CN110750126B - Multi-channel voltage source suitable for low-temperature environment - Google Patents
Multi-channel voltage source suitable for low-temperature environment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a multi-channel voltage source suitable for a low-temperature environment, which comprises a signal source unit arranged outside a low-temperature cavity and a signal modulation unit arranged inside the low-temperature cavity; the signal source unit is used for outputting a mixed analog signal, and the mixed analog signal comprises a plurality of sub analog signals with different frequencies; the signal modulation unit is connected with the signal source unit through a transmission line and is used for receiving the mixed analog signal, splitting the mixed analog signal and processing the split mixed analog signal into direct current signals corresponding to the sub analog signals. The voltage source provided by the application can be applied to a low-temperature environment, and can provide a multi-channel direct current signal with guaranteed precision to a certain degree for working elements in the low-temperature environment.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of power electronics, and particularly relates to a multi-channel voltage source suitable for a low-temperature environment.
Background
At present, a common voltage source has strong structural integrity, the installation mode is limited, high-precision and low-noise power signals cannot be provided in some extremely low temperature environments, and the output port is limited. In a specific application scenario, a voltage source provides voltage signals for a multi-bit quantum chip in a quantum computer, because the quantum chip works in a low-temperature cavity arranged at extremely low temperature, and when the number of bits of the quantum chip reaches thousands of bits or even tens of thousands of bits, the number of required voltage signals is increased along with the number of bits of the quantum chip, if a common voltage source is adopted to be configured in the low-temperature cavity, the working performance of part of components such as a control device in the voltage source is difficult to guarantee, and the precision and noise of output voltage signals cannot meet the requirements of the quantum chip; if a common voltage source is arranged outside the low-temperature cavity, a plurality of common voltage sources need to be provided, and each voltage signal needs to be transmitted to the inside of the low-temperature cavity through a plurality of transmission lines. At the moment, a plurality of transmission lines exist, so that the influence of crosstalk or thermal noise caused by the heat generation of the transmission lines on signals easily exists, and further the precision and the accuracy in the signal transmission process are influenced. Meanwhile, the complexity of signal control is high, the difficulty of signal control is increased, and the integrated design cannot be realized.
In summary, the prior art lacks a multi-channel voltage source suitable for low temperature environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a multi-channel voltage source suitable for a low-temperature environment so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
a multi-channel voltage source suitable for a low-temperature environment comprises a signal source unit arranged outside a low-temperature cavity and a signal modulation unit arranged inside the low-temperature cavity;
the signal source unit is used for outputting a mixed analog signal; the mixed analog signal comprises a plurality of sub analog signals with different frequencies;
the signal modulation unit is connected with the signal source unit through a transmission line and used for receiving the mixed analog signals, splitting the mixed analog signals and processing the split mixed analog signals into direct current signals corresponding to the sub-analog signals.
Further, the signal source unit includes a DAC module and a signal combining module;
the DAC module is used for generating a plurality of sub analog signals with different frequencies;
and the signal combining module is used for combining the sub-analog signals into the mixed analog signal.
Further, the DAC module may be provided as one or more; when the DAC module is set to be multiple, the number of the DAC modules is not larger than the number of the sub analog signals.
Further, the signal modulation unit comprises a power divider module, a filtering module and a rectification detection module;
the power divider module is connected with the signal source unit and is used for dividing the mixed analog signal into a plurality of same mixed analog sub-signals; wherein the number of mixed analog sub-signals is equal to the number of sub-analog signals;
the filtering module is connected with the power divider module and is used for respectively filtering each mixed analog sub-signal to obtain an analog sub-signal to be rectified, wherein the frequency of the analog sub-signal corresponds to the frequency of the sub-analog signal;
and the rectification detection module is connected with the filtering module and is used for rectifying each analog sub-signal to be rectified to obtain each direct current signal.
Further, the filtering module comprises a plurality of band-pass filters;
and each band-pass filter is respectively connected with different output ports of the power divider module, and the working frequency of each band-pass filter corresponds to the frequency of each sub-analog signal one to one.
Further, the band-pass filter is one or more of a lumped filter, a cavity filter and a dielectric filter.
Further, the lumped filter may include one or more of an RC filter and an LC filter;
wherein the RC filter and the LC filter are both passive devices.
Further, the rectification detection module comprises a rectification diode and a low-pass filter;
the rectifier diode is connected with the filtering module and used for processing the analog sub-signal to be rectified to obtain a forward analog sub-signal to be rectified;
the low-pass filter is connected with the rectifier diode and is used for filtering the forward to-be-rectified analog sub-signal to obtain the direct current signal.
Furthermore, the signal modulation unit further comprises an operational amplifier conversion module; the operational amplifier conversion module is connected with the output end of the rectification detection module and is used for respectively carrying out operational amplifier processing on the received direct current signals and outputting the signals after the operational amplifier processing.
Furthermore, the transmission line comprises a high-frequency coaxial cable, and two ends of the high-frequency coaxial cable are respectively connected with the signal source unit and the signal modulation unit.
Compared with the prior art, the signal source unit positioned outside the low-temperature cavity provides a mixed analog signal containing a plurality of sub-analog signals with different frequencies, the mixed analog signal is transmitted into the signal modulation unit arranged inside the low-temperature cavity through a transmission line, and the signal modulation unit is split to obtain a required direct current signal, namely a voltage source signal; in the whole process, the generation of the signal is divided into the generation of a mixed analog signal which is arranged outside the low-temperature cavity and contains a plurality of sub analog signals with different frequencies, and the division of the mixed analog signal in the low-temperature cavity is processed into a plurality of processes of generating required direct current signals. Compared with the direct adoption of a voltage source arranged in the low-temperature cavity or the direct adoption of a voltage source which is arranged at room temperature and is transmitted to the low-temperature cavity through a plurality of transmission lines, the whole concept does not directly generate a plurality of direct-current signals in the low-temperature cavity, and the precision and the reliability of the direct-current signals are ensured from a signal source head; and the multi-path direct current signals are not directly generated at room temperature and then transmitted respectively, so that the precision in the signal transmission process is ensured. The precision in the signal transmission process is mainly influenced by crosstalk between transmission lines, thermal noise caused by heat generation of the transmission lines and the like; therefore the voltage source that this application provided can provide the multichannel direct current signal that the precision certain degree can be protected for the working element in the low temperature intracavity, in other words, the voltage source that this application provided can be applied to low temperature environment, can provide the multichannel direct current signal that the precision certain degree can be protected for the working element in the low temperature environment.
Specifically, multiple signals are synthesized into a mixed analog signal, and a transmission line is arranged in a targeted manner to transmit the mixed analog signal, so that the number of the transmitted signals is reduced, and further, crosstalk among the signals is avoided, and the influence of thermal noise on the signals caused by the heating of the transmission line when a plurality of transmission lines exist is avoided; meanwhile, only one transmission line is adopted, so that the transmission line arrangement in a limited space is reduced, the transmission line arrangement is simplified, the signal control difficulty is reduced, and the integrated design is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional unit composition diagram of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a signal source unit according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a signal modulation unit according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the rectifying and detecting module of the present application;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of the operational amplifier conversion module according to the present application.
Fig. 7 is a signal conversion process diagram of the present application.
Detailed Description
The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present application and are not construed as limiting the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a multi-channel voltage source suitable for a low temperature environment, where the voltage source includes a signal source unit disposed outside a low temperature cavity and a signal modulation unit disposed inside the low temperature cavity.
The signal source unit is used for outputting a mixed analog signal; the mixed analog signal includes a plurality of sub analog signals having different frequencies from each other.
The signal modulation unit is connected with the signal source unit through a transmission line and is used for receiving the mixed analog signal, splitting the mixed analog signal and processing the split mixed analog signal into direct current signals corresponding to the sub analog signals.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the ambient temperature of the low-temperature chamber is less than 4K, and in a specific implementation, the ambient temperature in the low-temperature chamber may be adjusted according to different application requirements (for example, if the voltage source provided in this embodiment is applied to quantum computing, the ambient temperature in the low-temperature chamber is generally kept at 10mK-4K; and if the voltage source provided in this embodiment is applied to aerospace, the ambient temperature in the low-temperature chamber is generally kept at 77K-200K). Arranging the signal source unit outside the low-temperature cavity, wherein: the temperature outside the low-temperature cavity is higher than the temperature inside the low-temperature cavity; generally, the external temperature of the low-temperature cavity refers to room temperature, and the ambient temperature of the low-temperature cavity is below 4K; the influence of the environmental temperature on the performance of the instrument can be avoided, and the precision of the mixed analog signal generated by the signal source is further ensured; the mixed analog signals are split and processed through the signal modulation unit arranged in the low-temperature cavity, so that the thermal noise of the mixed analog signals can be reduced, and a plurality of low-noise direct-current signals can be obtained.
The method comprises the steps that a signal source unit arranged outside a low-temperature cavity generates mixed analog signals containing a plurality of sub analog signals with different frequencies, the mixed analog signals are transmitted to a signal modulation unit arranged inside the low-temperature cavity through a transmission line, and the mixed analog signals are split and processed into direct current signals corresponding to the sub analog signals through the signal modulation unit; the number of transmission signals is reduced, so that crosstalk among the signals is avoided, and the influence of thermal noise on the signals caused by the heating of the transmission lines when a plurality of transmission lines exist is avoided; meanwhile, only one transmission line is adopted, so that the transmission line arrangement in a limited space is reduced, the transmission line arrangement is simplified, the signal control difficulty is reduced, and the integrated design is realized; the voltage source provided by the application can be applied to a low-temperature environment, and can provide a multi-channel direct current signal with guaranteed precision to a certain degree for working elements in the low-temperature environment.
In a specific implementation, the signal source unit may include a DAC module and a signal combining module; the DAC module is used for generating a plurality of sub analog signals with different frequencies; and the signal combining module is used for combining the sub-analog signals into the mixed analog signal.
The sub-analog signals with different frequencies can be generated by various signal source devices, such as a signal generator, an arbitrary waveform generator, a DAC module and the like, and when the method is specifically implemented, the accuracy of the generated sub-analog signals needs to be controlled at a signal source, namely the signal source device, so that a high-bit DAC module, such as an 8-bit DAC module and even a 12-bit DAC module, is selected, the frequency, amplitude and accuracy of each sub-analog signal generated at room temperature can be effectively guaranteed, and the amplitude of the direct current signal obtained after the splitting and processing of the signal modulation unit arranged in the low-temperature cavity is more accurate and the accuracy is higher.
When the DAC module is used for generating a plurality of sub-analog signals with different frequencies, the DAC module can be set to be one or more; when the DAC module is set to be multiple, the number of the DAC modules is not larger than the number of the sub analog signals.
Specifically, one DAC module may be used to generate a plurality of sub analog signals with different frequencies, or a plurality of DAC modules may be used to provide one sub analog signal respectively, where the frequencies of the sub analog signals are different from each other. When a plurality of sub-analog signals with different frequencies are generated by using one DAC module, because the frequencies of the plurality of sub-analog signals are different from each other, the frequency bandwidth of the output signal of the DAC module is very wide, which not only needs to ensure that the frequencies of the plurality of sub-analog signals are different from each other, but also needs to ensure that the frequency intervals among the plurality of sub-analog signals are large, thereby preventing signal crosstalk. It is conceivable that one such DAC module would have difficulty meeting the multi-channel requirements when applied to the field of quantum testing where many channels of voltage signals need to be provided.
Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of DAC modules are provided, each DAC module provides one sub-analog signal, and the frequencies of the sub-analog signals are different from each other; the DAC module is arranged to generate the sub-analog signal with single frequency, so that the frequency accuracy of the sub-analog signal can be ensured; and then the mixed analog signals containing a plurality of frequencies are synthesized by the combining module and transmitted to the signal modulation unit through the transmission line.
It should be noted that each of the sub-analog signals generated by the DAC module not only includes a frequency parameter, but also includes an amplitude parameter, and the amplitude parameter of each of the sub-analog signals may be the same or different. For example, when a 6-bit quantum chip is tested, 16 direct current signals need to be provided, 16 DAC modules may be set to generate 16 analog signals with different frequency f and amplitude V parameters, and the analog signals are combined into one mixed analog signal by the signal combining module, where the mixed analog signal is represented as:
V(t)＝V 1 cos2πf 1 t+V 2 cos2πf 2 t+…+V 16 cos2πf 16 t；
the frequency f and the amplitude V can be modified at will according to the requirements of users, and the applicability is very high.
As shown in fig. 2, the combining module may be configured as a microwave combiner or an inverted microwave power divider, and each has a function of receiving and mixing multiple signals into one signal to be output. The microwave combiner is widely applied to the communication field as a microwave device, and is provided with a plurality of input ports and an output port, and a plurality of signals received by the input ports can be combined into one signal and output through the output port; the microwave power divider has the function opposite to that of the microwave combiner and equally divides a signal into a plurality of signals to be output; therefore, the microwave power divider reversing device can achieve the same function as the microwave combiner in a test circuit.
The present embodiment adopts an inverted microwave power divider. The specific using method comprises the following steps: and respectively connecting a plurality of output ports of the microwave power divider with the output port of the DAC module, receiving each sub-analog signal generated by the DAC module, and outputting a mixed analog signal to the transmission line through an input end.
As shown in fig. 3, when the signal modulation unit disposed inside the low temperature cavity splits and processes the mixed analog signal, the signal modulation unit includes a power splitting module, a filtering module, and a rectifying and detecting module; the power division module is connected with the signal source unit and is used for splitting the mixed analog signal into a plurality of same mixed analog sub-signals; wherein the number of mixed analog sub-signals is equal to the number of sub-analog signals; the filtering module is connected with the power divider module and is used for respectively filtering each mixed analog sub-signal to obtain an analog sub-signal to be rectified, wherein the frequency of the analog sub-signal corresponds to the frequency of the sub-analog signal; and the rectification detection module is connected with the filtering module and is used for rectifying each analog sub-signal to be rectified to obtain each direct current signal.
As shown in fig. 4, when the signal source unit includes the DAC module and the signal combining module, an input end of the power divider module is connected to an output end of the signal combining module through the transmission line, and divides the received mixed analog signal into a plurality of mixed analog sub-signals with the same frequency according to an amplitude parameter, and outputs the mixed analog sub-signals through an output port, where a frequency of each mixed analog sub-signal includes a frequency of each sub-analog signal, and an amplitude of each mixed analog sub-signal corresponds to an amplitude of each sub-analog signal.
When the embodiment of the present application is implemented specifically, the number of the mixed analog sub-signals generated by splitting the power splitter module is equal to the number of the sub-analog signals output by the DAC module.
Specifically, the plurality of mixed analog sub-signals split and generated by the power splitter module are mixed signals containing a plurality of frequencies, and each mixed analog sub-signal needs to be filtered by the filtering module to obtain a plurality of analog sub-signals to be rectified with a single frequency, where the frequency of each analog sub-signal to be rectified corresponds to the frequency of each analog sub-signal.
When the method is implemented, the filtering module comprises a plurality of band-pass filters; and each band-pass filter is respectively connected with different output ports of the power divider module, and the working frequency of each band-pass filter corresponds to the frequency of each sub-analog signal one to one.
The mixed analog sub-signals generated by splitting the power splitter module include all frequencies of the sub-analog signals, and cannot be converted into direct-current signals through rectification filtering, so that the mixed analog sub-signals need to be filtered by band-pass filters with working frequencies corresponding to the frequencies of the sub-analog signals one to one, and then the analog sub-signals to be rectified with a single frequency are obtained.
In the communication field, band pass filter can contain cavity band pass filter, medium band pass filter, band pass filter and other multiple types of wave filter, adopts when this application concrete implementation lumped wave filter, small, easily integrated.
In the implementation of the present application, the lumped filter may include one or more of an RC filter and an LC filter. When the band-pass filter is applied to the quantum field, the band-pass filter adopts one or more passive RC filters or passive LC filters, so that the additional power consumption and electromagnetic crosstalk influence caused by working voltage or current can be effectively reduced.
In comparison, the quality factor Q of the RC filter is low, and when a frequency band with a narrow bandwidth is filtered, the loss of signals is large, which is relatively suitable for low-frequency filtering; and the resistor generates heat when current or voltage passes through the resistor, so that the power consumption is increased. The LC filter generates little heat, the Q value of the quality factor is relatively high, and the effect is better when the filter is carried out on the frequency band with narrow bandwidth, particularly the frequency band with narrow bandwidth of high frequency. Therefore, when the application is implemented, the LC filter scheme is preferably selected for the lumped filter, the lumped filter is suitable for a high-frequency signal circuit in which the quantum chip works, the power consumption is low, and the filtering effect is better for the mixed analog sub-signals with the narrow bandwidth characteristic implemented by the application.
When the multi-channel voltage source suitable for the low-temperature environment is applied to the field of quantum testing and provides the direct-current signal for the quantum chip, the requirement on the suppression degree of the band-pass filter is required. Specifically, the degree of suppression of the sub analog signals of other frequencies except for the corresponding sub analog signals by each band pass filter needs to be greater than 80dB, where the degree of suppression of 80dB is a typical standard of the isolation degree of the isolation band of the band pass filter, that is, the sub analog signals of other frequencies attenuate by 80dB after passing through the band pass filter, so as to ensure that the influence between the analog sub signals to be rectified output by the band pass filter is minimized.
The power dividing module and the filtering module which are arranged in the low-temperature cavity process the mixed analog signal into analog sub-signals to be rectified corresponding to the sub-analog signals, and the signal combining module outside the low-temperature cavity and the power dividing module in the low-temperature cavity are connected through only one transmission line, so that the effect of transmitting multiple paths of sub-analog signals is achieved. Especially in the field of quantum computation, when a multi-bit quantum chip is controlled and tested and direct current signals of hundreds or even thousands of channels are needed, the direct current signal transmission requirements of more channels can be met by adopting as few transmission lines as possible, and the number of the transmission lines and the control difficulty are effectively reduced
It should be noted that the analog sub-signals to be rectified output by each filtering module are analog signals containing frequency and amplitude parameters, and cannot be directly used as a dc signal source, and the analog sub-signals to be rectified need to be processed into dc signals with a single frequency and small ripples by a rectification detection module and serve as output signals of a voltage source.
The rectification detection module comprises a rectifier diode and a low-pass filter; the rectifier diode is connected with the filtering module and is used for processing the analog sub-signal to be rectified to obtain a forward analog sub-signal to be rectified; the low-pass filter is connected with the rectifier diode and is used for filtering the forward analog sub-signal to be rectified to obtain the direct current signal.
As shown in fig. 5, the rectifying diode may include a schottky diode suitable for use in a low temperature environment, the positive terminal of the schottky diode is connected to the band-pass filter, receives the analog sub-signal to be rectified generated by the band-pass filter, cuts off the reverse analog sub-signal to be rectified by means of the forward conduction characteristic of the schottky diode, and outputs the analog sub-signal to be rectified including only forward half-wave through the negative terminal.
The low-pass filter is connected with the cathode of the rectifier diode, the low-pass filter adopts a capacitor, and the half-wave band rectifier signal output by the Schottky diode and only containing the forward direction can be filtered by utilizing the charging and discharging functions of the capacitor, so that the amplitude of the forward half-wave band rectifier signal is stabilized at a fixed value and has small ripple waves, and the direct current signal is obtained. It should be noted that, the schottky diode and the capacitor are both configured as passive devices, which can effectively reduce the additional power consumption and the electromagnetic crosstalk influence caused by the supply voltage or current of each module.
The signal modulation unit also comprises an operational amplifier conversion module; the operational amplifier conversion module is connected with the output end of the rectification detection module and is used for respectively carrying out operational amplifier processing on the received direct current signals and outputting the signals after the operational amplifier processing.
Specifically, the voltage sources have different application scenarios, and the accuracy and amplitude requirements of the output dc signals are also different, and various conversion circuits, such as an addition circuit, a subtraction circuit, and the like, can be implemented by the operational amplifier conversion module, so that the dc signals are converted into the dc signals having a specific amplitude interval and small fluctuation required by the user, and the requirements of various dc signal sources are met.
When the application is applied to the field of quantum chip testing, the quantum chip needs to provide a direct current voltage source with the amplitude range of-1V- +1V, and an accurate direct current voltage signal of-1V- +1V can be obtained through the conversion of the operational amplifier module. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6.
As shown in fig. 6, the operational amplifier conversion module includes a current feedback amplifier chip U1, a forward input end of the chip U1 is connected in parallel to one ends of resistors R2 and R3, wherein the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the low pass filter, and is configured to receive the dc signal filtered by the low pass filter; the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with an adder V3-1 to realize the conversion of the direct current signal. For example, the amplitude of the dc signal is 1V to 3V, the adder provides a dc signal with an amplitude of-2V, the amplitude of the dc signal is adjusted by-2V, so as to obtain a dc signal of-1V to +1V, the dc signal with an amplitude of-1V to +1V is adjusted and provided to the non-inverting input terminal of the current feedback amplifier chip U1, and the accuracy and noise suppression of the dc signal can be further improved by the processing of the current feedback amplifier chip U1. The working voltage of the current feedback amplifier chip U1 is respectively provided by V + and V-.
The transmission line comprises a high-frequency coaxial cable, and two ends of the high-frequency coaxial cable are respectively connected with the signal source unit and the signal modulation unit.
Specifically, when the voltage source is applied to the field of quantum computing, as is well known, the current quantum chips all work at 4-6GHz, and the frequency of various regulation and control signals applied to the quantum chip test is also set at 4-8GHz, so that the signal attenuation caused by a test line can be effectively reduced by adopting the high-frequency coaxial cable to transmit signals.
As shown in fig. 7, the present application provides a conversion process of converting a multi-channel analog signal into a dc signal.
1. Generation of sub-analog signals: each sub-analog signal is generated by one or more DAC modules, the sub-analog signal has frequency and amplitude parameters, and the frequency and amplitude parameters of each sub-analog signal are different;
2. generation of mixed analog signals: each sub-analog signal is synthesized and converted into a mixed analog signal through a signal combining module, wherein the mixed analog signal comprises the frequency and amplitude parameters of each sub-analog signal;
3. generation of the mixed analog sub-signal: the mixed analog signal is converted into a plurality of mixed analog sub-signals through a power division module, wherein the frequency of each mixed analog sub-signal is the same, and the amplitude of each mixed analog sub-signal corresponds to the amplitude parameter of each sub-analog signal one by one;
4. generating an analog sub-signal to be rectified: filtering the frequency of each mixed analog sub-signal through a filtering module respectively, and converting the frequency into analog sub-signals to be rectified, wherein the frequencies of the analog sub-signals correspond to the frequency parameters of the sub-analog signals one by one;
5. generation of a direct current signal: and each analog sub-signal to be rectified sequentially passes through the rectification detection module and the operational amplifier conversion module, so that the frequency and amplitude of each analog sub-signal to be rectified are optimized and converted into a high-precision direct-current signal with small ripples.
In the above process of converting a multi-channel analog signal into a dc signal, when the dc signal is required to be output in a very low temperature environment, the sub-analog signal and the mixed analog signal are both generated outside the low temperature cavity, so that the accuracy of the frequency and amplitude parameters of the sub-analog signal generated by the DAC module can be ensured, and the sub-analog signal and the mixed analog signal are mixed to include the frequency and amplitude parameters of each sub-analog signal. The generation of the mixed analog sub-signal, the generation of the analog sub-signal to be rectified and the generation of the direct current signal are all carried out in the low-temperature cavity, and the precision of the generated direct current signal can be improved and the noise influence can be reduced through the filtering module, the rectification detection module and the operational amplifier conversion module.
When the direct current signal is required to be applied to the field of quantum computing, the power division module, the filtering module and the sorting detection module can all adopt passive devices, and extra power consumption and electromagnetic crosstalk influence caused by power supply voltage or current of each module can be effectively reduced.
The method comprises the steps that a signal source unit arranged outside a low-temperature cavity is used for synthesizing various signals into a mixed analog signal, a transmission line is arranged in a targeted mode for transmitting the mixed analog signal, and a signal modulation unit arranged inside the low-temperature cavity is used for splitting and processing the mixed analog signal to obtain a plurality of direct current signals; the voltage source that this application provided can provide the multichannel direct current signal that the precision certain degree can be ensured for the working element in the low temperature intracavity, in other words, the voltage source that this application provided can be applied to low temperature environment, can provide the multichannel direct current signal that the precision certain degree can be ensured for the working element in the low temperature environment. Meanwhile, multiple signals are synthesized into a mixed analog signal, and a transmission line is arranged in a targeted manner to transmit the mixed analog signal, so that the number of the transmitted signals is reduced, and further, crosstalk among the signals is avoided, and the influence of thermal noise on the signals caused by the heating of the transmission line when a plurality of transmission lines exist is avoided; meanwhile, only one transmission line is adopted, so that the transmission line arrangement in a limited space is reduced, the transmission line arrangement is simplified, the signal control difficulty is reduced, and the integrated design is realized.
The construction, features and functions of the present application are described in detail in the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, which are only preferred embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited by the drawings, and all equivalent embodiments that can be modified or changed according to the idea of the present application are within the scope of the present application without departing from the spirit of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-channel voltage source suitable for a low-temperature environment is characterized by comprising a signal source unit arranged outside a low-temperature cavity and a signal modulation unit arranged inside the low-temperature cavity;
the signal source unit is used for outputting a mixed analog signal; the mixed analog signal comprises a plurality of sub analog signals with different frequencies;
the signal modulation unit is connected with the signal source unit through a transmission line, and is used for receiving the mixed analog signal, splitting and processing the mixed analog signal into direct current signals corresponding to the sub-analog signals, wherein the processing at least comprises filtering.
2. The multi-channel voltage source suitable for low temperature environment of claim 1, wherein the signal source unit comprises a DAC module and a signal combining module;
the DAC module is used for generating a plurality of sub analog signals with different frequencies;
and the signal combining module is used for combining the sub-analog signals into the mixed analog signal.
3. The multi-channel voltage source suitable for low-temperature environment according to claim 2, wherein the DAC module is provided in one or more;
when the DAC module is set to be multiple, the number of the DAC modules is not larger than the number of the sub analog signals.
4. The multi-channel voltage source suitable for low temperature environments of claim 1, wherein the signal modulation unit comprises a power divider module, a filtering module and a rectification detection module;
the power divider module is connected with the signal source unit and is used for dividing the mixed analog signal into a plurality of same mixed analog sub-signals; the number of the mixed analog sub-signals is equal to the number of the sub-analog signals, and the amplitudes of the mixed analog sub-signals correspond to the amplitudes of the sub-analog signals one to one;
the filtering module is connected with the power divider module and is used for respectively filtering each mixed analog sub-signal to obtain an analog sub-signal to be rectified, wherein the frequency of the analog sub-signal corresponds to the frequency of the sub-analog signal;
and the rectification detection module is connected with the filtering module and is used for rectifying each analog sub-signal to be rectified to obtain each direct current signal.
5. The multi-channel voltage source suitable for use in a cryogenic environment of claim 4, wherein the filtering module comprises a plurality of band pass filters;
and each band-pass filter is respectively connected with different output ports of the power divider module, and the working frequency of each band-pass filter corresponds to the frequency of each sub-analog signal one to one.
6. The multi-channel voltage source suitable for use in a cryogenic environment of claim 5, wherein the band pass filter is one or more of a lumped filter, a cavity filter, and a dielectric filter.
7. The multi-channel voltage source suitable for use in cryogenic environments of claim 6, wherein the lumped filter comprises one or more of an RC filter, an LC filter;
wherein the RC filter and the LC filter are both passive devices.
8. The multi-channel voltage source suitable for use in low temperature environments of claim 4, wherein the rectifying and detecting module comprises a rectifying diode and a low pass filter;
the rectifier diode is connected with the filtering module and used for processing the analog sub-signal to be rectified to obtain a forward analog sub-signal to be rectified;
the low-pass filter is connected with the rectifier diode and is used for filtering the forward to-be-rectified analog sub-signal to obtain the direct current signal.
9. The multi-channel voltage source suitable for use in low temperature environments of claim 4, wherein the signal modulation unit further comprises an operational amplifier conversion module;
the operational amplifier conversion module is connected with the output end of the rectification detection module and used for respectively carrying out operational amplifier processing on the received direct current signals and outputting the operational amplifier processed signals.
10. The multi-channel voltage source suitable for use in cryogenic environments of claim 1, wherein the transmission line comprises a high frequency coaxial cable having two ends respectively connected to the signal source unit and the signal modulation unit.
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