CN110751723B - Same sub-basin river channel grid calculation order coding method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a river channel grid calculation order coding method for the same sub-basin, which comprises the following steps: and carrying out river channel grid and sub-basin division, sub-basin coding, confluence layer coding, in-layer sequence coding, inflow grid coding and river channel coding. The encoding method can realize the production convergence calculation of the grid-type hydrological model, the encoding rules assign different identification values to each sub-basin of the basin, the parallel calculation is convenient, the river course grids and the non-river course grids are distinguished in the encoding process, the hydraulic connection between the grids is only generated between adjacent layers, the problems in the calculation process can be conveniently searched according to the topological relation through the encoding rules in the calculation process, and the problem of calculation sequence encoding of the river course grids of the same sub-basin is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for applying for the Chinese patent, wherein the application is applied on 2018, 07 and 25 months, and the application numbers are as follows: 2018108299607, entitled "DEM-based grid type hydrological model grid calculation order coding method". The invention relates to a construction method of a hydrological model, in particular to a grid calculation order coding method for riverways of the same sub-basin.
Background
The hydrological phenomena in nature are intricate and complex, include not only different processes which are related to each other but also independent from each other, but also are influenced by a plurality of external conditions. In order to realize the simulation and research of complex hydrological processes in the real world, under the continuous exploration of the pioneer of hydrological disciplines, the concept of a hydrological model is generated. The appearance of the hydrological model opens a new door for research in the field of hydrology, and becomes the basis for researching and exploring all hydrologic-related processes or analyzing all hydrologic phenomena.
In general, hydrological models can be divided into two broad categories: distributed models and lumped models. The lumped hydrological model regards the watershed as a uniform whole, and does not consider the spatial inconsistency of each parameter and each hydrological process in the watershed simulation. The distributed model divides the hydrologic cycle process into a plurality of computing units on the space scale, parameters and variables of each computing unit are generally different, and hydrologic simulation modes of some different units are different.
The method for forming the flow process of the watershed outlet according to the runoff process of each computing unit in the distributed hydrological model can divide the hydrological model into a coupled type and a loose type. The coupled distributed hydrological model needs to consider the interaction among all the calculation units, solve through simultaneous differential equations and determine boundary conditions. And each calculation unit in the loose hydrological model is independent, hydrological processes in different calculation units can be calculated respectively in the calculation process, no interaction exists among the units, and the final watershed flow process can be obtained through a certain multiple ratio or a superposition principle after the calculation units are processed.
The lumped hydrological model ignores the nonuniformity of the spatial-temporal distribution of the hydrological elements because the change of the hydrological process in the flow domain is not considered. The coupling type distributed hydrological model requires a strict physical foundation, and parameters are distributed, so that the hydrological process description equation in the model can truly reflect the actual hydrological response process in a basin, and the model has spatial variability and higher requirements on computer operation and data. The hydrological model based on the grids is one of loose models, the size of the grids can be flexibly adjusted, discretization of underlying surface conditions in a basin is achieved, and the hydrological model is widely applied.
The DEM-based grid type hydrological model carries out runoff calculation on each grid respectively, then convergence calculation between the grids is carried out, and calculation sequences of different grids need to be distinguished strictly according to topological relation structures between convergence networks in the calculation process so as to meet the requirement of converging paths of water flowing to a drainage basin outlet. When the digital basin is extracted through DEM data to perform the confluence calculation, due to the nonlinear characteristic of basin confluence, the confluence processes among all grids in the basin have sequence, so that an important work before the confluence simulation is performed is to determine the confluence calculation sequence of all grids. The calculation sequence of each calculation unit is established on the basis of determining the water flow direction of each grid, and the topological relation among the grids is described through the water flow direction. In the production convergence simulation, in order to enable a computer to identify the topological relation among the grids represented by the water flow direction, the codes of all the grids need to be established, and the calculation sequence of all the grids is reflected through the rules of the codes, so that the computer can conveniently identify and calculate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs a grid type hydrological model grid calculation order coding method based on DEM, which solves the problems that a river course grid and a non-river course grid cannot be distinguished in a coding process, hydraulic connection between the grids only occurs between adjacent layers, and the problem that the calculation process cannot be searched according to a topological relation through a coding rule in a calculation process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a grid type hydrological model grid calculation order coding method based on DEM comprises the following steps: step 1, determining the size of a grid; step 2, obtaining the direction of the grid water flow; step 3, dividing the river channel grids and the sub-watersheds; and 4, coding each grid.
Further, step 4: generating a 5-digit array for each grid, wherein the 5-digit array is used for storing codes of the grids, and the codes are (ID1, ID2, ID3, ID4 and ID5) and have initial values of (0,0,0,0, 0); ID1 is the sub-stream field encoding; ID2 is the bus layer code; ID3 is an intra-layer sequence code; ID4 is the incoming trellis code; ID5 is the river code.
Further, the step 4 includes a step 41: and reading the sub-stream domain coding from the sub-stream domain partition obtained in the step 3, and assigning the sub-stream domain coding to the ID 1.
Further, the step 4 includes a step 42: looking for the exit mesh furthest downstream of each sub-basin, the mesh ID2 is assigned a value of 1.
Further, the step 4 includes a step 43: for each sub-basin, searching is carried out from the outlet grid of the most downstream sub-basin, grids with the same ID1 code and the same grid ID1 code in 8 grids around the outlet grid are searched in the clockwise direction, if the water flow direction of a certain grid flows into the grid, the ID2 of the grid is assigned with 2, the ID3 is assigned with 1 from 1, the data are increased one by one, and the ID4 is assigned with 1, so that the coding of all grids conforming to the conditions around the river outlet grid is completed.
Further, the step 4 includes a step 44: aiming at different sub-watersheds, all grids with the IDs 2 being B (B is larger than or equal to 2) are searched, coding is sequentially carried out according to the sequence of the IDs 3, if a certain grid is (A, B, C, D, E), a grid with the same ID1 code and the same ID1 code in 8 grids around the (A, B, C, D, E) grid is searched in the clockwise direction, if the water flow direction of the certain grid flows into the grid, the IDs 2 of the grid are assigned with B +1, the IDs 3 are assigned with values from 1 and are increased one by one, and the IDs 4 are assigned with D until all grids meeting the requirements are coded.
Further, the step 4 includes a step 45: channel grid information is imported, and the channel grid information is sequentially accumulated in an increasing order from the river source to the river mouth, and the ID5 is encoded.
Further, the step 1 determines the size of the grid of the established grid type hydrological model according to the range of the research area and the research requirement, and the size of each grid in the primary modeling process is kept consistent; or/and the grid size is 1km multiplied by 1km, 3km multiplied by 3km or 9km multiplied by 9 km.
Further, in the step 2, the water flow direction of each grid is obtained by a single flow direction method by means of a hydrological analysis tool.
Further, step 3 sets a catchment area threshold value by means of a hydrological analysis tool according to the flow direction information of each grid water obtained in step 2 to obtain river channel digital information of the research area, and performs sub-basin division on the research area by means of the hydrological analysis tool.
Further, the hydrological analysis tool in the step 2 and the step 3 is a hydrological analysis tool in ArcGIS 10.2.
The grid calculation order coding method of the grid type hydrological model based on the DEM has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the coding method of the invention assigns different identification values to each sub-basin of the basin, thereby facilitating parallel computation;
(2) the grid-based hydrological model of the invention often needs to distinguish river channel units and non-river channel units in the calculation process, and the coding method can effectively distinguish the river channel units and the non-river channel units, thereby facilitating the use of different convergence methods for different types of grids during convergence calculation.
(3) The convergence only occurs between adjacent layers, and if an abnormal value occurs in a certain grid in the calculation process, the reason can be searched according to the topological relation through the encoding rule.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a DEM-based grid type hydrological model grid calculation order coding method.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention after encoding is completed.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to fig. 1 and 2:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment is a method for encoding a grid calculation order of a grid-type hydrological model based on DEM, and the flow is shown in fig. 1. The method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 1: the grid size of the established grid type hydrological model is determined according to the range of the research area and the research requirement, for example, 1km multiplied by 1km, 3km multiplied by 3km or 9km multiplied by 9km, and the size of each grid in one modeling process is consistent.
Step 2: the water flow direction of each grid was obtained by the single flow method with the aid of the hydrological analysis tool in ArcGIS 10.2.
And step 3: and (3) setting a catchment area threshold value by means of a hydrological analysis tool in ArcGIS 10.2 according to the flow direction information of each grid obtained in the step (2) to obtain river channel digital information of the research area, and performing sub-basin division on the research area by means of the hydrological analysis tool in ArcGIS 10.2.
And 4, step 4: a5-bit array is generated for each trellis for storing the codes of the trellis in the form of (ID1, ID2, ID3, ID4, ID5) and with an initial value of (0,0,0,0,0, 0).
Step 41: and reading the sub-stream domain coding from the sub-stream domain partition obtained in the step 3, and assigning the sub-stream domain coding to the ID 1.
Step 42: the most downstream exit mesh of each sub-basin is sought, the sub-basin exit mesh information is read, and the mesh ID2 is assigned to 1.
Step 43: for each sub-basin, searching is carried out from the outlet grid of the most downstream sub-basin, grids with the same ID1 code and the same grid ID1 code in 8 grids around the outlet grid are searched in the clockwise direction, if the water flow direction of a certain grid flows into the grid, the ID2 of the grid is assigned with 2, the ID3 is assigned with 1 from 1, the data are increased one by one, and the ID4 is assigned with 1, so that the coding of all grids conforming to the conditions around the river outlet grid is completed.
Step 44: aiming at different sub-watersheds, all grids with the IDs 2 being B (B is larger than or equal to 2) are searched, coding is sequentially carried out according to the sequence of the IDs 3, if a certain grid is (A, B, C, D, E), a grid with the same ID1 code and the same ID1 code in 8 grids around the (A, B, C, D, E) grid is searched in the clockwise direction, if the water flow direction of the certain grid flows into the grid, the IDs 2 of the grid are assigned with B +1, the IDs 3 are assigned with values from 1 and are increased one by one, and the IDs 4 are assigned with D until all grids meeting the requirements are coded.
Step 45: channel grid information is imported, and the channel grid information is sequentially accumulated in an increasing order from the river source to the river mouth, and the ID5 is encoded.
As shown in fig. 2, as shown in the above figure, each trellis is encoded by a set of five-digit arrays, and the encoding structure is (ID1, ID2, ID3, ID4, ID5), where:
ID 1: encoding a sub-stream domain; different sub-basin have different coded values, mark the sub-basin position where different grids are located;
ID 2: encoding a confluence layer; the number of layers of the grid in a certain sub-flow domain, for example, the number of layers of the grid at the outlet of the sub-flow domain is 1, the number of layers of the grid flowing into the outlet grid is 2, and so on;
ID 3: intra-layer sequence coding; grid serial numbers in the same layer, in a certain sub-flow domain, along with the increase of the layer number, the number of grids in the same layer is increased, in order to distinguish the grids in the same layer, the grids are numbered, and the grids in the same layer are conveniently locked;
ID 4: inflow trellis coding; and flows to the number of the particular mesh in the downstream layer. Because hydraulic connection can only occur between adjacent layers, in order to locate the convergence target of a certain grid in a layer with a larger convergence layer value, the grid is searched to converge into a certain grid in a downstream layer through inflow grid coding;
ID 5: river channel coding; the non-channel grid code is 0, and the channel grid code gradually increases from the river source to the river mouth.
The encoding rule firstly determines all grids in the same sub-basin, and assigns a value to the grid ID1 uniformly, wherein the grids in FIG. 2 are all located in the sub-basin 1, so the encoding IDs 1 are all 1; the sub-domains are layered according to the flow direction of each grid and the flow direction network, the layer number is the coding number of ID2, the domain exit grid is the 1 st layer grid of the domain, so the ID2 is coded as 1, the grid of the flow domain exit is the 2 nd layer grid, the ID2 is coded as 2, the sub-domains in the figure have 5 layers in total, and the maximum coding value of the ID2 is 5; the ID3 code is an in-layer sequence code, taking the layer 3 as an example, the code is changed into 3 grids, and the code of the ID3 is 1,2 and 3 in sequence; the ID4 codes determine the grids into which the grid waterflow flows, and since only hydraulic connection between corresponding layers occurs under the coding rule and waterflow flows into the grid with a small layer number only from the grid with a large layer number, only the grid code of a certain grid inflow needs to be clear from the grid codes, and the information of the layer number is known actually. Taking the grid of layer 4 and layer-inner code 2 as an example, the grid will only flow into one grid in the 3 rd grid, and the convergence network can know that the grid flows into the grid with code (1,3,2,1,3), so the ID4 of the grid is coded by 2, namely the grid points to the grid with sequence 2 in the 3 rd grid, and the meaning of water flow direction is given; ID5 is a river channel code, and dark squares in the figure indicate river channel grids, and it can be seen that there are 5 river channel grids in the convergence network, and the ID5 codes of the river channel grids are 5,4,3,2, and 1 in sequence.
The invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the implementation of the invention is not limited in the above manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to adopt various modifications of the inventive method concept and solution, or to apply the inventive concept and solution directly to other applications without modification.
Claims (5)
1. A same sub-basin river channel grid calculation order coding method comprises the following steps: step 1, determining the size of a grid; step 2, obtaining the direction of the grid water flow; step 3, dividing the river channel grids and the sub-watersheds; step 4, coding each grid;
and 4, step 4: generating a 5-digit array for each grid, wherein the 5-digit array is used for storing codes of the grids, and the codes are (ID1, ID2, ID3, ID4 and ID5) and have initial values of (0,0,0,0, 0); ID1 is the sub-stream field encoding; ID2 is the bus layer code; ID3 is an intra-layer sequence code; ID4 is the incoming trellis code; ID5 is river code;
the step 4 includes a step 41: reading the sub-basin codes from the sub-basin partitions obtained in the step 3, and assigning the sub-basin codes to an ID 1;
the step 4 comprises a step 42: finding the most downstream exit grid of each sub-basin, assigning the exit grid ID2 to 1;
the step 4 includes a step 43: for each sub-basin, searching from an outlet grid of the most downstream sub-basin, searching grids with the same ID1 code and the same ID1 code in 8 grids around the outlet grid in the clockwise direction, if the water flow direction of a certain grid flows into the grid with the same ID1 code and the same outlet grid code, assigning 2 to the ID2 of the grid with the same ID1 and outlet grid code, assigning 1 to the ID3 from 1, increasing one by one, and assigning 1 to the ID4 to complete the coding of all grids conforming to the conditions around the outlet grid of the river channel;
the step 4 comprises a step 44: channel grid information is imported, and the channel grid information is sequentially accumulated in an increasing order from the river source to the river mouth, and the ID5 is encoded.
2. The same sub-basin riverway grid calculation order coding method according to claim 1, wherein: step 1, determining the grid size of the established grid type hydrological model according to the range of a research area and research needs, wherein the size of each grid in a primary modeling process is kept consistent; or/and the grid size is 1km multiplied by 1km, 3km multiplied by 3km or 9km multiplied by 9 km.
3. The same sub-basin riverway grid calculation order coding method according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step 2, the water flow direction of each grid is obtained by a single flow method by means of a hydrological analysis tool.
4. The same sub-basin riverway grid calculation order coding method according to claim 1, wherein: and 3, setting a catchment area threshold value by means of a hydrological analysis tool according to the flow direction information of each grid water obtained in the step 2 to obtain river channel digital information of the research area, and performing sub-basin division on the research area by means of the hydrological analysis tool.
5. The same sub-basin riverway grid calculation order coding method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: the hydrological analysis tool is the hydrological analysis tool in ArcGIS 10.2.
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| CN110717251B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-11-24 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Distributed hydrological model sub-basin partitioning method considering multiple elements |
| CN113128008B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-12-07 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Sub-basin dividing and coding method reflecting subsurface bedding surface type characteristics |
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| CN110796731A (en) | 2020-02-14 |
| CN110782526B (en) | 2021-04-13 |
| CN110796731B (en) | 2021-03-12 |
| CN110766792B (en) | 2021-03-12 |
| CN109285219A (en) | 2019-01-29 |
| CN110751723A (en) | 2020-02-04 |
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