CN110739549A - Array lens, lens antenna, and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to array lenses, a lens antenna and electronic equipment, the array lenses comprise an array lens medium layer and two layers of array structures which are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the medium layer, wherein each array structure comprises a conductive body, the conductive body is provided with a plurality of hollow grooves which are arranged in a two-dimensional array, each hollow groove is internally provided with a conductive sheet and a split ring sheet which is arranged around the conductive sheet, and the conductive body, the conductive sheets and the split ring sheets are arranged separately from each other, wherein two hollow grooves which are positioned at the same opposite positions in the two layers of array structures are coaxially arranged, the opening directions of the split ring sheets in the two hollow grooves are opposite, the conductive sheets in the same array structures have gradually-changed conductive sheet sizes in the array direction, phase distribution of different frequency bands can be compensated, electromagnetic waves radiated by feed sources which deviate from a focus far away can be well converged, the reduction of gain of a partial focal beam is greatly reduced, and the scanning angle of the lens antenna is greatly improved.

Description

Array Lenses, Lens Antennas and Electronic Devices

technical field

The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to an array lens, a lens antenna and an electronic device.

Background technique

Lens antenna is an antenna that can convert spherical or cylindrical waves of point or line sources into plane waves through electromagnetic waves to obtain pencil-shaped, sector-shaped or other shaped beams. By appropriately designing the lens surface shape and refractive index, the phase velocity of the electromagnetic wave can be adjusted to obtain a plane wavefront on the radiation aperture. The electromagnetic waves radiated by the general lens antenna from the feed source far away from the focus of the lens cannot be well concentrated, so that the scanning angle of the lens antenna is limited and the scanning angle is limited, which is not conducive to covering a large area.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The embodiments of the present application provide an array lens, a lens antenna, and an electronic device, which can greatly reduce the decrease in the gain of the off-focus beam, improve the scanning angle of the lens antenna, and have a large coverage.

An array lens, comprising:

dielectric layer;

A two-layer array structure is arranged on opposite sides of the dielectric layer, respectively; wherein, the array structure includes a conductive body, and the conductive body is provided with a plurality of hollow grooves arranged in a two-dimensional array, and each hollow groove There is a built-in conductive sheet and a split ring sheet arranged around the conductive sheet, and the conductive body, the conductive sheet, and the split ring sheet are arranged separately from each other, wherein,

In the two-layer array structure, two hollow grooves located at the same relative position are coaxially arranged, and the opening directions of the split ring pieces in the two hollow grooves are opposite, and the conductive sheets in the plurality of hollow grooves in the same array structure are in the array direction. Conductive sheet size with gradient on it.

In addition, a lens antenna is also provided, including a feed array, the feed array including at least two feed units;

Any of the above array lenses arranged in parallel with the feed array.

In addition, there is also provided an electronic device including the above-mentioned lens antenna.

The above-mentioned array lens, lens antenna and electronic device, including a dielectric layer;

A two-layer array structure is arranged on opposite sides of the dielectric layer, respectively; wherein, the array structure includes a conductive body, and the conductive body is provided with a plurality of hollow grooves arranged in a two-dimensional array, and each hollow groove There is a built-in conductive sheet and a split ring sheet arranged around the conductive sheet. The conductive body, the conductive sheet, and the split ring sheet are arranged separately from each other, wherein the two hollow slots located at the same relative position in the two-layer array structure are coaxially arranged , and the opening directions of the split ring sheets in the two hollowed-out slots are opposite, and the conductive sheets in the plurality of hollowed-out grooves in the same array structure have a gradual conductive sheet size in the array direction, which can compensate for the phase distribution of different frequency bands. , so that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the feed that deviates far from the focus can also be better concentrated, greatly reducing the decrease in the gain of the off-focus beam, and greatly improving the scanning angle of the lens antenna. Compared with the general double-lens system, the lens of this scheme The low profile is more conducive to integration in electronic devices such as mobile phones.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a perspective view of an electronic device in one embodiment;

2 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device including a lens antenna in one embodiment;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of an array lens in an embodiment;

4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a first array structure in an embodiment;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first array structure in an embodiment;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first array structure in an embodiment;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first array structure in an embodiment;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first array structure in an embodiment;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first array structure in an embodiment;

10a is a schematic structural diagram of a lens antenna in an embodiment;

10b is a schematic structural diagram of a lens antenna in an embodiment;

11 is a block diagram of an electronic device in one embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a beam scanning pattern in an embodiment.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, but not to limit the present application.

It will be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish a first element from another element, and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance or to imply the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless expressly and specifically defined otherwise.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "adhered to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.

The antenna device in an embodiment of the present application is applied to an electronic device. In one embodiment, the electronic device may include a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palmtop computer, a Mobile Internet Device (MID), a wearable device ( Such as smart watches, smart bracelets, pedometers, etc.) or other communication modules that can be provided with an array antenna device.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in this embodiment of the present application, the electronic device 10 may include a housing assembly 110 , a midplane 120 , a display screen assembly 130 and a controller. The display screen assembly 130 is fixed on the casing assembly 110, and together with the casing assembly 110, forms an external structure of the electronic device. The housing assembly 110 may include a middle frame 111 and a rear cover 113 . The middle frame 111 may be a frame structure with through holes. The middle frame 111 can be accommodated in the accommodation space formed by the display screen assembly and the back cover 113 . The back cover 113 is used to form the outer contour of the electronic device. The back cover 113 may be integrally formed. During the molding process of the back cover 113 , structures such as a rear camera hole, a fingerprint identification module, an antenna device installation hole and the like may be formed on the back cover 113 . The back cover 113 may be a non-metal back cover 113 , for example, the back cover 113 may be a plastic back cover 113 , a ceramic back cover 113 , a 3D glass back cover 113 or the like. The housing assembly 110 is also provided with a lens antenna for transmitting and receiving millimeter wave signals. The middle board 120 is fixed inside the housing assembly, and the middle board 120 may be a PCB (Printed Circuit Board, printed circuit board) or an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit, flexible circuit board). Display components can be used to display pictures or fonts, and can provide users with an operating interface.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in one embodiment, the electronic device 10 includes at least two lens antennas T, and the at least two lens antennas T are distributed on different sides of the middle frame of the electronic device. The middle frame includes a first side 101 and a third side 103 arranged opposite to each other, and a second side 102 and a fourth side 104 arranged opposite to each other. The second side 102 is connected to the first side 101 and the third side. One end of the side 103 and the fourth side 104 are connected to the other ends of the first side 101 and the third side 103 . At least two of the first side, the second side, the third side and the fourth side are respectively provided with millimeter wave modules.

In one of the embodiments, two lens antennas are arranged on the two long sides of the mobile phone, respectively, to cover the space on both sides of the mobile phone, and to achieve high-efficiency, high-gain, and low-cost beam scanning of 5G mobile phone millimeter waves. Millimeter waves refer to electromagnetic waves with wavelengths in the order of millimeters, and their frequencies are about 20 GHz to 300 GHz. 3GP has specified a list of frequency bands supported by 5G NR. The spectrum range of 5G NR can reach 100GHz, and two major frequency ranges have been specified: Frequency range 1 (FR1), which is the frequency band below 6GHz, and Frequency range 2 (FR2), which is the millimeter wave frequency band. The frequency range of Frequency range 1: 450MHz-6.0GHz, where the maximum channel bandwidth is 100MHz. The frequency range of Frequency range 2 is 24.25GHz-52.6GHz, and the maximum channel bandwidth is 400MHz. Near 11GHz spectrum for 5G mobile broadband includes: 3.85GHz licensed spectrum, such as: 28GHz (24.25-29.5GHz), 37GHz (37.0-38.6GHz), 39GHz (38.6-40GHz) and 14GHz unlicensed spectrum (57-71GHz) . The working frequency bands of the 5G communication system are 28GHz, 39GHz, and 60GHz.

In one embodiment, when the number of lens antennas is 4, the 4 lens antennas are respectively located on the first side 101 , the second side 102 , the third side 103 and the fourth side 104 . When the user holds the electronic device 10, the lens antenna may be blocked, resulting in poor signal. At least two lens antennas are arranged on different sides. When the user holds the electronic device 10 horizontally or vertically, there are lenses that are not blocked. The antenna enables the electronic device 10 to transmit and receive signals normally.

As shown in FIG. 3 , an embodiment of the present application provides an array lens. In one embodiment, the array lens includes a two-layer array structure 210 and a dielectric layer 220 located between the two-layer array structures 210. It can also be understood that the two-layer array structures 210 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the dielectric layer 220, The two-layer array structure 210 may be denoted as a first array structure P1 and a second array structure P2.

Each layer of the array structure 210 includes a conductive body 211 , and a plurality of hollow grooves 212 arranged in an array are formed on the conductive body 211 . Each of the hollow grooves 212 contains a conductive sheet 213 and a split ring sheet 214 disposed around the conductive sheet 213 . The conductive body 211 , the conductive sheet 213 , and the split ring sheet 214 are separated from each other. Specifically, the hollow groove 212 penetrates through the array structure 210 , that is, the hollow groove 212 can be understood as a through hole provided in the conductive body 211 , wherein the conductive sheet 213 and the split ring sheet 214 are both disposed in contact with the dielectric layer 220 .

In one embodiment, the centers of the hollow slot 212 , the conductive sheet 213 , and the split ring sheet 214 are all arranged to overlap. The center of the hollow slot 212 can be understood as the centroid of the hollow slot 212, the center of the conductive sheet 213 can be understood as the centroid of the geometric shape of the split ring sheet 214, and the center of the split ring sheet 214 can be understood as the split ring The centroid of slice 214.

In one embodiment, the hollow slot 212 can be a circular hollow slot, or can be any polygonal hollow slot, such as a square hollow slot.

In one of the embodiments, the conductive sheet 213 may be a rectangular conductive sheet (including square) or an oval conductive sheet (including circular).

In one of the embodiments, the split ring piece 214 can be a circular split ring piece, or a polygonal split ring piece, such as a hexagonal, octagonal, dodecagonal or other polygonal ring piece

In the embodiment of the present application, the specific shapes of the hollow groove 212 , the conductive sheet 213 , and the split ring sheet 214 are not further limited, and may be any combination of the above-mentioned shapes.

In one embodiment, the materials of the conductive body 211 , the conductive sheet 213 and the split ring sheet 214 may be the same or different. The materials of the conductive body 211 , the conductive sheet 213 , and the split ring sheet 214 may be conductive materials, such as metal materials, alloy materials, conductive silicone materials, graphite materials, etc., or may be materials with high dielectric constant, such as high dielectric constant. Dielectric constant of glass, plastic, ceramics, etc.

The dielectric layer 220 is a non-metallic functional layer that can be used to support and fix the array structure 210. By alternately stacking the dielectric layer 220 and the array structure 210, the spaced distribution of the two-layer array structure 210 can be realized, and at the same time, the two-layer array structure 210 can be distributed with each other. 210 together constitute a phase delay unit.

In one embodiment, the material of the dielectric layer 220 is an electrically insulating material, which will not interfere with the electric field of the electromagnetic wave. For example, the material of the medium layer 220 can be PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) material, ARM synthetic material, which is generally made of silica gel, PET and other specially processed materials. Optionally, each dielectric layer 220 is the same, for example, in thickness, material, and the like.

In one embodiment, the plurality of hollow grooves 212 of the same layer of the array structure 210 may be arranged in a two-dimensional array. The array direction of the two-dimensional array may include a row direction and a column direction. If the plane where the array structure 210 is located is a plane formed by the X axis and the Y axis, the X axis direction is the row direction, and the Y axis direction is the column direction. Correspondingly, the plurality of conductive sheets 213 of the same layer of the array structure 210 are also arranged in a two-dimensional array, the plurality of open ring sheets 214 of the same layer of the array structure 210 are also arranged in a two-dimensional array, and the plurality of openings of the same layer of the array structure 210 are also arranged in a two-dimensional array. The opening directions of the ring pieces 214 are the same. The hollow grooves 212, conductive sheets 213, and open ring sheets 214 in the first array structure P1 and the second array structure P2 can be represented by coordinates P(x, y). The center position of the hollow groove 212 , the conductive sheet 213 and the split ring sheet 214 is shown.

In the two-layer array structure 210, the two hollow grooves 212 located at the same relative position are coaxially disposed, that is, the two split ring pieces 214 located at the same relative position in the first array structure P1 and the second array structure P2 are located at the same relative position. on the same axis. The axis is a straight line passing through any of the split ring pieces 214 . It should be noted that, the two hollowed-out grooves 212 at the same relative position can be understood as two hollowed-out grooves 212 with the same coordinates P(x, y).

In the two-layer array structure 210 , the opening directions of the split ring pieces 214 in the same-layer array structure 210 are the same, and the opening directions of the split ring pieces 214 in the two hollow grooves 212 disposed coaxially are opposite. That is, the split rings of the first array structure and the second array structure are in opposite directions (antisymmetric). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4 , the opening of each split ring piece 214 includes two end points, which are denoted as A and B respectively, and the center of each split ring sheet 214 is denoted as O, and its opening angle can be understood as ∠ The angle of AOB and the opening direction can be understood as the orientation of ∠AOB, and can also be understood as the extension direction of the branch line in ∠AOB.

The conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollowed-out grooves 212 in the same array structure 210 have gradient sizes of the conductive sheets in the array direction. The size of the conductive sheet includes the size of the conductive sheet 213 in the array direction. For example, the dimension of the conductive sheet 213 in the row direction can be understood as the width dimension w, and the dimension of the conductive sheet 213 in the column direction can be understood as the length dimension l. In this embodiment of the present application, the size of the conductive sheet at least includes the length dimension l. In the embodiment of the present application, the opening direction of the split ring sheet 214 is perpendicular to the direction of the length dimension l of the conductive sheet 213 and parallel to the direction of the width dimension w of the conductive sheet 213 .

In the above array lens, the two hollow grooves 212 located at the same relative position in the two-layer array structure 210 are coaxially disposed, and the opening directions of the split ring pieces 214 in the two hollow grooves 212 are opposite, and there are many holes in the same array structure 210 . The conductive sheets 213 in each of the hollow slots 212 have a gradual size of the conductive sheets in the array direction. When the electromagnetic wave is incident on the array lens, the array lens can compensate the phase distribution of different frequency bands, so that the radiated source radiated far away from the focal point will not be radiated. Electromagnetic waves can also be well converged, which can keep the focal plane of the array lens unchanged in a wider frequency range, greatly reduce the decrease in the gain of the defocused beam, and greatly improve the scanning angle of the lens antenna. Compared with the system, the lens profile of this solution is lower, which is more conducive to integration in electronic devices such as mobile phones.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 , at least two of the hollow grooves 212 in the array structure 210 of each layer are in a two-dimensional array, for example, they can be two N*M (5*5) arrays. A dimensional array, that is, a hollow slot 212 including N rows and M columns (5 rows and 5 columns). Wherein, each hollow slot 212 is provided with a conductive sheet 213 and an open ring sheet 214 . That is, at least two conductive sheets 213 in each layer of the array structure 210 also form a two-dimensional array. The array direction of the two-dimensional array includes row direction and column direction.

In the embodiment of the present application, the hollow groove 212 is a circular hollow groove, the conductive sheet 213 is a rectangular conductive sheet, and the split ring sheet 214 is a circular split ring sheet as an example for description.

The conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollowed-out grooves 212 in the same array structure 210 have gradient conductive sheet sizes in the row direction.

Specifically, the size of the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow slots 212 in the same array structure 210 in the row direction decreases symmetrically from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array to the edge of the array. The size of the conductive sheet in the direction does not change. It can be understood that in the same array structure 210, the conductive sheet size of at least two conductive sheets 213 in each row decreases symmetrically from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array to the array edge, and at least two conductive sheets in each column The size of the conductive sheet of the conductive sheet 213 does not change. Wherein, the size of the conductive sheet is the length dimension l. For example, the length dimensions l of the first to fifth columns in the same row are respectively l ₁ , l ₂ , l ₃ , l ₄ , and l ₅ , where l ₁ =l ₅ <l ₂ =l ₄ <l ₃ .

It should be noted that, in the two-dimensional array, the direction of the first center line s1 is the same as the column direction, and the direction of the second center line s2 is the same as the row direction. The plurality of hollow slots 212 in each layer of the array structure 210 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the first center line s1 and are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second center line s2. Symmetrical reduction can be understood as the reduction of symmetry in arithmetic progression, proportional progression or random number. In the embodiment of the present application, the specific form of reduction is not further limited.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 6 , the size of the conductive sheet includes a length dimension l and a width dimension w. For example, the length dimension l of the first column to the fifth column in the third row is l ₃₁ , l ₃₂ , l ₃₃ , l ₃₄ , l ₃₅ , where l ₃₁ =l ₃₅ <l ₃₂ =l ₃₄ <l ₃₃ . The width dimensions w of the first to fifth columns in the third row are respectively w ₃₁ , w ₃₂ , w ₃₃ , w ₃₄ , and w ₃₅ , where w ₃₁ =w ₃₅ <w ₃₂ =w ₃₄ <w ₃₃ .

In one embodiment, the hollowed-out grooves 212 in the array structure 210 are disposed independently of each other, and in the array direction, the center distances of two adjacent hollowed-out grooves 212 are equal. Specifically, in the row direction, the first center distance p1 of the two adjacent hollow slots 212 is equal; in the column direction, the second center distance p2 of the two adjacent hollow slots 212 is the same. Wherein, the first center distance p1 is equal to the second center distance p2.

In the embodiment of the present application, the working frequency band of the array lens can be adjusted by selecting appropriate first center distance p1, second center distance p2, opening direction of the split ring sheet 214, and size of the conductive sheet, for example, by designing a suitable The size of the array lens can keep the working frequency band of the array lens in the 5G millimeter wave frequency band and so on.

When the array lens is applied to a lens antenna including a feed array, the two-layer array structure 210 and the dielectric layer 220 in the array lens together constitute a phase delay unit. In the same array structure 210 , the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow grooves 212 have a gradual size of the conductive sheets in the row direction, and the opening directions of the coaxially disposed split ring sheets 214 are opposite, which will cause a certain phase shift. Wherein, in the lateral direction (that is, the row direction), the phase shift achieved by each column (that is, the column direction) satisfies Φ(x)=πx ² /λf. Among them, x is the distance between the center of the split ring piece 214 and the first center line s1, λ is the design frequency point (that is, the emission frequency of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed array), and f is the distance between the array lens and the feed array (that is, the array focal length of the lens). This phase shift distribution can realize the translation symmetry of the phase shift of the array lens with respect to the first center line s1, so that the electromagnetic wave radiated by the feed unit that is far away from the focus can be better absorbed in the row direction (X-axis direction) of the array lens. Convergence to the ground, reducing the decrease in the gain of the off-focus beam, and improving the scanning angle of the lens antenna. Meanwhile, the opening directions of the coaxially disposed split ring pieces 214 are opposite, which can improve the bandwidth of the lens antenna.

As shown in FIG. 7 , in one embodiment, the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow grooves 212 in the same array structure 210 have gradient conductive sheet sizes in the row direction. The conductive strips 213 in each of the hollowed-out slots 212 have a graded conductive strip size in the column direction.

Specifically, the size of the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow slots 212 in the same array structure 210 in the row direction decreases symmetrically from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array to the edge of the array. The size of the conductive sheet in the column direction decreases symmetrically from the second centerline of the two-dimensional array to the edge of the array. It can be understood that in the same array structure 210, the conductive sheet size of at least two conductive sheets 213 in each row decreases symmetrically from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array to the array edge, and at least two conductive sheets in each column The size of the conductive sheet 213 decreases symmetrically from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array to the edge of the array. Wherein, the size of the conductive sheet is the length dimension l. For example, the length dimension l of the first column to the fifth column in the third row is l ₃₁ , l ₃₂ , l ₃₃ , l ₃₄ , l ₃₅ , where l ₃₁ =l ₃₅ <l ₃₂ =l ₃₄ <l ₃₃ ; The length dimension l of the first row to the fifth row of the third column is l ₁₃ , l ₂₃ , l ₃₃ , l ₄₃ , l ₅₃ , where l ₁₃ =l ₅₃ <l ₂₃ =l ₄₃ <l ₃₃ .

Optionally, the size of the conductive sheet may further include a width dimension w. For example, the width dimensions w of the first to fifth columns in the third row are respectively w ₃₁ , w ₃₂ , w ₃₃ , w ₃₄ , and w ₃₅ , where w ₃₁ =w ₃₅ <w ₃₂ =w ₃₄ <w ₃₃ ; The length dimension l of the first row to the fifth row of the third column is respectively w ₁₃ , w ₂₃ , w ₃₃ , w ₄₃ , w ₅₃ , where w ₁₃ =w ₅₃ <w ₂₃ =w ₄₃ <w ₃₃ .

When the array lens is applied to a lens antenna including a feed array, the two-layer array structure 210 and the dielectric layer 220 in the array lens together constitute a phase delay unit. In the same array structure 210 , the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow grooves 212 have a gradual size of the conductive sheets in the row direction, and the opening directions of the coaxially disposed split ring sheets 214 are opposite, which will cause a certain phase shift. Wherein, in the lateral direction (that is, the row direction), the phase shift achieved by each column (that is, the column direction) satisfies Φ(x)=πx ² /λf. Among them, x is the distance between the center of the split ring sheet 214 and the first center line s1, λ is the design frequency point (that is, the emission frequency of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed array), and f is the distance between the array lens and the feed array (that is, the array focal length of the lens). In the longitudinal direction (ie, the column direction), the phase shift amount achieved in each course (ie, the row direction) satisfies Φ(x)=πx ² /λf. Among them, x is the distance between the center of the split ring piece 214 and the second center line s2, λ is the design frequency point (that is, the emission frequency of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed array), and f is the distance between the array lens and the feed array (that is, the array focal length of the lens)

This phase shift distribution can realize the translation symmetry of the phase shift of the array lens with respect to the first center line s1 and the second center line s2, so that the electromagnetic wave radiated by the feed unit that is far away from the focus is in the row direction of the array lens (X axis Both the direction) and the column direction (Y-axis direction) can be well converged, reducing the decrease in the gain of the off-focus beam and improving the scanning angle of the lens antenna. At the same time, the opening directions of the coaxially arranged split ring pieces 214 are opposite, which can improve the bandwidth of the lens antenna.

As shown in FIG. 8 , in one of the embodiments, the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow grooves 212 in the same array structure 210 have a gradient of the conductive sheet size in the array direction, and the plurality of hollow grooves in the same array structure 210 The split ring pieces 214 in 212 have a gradual opening angle in the array direction, and the opening directions of the split ring pieces 214 are the same.

It should be noted that, during the gradual change of the opening angle, the two end points A and B at the opening of the split ring sheet 214 move in the opposite direction along the arc of the split ring sheet 214 at the same time (as shown in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3 ) ), and the amount of movement is the same.

Specifically, the opening angle of each row of split ring sheets 214 increases symmetrically from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array to the edge of the array, and at least two split ring sheets 214 in the same column have the same opening angle. For example, the split ring pieces 214 in the array structure 210 are in a two-dimensional array of 5*5 (five rows and five columns), wherein the opening angles of the split ring pieces 214 in the first to fifth columns of the third row are respectively are θ ₃₁ , θ ₃₂ , θ ₃₃ , θ ₃₄ , and θ ₃₅ , where θ ₃₁ =θ ₃₅ >θ ₃₂ =θ ₃₄ >θ ₃₃ .

Optionally, the opening angle of each row of split ring sheets 214 increases symmetrically from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array to the edge of the array, and the opening angle of each row of split ring sheets 214 is determined by the second center of the two-dimensional array. Lines increase symmetrically towards the edge of the array. For example, the split ring pieces 214 in the array structure 210 are in a two-dimensional array of 5*5 (five rows and five columns), wherein the opening angles of the split ring pieces 214 in the first column to the fifth column of the third row are respectively θ ₃₁ , θ ₃₂ , θ ₃₃ , θ ₃₄ , θ ₃₅ , where θ ₃₁ =θ ₃₅ >θ ₃₂ =θ ₃₄ >θ ₃₃ . The opening angles of the split ring pieces 214 in the first row to the fifth row of the third column are respectively θ ₁₃ , θ ₂₃ , θ ₃₃ , θ ₄₃ , θ ₅₃ , where θ ₁₃ =θ ₅₃ >θ ₂₃ =θ ₄₃ > θ ₃₃ .

In one embodiment, the opening angle of each split ring piece 214 in the same array structure 210 is less than or equal to 180 degrees.

It should be noted that the difference (δ1, δ2, δ3) between two adjacent opening angles may be equal (for example, 15°, 30°, etc.), may be an arithmetic sequence, may be a proportional sequence, or The random number is not further limited in this embodiment of the present application.

In other embodiments, the various embodiments with a gradual opening angle and each of the embodiments with a gradual conductive sheet size can also be combined arbitrarily, which will not be repeated here.

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 9 , in one embodiment, the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollowed-out grooves 212 in the same array structure 210 have gradient conductive sheet sizes in the array direction. Each of the open ring pieces 214 in the hollow grooves 212 has a gradual ring width dimension in the array direction. The ring width dimension can be understood as the circular ring width r of the split ring piece 214 .

For example, the ring width dimension r of the split ring pieces 214 in the plurality of hollow grooves 212 in the same array structure 210 decreases symmetrically in the row direction from the first center line s1 of the two-dimensional array to the edge of the array, or , the ring width dimension r of the split ring pieces 214 in the plurality of hollow grooves 212 in the same array structure 210 decreases symmetrically from the second center line s2 of the two-dimensional array to the array edge in the column direction.

In the array lens of the present embodiment, the conductive sheets 213 in the plurality of hollow grooves 212 in the same array structure 210 have a gradually changing size of the conductive sheet along the array direction, and the split ring sheets 214 have a gradually changing ring width along the array direction. When the array lens is applied to the lens antenna, the phase distribution of different frequency bands can be further compensated, and the bandwidth of the lens antenna and the scanning angle of the lens antenna can be further improved.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a lens antenna. As shown in FIG. 10 a , the lens antenna includes: any one of the array lenses 20 in the above embodiments, and a feed array 30 arranged in parallel with the array lens 20 .

In one embodiment, the feed array 30 includes at least two feed units 310. When feeding different feed units 310 in the feed array 30, electromagnetic waves are incident on the lens array lens 20, and the lens antenna will radiate the electromagnetic waves. High-gain beams with different directions can obtain different beam directions, thereby realizing beam scanning.

Further, the feed array 30 can be a center-symmetric structure, and the center of the feed array 30 can be placed at the focal point of the lens array lens 20 .

As shown in FIG. 10b, in one embodiment, the lens antenna further includes a first isolation plate 410 and a second isolation plate 420 arranged in parallel, and the feed array 30 and the array lens 20 are arranged in the The space between the first isolation plate 410 and the second isolation plate 420 is used to reduce leakage of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the feed array 30 .

In one embodiment, both the first isolation plate 410 and the second isolation plate 420 may be metal flat plates.

In this embodiment, placing the array lens 20 and the feed array 30 between the first isolation plate 410 and the second isolation plate 420 can reduce the leakage of electromagnetic waves radiated by the feed, thereby improving the efficiency of the antenna and improving the structure of the antenna at the same time. strength.

Embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device, including the lens antenna in any of the foregoing embodiments. The electronic device with the lens antenna of any of the above embodiments can be suitable for the transmission and reception of millimeter-wave signals in 5G communication. At the same time, the lens antenna has a short focal length and a small size, which is easy to integrate into electronic devices, and can reduce the size of the lens antenna in electronic devices. Occupied space within the device.

The electronic device may include a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a handheld computer, a Mobile Internet Device (MID), a wearable device (such as a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.) or other antennas that can be set communication module.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11 , the electronic device further includes a detection module 1110 , a switch module 1120 and a control module 1130 . The control module 1130 is respectively connected with the detection module 1110 and the switch module 1120 .

In one embodiment, the detection module 1110 can acquire the beam signal intensity of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the lens antenna when each of the feed units 310 is in a working state. The detection module 1110 is further configured to detect and acquire parameters such as the power of the received electromagnetic wave, the electromagnetic wave absorption ratio or the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of the lens antenna when each of the feed units 310 is in a working state.

In one embodiment, the switch module 1120 is connected to the feed array 30 for selectively conducting the connection path with any of the feed units 310 . In one embodiment, the switch module 1120 may include an input terminal and at least two output terminals, wherein the input terminal is connected to the control module 1130 , and the at least two output terminals are respectively connected to the at least two feed units 310 in a one-to-one correspondence. The switch module 1120 can be used to receive the switching command sent by the control module 1130 to control the on and off of each switch in the switch module 1120, and to control the on-and-off connection between the switch module 1120 and any antenna feed unit 310, so as to Make any one of the antenna feed units 310 in the working (conducting) state.

In one embodiment, the control module 1130 can control the switch module 1120 according to a preset strategy to make each feeding unit in a working state, respectively, to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves, so as to obtain different beam directions, thereby realizing beam scanning. When any feed unit 310 is in the working state, the detection module 1110 can correspondingly acquire the beam signal intensity of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the current lens antenna. Referring to FIG. 12 , taking the 7-element feed array 30 as an example, a beam scanning pattern is obtained by simulation. For example, when the feed array 30 includes five feed units 310, the detection module 1110 can obtain five beam signal strengths correspondingly, screen out the strongest beam signal strength, and assign the strongest beam signal strength The corresponding feed unit 310 serves as the target feed unit 310 . The switching command issued by the control module 1130 controls the conductive connection between the switch module 1120 and the target feed unit 310, so that the target feed unit 310 is in a working (on) state.

In the electronic device in this embodiment, by switching the switches so that each feed unit 310 of the feed array 30 is in a working state alone, different beam directions can be obtained, thereby realizing beam scanning without the need for a direction shifter and attenuation. device, greatly reducing the cost.

Any reference to a memory, storage, database, or other medium as used herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. Suitable nonvolatile memory may include read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), Memory Bus (Rambus) Direct RAM (RDRAM), Direct Memory Bus Dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and Memory Bus Dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description simple, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features It is considered to be the range described in this specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent several embodiments of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (15)

1. An array lens of , comprising:

   a dielectric layer;

   the two layers of array structures are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the dielectric layer; wherein the array structure comprises a conductive body, a plurality of hollow grooves arranged in a two-dimensional array are arranged on the conductive body, a conductive sheet and a split ring piece arranged around the conductive sheet are arranged in each hollow groove, the conductive body, the conductive sheet and the split ring piece are separated from each other,

   the two hollow-out grooves which are positioned at opposite positions of in the two-layer array structure are coaxially arranged, the opening directions of the opening ring pieces in the two hollow-out grooves are opposite, and the conducting pieces in the plurality of hollow-out grooves in the same array structure have gradually changed conducting piece sizes in the array direction.
2. 2. The array lens of claim 1, wherein the array direction of the two-dimensional array comprises a row direction and a column direction, and wherein the conductive sheets in the plurality of hollowed-out grooves in the array structure have a gradual conductive sheet size in the row direction at .
3. 3. The array lens of claim 2, wherein the size of the conducting strips in the row direction of the conducting strips in the plurality of hollowed-out grooves in the array structure of is symmetrically reduced from the center line of the two-dimensional array to the edge of the array, and the size of the conducting strips in the column direction is unchanged.
4. 4. The array lens of claim 2, wherein the conductive strips in the plurality of hollowed-out grooves of the array structure have a gradually changing conductive strip size in the column direction.
5. 5. The array lens of claim 4, wherein the conductive sheet size in the row direction of the conductive sheets in the plurality of hollowed-out grooves of the array structure decreases symmetrically from the center line of the two-dimensional array to the edge of the array, and the conductive sheet size in the column direction decreases symmetrically from the second center line of the two-dimensional array to the edge of the array.
6. 6. The array lens of claim 2, wherein the conductive sheet dimension comprises at least a length dimension of the conductive sheet in the column direction.
7. 7. The array lens of any of of claims 1-6, wherein the open ring segments in multiple hollowed-out grooves of the array structure have gradually changing opening angles in the array direction.
8. 8. The array lens of claim 7, wherein the array direction comprises a row direction and a column direction, and wherein the opening angle of the open ring segments in the plurality of hollow-out grooves in the array structure in the row direction symmetrically increases from the center line of the two-dimensional array to the array edge and the opening angle in the column direction does not change, or the opening angle of the open ring segments in the plurality of hollow-out grooves in the array structure in the row direction symmetrically increases from the center line of the two-dimensional array to the array edge and the opening angle in the column direction symmetrically increases from the second center line of the two-dimensional array to the array edge.
9. 9. The array lens of claim 1, wherein the open ring segments of the plurality of hollow-out grooves in the array structure of have a gradually changing ring width dimension in the array direction.
10. 10. The array lens according to claim 1, wherein the distance between centers of two adjacent hollow grooves in the array direction is equal.
11. A lens antenna of the type 11, , comprising:

    a feed array comprising at least two feed units;

    the array lens of any of claims 1-10 disposed parallel to the array of feeds.
12. 12. The lens antenna of claim 11, further comprising th and second spacers arranged in parallel, wherein the feed array and the lens are arranged between the th and second spacers.
13. An electronic device of , comprising the lens antenna of any of claims 11-12 through .
14. 14. The electronic device of claim 13, further comprising:

    the detection module is used for acquiring the beam signal intensity of the lens antenna when each feed source unit is in a working state;

    the switch module is connected with the feed source array and used for selectively conducting a connection path with any of the feed source units;

    and the control module is respectively connected with the detection module and the switch module and is used for controlling the switch module according to the beam signal intensity so as to enable the feed source unit corresponding to the strongest beam signal intensity to be in a working state.
15. 15. The electronic device of claim 13, wherein the number of lens antennas is plural.

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