CN110756425B - Separation device and separation method for electrode plates of waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a separating device and a separating method for an electrode plate of a waste vehicle-mounted lithium power battery, which comprise a thermal separating mechanism, a stamping friction separating mechanism and a vibration screening mechanism which are sequentially arranged in a production line, wherein the electrode plate is separated from a current collector metal sheet after heating and extruding friction of the thermal separating mechanism, hammering and friction of the stamping friction separating mechanism and vibration screening of the vibration screening mechanism. According to the technical scheme, the separation of the coated electrode material and the current collector metal sheet is effectively realized through various modes of thermal separation, stamping friction separation and vibration screening, the recycling rate of the electrode material is improved, and the defects of complex components and high separation difficulty of a mixture after crushing are overcome; the method has the advantages that while the electrode material is obtained, the integrity of the original metal sheet is kept to the maximum extent, the recovery economy is improved, the subsequent chemical advanced treatment process is simplified, and the secondary pollution is reduced.

Description

Separation device and separation method for electrode plates of waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of recycling of waste batteries, in particular to a separation device and a separation method for electrode plates of waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries.

Background

With the rapid development of the new energy automobile industry, a large amount of waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries are scrapped, which inevitably causes huge waste of resources and serious environmental pollution. Therefore, the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power battery is recycled from the aspects of reducing the cost, protecting the environment, improving the resource utilization rate and the like, and the method has important significance for realizing the sustainable development of the new energy electric automobile industry in China.

At present, the recovery method of the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power battery comprises a physical method and a chemical method. The physical method recovery process takes manual or mechanical disassembly as pretreatment, the waste electrodes are crushed, then the mixture is subjected to different sorting methods to realize material separation and resource recovery, for example, the common crushing and screening method is to crush the waste electrodes together and then physically screen and separate the mixture. The chemical method can effectively recycle the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power battery and obtain high-value materials, but the process is complex, the cost is high, the technical difficulty is large, toxic and by-products of the reaction are difficult to control, and the environment is seriously polluted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a separating device for an electrode plate of a waste vehicle-mounted lithium power battery, which effectively realizes the separation of a coated electrode material and a current collector metal sheet through various modes of thermal separation, stamping friction separation and vibration screening, has the advantages of high recovery rate, low cost and the like, simplifies the subsequent chemical treatment process and reduces secondary pollution.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the device comprises a thermal separation mechanism, a stamping friction separation mechanism and a vibration screening mechanism which are sequentially arranged in an assembly line, wherein the thermal separation mechanism comprises a heating bin which is integrally square, two ends of the heating bin are open and are provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet for forming a conveying electrode plate, a plurality of pairs of heating rollers which are linearly arranged are arranged in an inner cavity of the heating bin, each pair of heating rollers comprises a first heating roller and a second heating roller which are arranged in a vertical direction and have opposite rotation directions, the first heating roller and the second heating roller rotate relatively to form conveying, extruding and friction for the electrode plate, the stamping friction separation mechanism comprises a stamping table for conveying the electrode plate and a stamping hammer arranged above the stamping table, a friction roller is arranged on the upper surface of the stamping table, a knife roller is arranged on the lower surface of the stamping hammer, and the stamping hammer applies reciprocating stamping force in the up-and-down direction to the electrode plate on the stamping table under the driving of a motor, and the knife roll and the friction roll respectively exert friction force on the upper surface and the lower surface of the electrode plate, the vibration screening mechanism comprises a vibration screen and a storage tray arranged below the vibration screen, and the electrode plate is subjected to heating and extrusion friction of the thermal separation mechanism, hammering and friction of the stamping friction separation mechanism and vibration screening of the vibration screening mechanism to form separation of electrode materials and current collector metal sheets.

Heating power separating mechanism still including setting up the tray in the heated warehouses below, the tray arrange and leave the clearance between the bottom of tray and heated warehouses along the length direction of heated warehouses, the tray on be equipped with the support column that is used for supporting the heated warehouses, the bottom and the tray fixed connection of support column, the locating hole that sets up on the top of support column and the heated warehouses bottom surface cooperatees the location.

The hot air heating device is characterized in that the hot air heating bin is of a square cavity structure formed by connecting a top plate, a bottom plate, a front side plate and a rear side plate, a plurality of square through holes are uniformly distributed on the bottom plate of the hot air heating bin in a row-column shape, the side length of each square through hole is 3mm, and heat preservation layers are arranged on the top plate, the front side plate and the rear side plate of the hot air heating bin.

The heating device comprises a heating bin, a first heating roller and a second heating roller, wherein the heating bin is arranged on the upper surface of a bottom plate of the heating bin, a guide groove is formed in the upper surface of the bottom plate of the heating bin along the advancing direction of an electrode plate, the guide groove is located in the middle of the first heating roller and the second heating roller, and the heating rollers are connected with a driving device to.

The heating temperature of the first heating roller in the heating bin is 250 ℃, the heating temperature of the last heating roller is 300 ℃, and the heating temperatures of a plurality of pairs of heating rollers positioned between the first heating roller and the last heating roller are sequentially increased in an arithmetic progression.

The upper surface of punching press platform is the first cambered surface of indent, the lower surface of punching press hammer is the second cambered surface of evagination, second cambered surface and first cambered surface coupling configuration, first cambered surface and second cambered surface on be equipped with the recess that is used for installing friction roller and rotor respectively, friction roller and rotor set up a plurality ofly, and the direction of setting up of friction roller and rotor is perpendicular to the advancing direction of electrode slice, a plurality of friction rollers and rotor form the arc working surface that contacts with electrode slice lower surface and upper surface respectively, punching press platform and punching press hammer inside be equipped with drive friction roller and rotor pivoted power spare respectively.

The surface of the knife roll is uniformly distributed with reticular textures, and two ends of the knife roll are provided with annular pressure sensors.

The stamping machine is characterized in that the motor is connected with the motor fixing seat, the stamping hammer is connected with the stamping hammer fixing seat, the stamping table is fixed on the base, the motor fixing seat, the stamping hammer fixing seat and the base are sequentially arranged in the vertical direction, guide pillars are respectively fixed at four corners of the base, the guide pillars upwards penetrate through the stamping hammer fixing seat and then are fixedly connected with the motor fixing seat, a lifting cylinder connected with the stamping hammer fixing seat and the base is arranged between the stamping hammer fixing seat and the base, and the lifting cylinder drives the stamping hammer fixing seat to drive the stamping hammer to move up and down along the direction limited by the guide pillars.

The vibrating screen comprises an upper vibrating screen and a lower vibrating screen which are arranged in parallel, and the storage tray is arranged below the second vibrating screen.

The invention also aims to provide a separation method of the separation device for the electrode plates of the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries, which comprises the following steps:

step 1: electrode slices obtained after disassembling the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries are conveyed into a heating bin through a pair of pliers or a mechanical arm;

step 2: the electrode plate moves linearly under the limit of the guide groove and sequentially passes through each pair of heating rollers, each pair of heating rollers respectively heat, extrude, rub and convey the electrode plate, and most electrode material particles fall off from the current collector metal sheet and fall into the tray through the square through holes;

and step 3: conveying the electrode plate separated in the step 2 to a stamping table from a discharge hole of a heating bin, applying reciprocating impact force in the vertical direction to the electrode plate by a stamping hammer under the driving of a motor, and applying tangential friction force to the upper surface and the lower surface of the electrode plate by a knife roll and a friction roll on the surfaces of the stamping hammer and the stamping table respectively to physically separate an electrode material from a current collector metal sheet;

and 4, step 4: and (4) conveying the electrode plate separated in the step (3) to a vibration screening mechanism, performing coarse screening and fine screening on the electrode plate through a primary vibration screen and a secondary vibration screen, separating and falling residual electrode material particles from a current collector metal sheet, and allowing the residual electrode material particles to fall into a storage tray, wherein the current collector metal sheet is left on a screen.

According to the technical scheme, the separation of the coated electrode material and the current collector metal sheet is effectively realized through various modes of thermal separation, stamping friction separation and vibration screening, the recycling rate of the electrode material is improved, and the defects of complex components and high separation difficulty of a mixture after crushing are overcome; the method has the advantages that while the electrode material is obtained, the integrity of the original metal sheet is kept to the maximum extent, the recovery economy is improved, the subsequent chemical advanced treatment process is simplified, and the secondary pollution is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall layout of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the thermal separation mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a stamped friction separating mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the punching table and the punching hammer of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the vibratory screening mechanism of the present invention.

The labels in the figures are: thermal separation mechanism 1, heating chamber 11, top plate 111, bottom plate 112, front side plate 113, rear side plate 114, heating roller 12, first heating roller 121, second heating roller 122, tray 13, support column 131, square through hole 14, guide groove 15, stamping friction separation mechanism 2, stamping table 21, stamping hammer 22, friction roller 23, knife roller 24, motor 25, motor fixing seat 26, stamping hammer fixing seat 27, base 28, guide column 281, lifting cylinder 29, vibrating screening mechanism 3, primary vibrating screen 31, secondary vibrating screen 32 and electrode sheet 4.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 1, the separation device for the electrode plate of the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power battery comprises a thermal separation mechanism 1, a stamping friction separation mechanism 2 and a vibration screening mechanism 3 which are sequentially arranged in a production line, wherein an electrode plate 4 is separated from a current collector metal sheet after being heated and extruded and rubbed by the thermal separation mechanism 1, hammered and rubbed by the stamping friction separation mechanism 2 and vibrated and screened by the vibration screening mechanism 3.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the thermal separation mechanism 1 includes that the whole is square heating chamber 11, and heating chamber 11 is the square cavity structure that is formed by connecting roof 111, bottom plate 112 and preceding curb plate 113, posterior lateral plate 114, and the open setting in both ends of heating chamber 11 is in order to form feed inlet and discharge gate of carrying electrode slice 4, is that the range form equipartition has a plurality of square through-hole 14 on the bottom plate 112 of heating chamber, and the length of side of square through-hole 14 is 3 mm. The thermal separation mechanism 1 further comprises a tray 13 arranged below the heating bin 11, the cross section of the tray 13 is U-shaped, the tray 13 is arranged along the length direction of the heating bin 11, a gap is reserved between the tray 13 and the bottom of the heating bin 11, specifically, a support column 131 used for supporting the heating bin 11 is arranged on the tray 13, the bottom of the support column 131 is fixedly connected with the tray 13, and the top of the support column 131 is matched and positioned with a positioning hole formed in the bottom surface of the heating bin 11.

Further, a plurality of pairs of heating rollers 12 which are linearly arranged are arranged in the inner cavity of the heating bin 11, and the heating rollers 12 are connected with a driving device to realize rotation; the structural forms of the driving device are various, and details are not described herein, and refer to the prior art specifically; the heating roller 12 includes a first heating roller 121 and a second heating roller 122 arranged in a vertical direction and turned in opposite directions, and relative rotation between the first heating roller 121 and the second heating roller 122 forms conveyance, pressing, and friction against the electrode sheet 4. Specifically, after entering the heating chamber 11, the electrode sheet 4 sequentially passes through each pair of heating rollers 12, the first heating roller 121 and the second heating roller 122 of each pair of heating rollers 12 respectively heat the electrode sheet 4, and at the same time, the relative rotational motion between the first heating roller 121 and the second heating roller 122 of each pair of heating rollers 12 not only forms the transportation of the electrode sheet 4, but also applies extrusion and friction forces to the electrode sheet 4, so that the adhesion effect of the electrode material and the joint surface of the current collector metal sheet can be uniformly weakened, and the electrode sheet 4 is heated, advanced, extruded and rubbed while in the heating chamber 11, so that most of the electrode material particles fall off from the current collector metal sheet and fall into the tray 13 through the square through holes 14.

Further, the heating temperature of the first heating roller in the heating chamber 11 is 250 ℃, the heating temperature of the last heating roller is 300 ℃, and the heating temperatures of a plurality of pairs of heating rollers positioned between the first heating roller and the last heating roller are sequentially increased in an arithmetic progression. That is, the heating temperature of the heating roller in the heating chamber 11 is in the range of 250 to 300 ℃, and the heating temperatures of the respective pairs of heating rollers 12 are sequentially raised and arranged in an arithmetic progression. The temperature of the heating roller 12 is arranged in an arithmetic progression, which can improve the utilization rate of heat, i.e. the electrolyte on the electrode sheet 4 can be evaporated at a relatively low temperature at the beginning, and the bonding action of the coating and the electrode sheet can be weakened at a relatively high temperature later.

Preferably, the top plate 111, the front plate 113 and the rear plate 114 of the heating chamber are all provided with heat insulating layers to keep the temperature of the heating chamber 11 constant. The upper surface of the bottom plate 112 of the heating chamber is provided with a guide groove 15 along the advancing direction of the electrode sheet 4, the guide groove 15 is positioned at the middle position of the first heating roller 121 and the second heating roller 122, and the guide groove 15 guides the electrode sheet 4 to ensure that the electrode sheet 4 always advances along the straight direction and sequentially passes through each pair of heating rollers 12.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the press friction separation mechanism 2 includes a press table 21 for conveying the electrode sheet 4 and a press hammer 22 disposed above the press table 21, a friction roller 23 is disposed on an upper surface of the press table 21, a knife roller 24 is disposed on a lower surface of the press hammer 22, the press hammer 22 applies a reciprocating press force in a vertical direction to the electrode sheet 4 on the press table 21 under the driving of a motor 25, and the knife roller 24 and the friction roller 23 apply friction forces to upper and lower surfaces of the electrode sheet 4, respectively.

Furthermore, the upper surface of the stamping platform 21 is a concave first arc surface, the lower surface of the stamping hammer 22 is a convex second arc surface, the second arc surface is coupled with the first arc surface, grooves for installing the friction roller 23 and the knife roller 24 are respectively arranged on the first arc surface and the second arc surface, the friction roller 23 and the knife roller 24 are arranged in a plurality of numbers, the arrangement directions of the friction roller 23 and the knife roller 24 are perpendicular to the advancing direction of the electrode plate 4, the friction rollers 23 and the knife roller 24 respectively form arc-shaped working surfaces which are contacted with the lower surface and the upper surface of the electrode plate 4, and power parts for driving the friction roller 23 and the knife roller 24 to rotate are respectively arranged inside the stamping platform 21 and the stamping hammer 22. Specifically, the electrode sheet 4 generates wrinkles under the action of the mechanical force of the reciprocating punching of the punching hammer 22, and the wrinkles can make the coating layer fall off from the electrode sheet more easily; meanwhile, under the action of the friction force in the tangential direction of the friction roller 23 and the knife roller 24, the electrode sheet 4 realizes the physical separation of the electrode material and the current collector metal sheet.

Furthermore, the surface of the knife roll 24 is uniformly distributed with reticular textures, and the reticular textures can play a good friction role and are convenient for driving the electrode plate 4 to move; that is, the knife roller 24 plays a role of driving the electrode sheet 4 to travel, in addition to providing a frictional force. The two ends of the knife roll 24 are provided with annular pressure sensors which are used for detecting the impact force value of the knife roll 24. Before the electrode plate 4 is separated in batch, the electrode plate 4 processed by the punching friction separation mechanism 2 can be observed in an amplifying way through a scanning electron microscope, and the impact speed of the punching hammer 22 on the electrode plate 4 is adjusted through the section of the electrode plate 4 sample and the separation state of the electrode material and the current collector metal sheet, so that a better separation effect is obtained.

Further, the motor 25 is connected with the motor fixing seat 26, the ram hammer 22 is connected with the ram hammer fixing seat 27, the stamping table 21 is fixed on the base 28, the motor fixing seat 26, the ram hammer fixing seat 27 and the base 28 are sequentially arranged in the vertical direction, guide posts 281 are respectively fixed at four corners of the base 28, the guide posts 281 upwards penetrate through the ram hammer fixing seat 27 and then are fixedly connected with the motor fixing seat 26, a lifting cylinder 29 connected with the ram hammer fixing seat 27 and the base 28 is arranged between the ram hammer fixing seat 27 and the base 28, and the lifting cylinder 29 drives the ram hammer fixing seat 27 to drive the ram hammer 22 to move up and down along the direction limited by the guide posts 281.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the vibrating and screening mechanism 3 includes a vibrating screen and a storage tray disposed below the vibrating screen, the vibrating screen includes a first-stage vibrating screen 31 and a second-stage vibrating screen 32 which are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction, and the storage tray is disposed below the second-stage vibrating screen 32. The electrode plate 4 is roughly screened and finely screened by the first-stage vibrating screen 31 and the second-stage vibrating screen 32, the residual electrode material particles are separated from the current collector metal sheet and fall into a storage tray, and the current collector metal sheet is left on the screens of the first-stage vibrating screen and the second-stage vibrating screen. In the present invention, the vibrating and screening mechanism 3 is a prior art, and the detailed structure thereof is not described herein.

The invention also aims to provide a separation method of the separation device for the electrode plates of the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries, which comprises the following steps:

step 1: electrode slices obtained after disassembling the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries are conveyed into a heating bin through a pair of pliers or a mechanical arm;

step 2: the electrode plate moves linearly under the limit of the guide groove and sequentially passes through each pair of heating rollers, each pair of heating rollers respectively heat, extrude, rub and convey the electrode plate, and most electrode material particles fall off from the current collector metal sheet and fall into the tray through the square through holes;

and step 3: conveying the electrode plate separated in the step 2 to a stamping table from a discharge hole of a heating bin, applying reciprocating impact force in the vertical direction to the electrode plate by a stamping hammer under the driving of a motor, and applying tangential friction force to the upper surface and the lower surface of the electrode plate by a knife roll and a friction roll on the surfaces of the stamping hammer and the stamping table respectively to physically separate an electrode material from a current collector metal sheet;

and 4, step 4: and (4) conveying the electrode plate separated in the step (3) to a vibration screening mechanism, performing coarse screening and fine screening on the electrode plate through a primary vibration screen and a secondary vibration screen, separating and falling residual electrode material particles from a current collector metal sheet, and allowing the residual electrode material particles to fall into a storage tray, wherein the current collector metal sheet is left on a screen.

The working process and the working principle of the invention are as follows:

before separation, the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power battery is disassembled, the disassembled positive electrode plate and negative electrode plate are separated and treated, and one or more electrode plates can be fed into a heating bin each time.

When the electrode plates are separated, the electrode plates are conveyed into the first pair of heating rollers in the heating bin through the feed inlet by using pliers or a manipulator, the bottoms of the electrode plates are positioned in the guide grooves, the electrode plates are heated, extruded, rubbed and conveyed by the relative rotation motion of each pair of heating rollers, the heated electrode plates are embrittled, the bonding action of electrode materials and current collector metal sheets is weakened, and most of electrode material particles fall off from the current collector metal sheets under the action of extrusion and friction force and fall into the tray through the square through holes; the electrode slice after the heating separation is conveyed to a punching table from a discharge hole of the heating bin, and a punching hammer applies reciprocating punching force in the vertical direction to the electrode slice under the action of a motor to enable the electrode slice to generate wrinkles, so that the coating is easy to fall off from the electrode slice; meanwhile, the friction roller and the knife roller apply shearing force and friction force in the tangential direction to the electrode plate, so that the electrode material is physically separated from the current collector metal sheet; and conveying the separated electrode plate to a vibration screening mechanism, and separating the residual electrode material particles from the current collector metal sheet through vibration screening of the primary vibration screen and the secondary vibration screen to fall into a storage tray, wherein the current collector metal sheet is left on the screen.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) according to the invention, a plurality of pairs of heating rollers in the heating bin realize uniform heating on the electrode slice in a step heating mode so as to improve the utilization rate of heat; 2) according to the invention, a plurality of pairs of heating rollers which are linearly arranged in the heating bin sequentially convey the electrode plate, and apply extrusion friction force to the electrode plate in the conveying process, so that the bonding effect of the joint surface is uniformly weakened, and most of electrode materials are effectively separated from the current collector metal sheet; 3) according to the invention, the cutter roller and the friction roller which are arranged in an arc shape and rotate freely exert the friction force in the arc tangential direction on the electrode plate under the action of the punching force, so that the bonding effect of the joint surface is uniformly weakened, and the electrode material can be effectively separated from the current collector metal sheet; 4) the invention comprehensively utilizes various modes of thermal separation, stamping friction separation and vibration screening separation, can effectively realize the separation of the coated electrode material from the current collector metal sheet, and improves the recovery utilization rate of the electrode material; the defects of complex components and high separation difficulty of the mixture after crushing are avoided; 5) the invention can obtain the electrode material, simultaneously maintain the integrity of the original metal sheet to the maximum extent, improve the recovery economy, simplify the subsequent chemical advanced treatment process and reduce the secondary pollution; 6) the invention effectively separates the electrode material from the current collector metal sheet by utilizing the combined action of various mechanical force forms and a thermal field, and realizes the recycling of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the waste vehicle-mounted power battery.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a separator that is used for on-vehicle lithium power battery electrode slice of old and useless which characterized in that: the device comprises a thermal separation mechanism (1), a stamping friction separation mechanism (2) and a vibration screening mechanism (3) which are sequentially arranged in an assembly line, wherein the thermal separation mechanism (1) comprises a heating bin (11) which is integrally square, two ends of the heating bin (11) are open to form a feed inlet and a discharge outlet of a conveying electrode plate (4), a plurality of pairs of heating rollers (12) which are linearly arranged are arranged in an inner cavity of the heating bin (11), each pair of heating rollers (12) comprises a first heating roller (121) and a second heating roller (122) which are arranged in a vertical direction and reverse in rotation direction, relative rotation between the first heating roller (121) and the second heating roller (122) forms conveying, extruding and friction of the electrode plate (4), and the stamping friction separation mechanism (2) comprises a stamping platform (21) used for conveying the electrode plate (4) and a stamping hammer (22) arranged above the stamping platform (21), the upper surface of punching press platform (21) is equipped with friction roller (23), the lower surface of punching press hammer (22) is equipped with rotor (24), punching press hammer (22) exert the reciprocal punching press power of direction from top to bottom to electrode slice (4) on punching press platform (21) under the drive of motor (25), and rotor (24) and friction roller (23) exert frictional force to the upper and lower two sides of electrode slice (4) respectively, vibration screening mechanism (3) including shale shaker and set up the storage tray in the shale shaker below, electrode slice (4) through the heating and extrusion friction of heating power separating mechanism (1), the hammering and the friction of punching press friction separating mechanism (2), form the separation of electrode material and mass collector sheetmetal behind the vibration screening of vibration screening mechanism (3).

2. The separation device for the electrode plates of the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: heating power separating mechanism (1) still including setting up tray (13) in heated warehouses (11) below, tray (13) arrange and leave the clearance between the bottom of tray (13) and heated warehouses (11) along the length direction of heated warehouses (11), tray (13) on be equipped with support column (131) that are used for supporting heated warehouses (11), the bottom and tray (13) fixed connection of support column (131), the locating hole that sets up on the top of support column (131) and heated warehouses (11) bottom surface cooperatees the location.

3. The separation device for the electrode plates of the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: heating chamber (11) be by roof (111), bottom plate (112) and preceding curb plate (113), the square cavity structure that posterior lateral plate (114) are connected and are formed, it has a plurality of square through hole (14) to be the ranks form equipartition on bottom plate (112) of heating chamber, the length of side of square through hole (14) is 3mm, all be equipped with the heat preservation on roof (111), preceding curb plate (113) and the posterior lateral plate (114) of heating chamber.

4. The separation device for the electrode plates of the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: a guide groove (15) is formed in the upper surface of a bottom plate (112) of the heating bin along the advancing direction of the electrode sheet (4), the guide groove (15) is located in the middle of the first heating roller (121) and the second heating roller (122), and the heating roller (12) is connected with a driving device to achieve rotation.

5. The separation device for the electrode plates of the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the heating temperature of the first heating roller in the heating bin (11) is 250 ℃, the heating temperature of the last heating roller is 300 ℃, and the heating temperatures of a plurality of pairs of heating rollers positioned between the first heating roller and the last heating roller are sequentially increased in an arithmetic progression.

6. The separation device for the electrode plates of the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the upper surface of the punching platform (21) is a concave first arc surface, the lower surface of the punching hammer (22) is a convex second arc surface, the second arc surface is coupled with the first arc surface, grooves for installing a friction roller (23) and a knife roller (24) are respectively formed in the first arc surface and the second arc surface, the friction roller (23) and the knife roller (24) are arranged in a plurality, the arrangement direction of the friction roller (23) and the knife roller (24) is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the electrode plate (4), the friction roller (23) and the knife roller (24) respectively form arc-shaped working surfaces which are contacted with the lower surface and the upper surface of the electrode plate (4), and power parts for driving the friction roller (23) and the knife roller (24) to rotate are respectively arranged in the punching platform (21) and the punching hammer (22).

7. The separation device for the electrode plates of the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the surface of the knife roll (24) is uniformly distributed with reticular textures, and two ends of the knife roll (24) are provided with annular pressure sensors.

8. The separation device for the electrode plates of the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the stamping device is characterized in that the motor (25) is connected with a motor fixing seat (26), the stamping hammer (22) is connected with a stamping hammer fixing seat (27), the stamping table (21) is fixed on a base (28), the motor fixing seat (26), the stamping hammer fixing seat (27) and the base (28) are sequentially arranged in the vertical direction, guide posts (281) are respectively fixed at four corners of the base (28), the guide posts (281) upwards penetrate through the stamping hammer fixing seat (27) and then are fixedly connected with the motor fixing seat (26), a lifting cylinder (29) for connecting the stamping hammer fixing seat (27) and the base (28) is arranged between the stamping hammer fixing seat (27) and the base, and the lifting cylinder (29) drives the stamping hammer fixing seat (27) to drive the stamping hammer (22) to move up and down along the direction limited by the guide posts (281).

9. The separation device for the electrode plates of the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the shale shaker include one-level shale shaker (31) and second grade shale shaker (32) of upper and lower direction parallel arrangement, storage tray set up the below at second grade shale shaker (32).

10. The separation method of the separation device for the electrode plates of the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps:

step 1: electrode slices obtained after disassembling the waste vehicle-mounted lithium power batteries are conveyed into a heating bin through a pair of pliers or a mechanical arm;

step 2: the electrode plate moves linearly under the limit of the guide groove and sequentially passes through each pair of heating rollers, each pair of heating rollers respectively heat, extrude, rub and convey the electrode plate, and most electrode material particles fall off from the current collector metal sheet and fall into the tray through the square through holes;

and step 3: conveying the electrode plate separated in the step 2 to a stamping table from a discharge hole of a heating bin, applying reciprocating impact force in the vertical direction to the electrode plate by a stamping hammer under the driving of a motor, and applying tangential friction force to the upper surface and the lower surface of the electrode plate by a knife roll and a friction roll on the surfaces of the stamping hammer and the stamping table respectively to physically separate an electrode material from a current collector metal sheet;

and 4, step 4: and (4) conveying the electrode plate separated in the step (3) to a vibration screening mechanism, performing coarse screening and fine screening on the electrode plate through a primary vibration screen and a secondary vibration screen, separating and falling residual electrode material particles from a current collector metal sheet, and allowing the residual electrode material particles to fall into a storage tray, wherein the current collector metal sheet is left on a screen.

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