CN110745711A - Tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient to transition - Google Patents
Tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient to transition Download PDFInfo
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- CN110745711A CN110745711A CN201911197282.8A CN201911197282A CN110745711A CN 110745711 A CN110745711 A CN 110745711A CN 201911197282 A CN201911197282 A CN 201911197282A CN 110745711 A CN110745711 A CN 110745711A
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/06—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
- B66C23/78—Supports, e.g. outriggers, for mobile cranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/82—Luffing gear
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tower crane for wind power hoisting, which is convenient for transition and belongs to the technical field of hoisting machinery. The tower crane comprises a truss type underframe, a self-elevating jacking system, a bearing seat, a machine table, a folding type propeller strut, a crane boom, a rigid amplitude-changing cable system and a tower crane accessory, wherein the truss type underframe, the self-elevating jacking system, the bearing seat and the machine table are sequentially connected end to end from bottom to top, the folding type propeller strut is arranged at the middle rear part of the machine table, the crane boom is hinged to the front upper part of the machine table in a cantilever mode and shares a vertical surface with the folding type propeller strut, the rigid amplitude-changing cable system is. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient to transition has the advantages of high lifting height, convenience in transition, convenience in disassembly and assembly, convenience in transportation, structure optimization, reasonable stress, reliable quality, stable performance, convenience in maintenance and repair, low requirement on bearing capacity of a foundation, light dead weight, economy and practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hoisting machinery, and particularly relates to a tower crane for wind power hoisting, which is convenient for transition.
Background
The tower crane can quickly realize self-lifting by overlapping the heights of the standard sections of the tower body, has the advantages of small lifting height limit and large lifting range, and is widely applied to the field of buildings with high lifting height and frequent lifting. However, the tower crane often completes all hoisting operations at the same fixed position, so that the traditional tower crane generally adopts a multilayer and multi-channel attachment structure, most of the traditional tower crane needs to be prefabricated with a foundation in advance, and the tower crane is installed on the fixed foundation. That is to say, the traditional tower crane cannot realize rapid transition: before the tower crane is transported, most parts need to be completely disassembled, so that the disassembling amount is large, and the disassembling time is long; when the machine is transferred to the next station, firstly, a foundation needs to be prefabricated in advance, then, the assembly of all the parts is completed, then, the parts are in place and aligned, and then, the whole machine assembly is completed step by step, so that the assembly is troublesome, the time consumption is long, and the cost is high. Therefore, the traditional tower crane has complicated structure, is troublesome to disassemble, is inconvenient to assemble, has the limitation of the conditions that the chassis part needs a prefabricated foundation and the like, has complicated transition work and longer transition time, and cannot be applied to hoisting occasions with rapid transition, such as wind power hoisting construction sites.
For wind power hoisting engineering, the construction period of one fan is about 5-10 days, after hoisting is completed, a tower crane needs to be transferred to the next position for installing a new unit, and differences of different machine positions are large, so that hoisting operation in the field of wind power hoisting is mostly completed by adopting a mobile crane (such as a truck crane and a crawler crane) at present. However, the hoisting height of a mobile crane represented by a truck crane, a crawler crane and the like is often limited, and cannot meet the height development requirement of the current wind turbine generator, namely the height of the current wind turbine reaches 150m or even more than 160m, and the hoisting height range can only be met by a tower crane.
Therefore, in order to meet the increasing hoisting requirements of wind power generation sets, a tower crane for hoisting wind power, which has the advantages of high hoisting height, convenience in transition, convenience in disassembly and splicing, convenience in transportation, structural optimization, reasonable stress, reliable quality, stable performance, convenience in maintenance and overhaul, low requirement on bearing capacity of a foundation, light dead weight, economy and practicability and is convenient for transition, needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the tower crane for hoisting the wind power, which is convenient for transition aiming at the defects in the prior art. The invention has the advantages of high lifting height, convenient transition, convenient disassembly and splicing, convenient transportation, optimized structure, reasonable stress, reliable quality, stable performance, convenient maintenance, low requirement on the bearing capacity of the foundation, light dead weight, economy and practicality.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following technical measures:
the tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transition comprises a truss type underframe which is sequentially connected end to end from bottom to top (the truss type underframe has high rigidity and serves as an installation base of a tower crane, the self-standing height of the tower crane is greatly improved, the self-standing height of a tower body can be ensured to reach 110 m), a self-elevating jacking system, a bearing seat, a machine table, a folding herringbone frame which is arranged at the middle rear part of the machine table, a crane boom which is hinged at the front upper part of the machine table in a cantilever mode and shares a vertical plane with the folding herringbone frame, a rigid amplitude-changing cable system which is arranged right above the crane boom and is respectively connected with the head part of the crane boom and the folding herringbone frame at two ends, and tower crane accessories; (through furling or releasing a luffing steel wire rope in a rigid luffing inhaul cable system, the crane boom can be driven to face upward or lie downward, namely the working amplitude and the lifting height are changed through changing the elevation angle change of the crane boom; meanwhile, after the length of the crane boom is increased, the crane boom is made to face upward by matching with a luffing mechanism, the lifting height can be greatly increased, the lifting height when the crane is standing at 110m can reach 180m, namely, under the lower installation height, the large expansion of the lifting height is realized);
the truss type underframe comprises tower bottom foundation sections with the same cross sections as tower body standard sections (the truss type underframe is an installation foundation of the tower crane, when the tower crane is assembled for hoisting wind power, the tower bottom foundation sections are directly lapped on the tower body standard sections, the truss type underframe is simple to operate and convenient to use), the bottom of each tower bottom foundation section is supported in a butt joint mode, an intermediate connecting piece is formed by diagonal crosses of an upper connecting section and a lower part (the intermediate connecting piece is supported and connected with the tower bottom foundation sections through the upper connecting section, the intermediate connecting piece is hinged with four straight beams through the diagonal crosses to form a cross-shaped large underframe), four ends of the diagonal crosses are respectively hinged, and straight beams extending outwards (the straight beams can be quickly opened or closed according to the needs of work or transportation, and the truss type underframe has the advantages of being convenient to switch, convenient to assemble and disassemble, convenient to transport, easy to operate and convenient to use), and four inclined supports are respectively hinged between the top surfaces of the far ends of the four straight beams and the upper The support (the inclined support is connected with the base section chord member and the linear beam to form a right-angle large triangular support frame to bear the load of the upper part of the tower crane, so that the stress condition of the traditional main support by using the cross section of the tower bottom base section is greatly improved, the stress is reasonable, the structure is simple, the dead weight is light, the economy and the practicability are realized, four sets of supports and supporting legs are respectively supported at the bottom of the far end of the linear beam (the stress of the supporting legs during grounding is greatly reduced due to the relatively reasonable base distance, the requirement on the bearing capacity of the foundation is correspondingly greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the fixed tower body foundation is saved, so that the support is economical, practical and convenient to transfer; two long horizontal support rods are hinged and supported between the far ends of the four linear beams to form two opposite-vertex triangles (the long horizontal support rods surround two adjacent linear beams to form a stable triangular support, so that the linear beams and corresponding short beams in the diagonal cross are fixed into a straight line, the lateral stability of the linear beams is increased, and the load in the horizontal direction is transferred), and two short horizontal support rods are hinged between the middle part of each long horizontal support rod and two near-end ends of the diagonal cross (the rigidity of the triangular support is increased, and the load in the horizontal direction is transferred);
the folding type propeller strut is a propeller strut which is formed by hinging a front support and a rear pull rod at the top end and can be folded and unfolded (when in installation and use, the front support and the rear pull rod in the folding type propeller strut are unfolded according to a specified angle, and the roots of the front support and the rear pull rod are fixed on a machine table, when in disassembly and transportation, the connection between the roots of the front support and the rear pull rod and the machine table is only needed to be disassembled, and the propeller strut can be integrally stored and transported after being folded, so the folding type propeller strut greatly saves the assembly and disassembly time and the assembly and disassembly cost, has simple operation, is convenient to transport and is convenient to frequently and circularly use), the root of the rear pull rod is provided with a variable amplitude winch (in this way, the variable amplitude winch and the folding type propeller strut form a whole body to be used as a whole transportation unit and an installation unit, and troubles of frequent assembly and frequent disassembly are saved between the, the assembly and disassembly time is saved, the operation is simplified, the storage and the transportation are convenient), an inclined stay bar (capable of improving the rigidity of the front support) is hinged between the root of the rear pull rod and the middle lower part of the front support, a steering fixed pulley is mounted at the top of the front support (a variable amplitude steel wire rope extending from a variable amplitude winch changes the movement direction through the steering fixed pulley), and a backward tilting prevention device is hinged at the middle upper part of the front support (the backward tilting prevention device can prevent the crane boom from being excessively backward tilted to cause an accident when the tower crane works, the backward tilting prevention device can be folded and attached to the front plane of the front support when the tower crane works, and the backward tilting prevention;
the rigid amplitude-variable inhaul cable system comprises an amplitude-variable movable pulley block suspended right above the middle part of the crane boom, a segmented splicing type rigid amplitude-variable inhaul cable hinged between the amplitude-variable movable pulley block and the head part of the crane boom (the segmented structure is convenient to manufacture, overhaul and maintain, strong in corrosion resistance, difficult to age, long in service life, convenient to splice, quick to detach, convenient to transport and transition, reliable in quality and stable in performance), and an amplitude-variable steel wire rope which is wound between the amplitude-variable movable pulley block and the amplitude-variable winch and is reversed through a steering fixed pulley (the amplitude-variable steel wire rope is furled or unfolded through the amplitude-variable winch, so that the crane boom can be driven to face upwards or face downwards, namely the amplitude is; the segmental splicing type rigid luffing cable is a chain structure formed by sequentially and hingedly connecting a plurality of sections of pulling plates end to end through double-hole double-chain plates and pin shafts (when disassembly transportation is needed, only the pin shaft between adjacent sections of the pulling plates needs to be dismantled, when splicing is needed, only the adjacent ends of the two pulling plates need to be clamped by the double-hole double-chain plates, and the pin shafts are inserted in the pin holes in an aligned mode).
The number of the truss type underframe is two (each tower crane is provided with two truss type underframe with high rigidity, the second truss type underframe can be assembled and leveled at the next station in advance and can be synchronously disassembled and assembled with the tower crane at the previous station, when the upper structure and the body of the tower crane at the previous station are completely disassembled and assembled, the tower crane can be transported to a new station to be directly assembled above the second set of the leveled truss type underframe, the disassembling time of one set of the truss type underframe and the assembling and leveling time of the other set of the truss type underframe are saved in the transferring process, and therefore the transferring time is greatly saved and the transferring efficiency is improved).
The self-lifting jacking system comprises a plurality of sections of tower body standard sections, a sleeve frame, a standard section leading-in mechanism and a jacking oil cylinder (the quick vertical assembly of two adjacent sections of tower body standard sections can be quickly completed by means of the sleeve frame and the standard section leading-in mechanism, and the self-lifting of the sleeve frame can be smoothly realized by matching with the action of the jacking oil cylinder, so that the tower body is quickly lifted up).
The upper connecting section is composed of four vertically arranged connecting piece chords and connecting piece web members, and the bottoms of the four connecting piece chords are respectively fixed on the top surfaces of four ends of a diagonal cross (the four ends of the diagonal cross are used as a supporting base of the upper connecting section).
According to the invention, the hinge seats I and the hinge seats II are respectively and uniformly arranged at two ends of the I-shaped beam, the hinge seats I are hinged with the diagonal cross, the axes of the pin holes are in the vertical direction (the axes of the pin holes are in the vertical direction, and the pin shafts are in the vertical direction, so that the I-shaped beam can be ensured to horizontally rotate around the pin shafts, namely, the I-shaped beam can be quickly opened or closed according to the working or transportation requirement), the hinge seats II are hinged with the diagonal braces, and the axes of the pin holes are in the horizontal direction (can rotate along the vertical surface in the installation process of the diagonal braces).
The support in the invention is a quadrangular frustum pyramid structure consisting of a lower bottom plate, an upper bottom plate, vertical rib plates and sealing plates (the frustum pyramid structure with a large lower part and a small upper part is convenient for uniformly and dispersedly transferring upper load to lower support legs), and the lower bottom plate extends outwards beyond the lower edges of the sealing plates (is convenient for pressing blocks to quickly press the lower bottom plate).
The support leg is of a cuboid box-shaped structure (the load can be uniformly transmitted to the ground), and a positioning strip (the lower bottom plate can be quickly positioned conveniently) and a pressing block (the lower bottom plate can be quickly pressed) are arranged on the support leg.
The double-hole double-chain plate is two completely identical chain plates which are used in a matched mode, the appearance of each chain plate is in the shape of a chain plate in a bicycle chain, and chain plate pin holes matched with pin shafts are machined in the centers of circular arcs at two ends of each double-hole double-chain plate (the pin shafts are guaranteed to be smoothly penetrated and installed).
In the invention, steel plate pin holes matched with the pin shafts are processed at both ends of the pulling plate (ensuring that the pin shafts are smoothly penetrated and installed).
The design principle of the invention is as follows:
the tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient to transition has the advantages of high lifting height, convenience in transition, convenience in disassembly and assembly, convenience in transportation, structure optimization, reasonable stress, reliable quality, stable performance, convenience in maintenance and repair, low requirement on bearing capacity of a foundation, light dead weight, economy and practicability.
The optimization structure is as follows: the invention adopts the truss type underframe with high rigidity, greatly improves the self-supporting height of the tower crane and can ensure that the self-supporting height of the tower body reaches 110 m. The truss type underframe is a cross type large underframe which can be quickly opened or closed according to the work or transportation requirements and is formed by the diagonal cross at the lower part of the middle connecting piece and the four straight beams which are hinged and connected, can be integrally transported without being disassembled, and has the advantages of convenient transition, convenient transportation, simple operation and convenient use; the truss type underframe supports the tower bottom foundation section through the upper connecting section of the middle connecting piece, and when the wind power hoisting tower crane is assembled, the standard section of the tower body is directly lapped above the tower bottom foundation section, so that the operation is simple and the use is convenient; meanwhile, the truss type underframe of the invention is hinged and supported with four inclined struts between the far ends of the four straight beams and the upper parts of the base section chords at the corresponding sides of the base section of the tower bottom to form four right-angle large triangular support frames composed of the base section chords, the inclined struts and the straight beams, thus the cross-shaped large underframe, the large triangular support frame and the tower bottom foundation section form a large rigidity body, the vertical load and the bending moment of the tower body can be borne, the vertical load on the upper part of the tower crane is transferred to the inclined support, the cross-shaped large underframe and the supporting legs through the base joint chord member and the web member of the tower bottom base joint, the stress condition of the traditional tower bottom base joint cross section as the main support is greatly improved, in addition, because the inclined support and the cross-shaped large underframe only need to bear the tension and the pressure, therefore, the truss type underframe can greatly increase the structural rigidity of the underframe and reduce the weight of the underframe. Meanwhile, the long stay bar and the short stay bar enclose a stable triangular support together with the linear beam and the diagonal cross in the horizontal direction, so that the lateral stability of the linear beam is improved, and the load in the horizontal direction is transferred. In addition, the truss type is supported at the bottom of the far end of the linear beam through the four sets of supports and the supporting legs respectively, the relatively reasonable large base distance enables the stress of each supporting leg during grounding to be greatly reduced, accordingly, the requirement on the bearing capacity of a foundation is greatly reduced, meanwhile, a fixed tower body foundation is omitted, and the truss type ground connection supporting device is economical, practical and convenient to transition. In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of convenient transition, convenient assembly and disassembly, convenient transportation, simple operation, convenient use, reasonable stress, low requirement on the bearing capacity of the foundation, simple structure, light dead weight, economy and practicality.
The optimization structure is two: the folding herringbone frame is adopted, and only the herringbone frame needs to be unfolded or folded and fixed during installation or disassembly, so that the assembling and disassembling time and the assembling and disassembling cost are greatly saved, the operation is simple, the transportation is convenient, and the frequent recycling is convenient. More specifically, the front support and the rear pull rod are hinged at the top end to form the folding and unfolding propeller strut, so that when the propeller strut is installed and used, the front support and the rear pull rod in the folding propeller strut are unfolded according to a specified angle, and the roots of the front support and the rear pull rod are fixed on a machine table; when the propeller strut is disassembled for transportation, the propeller strut can be integrally stored and transported after being folded by only disassembling the connection between the root parts of the front support and the rear pull rod and the machine table. Meanwhile, the folding propeller strut integrally designs the winch and the propeller strut to form an integral transportation unit and an integral installation unit, so that the troubles of frequent assembly and disassembly are saved between the winch and the propeller strut, the assembly and disassembly time is saved, the operation is simplified, and the storage and the transportation are convenient. In addition, the folding propeller strut in the invention directly forms a stable and easily-positioned right-angle triangular support by the rear pull rod and the front support matched machine table, and replaces the structural mode that the obtuse-angle triangular support formed by the front support and the middle support in the traditional propeller strut structure is difficult to position and a rear pull rope is required to be matched with the machine table (see figure 13 in detail), so that the rear pull rope is not required, the rear pull rope is cancelled, the installation and positioning and disassembly operations are greatly simplified, and the assembly and disassembly time is saved.
The optimization structure is three: the invention adopts a movable arm amplitude-changing structure which is composed of a crane arm and a rigid amplitude-changing inhaul cable system, and controls an amplitude-changing steel wire rope to fold or unfold through an amplitude-changing winch to drive the crane arm to face upwards or lie downwards, namely, the working amplitude and the lifting height are changed by changing the change of the elevation angle of the crane arm; in addition, the lifting height of the tower crane is increased and the self-supporting height of the tower body is reduced by increasing the length of the cargo boom. More specifically, the movable arm amplitude-changing structure of the invention adopts the optimized segmented splicing type rigid amplitude-changing guy cable to replace a rope type guy cable in the traditional amplitude-changing system, namely, a plurality of segments of high-strength pull plates are sequentially hinged and connected with the head and the tail of a pin shaft through double-hole double-chain plates to form the rigid amplitude-changing guy cable with a chain structure, so that the amplitude-changing movable pulley block is connected with the head of a cargo boom together: because the sectional splicing type rigid amplitude-variable stay cable adopts a sectional structure, the sectional splicing type rigid amplitude-variable stay cable is convenient to manufacture, convenient to maintain and free of integral scrapping when a certain section has problems, has strong corrosion resistance, is not easy to age, has long service life, reliable quality and stable performance, can be spliced or disassembled quickly by inserting or disassembling the pin shaft, is convenient to operate and is convenient to transport and transfer. Meanwhile, the amplitude-variable steel wire rope is wound between the amplitude-variable movable pulley block and the amplitude-variable winch and is reversed through the steering fixed pulley, so that the amplitude-variable steel wire rope can be controlled to be folded or unfolded through the amplitude-variable winch, the crane boom is driven to face upwards or lie downwards, and the working amplitude and the lifting height of the tower crane are changed.
In addition, the invention also adopts an auxiliary optimization module, wherein each tower crane is provided with two sets of truss type bottom frames with large rigidity, thereby greatly saving the transition time and improving the transition efficiency. Because the truss type underframe is used as the installation foundation of the tower crane, in order to ensure the safety of the tower crane, the truss type underframe needs to be leveled before the tower body is installed, and certain time also needs to be consumed. Each tower crane is provided with two sets of truss type underframe, so that the underframe leveling work of the next station can be synchronously carried out when the tower crane is dismounted and mounted at the previous station, and the tower crane can be transported to the next station to be directly assembled above the other set of leveled truss type underframe after the upper structure and the tower body of the tower crane are dismounted and mounted, so that the dismounting time of one set of truss type underframe and the assembling and leveling time of the other set of truss type underframe are saved in the process of transferring, the transferring time is greatly saved, and the transferring efficiency is improved.
In addition, the invention also continues to use the self-elevating jacking system of the traditional tower crane, which consists of a plurality of sections of tower body standard sections, a sleeve frame and a standard section leading-in mechanism: firstly, sleeving and connecting the middle lower part of a sleeve frame on a tower body standard joint which is already installed in place; then, hoisting the tower body standard knot to be installed to the height to be installed, moving the tower body standard knot to the right upper part of the sleeve frame by virtue of the standard knot introducing mechanism, slowly dropping the tower body standard knot into the inner cavity of the sleeve frame, quickly positioning the tower body standard knot which is installed in place at the lower part by utilizing the sleeve frame, and quickly fixing the two tower body standard knots after positioning; then, swinging the movable lower ends of the jacking oil cylinders into chord jacking pedals on the corresponding sides, starting jacking switches of the jacking oil cylinders, enabling cylinder rods of the jacking oil cylinders to extend for jacking, and jacking the sleeve frame upwards by the height of a standard section of the tower body; and connecting and fixing the sleeve frame and the tower body standard knot which is already installed in place, enabling the jacking oil cylinder to contract and return to the place, and swinging the movable lower end of the jacking oil cylinder back to the initial position of the sleeve frame. This completes a complete jacking action. Repeating the operation, and continuously raising the next tower body standard section until the required assembly of the tower body standard section is completed.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention provides a tower crane for wind power hoisting, which is convenient for transition. The invention has the advantages of high lifting height, convenient transition, convenient disassembly and splicing, convenient transportation, optimized structure, reasonable stress, reliable quality, stable performance, convenient maintenance, low requirement on the bearing capacity of the foundation, light dead weight, economy and practicality.
The invention is widely applied to the movable arm type tower crane, has obvious effect and is embodied as follows:
the installation time of the traditional tower crane is generally 10-15 days, but the installation time of the tower crane can be reduced to 3-5 days, and the requirements of quick transition and lifting height of wind power lifting are completely met. The tower crane can ensure that the self-supporting height of the tower body reaches 110m through the truss type underframe; the tower crane changes the hoisting height by increasing the crane boom and changing the elevation angle change of the crane boom by matching with the luffing mechanism, so that the hoisting height can reach 180m when the self-support is at 110m, namely, the hoisting height is greatly expanded under the lower installation height. According to engineering verification: when the hoisting device is used for hoisting, each fan can save 50 ten thousand yuan of hoisting cost, and the hoisting device has a very good market prospect.
Taking a wind power moving arm type tower crane with the lifting capacity of 100 tons as an example, 2 rear inhaul cables with the lengths of 20 meters and the diameters of 60 millimeters, aluminum alloy joints and pin shafts are eliminated, 0.8 ten thousand yuan is saved, the original 2-vehicle transportation of a front support, a rear pull rod and a winch is changed into 1-vehicle transportation during long-distance transportation, 0.8 ten thousand yuan is saved every 1000 kilometers, 2 days of original 3 workers are changed into 0.5 days of 2 workers once during field installation and disassembly, the labor cost is 350 yuan/person/day, 3 x 2-2 x 0.5 x 350 x 40=70000 yuan is saved, and 8.6 ten thousand yuan is totally added, wherein 40 fans are calculated in each wind power plant. Meanwhile, the installation task and the power generation are completed in advance, and the social benefit and the economic benefit are good.
Taking a jib crane with the lifting capacity of 130 tons as an example, a traditional luffing inhaul cable uses 2 high-strength steel wire ropes with the length of 70 meters and the diameter of 60 millimeters, the two high-strength steel wire ropes are respectively folded, four ends of the two high-strength steel wire ropes are pressed and sleeved by aluminum alloy, the manufacturing cost is 0.5 ten thousand yuan, the cost of a balance wheel and a connecting piece is 0.6 ten thousand yuan, the assembly, disassembly, detection and maintenance cost before and after each project is 0.4 yuan, the total cost of 6 years (4 projects) with the service life of (0.5 +0.6+4 x 0.4) =2.7 ten thousand yuan, and the cost of 20 years of use is 9 ten thousand yuan; after the rigid pulling plate is used, the weight is 4.5 tons, the manufacturing cost is 4 ten thousand yuan, the service life is 20 years, obviously in the life cycle of the tower crane, the rigid pulling cable can be saved by 5 thousand yuan compared with the flexible pulling cable, the device is safe, reliable, scientific, practical, simple and convenient to manufacture, maintain, detect and transport, the installation efficiency is improved, the economy is good, the manufacturing significance of the swing arm crane is great when the device is popularized and applied, and the social benefit and the economic benefit are obvious.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of the use state of the invention before and after amplitude variation.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a truss-type underframe according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the state of the linear beam and the intermediate connecting member in the folded transportation of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a linear beam according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a top view of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the stand according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a top view of fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a leg according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a top view of fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a structural view of a conventional propeller strut.
Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the folding type herringbone frame in the using state.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view showing a state of the folding type herringbone frame in the folding transportation of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a sectional splicing type rigid amplitude-variable cable and an amplitude-variable movable pulley block in the invention.
Fig. 18 is a top view of fig. 17.
The sequence numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. 1-1 truss type underframe, 1-1 tower bottom foundation section, 1-1-1 foundation section chord member, 1-2 diagonal brace, 1-3I beam, 1-3-1 hinge base I, 1-3-2 hinge base II, 1-4 hinge base II, support base, 1-4-1 lower base plate, 1-4-2 upper base plate, 1-4-3 vertical rib plate, 1-4-4 sealing plate, 1-5 sealing plate, support leg, 1-5-1 positioning strip, 1-5-2 positioning block, 1-6 middle connecting piece, 1-6-1 upper connecting section, 1-6-1-1 connecting piece chord member, 1-6-1-2 connecting piece web member, 1-6-2 base section chord member, 1-2 diagonal brace member, 1-6-2 diagonal brace member, A diagonal cross 1-7, a horizontal long brace rod 1-8, a horizontal short brace rod; 2. 2-1 parts of a self-lifting jacking system, 2-2 parts of a tower body standard section, 2-3 parts of a sleeve frame, 2-4 parts of a standard section leading-in mechanism, 2-5 parts of a jacking oil cylinder and 2-5 parts of a chord jacking pedal; 3. a bearing seat; 4. a machine platform; 5. 5-1 parts of a folding type propeller strut, 5-2 parts of a front support, 5-3 parts of a rear pull rod, 5-4 parts of a variable amplitude winch, 5-5 parts of an inclined strut, 5-5 parts of a steering fixed pulley, 5-6 parts of an anti-back-tipping device; 6. the device comprises a crane boom, 7, a rigid amplitude variation inhaul cable system, 7-1, a segmented splicing type rigid amplitude variation inhaul cable, 7-1-1, a pulling plate, 7-1-2, a double-hole double-chain plate, 7-1-3, a pin shaft, 7-2, an amplitude variation movable pulley block, 7-3, an amplitude variation steel wire rope, 8, a rear inhaul cable of a traditional propeller strut, 9 and a middle support of the traditional propeller strut.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1-12 and 14-18, the tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient to transition comprises a truss type underframe (1) which is sequentially connected end to end from bottom to top (the truss type underframe (1) has high rigidity and serves as an installation foundation of a tower crane, the self-standing height of the tower crane is greatly improved, the self-standing height of a tower body can be ensured to reach 110m, a self-lifting jacking system (2), a bearing seat (3) and a machine platform (4), a folding herringbone frame (5) which is located at the middle rear part of the machine platform, a cargo boom (6) which is hinged to the front upper part of the machine platform in a cantilever manner and is in a common vertical plane with the folding herringbone frame, a rigid amplitude-changing guy cable system (7) which is arranged right above the cargo boom (6) and two ends of which are respectively connected with the head of the cargo boom and the folding herringbone frame; (through furling or releasing an amplitude-variable steel wire rope (7-3) in a rigid amplitude-variable inhaul cable system (7), a crane boom (6) can be driven to face upward or face downward, namely the working amplitude and the lifting height are changed by changing the elevation angle change of the crane boom; meanwhile, after the length of the crane boom (6) is increased, the crane boom is made to face upward by matching with an amplitude-variable mechanism, the lifting height can be greatly increased, the lifting height when the crane is standing at 110m can reach 180m, namely, under the lower installation height, the large expansion of the lifting height is realized);
the truss type underframe (1) comprises a tower bottom foundation section (1-1) with the same cross section as a tower body standard section (the truss type underframe (1) is an installation foundation of a tower crane, when the tower crane is assembled for hoisting wind power, the tower bottom standard section (2-1) is directly lapped above the tower bottom foundation section (1-1), the operation is simple, the use is convenient, an intermediate connecting piece (1-6) (the intermediate connecting piece (1-6) is supported below the tower bottom foundation section (1-1) in a butt joint mode and is composed of an upper connecting section (1-6-1) and a diagonal cross (1-6-2) at the lower part, the tower bottom foundation section (1-1) is supported and connected through the upper connecting section (1-6-1), the intermediate connecting piece (1-6) is hinged with four straight beams (1-3) through the diagonal cross (1-6-2) to form a cross type big underframe, the four straight beams (1-3) (the straight beams (1-3) which can be quickly opened or closed according to the needs of work or transportation) are respectively hinged at the four ends of the diagonal cross (1-6-2) and extend outwards, the four straight beams have the advantages of convenient transition, convenient assembly and disassembly, convenient transportation, simple operation and convenient use, the four inclined supports (1-2) (the inclined supports (1-2) are respectively hinged between the top surfaces of the far ends of the four straight beams (1-3) and the upper parts of the base section chords (1-1-1) at the corresponding sides of the tower bottom base sections (1-1) to form a right-angle large triangular support frame after the inclined supports (1-2) are connected with the base section chords (1-1-1) and the straight beams (1-3) to bear the load at the upper part of the tower crane, the stress condition of the traditional main support by the cross section of the tower bottom base sections (1-1) is, the stress is reasonable, the structure is simple, the dead weight is light, the economy and the practicability are realized, four sets of supports (1-4) and supporting legs (1-5) which are respectively supported at the bottom of the far end of the linear beam (1-3) (the stress when the supporting legs (1-5) are grounded is greatly reduced due to the relatively reasonable base distance, the requirement on the bearing capacity of the foundation is correspondingly greatly reduced, and meanwhile, a fixed tower body foundation is saved, so that the economy, the practicability and the convenience in transition are realized); after two horizontal long support rods (1-7) are hinged and supported between the far ends of the four straight beams (1-3), two opposite-vertex triangles are formed (the horizontal long support rods (1-7) surround the two adjacent straight beams (1-3) to form a stable triangular support, so that the straight beams (1-3) and corresponding short beams in the diagonal cross (1-6-2) are fixed to form a straight line, the lateral stability of the straight beams (1-3) is improved, the load in the horizontal direction is transferred, and two horizontal short support rods (1-8) are hinged between the middle part of each horizontal long support rod (1-7) and two near-end ends of the diagonal cross (1-6-2) (the rigidity of the triangular support is improved, and the load in the horizontal direction is transferred);
the folding propeller strut (5) is a propeller strut which is formed by hinging a front support (5-1) and a rear pull rod (5-2) at the top end and can be folded and unfolded (when the propeller strut is installed and used, only the front support (5-1) and the rear pull rod (5-2) in the folding propeller strut (5) are unfolded according to a specified angle, and the roots of the front support (5-1) and the rear pull rod (5-2) are fixed on a machine table (4), when the propeller strut is disassembled and transported, the propeller strut can be integrally stored and transported after the propeller strut is folded by only disassembling the connection between the roots of the front support (5-1) and the rear pull rod (5-2) and the machine table (4), therefore, the folding propeller strut greatly saves the assembling and disassembling time and the assembling and disassembling cost, is simple to operate, convenient to transport and convenient to frequently recycle, a winch (5-3) is installed at the root of the rear pull rod (2) (in this way, the amplitude-variable winch (5-3) and the folding type propeller strut (5) form a whole as a whole transportation unit and an installation unit, the trouble of frequent assembly and disassembly is saved between the two units, the assembly and disassembly time is saved, the operation is simplified, the storage and the transportation are convenient, an inclined stay bar (5-4) (capable of improving the rigidity of the front bracket (5-1) is hinged between the root of the rear pull rod (5-2) and the middle lower part of the front bracket (5-1), a steering fixed pulley (5-5) (a variable amplitude steel wire rope (7-3) extending from the amplitude-variable winch (5-3) changes the movement direction through the steering fixed pulley (5-5)) is arranged at the top of the front bracket, a backward tilting prevention device (5-6) (the backward tilting prevention device (5-6) can prevent the crane boom (6) from excessively backward tilting to cause accidents when the tower crane works, the backward tilting prevention device (5-6) can be folded and attached to the front plane of the front support (5-1) during transportation, and can be automatically put down to prevent the crane arm (6) from excessively backward tilting during working;
the rigid amplitude-variable inhaul cable system (7) comprises an amplitude-variable movable pulley block (7-2) suspended right above the middle part of the crane boom (6), a segmented splicing type rigid amplitude-variable inhaul cable (7-1) hinged between the amplitude-variable movable pulley block (7-2) and the head part of the crane boom (6) (the segmented structure is convenient to manufacture, convenient to overhaul and maintain, strong in corrosion resistance, not easy to age and long in service life, meanwhile, the segmented structure is convenient to splice, fast to disassemble, convenient to transport and transition, reliable in quality and stable in performance), and an amplitude-variable steel wire rope (7-3) wound between the amplitude-variable movable pulley block (7-2) and the amplitude-variable winch (5-3) and reversed through a steering fixed pulley (5-5) (the amplitude-variable steel wire rope is furled or released through the amplitude-variable winch, so that the crane boom (, i.e., by varying boom elevation changes); the segmental splicing type rigid amplitude-variable inhaul cable (7-1) is a chain-shaped structure formed by sequentially and hingedly connecting a plurality of segments of pulling plates (7-1-1) end to end through double-hole double-chain plates (7-1-2) and pin shafts (7-1-3) (when disassembly transportation is needed, only the pin shafts between adjacent segments of the pulling plates are needed to be disassembled, and when splicing is needed, only the double-hole double-chain plates are used for clamping the adjacent ends of the two pulling plates, and the pin shafts are inserted in the pin holes in an aligned mode).
According to the invention, the number of the truss type underframe (1) is two (each tower crane is provided with two truss type underframe with high rigidity, the second truss type underframe (1) can be assembled and leveled at the next station in advance, and can be synchronously disassembled and assembled with the tower crane at the previous station, when the upper structure and the body of the tower crane at the previous station are completely disassembled and assembled, the tower crane can be transported to a new station to be directly assembled above the second truss type underframe which is leveled, so that the disassembling time of one truss type underframe and the assembling and leveling time of the other truss type underframe are saved in the transferring process, the transferring time is greatly saved, and the transferring efficiency is improved).
The self-lifting jacking system (2) comprises a plurality of sections of tower body standard sections (2-1), a sleeve frame (2-2), a standard section leading-in mechanism (2-3) and a jacking oil cylinder (2-4) (by means of the sleeve frame (2-2) and the standard section leading-in mechanism (2-3), two adjacent sections of tower body standard sections (2-1) can be quickly assembled up and down, and the sleeve frame (2-2) can be smoothly self-lifted under the action of the jacking oil cylinder (2-4), so that the tower body is quickly heightened.
The upper connecting section (1-6-1) is composed of four vertically arranged connecting piece chords (1-6-1-1) and connecting piece web members (1-6-1-2), and the bottoms of the four connecting piece chords (1-6-1-1) are respectively fixed on the top surfaces of four ends of a diagonal cross (1-6-2) (the four ends of the diagonal cross (1-6-2) are used as a supporting base of the upper connecting section (1-6-1)).
According to the invention, the hinge seat I (1-3-1) and the hinge seat II (1-3-2) are uniformly arranged at two ends of the straight beam (1-3), the hinge seat I (1-3-1) is hinged with the diagonal cross (1-6-2), the axis of the pin hole is in the vertical direction (the axis of the pin hole is in the vertical direction, and the pin shaft is in the vertical direction), so that the straight beam (1-3) can horizontally rotate around the pin shaft, namely can be rapidly opened or closed according to the requirements of work or transportation), the hinge seat II (1-3-2) is hinged with the inclined support (1-2), and the axis of the pin hole is in the horizontal direction (can rotate along the vertical surface in the installation process of the inclined support (1-2).
The support (1-4) is a quadrangular frustum pyramid structure (the frustum pyramid structure with a large lower part and a small upper part is convenient for uniformly and dispersedly transmitting upper load to lower support legs) consisting of a lower base plate (1-4-1), an upper base plate (1-4-2), a vertical rib plate (1-4-3) and a sealing plate (1-4-4), and the lower base plate (1-4-1) extends outwards out of the lower edge of the sealing plate (1-4-4) (is convenient for a pressing block (1-5-2) to quickly press the lower base plate (1-4-1)).
According to the invention, the supporting legs (1-5) are of a cuboid box-shaped structure (facilitating uniform load transmission to the ground), and the positioning strips (1-5-1) (facilitating rapid positioning of the lower bottom plate (1-4-1)) and the pressing blocks (1-5-2) (used for rapidly pressing the lower bottom plate (1-4-1)) are arranged on the supporting legs (1-5).
The double-hole double-chain plate (7-1-2) is two completely identical chain plates which are used in a matched mode, the appearance of each chain plate is in the shape of a chain plate in a bicycle chain, and chain plate pin holes matched with the pin shafts (7-1-3) are formed in the centers of circular arcs at two ends of the double-hole double-chain plate in a matched mode (the pin shafts are guaranteed to be smoothly installed in a penetrating mode).
In the invention, steel plate pin holes matched with the pin shafts (7-1-3) are processed at both ends of the pulling plate (7-1-1) (so as to ensure the pin shafts to be smoothly mounted in a penetrating way).
The specific use cases of the invention are as follows:
and after the last fan is hoisted, disassembling and disassembling the tower crane according to the functional module, and meanwhile, assembling and leveling another truss type underframe at the next station. After the disassembly and assembly of the upper structure and the body of the tower crane at the previous station are finished, the upper structure and the body of the tower crane can be transported and transferred to a new station to be assembled above the second set of the leveled truss type underframe: the method is characterized in that the sleeve frame (2-2) and the standard section leading-in mechanism (2-3) in the self-lifting jacking system (2) are used for rapidly assembling the standard sections (2-1) of two adjacent sections of tower bodies up and down, and the self-lifting of the sleeve frame (2-2) can be smoothly realized by matching with the function of the jacking oil cylinder (2-4), so that the tower bodies are rapidly heightened. Then, the bearing seat (3) and the machine table (4) are overlapped above the tower body. Then, a folding type propeller strut (5) is arranged at the middle rear part above the machine table (4), a cargo boom (6) is hinged to the front upper part of the machine table and connected between the head of the cargo boom and the folding type propeller strut (5), the cargo boom (6) and the rigid amplitude-variable inhaul cable system (7) are located in the same vertical plane. Thus, the tower crane assembly is quickly completed at the second station. And repeating the operation when the hoisting is finished and the transition is needed again.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a tower crane is used in wind-powered electricity generation hoist and mount convenient to transition which characterized in that: the crane comprises a truss type underframe (1), a self-elevating jacking system (2), a bearing seat (3), a machine table (4), a folding type propeller strut (5) which is arranged at the middle rear part of the machine table, a crane boom (6) which is hinged at the front upper part of the machine table in a cantilever manner and shares the same elevation with the folding type propeller strut, a rigid variable amplitude inhaul cable system (7) which is arranged right above the crane boom (6) and is respectively connected with the head part of the crane boom and the folding type propeller strut (5) at two ends, and a tower crane accessory which are sequentially connected end to end from bottom to top;
the truss type underframe (1) comprises a tower bottom base section (1-1) with the same section as the standard section of the tower body, the middle connecting piece (1-6) is supported below the bottom of the tower bottom base section (1-1) in a butt joint mode and consists of an upper connecting section (1-6-1) and a diagonal cross (1-6-2) at the lower part, the straight beams (1-3) are hinged to four ends of the diagonal cross (1-6-2) respectively and extend outwards, the four inclined supports (1-2) are hinged between the top surfaces of the far ends of the four straight beams (1-3) and the upper parts of the base section chord rods (1-1-1) at the corresponding sides of the tower bottom base section (1-1) respectively, and the four sets of supports (1-4) and the four sets of supporting legs (1-5) are supported at the bottom of the far ends of the straight beams (1-3) respectively; two long horizontal support rods (1-7) are hinged and supported between the far ends of the four straight beams (1-3) to form two opposite-vertex triangles, and two short horizontal support rods (1-8) are hinged between the middle part of each long horizontal support rod (1-7) and two near-end ends of the diagonal cross (1-6-2);
the foldable propeller strut (5) is a propeller strut which is formed by a front support (5-1) and a rear pull rod (5-2) after being hinged at the top end and can be folded and unfolded, a variable-amplitude winch (5-3) is installed at the root part of the rear pull rod (2), an inclined stay bar (5-4) is hinged between the root part of the rear pull rod (5-2) and the middle lower part of the front support (5-1), a steering fixed pulley (5-5) is installed at the top part of the front support, and a backward tilting prevention device (5-6) is hinged at the middle upper part of the front support;
the rigid amplitude-variable inhaul cable system (7) comprises an amplitude-variable movable pulley block (7-2) suspended right above the middle part of the crane boom (6), a segmented splicing type rigid amplitude-variable inhaul cable (7-1) hinged between the amplitude-variable movable pulley block (7-2) and the head part of the crane boom (6), and an amplitude-variable steel wire rope (7-3) wound between the amplitude-variable movable pulley block (7-2) and the amplitude-variable winch (5-3) and reversed by a steering fixed pulley (5-5); the segmental splicing type rigid amplitude-variable inhaul cable (7-1) is a chain structure formed by sequentially hinging a plurality of segmental pulling plates (7-1-1) end to end through double-hole double-chain plates (7-1-2) and pin shafts (7-1-3).
2. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the truss type underframe (1) is two.
3. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tower comprises a plurality of tower body standard sections (2-1), a sleeve frame (2-2), a standard section leading-in mechanism (2-3) and a jacking oil cylinder (2-4).
4. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper connecting section (1-6-1) is composed of four vertically arranged connecting piece chords (1-6-1-1) and connecting piece web members (1-6-1-2), and the bottoms of the four connecting piece chords (1-6-1-1) are respectively fixed on the top surfaces of four ends of the diagonal cross (1-6-2).
5. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hinge base I (1-3-1) and the hinge base II (1-3-2) are uniformly arranged at two ends of the straight beam (1-3), the hinge base I (1-3-1) is hinged with the diagonal cross (1-6-2), the axis of a pin hole is in the vertical direction, the hinge base II (1-3-2) is hinged with the diagonal support (1-2), and the axis of the pin hole is in the horizontal direction.
6. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the support (1-4) is of a quadrangular frustum pyramid structure consisting of a lower base plate (1-4-1), an upper base plate (1-4-2), a stud plate (1-4-3) and a sealing plate (1-4-4), and the lower base plate (1-4-1) extends outwards beyond the lower edge of the sealing plate (1-4-4).
7. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the support legs (1-5) are of cuboid box-shaped structures, and the positioning strips (1-5-1) and the pressing blocks (1-5-2) are arranged on the support legs (1-5).
8. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the double-hole double-chain plate (7-1-2) is two identical chain plates which are used in a matched mode, the appearance of each chain plate is in the shape of a chain plate in a bicycle chain, and chain plate pin holes matched with the pin shafts (7-1-3) are machined in the centers of circular arcs at two ends of the double-hole double-chain plate.
9. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transition as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and steel plate pin holes matched with the pin shafts (7-1-3) are processed at both ends of the pulling plate (7-1-1).
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| CN201911197282.8A CN110745711B (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Tower crane convenient to transfer for wind power hoisting |
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| CN209276035U (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-08-20 | 元力通(天津)新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of self-supporting superelevation Lift-on/Lift-off System |
| CN211470589U (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-09-11 | 华电郑州机械设计研究院有限公司 | Tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient to transition |
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