an oxygen dissolving instrument, the monitored data is transmitted to the controller, and the data is compared with preset data in the controller, if the data is lower than the preset data, the controller controls the oxygen increasing pump to start up to increase oxygen, and the amount of dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 6-10 mg/L.
Preferably, in S5, when the incubator is full of dust on the water surface, the incubator can be rolled up slowly along the water surface with clean gauze, so as to prevent fish fry from being damaged, and remove the egg membrane in water, thereby preventing the water quality from being spoiled by the egg membrane and dust.
Preferably, in S6, the fish is fed by using a feeder, the feeder is controlled by a controller, and the feed amount is determined based on the fish egg data, and the feed amount is 2 to 3 times the feed amount of the fry.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the scheme, water is treated, and the temperature of the water is controlled, so that the water quality and the temperature are ensured to be suitable for fry incubation;
determining the number of the fish eggs put into the incubator according to the size of the incubator, and avoiding the fry from being stuffy due to overlarge density;
monitoring the oxygen content in water by an oxygen dissolving instrument, and ensuring sufficient oxygen content in water by matching with an oxygenation pump;
according to the invention, an incubation scheme is formulated according to the information of the fish eggs and the information of the incubation equipment, and the water quality, the water temperature, the oxygen content and the feeding amount in the incubation process are controlled according to the incubation scheme, so that the fry incubation rate can be effectively improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
Example one
A culture method for improving fry hatchability comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting the type of the fish eggs and the information of temperature, water quality and water oxygen content required by incubation, measuring the size of the incubator, determining the number of the fish eggs put into the incubator according to the size of the incubator, and formulating an incubation scheme in advance according to the collected information;
s2: the water in the incubator is treated according to a formulated incubation scheme, the temperature of the water is controlled, the water entering the incubator is filtered, sterilized and disinfected firstly, the water temperature is monitored through a temperature controller, the temperature controller is connected with a controller, the controller is connected with a heater and a refrigerator, the temperature controller monitors the water temperature in real time, monitored data are transmitted to the controller, the controller is a programmable controller, the water temperature can be preset in advance, the data monitored by the temperature controller are compared with the preset data, the controller controls the heater or the refrigerator to run according to the comparison condition, and therefore the water temperature is ensured to be 15 ℃;
s3: putting the fish eggs into an incubator for incubation, and controlling the number of the fish eggs put into the incubator according to a formulated incubation scheme;
s4: monitoring the oxygen content in water in the process of hatching, comparing the monitored data with the oxygen content in water in a preset scheme, if the oxygen content is not in a preset range, increasing oxygen, and if the oxygen content is not in the preset range, the fish eggs cannot be randomly turned in the process of hatching, particularly after 2 days, not only the hatching rate is influenced, but also the heterosexual seedling is easily increased, monitoring the oxygen content in water by using an oxygen dissolving instrument in the process of hatching, transmitting the monitored data to a controller, comparing the monitored data with preset data in the controller, and if the data is lower than the preset data, controlling the oxygen increasing pump to be started by the controller to increase oxygen, wherein the dissolved oxygen content is controlled to be 6 mg/L;
s5: monitoring the water quality of the hatching every day, comparing the monitoring data with formulated data, if the water quality data is not in a preset range, cleaning the water for hatching, and when the water surface of the incubator is full of dust, slowly pulling and rolling the water surface along clean gauze gently, so that the fry is not damaged, egg membranes in the water can be removed, and the water quality is prevented from being damaged by the egg membranes and the dust;
s6: feeding is carried out regularly and quantitatively according to a preset hatching scheme, so that the fry hatching rate is improved, feeding is carried out by using a feeder which is controlled by a controller, and the feeding amount is determined according to the data of the fish eggs and is 2 times of the fry amount.
Example two
A culture method for improving fry hatchability comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting the type of the fish eggs and the information of temperature, water quality and water oxygen content required by incubation, measuring the size of the incubator, determining the number of the fish eggs put into the incubator according to the size of the incubator, and formulating an incubation scheme in advance according to the collected information;
s2: the water in the incubator is treated according to a formulated incubation scheme, the temperature of the water is controlled, the water entering the incubator is filtered, sterilized and disinfected firstly, the water temperature is monitored through a temperature controller, the temperature controller is connected with a controller, the controller is connected with a heater and a refrigerator, the temperature controller monitors the water temperature in real time, monitored data are transmitted to the controller, the controller is a programmable controller, the water temperature can be preset in advance, the data monitored by the temperature controller are compared with the preset data, the controller controls the heater or the refrigerator to run according to the comparison condition, and therefore the water temperature is ensured to be 20 ℃;
s3: putting the fish eggs into an incubator for incubation, and controlling the number of the fish eggs put into the incubator according to a formulated incubation scheme;
s4: monitoring the oxygen content in water in the hatching process, comparing the monitored data with the oxygen content in water in a preset scheme, if the oxygen content is not in a preset range, increasing oxygen, and if the oxygen content is not in the preset range, the fish eggs cannot be randomly turned in the hatching process, particularly after 2.5 days, not only the hatching rate is influenced, but also the foreign-sex fry breeding is easily increased, monitoring the oxygen content in the water by using an oxygen dissolving instrument in the hatching process, transmitting the monitored data to a controller, comparing the monitored data with preset data in the controller, and if the data is lower than the preset data, controlling the oxygen increasing pump to start by the controller to increase oxygen, wherein the dissolved oxygen amount is controlled to be 8 mg/L;
s5: monitoring the water quality of the hatching every day, comparing the monitoring data with formulated data, if the water quality data is not in a preset range, cleaning the water for hatching, and when the water surface of the incubator is full of dust, slowly pulling and rolling the water surface along clean gauze gently, so that the fry is not damaged, egg membranes in the water can be removed, and the water quality is prevented from being damaged by the egg membranes and the dust;
s6: feeding is carried out regularly and quantitatively according to a preset hatching scheme, so that the fry hatching rate is improved, feeding is carried out by using a feeder which is controlled by a controller, and the feeding amount is determined according to the data of the fish eggs and is 2.5 times of the fry amount.
EXAMPLE III
A culture method for improving fry hatchability comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting the type of the fish eggs and the information of temperature, water quality and water oxygen content required by incubation, measuring the size of the incubator, determining the number of the fish eggs put into the incubator according to the size of the incubator, and formulating an incubation scheme in advance according to the collected information;
s2: the water in the incubator is treated according to a formulated incubation scheme, the temperature of the water is controlled, the water entering the incubator is filtered, sterilized and disinfected firstly, the water temperature is monitored through a temperature controller, the temperature controller is connected with a controller, the controller is connected with a heater and a refrigerator, the temperature controller monitors the water temperature in real time, monitored data are transmitted to the controller, the controller is a programmable controller, the water temperature can be preset in advance, the data monitored by the temperature controller are compared with the preset data, the controller controls the heater or the refrigerator to run according to the comparison condition, and therefore the water temperature is ensured to be 25 ℃;
s3: putting the fish eggs into an incubator for incubation, and controlling the number of the fish eggs put into the incubator according to a formulated incubation scheme;
s4: monitoring the oxygen content in water in the hatching process, comparing the monitored data with the oxygen content in water in a preset scheme, if the oxygen content is not in a preset range, increasing oxygen, and if the oxygen content is not in the preset range, the fish eggs cannot be randomly turned in the hatching process, particularly after 3 days, not only the hatching rate is influenced, but also the foreign body breeding is easily increased, monitoring the oxygen content in the water by using an oxygen dissolving instrument in the hatching process, transmitting the monitored data to a controller, comparing the monitored data with preset data in the controller, and if the data is lower than the preset data, controlling the oxygen increasing pump to start by the controller to increase oxygen, wherein the dissolved oxygen amount is controlled to be 10 mg/L;
s5: monitoring the water quality of the hatching every day, comparing the monitoring data with formulated data, if the water quality data is not in a preset range, cleaning the water for hatching, and when the water surface of the incubator is full of dust, slowly pulling and rolling the water surface along clean gauze gently, so that the fry is not damaged, egg membranes in the water can be removed, and the water quality is prevented from being damaged by the egg membranes and the dust;
s6: feeding is carried out regularly and quantitatively according to a preset hatching scheme, so that the fry hatching rate is improved, feeding is carried out by using a feeder which is controlled by a controller, and the feeding amount is determined according to the data of the fish eggs and is 3 times of the fry amount.
According to the breeding method for improving the fry hatchability provided by the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the hatching scheme is formulated according to the information of the fish eggs and the information of the hatching equipment, and the water quality, the water temperature, the oxygen content and the feeding amount in the hatching process are controlled according to the hatching scheme, so that the fry hatchability can be effectively improved, and the second embodiment is the best embodiment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A culture method for improving fry hatchability is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting the information of fish eggs to be incubated and the information of incubation equipment, and formulating an incubation scheme in advance according to the collected information;
s2: treating the water in the incubator according to a formulated incubation scheme, and controlling the temperature of the water;
s3: putting the fish eggs into an incubator for incubation, and controlling the number of the fish eggs put into the incubator according to a formulated incubation scheme;
s4: monitoring the oxygen content in water during incubation, comparing the monitored data with the oxygen content in water in a preset scheme, and if the oxygen content is not in a preset range, increasing oxygen;
s5: monitoring the water quality of the hatching everyday, comparing the monitoring data with formulated data, and if the water quality data is not in a preset range, cleaning the water for hatching;
s6: feeding is carried out regularly and quantitatively according to a pre-established hatching scheme, so that the fry hatching rate is improved.
2. The culture method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the types of eggs and the temperature, water quality and water oxygen content required for hatching are collected, and the size of the incubator is measured, and the number of eggs put into the incubator is determined according to the size of the incubator.
3. The culture method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the water entering the incubator is filtered, sterilized and disinfected, and the temperature of the water is monitored by a temperature controller, the temperature controller is connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to a heater and a refrigerator.
4. The culture method for improving fry hatchability according to claim 3, wherein the temperature controller monitors the water temperature in real time and transmits the monitored data to the controller, the controller is a programmable controller capable of presetting the water temperature in advance, the data monitored by the temperature controller is compared with the preset data, and the controller controls the operation of the heater or the refrigerator according to the comparison condition, so as to ensure that the water temperature is 15-25 ℃.
5. The cultivation method for improving fry hatchability according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the eggs cannot be turned over randomly during the hatching process, especially after 2-3 days, which not only affects the hatchability, but also increases the breeding of the opposite sex.
6. The culture method for improving fry hatchability according to claim 1, wherein in S4, during the hatching process, the oxygen content in water is monitored by using an oxygen dissolving instrument, the monitored data is transmitted to the controller, the data is compared with preset data in the controller, if the data is lower than the preset data, the controller controls the oxygen increasing pump to start up to increase oxygen, and the amount of dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 6-10 mg/L.
7. The culture method according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, when the incubator is full of dust on the water surface, clean gauze is gently pulled along the water surface to roll the incubator slowly, so as to prevent the fry from being damaged, and remove the egg membrane in the water to prevent the egg membrane and the dust from deteriorating the water quality.
8. The culture method according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the fish is fed by a feeder, the feeder is controlled by a controller, and the feed amount is determined based on the egg data, and the feed amount is 2 to 3 times the feed amount.
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