CN109194360B - 16-channel digital multi-beam transceiving front-end component - Google Patents
16-channel digital multi-beam transceiving front-end component Download PDFInfo
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- CN109194360B CN109194360B CN201811208251.3A CN201811208251A CN109194360B CN 109194360 B CN109194360 B CN 109194360B CN 201811208251 A CN201811208251 A CN 201811208251A CN 109194360 B CN109194360 B CN 109194360B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of transceiving frequency conversion channels, in particular to a 16-channel digital multi-beam transceiving front-end component, which comprises a receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna, 16 receiving channels, 1 transmitting channel, 3 testing clock modules, 1 local oscillator module, a heat dissipation module and a power control module, wherein the receiving antenna is connected with the transmitting antenna; the 16-path receiving channel transmitting antenna signal is connected, the transmitting channel is connected with the transmitting antenna signal, the 16-path receiving channel is connected with the heat dissipation module, the local oscillator module is connected with the transmitting channel signal, the power supply control module is respectively supplied with power to the transmitting channel, the 1-path local oscillator module and the 3-path testing clock module, the 3-path testing clock module and the 1-path local oscillator module are frequency sources, and all the structures are multilayer three-dimensional hard connection. The high-density integration of the Ku-band multichannel digital multi-beam transceiving front-end component is realized, the volume is small, the weight is light, the stability is good, and the multi-aspect requirements of multi-beam transceiving tests are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transceiving frequency conversion channels, in particular to a 16-channel digital multi-beam transceiving front-end component which is mainly designed by mixing an MMIC bare chip and a PCB circuit and is realized in a one-time frequency conversion mode.
Background
The multi-beam technology is generally used for multi-beam sounding, and is high integration of various technologies such as an underwater sound technology, a computer technology, a navigation positioning technology, a digital sensor technology and the like; the multi-beam test system is a complex combined system of multiple sensors, and is a high integration of multiple technologies such as modern signal processing technology, high-performance computer technology, high-resolution display technology, high-precision positioning technology, digital sensor technology and other related high and new technologies.
The transceiver front-end component adopts a frequency conversion design, and the frequency conversion front-end component is a good link between a radio frequency part and a baseband part and is an indispensable part of modern radio communication and radio detection. The size of a radio transceiver device (e.g., an antenna) is proportional to the length of the radio waves it receives and transmits. The low-frequency signal is subjected to one or more frequency conversion, the frequency spectrum is moved to a radio frequency part, and then the radio frequency part is used for transmitting the low-frequency signal by using an antenna with a proper size; radio waves received by the antenna are subjected to frequency conversion once or for multiple times, and the frequency spectrum is moved to the intermediate frequency part, so that the radio waves are conveniently processed and analyzed by a post-stage circuit.
The transceiver front end in the traditional mode generally comprises three independent modules, namely a receiving module, a transmitting module and a local oscillator module. The receiving module selects a radio frequency weak signal to be received through a preselection filter, the weak signal is amplified by an amplitude limiting low-noise amplifier and then is converted into an intermediate frequency, the required intermediate frequency signal is extracted through an intermediate frequency filter and is sent to a signal processing module for demodulation and analysis; the transmitting module converts the intermediate frequency signal generated by the baseband into radio frequency, selects the radio frequency signal to be transmitted through filtering, amplifies the radio frequency signal and outputs the amplified radio frequency signal to an antenna; the local oscillation module provides the required local oscillation driving signal for the receiving module and the transmitting module. In the face of various working environments, the transceiver front-end in the conventional mode has exposed great limitations, mainly including the following points:
1. the traditional receiving and transmitting front end is divided into three independent modules of receiving, transmitting and local oscillation, each module has single function, low integration level, large system volume and complex circuit assembly;
2. the traditional mode has the defects of multiple types and numbers of receiving and transmitting front-end devices, various assembly modes and great challenges on reliability and stability in a complex use environment;
3. the local oscillation signal at the receiving and transmitting front end in the traditional mode is generated by adopting a conventional phase-locked loop mode, the phase noise is low, and the test requirement on the target test under the multi-beam test condition cannot be met;
4. the traditional mode has few channels at the front end of receiving and transmitting, has narrow application range, and can not realize the test of multiple targets and wide scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the limitation of the transmitting-receiving front end in the traditional mode, and provides a Ku-band 16-channel digital multi-beam transmitting-receiving front end component taking an MMIC bare chip and a PCB circuit as cores, and in order to realize the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a 16-channel digital multi-beam transceiver front-end assembly, comprising: the system comprises a receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna, 16 receiving channels, 1 transmitting channel, 3 testing clock modules, 1 local oscillator module, a heat dissipation module and a power supply control module; the 16-path receiving channel transmitting channel receiving antenna signal is connected, the transmitting channel is connected with the transmitting antenna signal, the 16-path receiving channel is connected with the heat dissipation module, the local oscillator module is connected with the transmitting channel signal, the power control module is respectively powered with the transmitting channel, the 1-path local oscillator module and the 3-path testing clock module, the 3-path testing clock module and the 1-path local oscillator module are frequency sources, and all the structures are multilayer three-dimensional hard connection.
Signals received by the receiving antenna are subjected to primary frequency conversion through 16 paths of receiving channels respectively to realize the conversion from Ku wave band signals to intermediate frequency signals; the 1-path transmitting channel realizes the conversion from an intermediate frequency L wave band signal to a Ku wave band signal through one-time frequency conversion, and then is directly connected to a transmitting antenna; the test clock meets the requirement of outputting 3 paths of test clock signals of required frequency points to the outside, and the post-processing is convenient; the local oscillator signal provides a frequency conversion local oscillator signal with high phase noise for the transmitting link; the power control part is an LDO power supply and realizes voltage stabilization, filtering and conversion from external input voltage to internal power supply voltage.
The receiving antenna, the transmitting antenna, the 16-path receiving channel, the transmitting channel, the 3-path testing clock module and the 1-path local oscillator module are of a multilayer structure, the first layer is the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna, and the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are arranged in the cavity; the cavity is obtained by simulating the characteristics of receiving and transmitting antennas, the length, the width and the height of the cavity and the length, the width and the height of a spacer strip between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, the cavity mainly ensures the indexes of the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna and the isolation of the receiving and transmitting antenna, the second layer is a transmitting channel, a radio frequency part of 16 paths of receiving channels, namely a front end soft substrate part and a power supply control module, the third layer is an intermediate frequency output, an intermediate frequency input, a 3-path test clock module and a local oscillator module, the intermediate frequency output is connected with 16 paths of receiving channel signals, and the intermediate frequency input is connected with transmitting channel signals; the fourth layer comprises a heat dissipation module; power supply and control signals among all layers are interconnected in a plug-in mode through a miniature low-frequency connector, and radio-frequency signals are interconnected through a radio-frequency insulator; the inside of each layer is mainly interconnected through a via hole.
The radio frequency part of the second layer is a high-frequency part, the high-frequency part takes an MMIC bare chip circuit as a core, and all MMIC bare chips and thin film circuits of the Ku waveband frequency conversion part are integrated on the soft substrate circuit in a high density; the third layer is an intermediate frequency part, the intermediate frequency part takes a plurality of microwave boards as a carrier, and a mature and reliable surface mounting process is adopted, so that the assembly difficulty is reduced, and the stability of the system is improved.
The MMIC bare chip circuit comprises amplification, filtering, frequency mixing and coupling of a transmitting link Ku waveband signal; amplitude limiting, amplification, filtering and frequency mixing of a receiving link Ku waveband signal; the power dividing, amplifying and power detecting circuit of the local oscillation power dividing link; the 16 receiving channels are divided into two cavities, each cavity is provided with 8 channels, each channel is provided with a small cavity, and the channels are separated by a spacing strip, so that the isolation between the channels is improved. The transmitting channel is a single cavity and is not coplanar with the receiving channel, so that the isolation requirement of the transmitting and receiving channels is ensured.
The local oscillation signal is Ku waveband signal, which is sent to a mixer after multiple times of frequency multiplication and filtering amplification to be subjected to frequency conversion with corresponding signal.
The power control module in the second layer comprises a PCB, an LDO power module circuit, a power filter circuit, a control circuit, a cavity and an external low-frequency interface.
The frequency conversion circuit part comprises a radio frequency part of a second layer and an intermediate frequency input and an intermediate frequency output of a third layer, the frequency conversion circuit comprises a soft substrate board, a PCB board, a small cavity, an internal division bar, a large cavity, a receiving link, a transmitting link and a local oscillator link, wherein the local oscillator of the receiving link is provided through the coupling of the transmitting link.
The laminated structure design is designed in a layered and partitioned mode according to the signal working frequency, different signal types and different circuit functions. The power supply and the control circuit are low-frequency circuits and respectively process analog voltage and current signals and digital logic signals, and the topology design is a power supply partition and a control logic partition. Ku wave band treatment circuit is high frequency circuit, is the intermediate frequency circuit after the frequency conversion, and the topology design is two big divisions for radio frequency and intermediate frequency: the radio frequency subarea takes a soft substrate circuit as a carrier, filters and amplifies Ku waveband signals and carries out frequency conversion through an MMIC bare chip, so that the multi-channel miniaturization design is realized, printed circuits placed on the same horizontal plane are decomposed to a plurality of horizontal planes vertical to the space, and a three-dimensional topological structure is realized through vertical interconnection among layers; the signals processed by the intermediate frequency subareas are signals obtained after down-conversion of a Ku frequency band of the radio frequency subareas, so that a plurality of layers of microwave boards are used as carriers, a mature and reliable surface-mounting process is adopted, the assembly difficulty is reduced, and the stability of the system is improved. In order to fully ensure the consistency of the breadth of each path, the simulation design is a symmetrical structure, and each channel adopts equal-length line layout.
The invention has the advantages that:
the high-density integration of the Ku-band multichannel digital multi-beam transceiving front-end component is realized, the volume is small, the weight is light, the stability is good, and the multi-aspect requirements of multi-beam transceiving tests are met.
The method mainly completes the frequency conversion and power amplification of the linear frequency modulation signal, completes the amplification, frequency conversion, filtering and amplitude adjustment of the radar multi-channel echo receiving signal, and finally outputs the signal to data acquisition. The receiving and transmitting antenna realizes the receiving and transmitting of signals; the frequency source provides coherent clock sources for the modules; the heat dissipation module provides good heat dissipation for the whole assembly. The transmitting channel has a performance abnormity monitoring function; the coverage area of the transmitting antenna is inclined to 40 degrees in elevation and oriented to 3 degrees in azimuth. The receiving part is 16 receiving channels, the antenna adopts a half-array method on the horizontal plane, the left and the right receiving channels form an array in the pitching direction respectively, and the DBF technology is utilized to realize the pitching scanning.
The thin film filter has small circuit size, light weight, small insertion loss and good temperature stability; the intermediate frequency part adopts a PCB board, the filter is customized, the size is small, the weight is light, the performance is stable, the assembly is convenient, and the debugging is not needed.
A receiving link of the 16-channel digital multi-beam transceiving front-end component is in a primary frequency conversion mode, Ku band signals are directly converted into 0-20 MHz signals, and the advantages of simple link design, few used devices and great improvement on system stability are achieved.
The power supply and the control part adopt a mature and reliable design scheme of the LDO power supply module, the output is provided for the power supply of the later stage, the stability is high, the ripple is small, and the problem of stray switches caused by the adoption of a DC-DC power supply is avoided.
The receiving channel local oscillation signal is provided by the output coupling of the transmitting channel, so that the design is greatly simplified, the structure of the whole assembly is simplified, the stability is improved, and the volume is reduced.
The high-density integration of the Ku-band multichannel digital multi-beam transceiving front-end component is realized, the volume is small, the weight is light, the environmental adaptability is strong, the reliability and the stability of the system working under various environmental conditions are improved, and the future development trend of the multi-beam transceiving front-end component is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the reception principle of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the transmission principle of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a frequency source of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of the local oscillator power division according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
A16-channel digital multi-beam transceiving front-end component comprises a receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna, 16 receiving channels, 1 transmitting channel, 3 testing clock modules, 1 local oscillator module, a heat dissipation module and a power control module; the 16-path receiving channel transmitting channel receiving antenna signal is connected, the transmitting channel is connected with the transmitting antenna signal, the 16-path receiving channel is connected with the heat dissipation module, the local oscillator module is connected with the transmitting channel signal, the power control module is respectively powered with the transmitting channel, the 1-path local oscillator module and the 3-path testing clock module, the 3-path testing clock module and the 1-path local oscillator module are frequency sources, and all the structures are multilayer three-dimensional hard connection.
Signals received by the receiving antenna are subjected to primary frequency conversion through 16 paths of receiving channels respectively to realize the conversion from Ku wave band signals to intermediate frequency signals; the 1-path transmitting channel realizes the conversion from an intermediate frequency L wave band signal to a Ku wave band signal through one-time frequency conversion, and then is directly connected to a transmitting antenna; the test clock meets the requirement of outputting 3 paths of test clock signals of required frequency points to the outside, and the post-processing is convenient; the local oscillator signal provides a frequency conversion local oscillator signal with high phase noise for the transmitting link; the power control part is an LDO power supply and realizes voltage stabilization, filtering and conversion from external input voltage to internal power supply voltage.
The receiving antenna, the transmitting antenna, the 16-path receiving channel, the transmitting channel, the 3-path testing clock module and the 1-path local oscillator module are of a multilayer structure, the first layer is the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna, and the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are arranged in the cavity; the cavity is obtained by simulating the characteristics of receiving and transmitting antennas, the length, the width and the height of the cavity and the length, the width and the height of a spacer strip between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, the cavity mainly ensures the indexes of the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna and the isolation of the receiving and transmitting antenna, the second layer is a transmitting channel, a radio frequency part of 16 paths of receiving channels, namely a front end soft substrate part and a power supply control module, the third layer is an intermediate frequency output, an intermediate frequency input, a 3-path test clock module and a local oscillator module, the intermediate frequency output is connected with 16 paths of receiving channel signals, and the intermediate frequency input is connected with transmitting channel signals; the fourth layer comprises a heat dissipation module; power supply and control signals among all layers are interconnected in a plug-in mode through a miniature low-frequency connector, and radio-frequency signals are interconnected through a radio-frequency insulator; the inside of each layer is mainly interconnected through a via hole.
The radio frequency part of the second layer is a high-frequency part, the high-frequency part takes an MMIC bare chip circuit as a core, and all MMIC bare chips and thin film circuits of the Ku waveband frequency conversion part are integrated on the soft substrate circuit in a high density; the third layer is an intermediate frequency part, the intermediate frequency part takes a plurality of microwave boards as a carrier, and a mature and reliable surface mounting process is adopted, so that the assembly difficulty is reduced, and the stability of the system is improved.
The MMIC bare chip circuit comprises amplification, filtering, frequency mixing and coupling of a transmitting link Ku waveband signal; amplitude limiting, amplification, filtering and frequency mixing of a receiving link Ku waveband signal; the power dividing, amplifying and power detecting circuit of the local oscillation power dividing link; the 16 receiving channels are divided into two cavities, each cavity is provided with 8 channels, each channel is provided with a small cavity, and the channels are separated by a spacing strip, so that the isolation between the channels is improved. The transmitting channel is a single cavity and is not coplanar with the receiving channel, so that the isolation requirement of the transmitting and receiving channels is ensured.
The local oscillation signal is Ku waveband signal, which is sent to a mixer after multiple times of frequency multiplication and filtering amplification to be subjected to frequency conversion with corresponding signal.
The power control module in the second layer comprises a PCB, an LDO power module circuit, a power filter circuit, a control circuit, a cavity and an external low-frequency interface.
The frequency conversion circuit part comprises a radio frequency part of a second layer and an intermediate frequency input and an intermediate frequency output of a third layer, the frequency conversion circuit comprises a soft substrate board, a PCB board, a small cavity, an internal division bar, a large cavity, a receiving link, a transmitting link and a local oscillator link, wherein the local oscillator of the receiving link is provided through the coupling of the transmitting link.
The laminated structure design is designed in a layered and partitioned mode according to the signal working frequency, different signal types and different circuit functions. The power supply and the control circuit are low-frequency circuits and respectively process analog voltage and current signals and digital logic signals, and the topology design is a power supply partition and a control logic partition. Ku wave band treatment circuit is high frequency circuit, is the intermediate frequency circuit after the frequency conversion, and the topology design is two big divisions for radio frequency and intermediate frequency: the radio frequency subarea takes a soft substrate circuit as a carrier, filters and amplifies Ku waveband signals and carries out frequency conversion through an MMIC bare chip, so that the multi-channel miniaturization design is realized, printed circuits placed on the same horizontal plane are decomposed to a plurality of horizontal planes vertical to the space, and a three-dimensional topological structure is realized through vertical interconnection among layers; the signals processed by the intermediate frequency subareas are signals obtained after down-conversion of a Ku frequency band of the radio frequency subareas, so that a plurality of layers of microwave boards are used as carriers, a mature and reliable surface-mounting process is adopted, the assembly difficulty is reduced, and the stability of the system is improved. In order to fully ensure the consistency of the breadth of each path, the simulation design is a symmetrical structure, and each channel adopts equal-length line layout.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: the high-density integration of the Ku-band multichannel digital multi-beam transceiving front-end component is realized, the volume is small, the weight is light, the stability is good, and the multi-aspect requirements of multi-beam transceiving tests are met.
The method mainly completes the frequency conversion and power amplification of the linear frequency modulation signal, completes the amplification, frequency conversion, filtering and amplitude adjustment of the radar multi-channel echo receiving signal, and finally outputs the signal to data acquisition. The receiving and transmitting antenna realizes the receiving and transmitting of signals; the frequency source provides coherent clock sources for the modules; the heat dissipation module provides good heat dissipation for the whole assembly. The transmitting channel has a performance abnormity monitoring function; the coverage area of the transmitting antenna is inclined to 40 degrees in elevation and oriented to 3 degrees in azimuth. The receiving part is 16 receiving channels, the antenna adopts a half-array method on the horizontal plane, the left and the right receiving channels form an array in the pitching direction respectively, and the DBF technology is utilized to realize the pitching scanning.
The thin film filter has small circuit size, light weight, small insertion loss and good temperature stability; the intermediate frequency part adopts a PCB board, the filter is customized, the size is small, the weight is light, the performance is stable, the assembly is convenient, and the debugging is not needed.
A receiving link of the 16-channel digital multi-beam transceiving front-end component is in a primary frequency conversion mode, Ku band signals are directly converted into 0-20 MHz signals, and the advantages of simple link design, few used devices and great improvement on system stability are achieved.
The power supply and the control part adopt a mature and reliable design scheme of the LDO power supply module, the output is provided for the power supply of the later stage, the stability is high, the ripple is small, and the problem of stray switches caused by the adoption of a DC-DC power supply is avoided.
The receiving channel local oscillation signal is provided by the output coupling of the transmitting channel, so that the design is greatly simplified, the structure of the whole assembly is simplified, the stability is improved, and the volume is reduced.
The high-density integration of the Ku-band multichannel digital multi-beam transceiving front-end component is realized, the volume is small, the weight is light, the environmental adaptability is strong, the reliability and the stability of the system working under various environmental conditions are improved, and the future development trend of the multi-beam transceiving front-end component is met.
The following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in the block diagram of fig. 1, the 16-channel digital multi-beam transceiver front-end component mainly includes an antenna module, a receiving channel module, a transmitting channel module, a local oscillator module, and a heat dissipation module. The product adopts a modularized design idea to design each part in a partitioned mode according to different functions.
And the transmitting channel module directly up-converts the input intermediate frequency signal to a Ku wave band by adopting a high local vibration frequency. After mixing, a cavity filter and a microstrip filter are adopted to suppress out-of-band spurious, a detector and a comparator are adopted at the last stage of a link to realize the power detection output function, and the sizes of all filters and other devices are comprehensively considered to carry out structure matching.
The receiving channel completes amplification, frequency conversion, filtering and amplitude adjustment of radar multichannel echo receiving signals, finally signals are output to data acquisition, received Ku waveband signals and local oscillation signals coupled by the transmitting link in the link are subjected to frequency mixing and down conversion to intermediate frequency signals, and then the signals are output through amplification, filtering and attenuation control. Two-stage numerical control attenuation is adopted in the link to realize the attenuation control of the signal of 40 dB.
The frequency source module provides coherent clock sources for each module, the coherent clock sources comprise 4 frequency sources in total, the frequency source reference uses a 100MHz constant temperature crystal oscillator, and one path of frequency division generates a 10MHz test clock signal and a 50MHz AD sampling clock signal after power division; one path of the sampling clock is amplified, filtered, 5-frequency-doubled harmonic waves are obtained, amplified, filtered, amplified and filtered, 4-frequency-doubled harmonic waves are obtained, 2000MHz DA sampling clocks are generated, and then amplification and filtering are carried out to output; the local oscillator signal is subjected to frequency mixing with a DA sampling clock signal after power division to generate a 2050MHz signal, then 2 frequency multiplication harmonic waves are obtained through filtering, amplification, filtering and amplifying filtering to obtain a 4.1GHz signal, and the signal is filtered to obtain the required local oscillator signal of 16.4GHz in a 4 frequency multiplication mode.
The antenna module comprises a transmitting antenna and 16 receiving antennas, wherein the coverage range of the transmitting antenna is 40 degrees in elevation and 3 degrees in azimuth. The receiving antenna horizontally adopts a half-array method, 8 receiving channels on the left and the right form an array in a pitching direction, and the DBF technology is utilized to realize the scanning in the pitching direction.
The radiating module mainly comprises 4 fans, the power consumption of the whole assembly is large, the heat productivity of a power amplifier adopted by the transmitting module is large, heat needs to be radiated in time, and by adopting the waterproof fan, the timely conduction of heat can be ensured, and meanwhile, the airtight design requirement is met.
As shown in fig. 2, the receiving channel is composed of a limiter 1, an amplifier 1, a filter 1, a mixer 1, a filter 2, an amplifier 2, a digitally controlled attenuator 1, an amplifier 3, a pi attenuation 1, a digitally controlled attenuator 2, an amplifier 4, a pi attenuation 2, an amplifier 5, an equalizer 1, a filter 3, a pi attenuation 3, an amplifier 6, and a pi attenuation 4. The input end of the amplitude limiter 1 is connected with a receiving antenna, the output end of the amplitude limiter is connected with the input end of the amplifier 1, and the amplitude limiter limits signals received by the receiving antenna and protects a post-stage device; the output end of the amplifier 1 is connected with the input end of the filter 1, and a received signal is amplified; the output end of the filter 1 is connected with the input end of the mixer 1, and the signal amplified by the amplifier 1 is filtered; the output end of the mixer 1 is connected with the input end of the filter 2; the output end of the filter 2 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 2, and the filter is used for filtering the mixed signal; the output end of the amplifier 2 is connected with the input end of the keyhole attenuator 1 and amplifies the output signal of the filter 2; the output end of the numerical control attenuator 1 is connected with the amplifier 3 and is an input end, and the numerical control attenuator controls signals; the output end of the amplifier 3 is connected with the input end of the pi decay 1; the output end of the pi attenuation 1 is connected with the input end of the numerical control attenuator 2; the output end of the numerical control attenuator 2 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 4, and the numerical control attenuator performs second numerical control attenuation control on signals; the output end of the amplifier 4 is connected with the output end of the pi attenuation 2; the output end of the pi attenuation 2 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 5; the output end of the amplifier 5 is connected with the output end of the equalizer 1; the output end of the equalizer 1 is connected with the input end of the filter 3, and the equalizer performs equalization processing on signals; the output end of the filter 3 is connected with the input end of the pi attenuation 3; the output end of the pi attenuation 3 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 6; the output end of the amplifier 6 is connected with the input end of the pi attenuation 4 and amplifies signals; and the output end of the pi attenuation 4 is used for processing the intermediate frequency plate at the later stage.
As shown in fig. 3, the transmission channel is composed of a filter 4, an amplifier 7, a pi attenuation 5, an amplifier 8, a pi attenuation 6, a temperature compensation attenuator 1, a mixer 2, a filter 6, a pi attenuation 7, an amplifier 10, a filter 5, an amplifier 9, a filter 7, a pi attenuation 8, an amplifier 11, a pi attenuation 9, an amplifier 12, a filter 8, an amplifier 13, and a coupler 1. The input end of the filter 4 is connected with the external signal input, the output end of the filter is connected with the input end of the amplifier 7, and the external input signal is filtered; the output end of the amplifier 7 is connected with the input end of the pi attenuation 5 to amplify the signal; the output end of the pi attenuation 5 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 8, so that the signal is subjected to large-small power control, and the matching between two stages of amplifier cascades is improved; the output end of the amplifier 8 is connected with the input end of the pi attenuation 6 to amplify the signal again; the output end of the pi attenuation 6 is connected with the input end of the temperature compensation attenuator 1; the output end of the temperature compensation attenuator 1 is connected with the IF input end of the mixer 2, so that the size stability of signals in a high-low constant-temperature state is ensured; the input end of the filter 6 is connected with the output end of the local oscillation module 16.4GHz, and the output end of the filter is connected with the input end of the pi attenuation 7 to filter local oscillation signals; the output end of the pi attenuation 7 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 10, the magnitude of a local oscillation signal is controlled, and the matching standing wave of the input end of the amplifier 10 is improved; the output end of the amplifier 10 is connected with the LO input end of the mixer 2, and is used for amplifying the local oscillation signal; the RF output end of the mixer 2 is connected with the input end of a filter 5; the output end of the filter 5 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 9, and the mixed signal is filtered; the output end of the amplifier 9 is connected with the input end of the filter 7, and the mixed signal is amplified; the output end of the filter 7 is connected with the input end of the pi attenuation 8 to filter the signal again; the output end of the pi attenuation 8 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 11; the output end of the amplifier 11 is connected with the input end of the pi attenuation 9 to amplify signals; the output end of the pi attenuation 9 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 12; the output end of the amplifier 12 is connected with the input end of the filter 8, and is used for amplifying signals to ensure that the post-stage amplifier can work normally; the output end of the filter 8 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 13, so that the signals entering the post-stage filter are ensured to be as clean as possible; the output end of the amplifier 13 is connected with the input end of the coupler 1; the output end of the coupler 1 is connected with the input end of the transmitting antenna.
As shown in fig. 4, the frequency source module is composed of a crystal oscillator 1, a sound meter filter 1, a power divider 6, an amplifier 16, a sound meter filter 2, an amplifier 17, a sound meter filter 3, an amplifier 18, a sound meter filter 4, an amplifier 19, a sound meter filter 5, a power divider 7, an amplifier 20, a sound meter filter 6, a filter 11, an amplifier 21, a filter 12, a frequency divider 1, a filter 10, a filter 13, a filter 14, a mixer 3, a sound meter filter 7, an amplifier 22, a sound meter filter 8, a sound meter filter 9, an amplifier 23, a filter 15, a filter 16, a filter 17, a filter 18, and a frequency multiplier 1. The output end of the crystal oscillator 1 is connected with the input end of the sound meter filter 1, and a reference signal is provided for the whole system; the output end of the acoustic meter filter 1 is connected with the input end of the power divider 6; one output end of the power divider 6 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 16 and is used as reference for a rear-stage 2GHz clock signal, and the other output end of the power divider 6 is connected with the input end of the frequency divider 1 and is used as reference for rear-stage 10MHz and 50MHz clock signals; the output end of the amplifier 16 is connected with the input end of the acoustic meter filter 2; the output end of the acoustic meter filter 2 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 17, and the output end of the acoustic meter filter takes a harmonic signal of 500MHz for a signal amplified at a previous stage; the output end of the amplifier 17 is connected with the input end of the sound meter filter and amplifies the harmonic signal of 500 MHz; the output end of the acoustic meter filter 3 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 18, and the pre-stage signal is filtered again; the output end of the amplifier 18 is connected with the input end of the sound meter filter 4, and the front-stage signal is subjected to saturation amplification, so that the extraction of the rear-stage harmonic signal is facilitated; the output end of the acoustic meter filter 4 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 19, and the harmonic signal of 2GHz is taken as the preceding-stage signal; the output end of the amplifier 19 is connected with the input end of the sound meter filter 5 and amplifies the preceding-stage signal; the output end of the acoustic meter filter 5 is connected with the input end of the power divider 7, and the signal is filtered again; one output end of the power divider 7 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 20 and is used for providing an external 2GHz clock signal, and the other output end of the power divider is connected with the input end of the amplifier 21 and is used for providing a rear-stage 16.4GHz signal; the output end of the amplifier 20 is connected with the input end of the acoustic meter filter 6; the output end of the acoustic meter filter 6 is connected with the input end of the filter 11; the output end of the filter 11 outputs a 2GHz clock signal to the outside; the output end of the amplifier 21 is connected with the input end of the filter 12; the output end of the filter 12 is connected with the LO input end of the mixer 3; one output end of the frequency divider 1 is connected with a filter 10; the output end of the filter 10 outputs a 10MHz signal to the outside; the other output end of the frequency divider 1 is connected with a filter 13; the output end of the filter 13 outputs a 50MHz clock signal to the outside; the third output end of the frequency divider 1 is connected with the filter 14; the output end of the filter 14 is connected with the IF input end of the mixer 3; the output end of the mixer 3 is connected with the input end of the sound meter filter 7, and the two paths of signals at the front stage are mixed to generate 2.05GHz signals; the output end of the acoustic meter filter 7 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 22, and the signal after frequency mixing is filtered; the output end of the amplifier 22 is connected with the input end of the acoustic meter filter 8; the output end of the acoustic meter filter 8 is connected with the input end of the acoustic meter filter 9; the output end of the acoustic meter filter 9 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 23, and the two-stage acoustic meter filter carries out filtering processing on the signal to ensure the stray requirement of the signal; the output end of the amplifier 23 is connected with the input end of the filter 15; the output end of the filter 15 is connected with the input end of the filter 16; the output end of the filter 16 is connected with the input end of the filter 17; the output end of the filter 17 is connected with the input end of the filter 18; the output end of the filter 18 is connected with the input end of the frequency multiplier 1, and the multi-stage high-pass and low-pass filters are combined for filtering to ensure the signal purity of the main signal; and the output end of the frequency multiplier 1 is connected with the input end of the filter 6 and outputs a 16.4GHz local oscillator signal.
As shown in fig. 5, the local oscillation power division network includes a filter 9, a power divider 1, a power divider 2, a pi attenuation 10, an amplifier 14, a power divider 3, a power divider 4, a power divider 5, an amplifier 15, a detector diode 1, and a voltage comparator 1. The input end of the filter 9 is connected with the coupling output end of the coupler 1, and the output end of the filter is connected with the input end of the power divider 1; one output end of the power divider 1 is connected with the input end of the detection diode 1; the output end of the detection diode 1 is connected with the input end of the voltage comparator 1; the output end of the voltage comparator 1 outputs a power detection high-low level result to the outside; the other output end of the power divider 1 is connected with the input end of the power divider 2; the output end of the power divider 2 is connected with the input end of the pi attenuation 10; the output end of the pi attenuation 10 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 14; the output end of the amplifier 14 is connected with the input end of the power divider 3; the output end of the power divider 3 is connected with the input end of the power divider 4; the output end of the power divider 4 is connected with the input end of the power divider 5; the output end of the power divider 5 is connected with the input end of the amplifier 15; the output terminal of the amplifier 15 is connected to the LO input terminal of the receive channel mixer 1, and provides a local oscillation signal for the receive channel.
Claims (2)
1. A 16-channel digital multi-beam transceiver front-end assembly, comprising: the system comprises a receiving antenna, a transmitting antenna, 16 receiving channels, 1 transmitting channel, 3 testing clock modules, 1 local oscillator module, a heat dissipation module and a power supply control module; the 16 receiving channels are respectively connected with the transmitting channel and the receiving antenna, the transmitting channel is connected with the transmitting antenna, the 16 receiving channels are connected with the heat dissipation module, the local oscillator module is connected with the transmitting channel, the power control module respectively supplies power to the transmitting channel, the 1 local oscillator module and the 3 testing clock module, the 3 testing clock module and the 1 local oscillator module are frequency sources, and the structures are multilayer three-dimensional hard connection;
signals received by the receiving antenna are subjected to primary frequency conversion through 16 paths of receiving channels respectively to realize the conversion from Ku wave band signals to intermediate frequency signals; the 1-path transmitting channel realizes the conversion from an intermediate frequency L wave band signal to a Ku wave band signal through one-time frequency conversion, and then is directly connected to a transmitting antenna; the test clock externally outputs 3 paths of test clock signals of required frequency points, so that the subsequent processing is facilitated; the local oscillator signal provides a frequency conversion local oscillator signal with high phase noise for the transmitting link; the power control part is an LDO power supply and realizes voltage stabilization, filtering and conversion from external input voltage to internal power supply voltage;
the receiving antenna, the transmitting antenna, the 16-path receiving channel, the transmitting channel, the 3-path testing clock module and the 1-path local oscillator module are of a multilayer structure, the first layer is the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna, and the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are arranged in the cavity; the second layer is a transmitting channel, a radio frequency part of 16 receiving channels and a power supply control module, the third layer is an intermediate frequency output, an intermediate frequency input, a 3-channel test clock module and a local oscillator module, the intermediate frequency output is connected with 16 receiving channel signals, and the intermediate frequency input is connected with transmitting channel signals; the fourth layer comprises a heat dissipation module; power supply and control signals among all layers are interconnected in a plug-in mode through a miniature low-frequency connector, and radio-frequency signals are interconnected through a radio-frequency insulator; the interiors of all layers are mainly interconnected through via holes;
the radio frequency part of the second layer is a high-frequency part, the high-frequency part takes an MMIC bare chip circuit as a core, and all MMIC bare chips and thin film circuits of the Ku waveband frequency conversion part are integrated on the soft substrate circuit in a high density; the third layer is a medium frequency part which takes a plurality of layers of microwave boards as carriers;
the local oscillation signal is a Ku waveband signal, and is subjected to multiple times of frequency multiplication, filtering and amplification and then sent to a frequency mixer to be subjected to frequency conversion with a corresponding signal;
the power control module in the second layer comprises a PCB (printed circuit board), an LDO (low dropout regulator) power module circuit, a power filter circuit, a control circuit, a cavity and an external low-frequency interface;
the frequency conversion circuit part comprises a radio frequency part of a second layer and an intermediate frequency input and an intermediate frequency output of a third layer, the frequency conversion circuit comprises a soft substrate board, a PCB board, a small cavity, an internal division bar, a large cavity, a receiving link, a transmitting link and a local oscillator link, wherein the local oscillator of the receiving link is provided through the coupling of the transmitting link.
2. The 16-channel digital multi-beam transceiver front-end assembly of claim 1, wherein: the MMIC bare chip circuit comprises amplification, filtering, frequency mixing and coupling of a transmitting link Ku waveband signal; amplitude limiting, amplification, filtering and frequency mixing of a receiving link Ku waveband signal; the power dividing, amplifying and power detecting circuit of the local oscillation power dividing link; the 16 receiving channels are divided into two cavities, each cavity is provided with 8 channels, each channel is a small cavity, the channels are separated by a spacing strip, and the transmitting channel is a single cavity and is not coplanar with the receiving channels.
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| CN109873655A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-06-11 | 西安茂德通讯科技有限公司 | Microwave transmitting and receiving channel components |
| CN110429952B (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2024-04-19 | 广东圣大电子有限公司 | Ku wave band comprehensive radio frequency receiving and transmitting system |
| CN110233639B (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2024-05-10 | 无锡华测电子系统有限公司 | Novel 36-channel X-band receiving and transmitting assembly |
| CN110460347B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2024-08-27 | 成都菲斯洛克电子技术有限公司 | Receiving channel plate based on spherical modularized digital array antenna and digital array antenna |
| CN113225021B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-07-29 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Ultra-wideband constant-temperature down converter |
| CN114204956B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2023-06-16 | 江苏屹信航天科技有限公司 | Miniaturized multifrequency section communication all-in-one |
| CN114244391B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-06-30 | 北京航天广通科技有限公司分公司 | Radio frequency assembly |
| CN114759940B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-04-11 | 无锡华睿芯微电子科技有限公司 | Front-end equipment for multichannel receiving and transmitting of X-band radio-frequency signals |
| CN115443018A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-12-06 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | S-band 48-channel tile-type integrated digital receiving assembly |
| CN115567070B (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-03-14 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 | Front end assembly capable of self-adapting to instantaneous dynamic expansion |
| CN116644695B (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2024-10-18 | 中国航天科工集团八五一一研究所 | L-band local oscillator integrated multichannel miniaturized variable frequency component design method |
| CN116938277B (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-12-15 | 中科海高(成都)电子技术有限公司 | Multichannel radio frequency front end and composite substrate |
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| CN103630894B (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | The control method of broadband multi-channel coherent radar imaging system |
| CN104506205B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2017-11-10 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of software radio receiver radio system |
| CN106603091B (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2022-11-01 | 成都瑞迪威科技有限公司 | Millimeter wave 16-channel transceiving frequency conversion channel component |
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