CN110745711B - Tower crane convenient to transfer for wind power hoisting - Google Patents
Tower crane convenient to transfer for wind power hoisting Download PDFInfo
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- CN110745711B CN110745711B CN201911197282.8A CN201911197282A CN110745711B CN 110745711 B CN110745711 B CN 110745711B CN 201911197282 A CN201911197282 A CN 201911197282A CN 110745711 B CN110745711 B CN 110745711B
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- WSNMPAVSZJSIMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N COc1c(C)c2COC(=O)c2c(O)c1CC(O)C1(C)CCC(=O)O1 Chemical compound COc1c(C)c2COC(=O)c2c(O)c1CC(O)C1(C)CCC(=O)O1 WSNMPAVSZJSIMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/06—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
- B66C23/78—Supports, e.g. outriggers, for mobile cranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/82—Luffing gear
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tower crane for wind power hoisting, which is convenient for transferring, and belongs to the technical field of hoisting machinery. The tower crane comprises a truss type underframe, a self-elevating jacking system, a bearing seat and a machine table which are sequentially connected end to end from bottom to top, a folding type propeller strut which is arranged at the middle and rear part of the machine table, a crane arm hinged at the front upper part of the machine table in a cantilever mode and co-vertical with the folding type propeller strut, a rigid amplitude cable system which is arranged right above the crane arm and is respectively connected with the head part of the crane arm and the folding type propeller strut at two ends, and a tower crane accessory. The tower crane for wind power hoisting, which is convenient for transition, adopts functional modularized design and manufacture, greatly optimizes the structure of the tower crane, and has the advantages of high lifting height, convenient transition, convenient disassembly and splicing, convenient transportation, structural optimization, reasonable stress, reliable quality, stable performance, convenient maintenance, low requirement on foundation bearing capacity, light dead weight, economy and practicality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hoisting machinery, and particularly relates to a tower crane for wind power hoisting, which is convenient for transferring.
Background
The tower crane can rapidly realize self-lifting through the height superposition of the standard sections of the tower body, has the advantages of small lifting height limit and large lifting range, and is widely applied to the building fields of high lifting height and frequent lifting. However, the tower crane usually completes all hoisting operations at the same fixed position, so that the traditional tower crane generally adopts a multilayer multi-channel attaching structure, and most of the tower crane also needs to prefabricate a foundation in advance, and the tower crane is arranged on the fixed foundation. That is, the conventional tower crane cannot realize rapid transition: before the tower crane is transported, the vast parts are required to be completely disassembled, the disassembly amount is large, and the disassembly time is long; transferring to the next station, firstly, prefabricating a foundation in advance, then completing assembly of all parts, then completing assembly of the whole machine step by step after positioning and aligning the parts, and having troublesome assembly, long time consumption and high cost. Therefore, the traditional tower crane has complicated and unoptimized structure, troublesome disassembly, inconvenient assembly, limitation of conditions such as prefabricated foundation needed by the underframe part and the like, complicated transition work and long transition time, and cannot be applied to a hoisting occasion of quick transition, such as a wind power hoisting construction site.
For wind power hoisting engineering, the construction period of one fan is about 5-10 days, when the hoisting is completed, the tower crane needs to be transferred to the next position for installing a new unit, and the difference of different machine positions is also larger, so that the hoisting operation in the current wind power hoisting field is mostly completed by adopting a mobile crane (such as an automobile crane and a crawler crane). However, the lifting height of the mobile crane represented by an automobile crane, a crawler crane and the like is often limited, the height development requirement of the current wind turbine generator cannot be met, the current fan height reaches 150m or even more than 160m, and the lifting height range can be met only by the tower crane.
Therefore, in order to meet the lifting demands of increasingly higher wind turbine generators, a wind power lifting tower crane which is high in lifting height, convenient to transfer, convenient to detach and splice, convenient to transport, optimized in structure, reasonable in stress, reliable in quality, stable in performance, convenient to overhaul and maintain, low in foundation bearing capacity demand, light in dead weight, economical and practical and convenient to transfer needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tower crane for wind power hoisting, which is convenient for transferring a farm. The invention has the advantages of high lifting height, convenient transition, convenient disassembly and splicing, convenient transportation, optimized structure, reasonable stress, reliable quality, stable performance, convenient maintenance, low requirement on the bearing capacity of the foundation, light dead weight, economy and practicability.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical measures:
The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transition comprises a truss type underframe (the truss type underframe has high rigidity and is used as a mounting foundation of a tower crane, the self-standing height of the tower crane is greatly improved, the self-standing height of the tower body can be ensured to reach 110 m), a self-lifting jacking system, a bearing seat and a machine table, a folding type propeller strut which is arranged at the middle and rear part of the machine table, a crane boom which is hinged at the front upper part of the machine table in a cantilever manner and is co-vertical with the folding type propeller strut, a rigid luffing cable system which is arranged right above the crane boom and is respectively connected with the head part of the crane boom and the folding type propeller strut at two ends, and a tower crane accessory; (by folding or unfolding the amplitude steel wire rope in the rigid amplitude cable system, the crane boom can be driven to pitch up or down, namely, the working amplitude and the lifting height are changed by changing the elevation angle change of the crane boom;
The truss type underframe comprises a tower bottom foundation section which is the same as the standard section of the tower body (the truss type underframe is an installation foundation of the tower crane, when the wind power hoisting tower crane is assembled, the tower body standard section is directly overlapped above the tower bottom foundation section, the operation is simple, the use is convenient), four diagonal supports (the diagonal supports are respectively hinged with the tower bottom foundation section through the upper connecting section and are formed by diagonal cross frames on the upper connecting section) which are respectively hinged with four ends of the diagonal cross frames and extend outwards (the one-word beam which can be opened or closed quickly according to the requirement of working or transportation, and the truss type tower crane has the advantages of convenient site transfer, convenient assembly and disassembly, convenient transportation, simple operation and convenient use) are respectively hinged between the top surfaces of the far ends of the four one-word beams and the upper parts of foundation chord members on the corresponding sides of the tower bottom foundation section; two opposite-top triangles are formed after two horizontal long supporting rods are hinged between the distal ends of the four horizontal long supporting rods (the horizontal long supporting rods enclose the two adjacent horizontal long supporting rods into a stable triangular bracket, so that the horizontal long supporting rods and corresponding short beams in the diagonal cross frame are fixed into a straight line, the lateral stability of the horizontal long supporting rods is increased, the load in the horizontal direction is transmitted), and two horizontal short supporting rods are hinged between the middle part of each horizontal long supporting rod and two proximal end heads of the diagonal cross frame (the rigidity of the triangular bracket is increased, and the load in the horizontal direction is transmitted);
The folding type propeller strut is formed by hinging a front support and a rear pull rod at the top end, and can be folded and unfolded (when the folding type propeller strut is used, the front support and the rear pull rod in the folding type propeller strut are unfolded according to a specified angle and the root parts of the front support and the rear pull rod are fixed on a machine table, when the folding type propeller strut is disassembled and transported, the connection between the root parts of the front support and the rear pull rod and a machine table is only needed, and the propeller strut can be integrally stored and transported after being folded;
The rigid luffing cable system comprises a luffing movable pulley block suspended right above the middle part of the crane boom, a segmented spliced rigid luffing cable (the segmented structure is convenient to manufacture, convenient to overhaul and maintain, high in corrosion resistance, not easy to age, long in service life, and convenient to splice, quick to disassemble, convenient to transport and turn, reliable in quality and stable in performance) hinged between the luffing movable pulley block and the head part of the crane boom, and luffing steel wire ropes wound between the luffing movable pulley block and the luffing winch and commutated by the steering fixed pulleys (the luffing steel wire ropes are folded or unfolded by the luffing winch, so that the crane boom can be driven to pitch up or roll down, namely the amplitude is changed by changing elevation angle change of the crane boom); the segmented splicing rigid luffing inhaul cable is of a chain structure formed by sequentially hinging a plurality of segments of pull plates end to end through double-hole double-chain plates and pin shafts (when disassembly and transportation are needed, only the pin shafts between adjacent segments of the pull plates are needed to be disassembled, and when splicing is needed, only the adjacent ends of the two pull plates are clamped by the double-hole double-chain plates, and the pin shafts are inserted in the positions of the pin holes.
The number of the truss type underframes is two (each tower crane is provided with two truss type underframes with high rigidity), the second truss type underframe can be assembled and leveled in the next station in advance and can be synchronously assembled and disassembled with the tower crane of the last station, when the upper structure of the tower crane and the tower body of the last station are assembled and disassembled, the truss type underframes can be transported and transferred to a new station to be directly assembled above the second truss type underframes which are leveled, and the disassembling time of one truss type underframe and the assembling and leveling time of the other truss type underframe are saved in the transfer process, so that the transfer time is greatly saved, and the transfer efficiency is improved.
The self-lifting jacking system comprises a plurality of standard sections of the tower body, a sleeve frame, a standard section introducing mechanism and a jacking oil cylinder (the standard sections of the two adjacent tower bodies can be quickly assembled up and down by means of the sleeve frame and the standard section introducing mechanism, and then the sleeve frame can be smoothly jacked by matching with the jacking oil cylinder, so that the tower body can be quickly jacked).
The upper connecting section is composed of four connecting piece chords and connecting piece web members, wherein the four connecting piece chords are vertically arranged, and bottoms of the four connecting piece chords are respectively fixed on top surfaces of four ends of the diagonal cross (the four ends of the diagonal cross are used as supporting bases of the upper connecting section).
According to the invention, the hinge seat I and the hinge seat II are arranged at two ends of the straight beam, the hinge seat I is hinged with the diagonal cross, the axis of the pin hole is in the vertical direction (the axis of the pin hole is in the vertical direction, and then the pin shaft is in the vertical direction), so that the straight beam can be ensured to horizontally rotate around the pin shaft, namely, can be quickly opened or closed according to the working or transportation requirement, the hinge seat II is hinged with the diagonal support, and the axis of the pin hole is in the horizontal direction (can rotate along the vertical plane in the installation process of the diagonal support).
The support is of a quadrangular frustum pyramid structure consisting of the lower bottom plate, the upper bottom plate, the vertical rib plates and the sealing plates (the frustum pyramid structure with the large lower part and the small upper part is convenient for uniformly and dispersedly transmitting the upper load to the lower supporting leg), and the lower bottom plate extends outwards beyond the lower edge of the sealing plates (the pressing block is convenient for rapidly pressing the lower bottom plate).
The landing leg is of a cuboid box-shaped structure (which is convenient for uniformly transmitting load to the ground), and the locating strip (which is convenient for rapidly locating the lower bottom plate) and the pressing block (which is used for rapidly pressing the lower bottom plate) are arranged on the landing leg.
The double-hole double-chain plate is two identical double-chain plates which are matched and used in pairs, the appearance of the double-hole double-chain plate is the shape of the double-chain plate in a bicycle chain, and the arc centers of the two ends of the double-hole double-chain plate are respectively provided with a double-chain plate pin hole matched with a pin shaft (the pin shaft is ensured to be smoothly penetrated).
In the invention, steel plate pin holes matched with the pin shafts are processed at both ends of the pull plate (ensuring that the pin shafts are smoothly penetrated).
The design principle of the invention is as follows:
The tower crane for wind power hoisting, which is convenient for transition, adopts functional modularized design and manufacture, greatly optimizes the structure of the tower crane, and has the advantages of high lifting height, convenient transition, convenient disassembly and splicing, convenient transportation, structural optimization, reasonable stress, reliable quality, stable performance, convenient maintenance, low requirement on foundation bearing capacity, light dead weight, economy and practicality.
Optimizing a structure I: the invention adopts the truss type underframe with high rigidity, greatly improves the self-standing height of the tower crane, and can ensure that the self-standing height of the tower body reaches 110m. The truss type underframe is a cross type large underframe which can be opened or closed quickly according to the working or transportation requirement and is formed by the diagonal cross at the lower part of the middle connecting piece and the four hinged-connection linear beams, so that the truss type underframe can be transported integrally without splitting, and has the advantages of convenience in transition, convenience in transportation, simplicity in operation and convenience in use; the truss type underframe supports the tower bottom foundation section through the upper connecting section of the middle connecting piece, and when the wind power hoisting tower crane is assembled, the standard tower body section is directly overlapped above the tower bottom foundation section, so that the operation is simple and the use is convenient; meanwhile, four inclined supports are hinged and supported between the distal ends of the four straight girders and the upper parts of the base section chords at the corresponding sides of the tower bottom base section, so that four right-angle large triangular support frames consisting of the base section chords, the inclined supports and the straight girders are formed, the cross-shaped large underframe, the large triangular support frames and the tower bottom base section form a large rigid body, vertical load and bending moment of the tower body can be borne, the vertical load at the upper part of the tower machine is transmitted to the inclined supports, the cross-shaped large underframe and the supporting legs through the base section chords and the web members of the tower bottom base section, the stress condition of taking the cross section of the tower bottom base section as a main support is greatly improved, and in addition, the inclined supports and the cross-shaped large underframe only need to bear tension and compression force, so that the truss-shaped large underframe in the invention can greatly increase structural rigidity and lighten the underframe weight. Meanwhile, the long stay bars and the short stay bars enclose a stable triangular bracket together with the horizontal beam and the diagonal cross, so that the lateral stability of the horizontal beam is improved, and the load in the horizontal direction is transferred. In addition, the truss type ground connection device is supported at the bottom of the far end of the straight beam through the four sets of supports and the supporting legs, the relatively reasonable larger base distance greatly reduces the stress of each supporting leg when being grounded, accordingly greatly reduces the requirement on the bearing capacity of the foundation, simultaneously omits a fixed tower body foundation, and is economical, practical and convenient to transfer. In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of convenient transition, convenient assembly and disassembly, convenient transportation, simple operation, convenient use, reasonable stress, low demand on the bearing capacity of the foundation, simple structure, light dead weight, economy and practicability.
Optimizing a structure II: the folding type herringbone frame is adopted, and only the herringbone frame is required to be unfolded or folded and fixed during installation or disassembly, so that the installation and disassembly time and the installation and disassembly cost are greatly saved, the operation is simple, the transportation is convenient, and the frequent recycling is convenient. More specifically, the front bracket and the rear pull rod are hinged at the top end to form a foldable and expandable herringbone frame, so that when the folding herringbone frame is installed and used, the front bracket and the rear pull rod in the folding herringbone frame are only required to be expanded according to a specified angle, and the root parts of the front bracket and the rear pull rod are fixed on a machine table; when the front support and the rear pull rod are disassembled and transported, the connection between the root parts of the front support and the rear pull rod and the machine table is only required to be disassembled, and the herringbone frame can be integrally stored and transported after being folded. Meanwhile, the folding propeller strut disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the winch and the propeller strut are integrally designed to be used as a whole transportation unit and an installation unit, the trouble of frequent assembly and frequent disassembly is omitted between the two transportation units, the assembly and disassembly time is saved, the operation is simplified, and the storage and the transportation are convenient. In addition, the folding type tripod directly comprises the rear pull rod and the front support matched with the machine table to form a right-angle tripod which is stable and easy to position, and the structural mode (see in detail in fig. 13) that the front support and the middle support form an obtuse-angle tripod which is difficult to position and the rear pull rope matched with the machine table is needed in the traditional tripod structure is replaced, so that the rear pull rope is not needed, the rear pull rope is omitted, the mounting, positioning and dismounting operations are greatly simplified, and the mounting and dismounting time is saved.
Optimizing the structure III: the invention adopts a movable arm amplitude-changing structure, which is composed of a crane boom and a rigid amplitude-changing inhaul cable system, and controls an amplitude-changing steel wire rope to be folded or unfolded through an amplitude-changing winch to drive the crane boom to pitch up or down, namely, the working amplitude and the lifting height are changed through changing the elevation angle of the crane boom; in addition, the length of the crane boom is increased to lift the lifting height of the tower crane and reduce the self-standing height of the tower body. More specifically, the luffing amplitude structure of the luffing amplitude structure adopts the optimized segmented splicing rigid luffing cable to replace a rope type cable in the traditional luffing system, namely, a plurality of sections of high-strength pulling plates are sequentially hinged end to end through double-hole double chain plates and pin shafts to form the rigid luffing cable with a chain-shaped structure, so that an amplitude movable pulley block and the head of a crane boom are connected together: because the sectional splicing type rigid amplitude-variable inhaul cable adopts a sectional structure, the manufacturing is convenient, the overhaul and maintenance are convenient, the integral scrapping is not needed when a certain section has a problem, the corrosion resistance is strong, the ageing resistance is difficult, the service life is long, the quality is reliable, the performance is stable, meanwhile, the quick splicing or dismounting can be realized through the pin shaft which is inserted or removed, the operation is convenient, and the transportation and the transition are convenient. Meanwhile, the amplitude variable steel wire rope is wound between the amplitude variable movable pulley block and the amplitude variable winding engine and is reversed through the steering fixed pulley, so that the amplitude variable steel wire rope can be controlled to be folded or unfolded through the amplitude variable winding engine, the crane boom is driven to tilt up or down, and the working range and the lifting height of the tower crane are further changed.
In addition, the invention also adopts an auxiliary optimization module, namely each tower crane is provided with two sets of truss type underframes with large rigidity, thereby greatly saving the transition time and improving the transition efficiency. Because the truss type underframe is used as the installation foundation of the tower crane, in order to ensure the safety of the tower crane, the truss type underframe needs to be leveled before the tower body is installed, and a certain time is also needed to be consumed. In the invention, each tower crane is provided with two sets of truss type underframes, so that the underframe leveling work of the next station can be synchronously carried out when the tower crane is disassembled and assembled at the last station, and when the upper structure and the tower body of the tower crane are disassembled and assembled, the tower crane can be transported and transferred to the next station to be directly assembled above the other set of truss type underframes which are already leveled, thereby saving the disassembly time of one set of truss type underframes and the assembly and leveling time of the other set of truss type underframes in the transfer process, greatly saving the transfer time and improving the transfer efficiency.
In addition, the invention also uses a self-elevating jacking system of the traditional tower crane, which consists of a plurality of standard tower body joints, a sleeve frame and a standard joint introducing mechanism: firstly, sleeving and connecting the middle lower part of the sleeve frame on a tower body standard section which is already installed in place; then, hoisting the standard tower section to be installed to the height to be installed, moving to the right upper part of the sleeve frame by means of the standard section introducing mechanism, slowly falling into the inner cavity of the sleeve frame, and rapidly positioning the standard tower section with the lower part in place by using the sleeve frame, and rapidly fixing the two standard tower section after positioning; then, swinging the movable lower ends of the jacking cylinders into chord member jacking pedals beside the jacking cylinders respectively, starting jacking switches of the jacking cylinders, extending cylinder rods of the jacking cylinders to jack, and jacking the sleeve frame upwards by the height of one tower body standard section; and connecting and fixing the sleeve frame and the tower body standard section which is already installed in place, enabling the jacking oil cylinder to shrink and return to the place, and swinging the movable lower end of the jacking oil cylinder back to the initial position of the sleeve frame. Thus, a complete lifting action is completed. And repeating the operation, and continuously lifting the next tower body standard section until the assembly of the required tower body standard section is completed.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a tower crane for wind power hoisting, which is convenient for transferring. The invention has the advantages of high lifting height, convenient transition, convenient disassembly and splicing, convenient transportation, optimized structure, reasonable stress, reliable quality, stable performance, convenient maintenance, low requirement on the bearing capacity of the foundation, light dead weight, economy and practicability.
The invention is widely applied to the movable arm type tower crane, has obvious effect and is concretely embodied as follows:
The installation time of the traditional tower crane is generally 10-15 days, but the installation time of the tower crane can be reduced to 3-5 days, and the requirements of rapid transition and lifting height of wind power lifting are completely met. The tower crane can ensure that the self-standing height of the tower body reaches 110m through the truss type underframe; according to the tower crane, the lifting height is changed by increasing the lifting arm and changing the elevation angle change of the lifting arm by matching with the amplitude changing mechanism, so that the lifting height of the self-standing tower crane can reach 180m when the self-standing tower crane is at 110m, namely, the lifting height is greatly expanded under the condition of lower installation height. According to engineering verification: by using the invention to hoist, each fan can save the hoisting cost by 50 ten thousand yuan, and has very good market prospect.
Taking a wind power movable arm type tower crane with a lifting capacity of 100 tons as an example, 2 back guys with the length of 20 meters and the diameter of 60 millimeters, aluminum alloy joints and pin shafts are omitted, 0.8 ten thousand yuan is saved, the original 2-vehicle transportation of a front support, a back pull rod and a winch is changed into 1-vehicle transportation during long-distance transportation, 0.8 ten thousand yuan is saved every 1000 kilometers, the original 3 workers are changed into 2 workers for 0.5 days after being installed and dismantled on site, 40 wind turbines in each wind power plant calculate, labor cost is 350 yuan/person/day, and the total is 8.6 ten thousand yuan. Meanwhile, the installation task is finished in advance, the power generation is performed in advance, and the social benefit and the economic benefit are good.
Taking a luffing crane with 130 tons of lifting capacity as an example, a traditional luffing cable uses 2 high-strength steel wires with the length of 70 meters and the diameter of 60 millimeters, the steel wires are respectively folded in double, four ends are sleeved by an aluminum alloy, the cost of the steel wires is 0.5 ten thousand yuan, the cost of balance wheels and connecting pieces is 0.6 ten thousand yuan, the assembly and disassembly, detection and maintenance costs before and after each project are 0.4 yuan, the service life is 6 years (4 projects), the total cost is (0.5+0.6+4×0.4) =2.7 ten thousand yuan, and the cost for 20 years is 9 ten thousand yuan; after the rigid pulling plate is used, the weight is 4.5 tons, the manufacturing cost is 4 ten thousand yuan, the service life is 20 years, obviously, in the life cycle of the tower crane, the rigid pulling rope can save 5 ten thousand yuan by 55 percent compared with the flexible pulling rope, and meanwhile, the rigid pulling plate is safe, reliable, scientific and practical, simple and convenient to manufacture, maintain, detect and transport, high in installation efficiency, good in economy, significant in manufacturing significance of movable arm cranes by popularization and application, and remarkable in social benefit and economic benefit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of the use of the present invention before and after luffing.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a truss type chassis according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the state of the in-line beam and the middle connector in the folding transportation.
Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the in-line beam in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a top view of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the support of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a top view of fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the leg of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a top view of fig. 11.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a conventional propeller strut.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of the folding propeller strut in the use state of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view showing a state of the folding propeller strut in folding transportation in the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of a segmented spliced rigid luffing cable and luffing movable pulley block in the invention.
Fig. 18 is a top view of fig. 17.
The serial numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. 1-1 parts of truss type underframe, 1-1 parts of tower bottom foundation sections, 1-1 parts of foundation section chords, 1-2 parts of inclined supports, 1-3 parts of straight girders, 1-3-1 parts of hinge seats I, 1-3-2 parts of hinge seats II, 1-4 parts of supports, 1-4-1 parts of lower bottom plates, 1-4-2 parts of upper bottom plates, 1-4-3 parts of vertical rib plates, 1-4 parts of sealing plates, 1-5 parts of supporting legs, 1-5-1 parts of positioning strips, 1-5-2 parts of pressing blocks, 1-6 parts of middle connecting pieces, 1-6-1 parts of upper connecting pieces, 1-6-1 parts of connecting piece chords, 1-6-1-2 parts of connecting piece web members, 1-6-2 parts of diagonal cross girders, 1-7 parts of horizontal long support rods, 1-8 parts of horizontal short support rods; 2. the self-lifting jacking system comprises 2-1 parts of tower body standard sections, 2-2 parts of sleeves, 2-3 parts of standard section introducing mechanisms, 2-4 parts of jacking cylinders, 2-5 parts of chord members and jacking pedals; 3. a bearing seat; 4. a machine table; 5. 5-1 parts of folding propeller strut, 5-2 parts of front bracket, 5-3 parts of rear pull rod, 5-3 parts of amplitude-variable winch, 5-4 parts of diagonal brace, 5-5 parts of steering fixed pulley, 5-6 parts of backward tilting prevention device; 6. the crane comprises a crane arm, 7, a rigid luffing cable system, 7-1, a segmented splicing rigid luffing cable, 7-1-1, a pull plate, 7-1-2, a double-hole double-chain plate, 7-1-3, a pin shaft, 7-2, a luffing movable pulley block, 7-3, a luffing steel wire rope, 8, a rear cable of a traditional herringbone frame, 9 and a middle bracket of the traditional herringbone frame.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
As shown in fig. 1 to 12 and 14 to 18, the tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for field transfer comprises a truss type underframe (1) which is connected end to end in turn from bottom to top (the truss type underframe (1) has high rigidity and is used as a mounting foundation of the tower crane, the self-standing height of the tower crane is greatly improved, the self-lifting jacking system (2), a bearing seat (3) and a machine table (4) can be ensured, a folding type propeller strut (5) is arranged at the middle and rear part of the machine table, a crane boom (6) which is hinged at the front upper part of the machine table in a cantilever manner and is co-vertical with the folding type propeller strut, a rigid luffing cable system (7) which is arranged right above the crane boom (6) and is respectively connected with the head part of the crane boom and the folding type propeller strut (5) at two ends, and a tower crane accessory; (the lifting arm (6) can be driven to tilt upwards or downwards through the folding or unfolding of the amplitude steel wire rope (7-3) in the rigid amplitude cable system (7), namely, the working amplitude and the lifting height are changed by changing the elevation angle change of the lifting arm, meanwhile, the lifting height can be greatly improved by tilting the lifting arm upwards by matching with the amplitude changing mechanism after the length of the lifting arm (6) is increased, the lifting height of the self-standing lifting arm at 110m can reach 180m, namely, the lifting height is greatly expanded at a lower installation height);
The truss type underframe (1) comprises a tower bottom foundation section (1-1) with the same section as a tower body standard section (the truss type underframe (1) is an installation foundation of a tower crane, when the wind power hoisting tower crane is assembled, the tower body standard section (2-1) is directly overlapped above the tower bottom foundation section (1-1), the operation is simple and the use is convenient), the truss type underframe (1) is butt-jointed and supported below the tower bottom foundation section (1-1), an intermediate connecting piece (1-6) formed by an upper connecting section (1-6-1) and a lower diagonal cross (1-6-2) (the intermediate connecting piece (1-6) is supported and connected with the tower bottom foundation section (1-1) through the upper connecting section (1-6-1), the intermediate connecting piece (1-6) is hinged with four cross beams (1-3) through diagonal cross (1-6-2) to form a cross type large underframe, the cross beams are respectively hinged with four ends of the diagonal cross beams (1-6-2) and extend outwards, the cross beams (1-3) (the cross beams can be opened or folded according to the requirement of the transportation, the cross beams (1-6-2) can be opened or the operation is convenient, the bridge type can be opened and the bridge type and the bridge can be opened conveniently and opened conveniently, four inclined supports (1-2) respectively hinged between the top surfaces of the distal ends of the four straight girders (1-3) and the upper parts of the base section chords (1-1-1) on the corresponding sides of the tower bottom base section (1-1) (the inclined supports (1-2) are connected with the base section chords (1-1-1) and the straight girders (1-3) to form a right-angle large triangular support frame so as to bear the load of the upper part of the tower crane, thereby greatly improving the stress condition of the traditional main support made of the cross section of the tower bottom base section (1-1), along with reasonable stress, simple structure, light weight, economy and practicability, and greatly reducing the stress when the supporting legs (1-5) are grounded by the relative reasonable base distance (correspondingly greatly reducing the requirement on the bearing capacity of the foundation, saving the fixed tower body foundation, and being convenient for transferring fields and economy and practicability); two opposite-top triangles are formed after two horizontal long supporting rods (1-7) are hinged and supported between the distal ends of the four straight beams (1-3), the two adjacent straight beams (1-3) are enclosed into a stable triangular bracket by the horizontal long supporting rods (1-7), the straight beams (1-3) and corresponding short beams in the diagonal cross (1-6-2) are fixed into a straight line, the lateral stability of the straight beams (1-3) is increased, the load in the horizontal direction is transmitted), and two horizontal short supporting rods (1-8) are hinged between the middle part of each horizontal long supporting rod (1-7) and two proximal ends of the diagonal cross (1-6-2) (the rigidity of the triangular bracket is increased and the load in the horizontal direction is transmitted);
The folding propeller strut (5) is formed by hinging a front support (5-1) and a rear pull rod (5-2) at the top end, and can be folded and unfolded (when the propeller strut is installed and used, the front support (5-1) and the rear pull rod (5-2) in the folding propeller strut (5) are unfolded according to a specified angle, the root parts of the front support (5-1) and the rear pull rod (5-2) are fixed on a machine table (4), when the propeller strut is disassembled and transported, the root parts of the front support (5-1) and the rear pull rod (5-2) are only required to be disassembled and connected with the machine table (4), and the propeller strut can be integrally stored and transported after being folded, so that the folding propeller strut greatly saves the assembly and disassembly time and the assembly and disassembly cost, is simple to operate and convenient to transport, and the root parts of the rear pull rod (2) are provided with an amplitude-changing winch (5-3) (in this way, the amplitude-changing winch (5-3) and the root parts of the folding propeller strut (5) are provided with an amplitude-changing winch) which is convenient to be frequently recycled) to form a unit, the whole assembly and the assembly and disassembly time is saved, and the assembly time are frequently saved, an inclined strut (5-4) is hinged between the root of the rear pull rod (5-2) and the middle lower part of the front support (5-1) (the rigidity of the front support (5-1) can be improved), a steering fixed pulley (5-5) is arranged at the top of the front support (an amplitude variable steel wire rope (7-3) extending from an amplitude variable winch (5-3) changes the movement direction through the steering fixed pulley (5-5)), a backward tilting prevention device (5-6) is hinged at the middle upper part of the front support (5-6) (the backward tilting prevention device (5-6) can prevent the excessive backward tilting of a lifting arm (6) when the tower crane works to cause accidents, the backward tilting prevention device (5-6) can be folded and attached to the front plane of the front support (5-1) when in transportation, and the backward tilting prevention device is automatically lowered to prevent the excessive backward tilting of the lifting arm (6) when in operation;
The rigid luffing cable system (7) comprises a luffing movable pulley block (7-2) suspended right above the middle part of the crane boom (6), a segmented splicing rigid luffing cable (7-1) (the segmented structure is convenient to manufacture, convenient to overhaul and maintain, high in corrosion resistance, not prone to aging and long in service life, and meanwhile the segmented structure is convenient to splice, fast to detach, convenient to transport and transfer, reliable in quality and stable in performance), and luffing steel wire ropes (7-3) which are wound between the luffing movable pulley block (7-2) and the luffing winch (5-3) and are reversed through the turning fixed pulley (5-5) are folded or unfolded through the luffing winch, so that the crane boom (6) can be driven to tilt up or down, namely the amplitude is changed by changing the elevation angle of the crane boom; the segmented splicing type rigid luffing inhaul cable (7-1) is of a chain structure formed by sequentially hinging a plurality of segments of pull plates (7-1-1) end to end through double Kong Shuanglian plates (7-1-2) and pin shafts (7-1-3), wherein when disassembly and transportation are needed, only the pin shafts between adjacent segments of the pull plates are required to be disassembled, and when splicing is needed, only the adjacent ends of the two pull plates are required to be clamped by double-hole double-chain plates, and the pin shafts are required to be inserted in the positions of the pin holes.
The number of the truss type underframe (1) is two (each tower crane is provided with two truss type underframes with large rigidity), the second truss type underframe (1) can be assembled and leveled in the next station in advance and can be synchronously assembled and disassembled with the tower crane of the last station, when the upper structure of the tower crane and the tower body of the last station are assembled and disassembled, the truss type underframe can be transported and transferred to a new station to be directly assembled above the second leveled truss type underframe, and the disassembling time of one truss type underframe and the assembling and leveling time of the other truss type underframe are saved in the transferring process, so that the transferring time is greatly saved, and the transferring efficiency is improved.
The self-lifting jacking system (2) comprises a plurality of standard tower body joints (2-1), a sleeve frame (2-2), a standard joint introducing mechanism (2-3) and a jacking cylinder (2-4) (by means of the sleeve frame (2-2) and the standard joint introducing mechanism (2-3), the two adjacent standard tower body joints (2-1) can be quickly assembled up and down, and the self-lifting of the sleeve frame (2-2) can be smoothly realized by matching with the action of the jacking cylinder (2-4), so that the height of a tower body can be quickly realized.
The upper connecting section (1-6-1) is composed of four connecting piece chords (1-6-1-1) and connecting piece web members (1-6-1-2) which are vertically arranged, wherein the bottoms of the four connecting piece chords (1-6-1-1) are respectively fixed on the top surfaces of four ends of the diagonal cross (1-6-2) (the four ends of the diagonal cross (1-6-2) are used as supporting bases of the upper connecting section (1-6-1)).
According to the invention, the hinge seat I (1-3-1) and the hinge seat II (1-3-2) are arranged at two ends of the straight beam (1-3), the hinge seat I (1-3-1) is hinged with the diagonal cross frame (1-6-2), the axis of the pin hole is in the vertical direction (the axis of the pin hole is in the vertical direction, and then the pin shaft is in the vertical direction), so that the straight beam (1-3) can rotate horizontally around the pin shaft, namely can be opened or closed quickly according to the working or transportation requirement, the hinge seat II (1-3-2) is hinged with the inclined support (1-2), and the axis of the pin hole is in the horizontal direction (can rotate along the vertical plane in the installation process of the inclined support (1-2)).
The support (1-4) is a quadrangular frustum structure (a frustum structure with a large lower part and a small upper part is convenient for uniformly and dispersedly transmitting upper load to a lower supporting leg) which is composed of a lower base plate (1-4-1), an upper base plate (1-4-2), a stud plate (1-4-3) and a sealing plate (1-4-4), and the lower base plate (1-4-1) extends outwards beyond the lower edge of the sealing plate (1-4-4) (a pressing block (1-5-2) is convenient for rapidly pressing the lower base plate (1-4-1)).
According to the invention, the supporting leg (1-5) is of a cuboid box-shaped structure (which is convenient for uniformly transmitting load to the ground), and the positioning strip (1-5-1) (which is convenient for rapidly positioning the lower base plate (1-4-1)) and the pressing block (1-5-2) (which is used for rapidly pressing the lower base plate (1-4-1)) are arranged on the supporting leg (1-5).
The double Kong Shuanglian plates (7-1-2) are two identical link plates which are matched and used in pairs, the shape of each link plate is the shape of the link plate in a bicycle chain, and link plate pin holes matched with the pin shafts (7-1-3) are formed in the arc centers of the two ends of the double-hole double link plate (ensuring that the pin shafts are smoothly penetrated).
In the invention, steel plate pin holes matched with the pin shafts (7-1-3) are processed at both ends of the pull plate (7-1-1) (ensuring that the pin shafts are smoothly penetrated).
The specific use cases of the invention are as follows:
After the hoisting of the last fan is completed, the tower crane is disassembled according to the functional module, and meanwhile, the other set of truss type underframe is assembled and leveled on the next station. After the tower crane upper structure and the tower body of the last station are disassembled and assembled, the tower crane upper structure and the tower body can be transported and transferred to a new station to be assembled above a second set of leveled truss underframe: namely, by means of the sleeve frame (2-2) in the self-lifting jacking system (2) and the standard knot introducing mechanism (2-3), the standard knots (2-1) of the two adjacent knots of the tower body are assembled up and down quickly, the self-lifting of the sleeve frame (2-2) can be realized smoothly by matching with the action of the jacking cylinder (2-4), the heightening of the tower body is realized quickly, and the self-standing height of the tower body can be ensured to reach 110m due to the large rigidity of the truss type underframe (1) serving as the installation foundation of the tower machine. Then, the bearing seat (3) and the machine table (4) are overlapped above the tower body. Then, a folding propeller strut (5) is arranged at the middle and rear part above the machine table (4), a lifting arm (6) is hinged at the front upper part of the machine table, and the lifting arm head and the folding propeller strut (5) are connected, and the folding propeller strut (5), the lifting arm (6) and the rigid amplitude cable system (7) are positioned in the same vertical face. Thus, the assembly of the tower crane is completed rapidly at the second station. And (5) repeating the operation when the hoisting is completed and the transition is needed again.
Claims (6)
1. Tower crane for wind-powered electricity generation hoist and mount convenient to transfer, its characterized in that: the device comprises a truss type underframe (1), a self-elevating jacking system (2), a bearing seat (3), a machine table (4), a folding type propeller strut (5) arranged at the middle and rear part of the machine table, a crane arm (6) hinged at the front upper part of the machine table in a cantilever manner and co-vertical with the folding type propeller strut, a rigid amplitude cable system (7) arranged right above the crane arm (6) and with two ends respectively connected with the crane arm head and the folding type propeller strut (5), and a tower crane accessory;
The truss type underframe (1) comprises a tower bottom foundation section (1-1) with the same section as a tower body standard section, a middle connecting piece (1-6) which is supported below the bottom of the tower bottom foundation section (1-1) in a butt joint mode and consists of an upper connecting section (1-6-1) and a lower diagonal cross (1-6-2), a straight beam (1-3) which is hinged to four ends of the diagonal cross (1-6-2) respectively and extends outwards, four inclined supports (1-2) which are hinged between the top surfaces of the distal ends of the four straight beams (1-3) and the upper parts of foundation section chords (1-1) on the corresponding sides of the tower bottom foundation section (1-1) respectively, and four sets of supports (1-4) and supporting legs (1-5) which are supported at the bottom of the distal ends of the straight beam (1-3) respectively; two opposite-top triangles are formed after two horizontal long supporting rods (1-7) are hinged and supported between the distal ends of the four straight beams (1-3), and two horizontal short supporting rods (1-8) are hinged between the middle part of each horizontal long supporting rod (1-7) and two proximal ends of the diagonal cross (1-6-2);
The foldable herringbone frame (5) is a herringbone frame which is formed by hinging a front bracket (5-1) and a rear pull rod (5-2) at the top end and can be folded and unfolded, an amplitude-variable winch (5-3) is arranged at the root of the rear pull rod (5-2), an inclined stay rod (5-4) is hinged between the root of the rear pull rod (5-2) and the middle lower part of the front bracket (5-1), a steering fixed pulley (5-5) is arranged at the top of the front bracket, and an anti-backward tilting device (5-6) is hinged at the middle upper part of the front bracket;
The rigid luffing cable system (7) comprises a luffing movable pulley block (7-2) suspended right above the middle part of the crane boom (6), a segmented splicing rigid luffing cable (7-1) hinged between the luffing movable pulley block (7-2) and the head part of the crane boom (6), and a luffing steel wire rope (7-3) wound between the luffing movable pulley block (7-2) and the luffing winch (5-3) and commutated by a steering fixed pulley (5-5); the segmented splicing type rigid luffing cable (7-1) is of a chain structure formed by sequentially hinging a plurality of segments of pull plates (7-1-1) end to end through double Kong Shuanglian plates (7-1-2) and pin shafts (7-1-3);
the upper connecting section (1-6-1) is composed of four connecting piece chords (1-6-1-1) and connecting piece web members (1-6-1-2) which are vertically arranged, and the bottoms of the four connecting piece chords (1-6-1-1) are respectively fixed on the top surfaces of four ends of the diagonal cross (1-6-2);
Hinge seats I (1-3-1) and hinge seats II (1-3-2) are arranged at two ends of the straight beam (1-3), the hinge seats I (1-3-1) are hinged with the diagonal cross (1-6-2), the axes of the pin holes are in the vertical direction, and the hinge seats II (1-3-2) are hinged with the inclined support (1-2) and the axes of the pin holes are in the horizontal direction;
The support (1-4) is of a quadrangular frustum structure consisting of a lower bottom plate (1-4-1), an upper bottom plate (1-4-2), a vertical rib plate (1-4-3) and a sealing plate (1-4-4), and the lower bottom plate (1-4-1) extends outwards beyond the lower edge of the sealing plate (1-4-4).
2. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transferring according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the truss type underframe (1) is two.
3. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transferring according to claim 1, wherein: the self-lifting jacking system (2) comprises a plurality of standard tower body joints (2-1), a sleeve frame (2-2), a standard joint introducing mechanism (2-3) and a jacking oil cylinder (2-4).
4. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transferring according to claim 1, wherein: the landing leg (1-5) is of a cuboid box-shaped structure, and a positioning strip (1-5-1) and a pressing block (1-5-2) are arranged on the landing leg (1-5).
5. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transferring according to claim 1, wherein: the double Kong Shuanglian plates (7-1-2) are two identical link plates which are matched and used in pairs, the shape of each link plate is the shape of the link plate in the bicycle chain, and the arc centers of the two ends of the double-hole double-link plate are respectively provided with a link plate pin hole matched with the pin shaft (7-1-3).
6. The tower crane for wind power hoisting convenient for transferring according to claim 1, wherein: and steel plate pin holes matched with the pin shafts (7-1-3) are processed at two ends of the pull plate (7-1-1).
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| CN201911197282.8A CN110745711B (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Tower crane convenient to transfer for wind power hoisting |
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