CN110736437A - Auxiliary measuring device and deformation measuring method for vehicle collision deformation - Google Patents
Auxiliary measuring device and deformation measuring method for vehicle collision deformation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle collision deformation auxiliary measuring device and a deformation measuring method, wherein the measuring device comprises four laser type gradienters, the four gradienters are arranged at the outer sides of four corners of a measured vehicle, connecting lines among the four gradienters form rectangles, each gradienter is provided with two laser type distance measuring sensor modules which are horizontally arranged, the two sensor modules are arranged at 90 degrees, the traditional direct measuring mode is changed into an indirect measuring mode, auxiliary reference lines are arranged through the gradienters, the deformation of a vehicle body is measured by using the auxiliary reference lines, the problem that the measuring reference lines are difficult to accurately find after the vehicle body is deformed is solved, the measuring precision is improved, the vehicle speed calculating structure is closer to the actual condition in the measuring mode of establishing the auxiliary measuring reference lines through the gradienters, the time consumption of the field measuring process is short, and the measuring device can be completely used for the rapid measuring requirements of vehicles in traffic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of road traffic accident reappearance, in particular to an auxiliary measuring device and a deformation measuring method for vehicle collision deformation.
Background
At present, when the traffic police department of the ministry of public security of China carries out statistical analysis on road traffic accidents, the road traffic accidents are classified into front collision, rear-end collision, side collision, opposite scraping, same-direction scraping, rolling, vehicle rollover, vehicle crash, fire, fixed objects and the like, according to the statistics of the ministry of public security of , the proportion of the collision accidents in various traffic accidents of China can be reached, casualties caused by the collision accidents account for , and the number of the accidents, the casualties and the economic loss of the vehicle-to-vehicle collision traffic accidents including the front collision, the rear-end collision and the side collision account for more than the corresponding total number, so that the traffic police department of the ministry of public security of China becomes the main form of modern road traffic accidents.
When a third party appraisal mechanism in China currently identifies a traffic accident, road traffic accident reappearance simulation software developed by Welan teaching of Changan university is usually selected, when the vehicle-vehicle collision is simulated, equivalent deformation X after the collision of a vehicle needs to be input, when the X is calculated, the actual deformation area boundary dimension of a deformation part after the vehicle collision along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the vehicle needs to be measured, two deformation measurement devices are mainly adopted at present, are approximate measurements by using a tower ruler or a tower ruler, but because a vehicle body near a measuring tape vehicle collision part is also deformed during the collision, the measurement reference is difficult to find quickly and accurately, when the collision deformation is large, even the measurement reference position cannot be found directly, the vehicle-vehicle collision reference position is taken as an example, when a vehicle-vehicle collision baseline section at a certain height of a Szechwan mountain in 2019, the left side of the vehicle collision is still difficult to be found by , the measurement reference point is not found, the measurement reference point is the front side of a vehicle collision with a car fender, the front fender is a front side of a front fender, the front side of a front fender is a front side of a front fender, the automobile collision with a front fender, the automobile is still difficult to be found, the automobile, the front side of the automobile, the automobile is found out, the automobile collision baseline, the automobile is found out, the measurement reference point is found out, the left side of the automobile, the automobile collision baseline, the automobile is found out, the automobile collision baseline, the measurement reference point is found out, the automobile is found out, the measurement reference point is found out, the left side of the automobile, the automobile collision of the automobile, the automobile is found out, the automobile collision of the automobile, the automobile is found out, the automobile is found;
some automobiles choose to measure a certain undeformed side of an automobile body which is not collided as a reference, for example, in the above case, a tower ruler or a tape measure can be used for extending forward to measure by taking the transverse vertical side of the tail of the automobile as a reference line, but the measurement mode needs the tower ruler or the tape measure to pass through a chassis, so that the measurement reading of the front measured position is very difficult, and the reading is also easy to cause inaccuracy; for some crash vehicles with engine or transmission dropout, the lower part of the chassis is difficult to pass through.
Another accurate measurement methods are to place the accident vehicle on a large three-coordinate measuring machine, set a part of the vehicle where no deformation occurs as the origin, measure the top view contour line of the accident vehicle, and then overlap the contour line with the top view contour line of the normal vehicle at , and measure the deformation after comparison.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide vehicle collision deformation auxiliary measuring devices and deformation measuring methods with high measuring speed and high measuring precision, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
The four gradienters are arranged at the outer sides of four corners of the measured vehicle, so that connecting lines among the four gradienters form rectangles, and the size of the rectangles is larger than the outline size of the measured vehicle in a top view;
a connecting flange plate is arranged above each level meter or on the side surface of the tripod, two laser type distance measuring sensor modules which are horizontally arranged are arranged on the connecting flange plate in a bolt mode, and the two sensor modules are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees;
the laser type distance measuring sensor module comprises a laser emitting tube and a laser receiving tube, wherein a control line of the laser emitting tube is linked with a signal output end of a single chip microcomputer, a signal output line of the laser receiving tube is linked with a signal input end of the single chip microcomputer, the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer is also connected with a signal input end of a wireless signal transmission module, and power lines of the wireless signal transmission module, the laser emitting tube and the single chip microcomputer are connected with a storage battery power line of the level gauge; the wireless signal transmitted by the wireless signal transmission module is received by a wireless signal receiving device arranged on the smart phone or the notebook computer, and the distance parameter is transmitted to the smart phone or the notebook computer.
Preferably, the gradienter is a 12-line gradienter, the gradienter emits light rays similar to three planes of a rectangular coordinate system, namely, each four light rays form planes, the three planes are mutually vertical to form an XY/YZ/ZX three plane in the rectangular coordinate system, wherein the XY plane is the horizontal plane of an automobile, and the Z axis is the vertical direction of the automobile;
the single chip microcomputer is an STC89C52 single chip microcomputer or an STC90C51RC single chip microcomputer, and the wireless signal transmission module is a wifi module or a Bluetooth module.
Preferably, the lower part bottom surface of spirit level is connected or the welding with the upper end interference fit of the connecting axle of vertical placing, and the bearing is penetrated to the lower part of connecting axle, and the bearing is placed in the bearing housing hole that the tripod up end set up, makes the spirit level can rotate around the connecting axle.
According to the auxiliary measuring device for vehicle collision deformation, the deformation measuring method comprises the following steps of sequentially positioning No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 gradienters to be placed according to the placing sequence:
a. determining the collision position of the measured vehicle, selecting corners of the measured vehicle farthest from the deformation position as reference positions, placing a No. 1 level outside the corners, and enabling XY plane laser emitted by the No. 1 level to irradiate the side face of the measured vehicle, wherein the laser line is marked as an A-1 line;
the laser of a YZ plane and a ZX plane emitted by the level 1 is irradiated on the ground and positioned on the outer side of the automobile, wherein the mark of the two laser lines along the transverse direction of the automobile is a line B-1, and the mark of the two laser lines along the longitudinal direction of the automobile is a line C-1;
taking the line B-1 as a reference line, measuring the distance L1 from the line B-1 to the head or the tail of the vehicle by using a sliding staff or a length ruler, wherein the measuring method of L1 is to select two symmetrical points on the head or the tail of the vehicle close to the line B-1, measure the horizontal distances L1-1 and L1-2 from the two symmetrical points to the line B-1, adjust the angle of the line B-1 to ensure that the difference between L1-1 and L1-2 is less than +/-2% of the width W0 of the vehicle, and measure the horizontal distance between the line B-1 and the most protruded position of the head or the tail of the vehicle along the length direction, wherein the horizontal distance is L1;
b. placing a No. 2 level at another corner of the automobile along the direction of a line B-1, adjusting the height of the No. 2 level to ensure that a line A-2 sent by the No. 2 level is coincided with the line A-1, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 2 level to ensure that a line B-2 sent by the No. 2 level is coincided with the line B-1;
c. placing a No. 3 level meter at another corner of the automobile along the C-2 line direction sent by the No. 2 level meter, adjusting the height of the No. 3 level meter to ensure that the A-3 line sent by the No. 3 level meter is superposed with the A-2 line, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 3 level meter to ensure that the C-3 line sent by the No. 3 level meter is superposed with the C-2 line;
d. placing a No. 4 level at another corner of the automobile along the direction of the line B-3, adjusting the height of the No. 4 level to ensure that the line A-4 sent by the No. 4 level is coincided with the line A-3, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 4 level to ensure that the line B-4 sent by the No. 4 level is coincided with the line B-3;
e. checking the coincidence degree of the C-4 light and the C-1 light emitted by the No. 4 level meter, and measuring by using a caliper or an angle gauge, wherein if the distance between the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-3% or +/-4% or +/-5% of the automobile length L0, or the intersection angle of the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-2 degrees or +/-3 degrees or +/-4 degrees, the next step is entered, and if not, the step a is returned to the step d again;
f. the control single chip microcomputer reads horizontal distances W00-1, WOO-2, L00-1 and L00-2 between every two laser levels measured by laser ranging sensor modules arranged on the four laser levels, and calculates according to the following formula:
ΔW00＝(W00-1)-(W00-2)
ΔL00＝(L00-1)-(L00-2)
if the conditions that the delta W00 is less than or equal to +/-2% or +/-3% or +/-4% of the W0 and the delta L00 is less than or equal to +/-3% or +/-4% or +/-5% are met, then
W00＝(W00-1+W00-2)/2
L00＝(L00-1+L00-2)/2
Then go to step ;
otherwise, returning to the step a to repeat the steps a to f;
g. taking the line B-3/B-4 as a reference line, measuring the longitudinal distance L3 from the reference line to a certain point in the automobile deformation part, and calculating the longitudinal actual deformation X10 of the automobile at the point according to the following formula:
X10＝L3-L2
L2＝L00-L1-L0
X10＝L3-(L00-L1-L0)
taking the C-2/C-3 line as a datum line, measuring the transverse distance W3 from the datum line to a certain point in the automobile body deformation part, then respectively measuring the horizontal distance W2 from the C-2/C-3 line to the automobile side surface and the horizontal distance W1 from the C-1 line to the automobile side surface, and calculating the transverse actual deformation Y10 of the automobile at the point according to the following formula:
Y10＝W3-W2
W2＝W00-W1-W0
Y10＝W3-(W00-W1-W0)
h. selecting the vertical side face with the maximum deformation in the left vertical side face and the right vertical side face of the automobile body as the face of the 2 nd point, repeating the step g to obtain the abscissa parameter X11 of the 2 nd point, wherein the ordinate parameter is 0, connecting the 2 points, and calculating the equivalent plastic deformation X of the automobile according to the following formula1：
In the above formula y11 is the width of the vehicle body, i.e. WO;
i. and finishing the measurement.
Preferably, X calculated in step h is1Bringing in the simulation software for reproducing the road traffic accident of Changan university to convert X into1As equivalent of colliding vehicles in simulation softwareAnd calculating the vehicle-vehicle collision speed according to the plastic deformation parameters.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the traditional direct measurement mode is changed into an indirect measurement mode, the level meter is provided with the auxiliary reference line, the auxiliary reference line is used for measuring the deformation of the vehicle body, the problem that the measurement reference line cannot be accurately found after the vehicle body deforms is solved, the measurement precision is improved, the vehicle speed calculation structure is closer to the actual condition under the measurement mode that the auxiliary measurement reference line is built through the level meter, the time consumption of the field measurement process is short, and the rapid measurement requirement of the vehicle in the traffic accident field can be completely met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an automotive vehicle body prior to impact;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the automotive body after impact;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a post-crash automotive body measurement;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of point location calculation of a vehicle body deformation region;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of two laser levels correcting height;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a laser level configuration;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating calculation of equivalent plastic deformation of an automobile;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a single chip microcomputer;
FIG. 9 is a pin diagram of a STC89C52 single chip microcomputer;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the direct method for measuring the deformation of the car;
FIG. 11 is a scene diagram of a road traffic accident in example ;
fig. 12 is a schematic line projection of the level 12.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of of the present invention, rather than all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 12, in the embodiment of the present invention, the measuring device includes four laser levels 1, and the lower portion of the level 1 is connected to a tripod so that the level 1 can rotate around a vertical axis; the bottom surface of the lower part of each level 1 can be connected with or welded with the upper end of a vertically arranged connecting shaft 11 in an interference fit manner, the lower part of the connecting shaft 11 penetrates through a bearing, and the bearing is arranged in a bearing seat hole arranged on the upper end surface of a tripod 12, so that the level 1 can rotate around the connecting shaft 11; it is also possible to provide a turntable between the bottom of the level 1 and the upper part of the tripod 12, the configuration and dimensions of which can be directly selected from the relevant standards;
the four gradienters 1 are arranged at the outer sides of the four corners of the measured vehicle, so that the connecting lines of the four gradienters form rectangles, and the size of each rectangle is larger than the outline size of the measured vehicle in a top view;
the level 1 is a 12-line level, the level emits lights similar to three planes of a rectangular coordinate system, namely four lights forming rectangles are emitted in each plane in the rectangular coordinate system, the four lights form planes, the three planes are mutually vertical to form XY/YZ/ZX three planes in the rectangular coordinate system, wherein the XY plane is the horizontal plane of an automobile, the Z axis is the vertical direction of the automobile, and the X axis is the longitudinal direction of the automobile;
the laser level meter 1 is a YGDSSPY-0603 12 line level meter of the Yagu company or a 3D12 line level meter of the Longyun company; the laser level meter can also be designed according to the requirement;
a connecting flange plate is arranged above each level 1 or on the side surface of the tripod, two laser type distance measuring sensor modules 3 which are horizontally arranged are arranged on the connecting flange plate in a bolt mode, and the two sensor modules 3 are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees;
the laser type distance measuring sensor module 3 comprises a laser emitting tube 31 and a laser receiving tube 32, wherein a control line of the laser emitting tube 31 is linked with a signal output end of a single chip microcomputer 33, a signal output line of the laser receiving tube 32 is linked with a signal input end of the single chip microcomputer 33, the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer 33 is also connected with a signal input end of a wireless signal transmission module 34, and power lines of the wireless signal transmission module 34, the laser emitting tube 31 and the single chip microcomputer 33 are connected with a power line of a storage battery arranged on the level gauge 1; the wireless signal transmitted by the wireless signal transmission module 34 is received by a wireless signal receiving device arranged on the smart phone or the notebook computer, and the distance parameter is transmitted to the smart phone or the notebook computer;
the singlechip 33 is an STC89C52 singlechip or an STC90C51RC singlechip, and the two singlechips respectively comprise necessary parts which form a singlechip minimum control system, such as a processor, a memory, a timer, a reset circuit, a general I/O interface and the like, so that other electronic devices are not required to be additionally added, and the singlechip can be directly connected with a sensor or an actuator to realize a data reading or control function; the wireless signal transmission module 34 is a wifi module or a bluetooth module, such as a BT08B bluetooth module or an SPP-CA bluetooth module; or a USR-C322WIFI module or a UT-9061WIFI module; the laser type distance measuring sensor module 3 can be a KLH-01T-20hz sensor module which is provided with a programmable controller, the programmable controller can be directly connected with a notebook computer through a USB interface for programming, and can also send a distance signal to the singlechip 33 through an I/O port, so that the distance is effectively measured for 50m outdoors; the laser type distance measuring sensor module 3 can also be a TW10S-UART laser distance measuring sensor module which is also provided with a programmable controller and a communication interface and can directly communicate with an STC89C52 single chip microcomputer after measuring data.
The auxiliary measuring device for the vehicle collision deformation comprises the following deformation measuring methods: 4 gradienters to be placed are sequentially positioned by No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 according to the placing sequence, and then the following operations are sequentially carried out:
a. determining the collision position of the measured vehicle, selecting corners of the measured vehicle farthest from the deformation position as reference positions, placing No. 1 level meters 1 outside the corners, and enabling XY plane laser emitted by the No. 1 level meters 1 to irradiate the side faces of the measured vehicle, wherein the laser lines are marked as A-1 lines;
laser of a YZ plane and a ZX plane emitted by the level 1 is irradiated on the ground and positioned on the outer side of the automobile, wherein the mark of the two laser lines along the transverse direction of the automobile is a line B-1, and the mark of the two laser lines along the longitudinal direction of the automobile is a line C-1;
taking the line B-1 as a reference line, measuring the distance L1 from the line B-1 to the head or the tail of the vehicle by using a sliding staff or a length ruler, wherein the measuring method of L1 is to select two symmetrical points on the head or the tail of the vehicle close to the line B-1, measure the horizontal distances L1-1 and L1-2 from the two symmetrical points to the line B-1, adjust the angle of the line B-1 to ensure that the difference between L1-1 and L1-2 is less than +/-2% of the width W0 of the vehicle, and measure the horizontal distance between the line B-1 and the most protruded position of the head or the tail of the vehicle along the length direction, wherein the horizontal distance is L1; the symmetrical point can be the mounting position of headlights or fog lights on two sides of the vehicle body, a point position which is easy to find on a gap of fenders on two sides, or the centers of wheels which are not deformed on two sides; the automobile width W0 and the length L0 can be directly found out according to the VIN code of the automobile;
after analysis according to multiple traffic accidents, when the vehicle-vehicle collision is in a front collision or a rear-end collision or a front-side collision, the deformation of the head or the tail of the vehicle which is not collided is the minimum, and even if the vehicle is subjected to a side collision, the deformation of the head or the tail of the vehicle far away from a side collision point is smaller, so that the measurement accuracy can be effectively improved by selecting the transverse vertical side of the head or the tail of the vehicle which is not collided as the th reference surface in the measurement method;
b. placing a No. 2 level 1 at another corner of the automobile along the direction of a line B-1, adjusting the height of the No. 2 level to ensure that a line A-2 emitted by the No. 2 level coincides with the line A-1, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 2 level around a vertical axis to ensure that a line B-2 emitted by the No. 2 level coincides with the line B-1;
c. placing the No. 3 level 1 at another corner of the automobile along the C-2 line direction sent by the No. 2 level 1, adjusting the height of the No. 3 level to ensure that the A-3 line sent by the No. 3 level coincides with the A-2 line, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 3 level to ensure that the C-3 line sent by the No. 3 level coincides with the C-2 line;
d. placing a No. 4 level 1 at another corner of the automobile along the direction of a line B-3, adjusting the height of the No. 4 level 1 to ensure that a line A-4 sent by the No. 4 level coincides with the line A-3, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 4 level to ensure that a line B-4 sent by the No. 4 level coincides with the line B-3;
e. checking the coincidence degree of the C-4 light ray and the C-1 light ray emitted by the No. 4 level meter 1, and measuring by using a caliper or a protractor, if the distance between the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-3% or +/-4% or +/-5% of the automobile length L0, or the intersection angle of the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-2 degrees or +/-3 degrees or +/-4 degrees, entering the next step , otherwise, returning to the step a to repeat the steps a to d;
f. the control single chip microcomputer 33 reads horizontal distances W00-1, WOO-2, L00-1 and L00-2 between every two laser levels 1 measured by the laser ranging sensor modules 3 arranged on the four laser levels 1, and calculates according to the following formula:
ΔW00＝(W00-1)-(W00-2)
ΔL00＝(L00-1)-(L00-2)
if the conditions that delta W00 is not less than +/-2% or +/-3% or +/-4% of W0 and delta L00 is not less than +/-3% or +/-4% or +/-5% are met, the four gradienters (1) can form rectangles with higher precision, and the average value can be taken as the calculation size
W00＝((W00-1)+(W00-2))/2
L00＝((L00-1)+(L00-2))/2
Then go to step ;
otherwise, returning to the step a to repeat the steps a to f;
g. taking the line B-3/B-4 as a reference line, measuring the longitudinal distance L3 from the reference line to a certain point in the automobile deformation part by using a tower ruler or a tape measure, and calculating the actual longitudinal deformation X10 of the automobile at the point according to the following formula:
X10＝L3-L2
L2＝L00-L1-L0
X10＝L3-(L00-L1-L0)
taking the C-2/C-3 line as a datum line, measuring the transverse distance W3 from the datum line to a certain point in the automobile body deformation part, then respectively measuring the horizontal distance W2 from the C-2/C-3 line to the automobile side surface and the horizontal distance W1 from the C-1 line to the automobile side surface, and calculating the transverse actual deformation Y10 of the automobile at the point according to the following formula:
Y10＝W3-W2
W2＝W00-W1-W0
Y10＝W3-(W00-W1-W0)
h. selecting the vertical side face with the maximum deformation in the left vertical side face and the right vertical side face of the automobile body as the face of the 2 nd point, repeating the step g to obtain the abscissa parameter X11 of the 2 nd point, wherein the ordinate parameter is 0, connecting the 2 points, and calculating the equivalent plastic deformation X of the automobile according to the following formula1：
In the above formula y11 is the width of the vehicle body, i.e. WO;
as shown in fig. 7, the calculation method in the step h is a calculation method of an equivalent plastic deformation amount of vehicle-vehicle collision in a calculation method of an instant vehicle speed of a road traffic accident specified in the appendix of GB/T33195-2016;
i. and finishing the measurement.
According to the measurement process in the step g, the problem of inaccurate measurement caused by vehicle collision deformation is solved or reduced by adopting an indirect measurement method, namely rectangular light type reference line frames with the size larger than that of a vehicle body are formed on the ground after projected laser lines of four laser levels 1 are calibrated, then the distances between two sides of each reference line frame, namely the non-collision side and the collision side are measured respectively, then the size of each reference line frame is read out through a distance measuring sensor module, and finally the actual deformation of the vehicle body is obtained through a corresponding calculation formula.
And (4) substituting the X1 calculated in the step h into road traffic accident reproduction simulation software developed by Changan university, and calculating the vehicle-vehicle collision speed by taking the X1 as the equivalent plastic deformation parameter of the collided vehicle in the simulation software to realize the simulation reproduction of the accident.
Example
The actual case of the car direct collision accident in the background art is analyzed, as shown in fig. 11, when the accident occurs, the road surface is a wet asphalt road surface, the road surface adhesion coefficient is 0.6, the distance between the impression starting point and the reference line of the right rear tire of the car is 335cm, the distance between the impression terminal point and the reference line is 660cm, and the distance between two points generated by projecting the impression starting point and the impression terminal point to the reference line is 260 cm. The front wheels are positioned on the reference line, and the distance between the front wheels and the reference line is 60 cm; the distance between two points generated by projecting the left rear wheel of the trolley and the left rear wheel of the truck to a reference line is 226cm, the distance between the left front wheel of the car and the reference line is 760cm, the distance between the left rear wheel and the reference line is 540cm, and the distance between the right rear wheel and the reference line is 660 cm;
in this accident, the engine at the front of the car is stuck, as shown in fig. 10, the field measurement method is to measure the point where the front bumper of the car deforms less as a reference point, the measurement size is found out from the new car size by considering the size from the front end of the body bumper to the front end of the car, then the measurement size is added to the new size, and the two reference point sizes measured according to the requirements of fig. 7 are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 measurement points location parameter (cm)
| X10 | 60 |
| Y10 | 106 |
| X11 | 90 |
| Y11 | 172.5 |
The equivalent plastic deformation of the automobile calculated according to the point position is 46.1 cm;
and (3) calculating the result: when the road surface adhesion coefficient is 0.6, the instantaneous vehicle speed before the car accident is about 69.5Km/h, and the instantaneous vehicle speed before the truck accident is about 53.5 Km/h.
When the second measurement is carried out on site, the technical scheme of the application is selected to carry out the steps a to h, and the sizes of the two reference points are shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 second measurement Point location parameters (cm)
| X10 | 62.5 |
| Y10 | 106.8 |
| X11 | 93.5 |
| Y11 | 172.5 |
The equivalent plastic deformation of the automobile calculated according to the point position is 48.3 cm;
and (3) calculating the result: when the road surface adhesion coefficient is 0.6, the instantaneous vehicle speed before the car accident is about 73.2Km/h, and the instantaneous vehicle speed before the truck accident is about 54.5 Km/h.
When the accident happens, according to the video called by the field monitoring, the result obtained by calculating by using video speed calculation software is that the instantaneous vehicle speed before the accident of the car is about 72Km/h, and the instantaneous vehicle speed before the accident of the truck is about 55 Km/h.
The calculation process of the embodiment can be seen, when the auxiliary measuring device is used for measuring vehicle deformation, the traditional direct measurement mode is changed into the indirect measurement mode, the auxiliary datum line is arranged through the level gauge, the vehicle body deformation is measured by utilizing the auxiliary datum line, the problem that the measurement datum line cannot be found accurately after the vehicle body is deformed is solved, the measurement precision is improved, the calculation structure of the vehicle speed is closer to the actual condition under the measurement mode that the auxiliary measurement datum line is built through the level gauge, the time consumption of the field measurement process is short, and the quick measurement device can be completely used for the quick measurement requirement of vehicles on the scene of traffic accidents.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The auxiliary measuring device for the vehicle collision deformation is characterized by comprising four laser type gradienters (1), wherein the lower parts of the gradienters (1) are connected with a tripod to enable the gradienters (1) to rotate around a vertical axis;
a connecting flange plate is arranged above each level (1) or on the side surface of a tripod, two laser type distance measuring sensor modules (3) which are horizontally arranged are arranged on the connecting flange plate in a bolt mode, and the two sensor modules (3) are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees;
the laser type distance measuring sensor module (3) comprises a laser emitting tube (31) and a laser receiving tube (32), wherein a control line of the laser emitting tube (31) is linked with a signal output end of a single chip microcomputer (33), a signal output line of the laser receiving tube (32) is linked with a signal input end of the single chip microcomputer (33), the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer (33) is further connected with a signal input end of a wireless signal transmission module (34), and power lines of the wireless signal transmission module (34), the laser emitting tube (31) and the single chip microcomputer (33) are connected with a storage battery power line of the level meter (1); the wireless signal transmitted by the wireless signal transmission module (34) is received by a wireless signal receiving device arranged on the smart phone or the notebook computer, and the distance parameter is transmitted to the smart phone or the notebook computer.
2. The auxiliary measuring device for vehicle collision deformation according to claim 1, wherein the level meter (1) is a 12-line level meter, which emits lights similar to three planes of a rectangular coordinate system, that is, planes are formed by every four lights, and the three planes are perpendicular to each other to form three XY/YZ/ZX planes in the rectangular coordinate system, wherein the XY plane is the horizontal plane of the automobile, and the Z axis is the vertical direction of the automobile, the level meter (1) is a YGDSSPY-0603 12-line level meter from Yagu company, or a 3D 12-line level meter from Longyun company;
the single chip microcomputer (33) is an STC89C52 single chip microcomputer or an STC90C51RC single chip microcomputer, and the wireless signal transmission module (34) is a wifi module or a Bluetooth module.
3. The vehicle collision deformation auxiliary measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower part bottom surface of spirit level (1) is connected or the welding with the upper end interference fit of the connecting axle (11) of vertical placing, and the bearing is penetrated to the lower part of connecting axle (11), and the bearing is placed in the bearing housing hole that tripod (12) up end set up, makes spirit level (1) can rotate around connecting axle (11).
4. The vehicle collision deformation auxiliary measuring device according to claim 1, a method of performing deformation measurement, characterized in that: 4 gradienters to be placed are sequentially positioned by No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 according to the placing sequence, and then the following operations are sequentially carried out:
a. determining the collision position of the measured vehicle, selecting corners of the measured vehicle farthest from the deformation position as reference positions, placing No. 1 gradienter (1) outside the corners, and enabling XY plane laser emitted by the No. 1 gradienter (1) to irradiate the side face of the measured vehicle body, wherein the laser line is marked as A-1 line;
laser of a YZ plane and a ZX plane emitted by the level 1 is irradiated on the ground and positioned on the outer side of the automobile, wherein the mark of the two laser lines in the transverse direction of the automobile is a line B-1, and the mark of the two laser lines in the longitudinal direction of the automobile is a line C-1;
taking the line B-1 as a reference line, measuring the distance L1 from the line B-1 to the head or the tail of the vehicle by using a sliding staff or a length ruler, wherein the measuring method of L1 is to select two symmetrical points on the head or the tail of the vehicle close to the line B-1, measure the horizontal distances L1-1 and L1-2 from the two symmetrical points to the line B-1, adjust the angle of the line B-1 to ensure that the difference between L1-1 and L1-2 is less than +/-2% of the width W0 of the vehicle, and measure the horizontal distance between the line B-1 and the most protruded position of the head or the tail of the vehicle along the length direction, wherein the horizontal distance is L1;
b. placing a No. 2 level (1) at another corner of the automobile along the direction of a line B-1, adjusting the height of the No. 2 level to ensure that a line A-2 sent by the No. 2 level is superposed with the line A-1, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 2 level to ensure that a line B-2 sent by the No. 2 level is superposed with the line B-1;
c. placing a No. 3 level (1) at another corner of the automobile along the C-2 line direction sent by the No. 2 level (1), adjusting the height of the No. 3 level to ensure that the A-3 line sent by the No. 3 level is superposed with the A-2 line, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 3 level to ensure that the C-3 line sent by the No. 3 level is superposed with the C-2 line;
d. placing a No. 4 level (1) at another corner of the automobile along the direction of a line B-3, adjusting the height of the No. 4 level (1) to ensure that the line A-4 sent by the No. 4 level coincides with the line A-3, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 4 level to ensure that the line B-4 sent by the No. 4 level coincides with the line B-3;
e. checking the coincidence ratio of the C-4 light ray and the C-1 light ray emitted by the No. 4 level meter (1), and measuring by using a caliper or a protractor, if the distance between the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-3% or +/-4% or +/-5% of the automobile length L0, or the intersection angle of the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-2 degrees or +/-3 degrees or +/-4 degrees, entering a next step , otherwise, returning to the step a to repeat the steps a to d;
f. the control single chip microcomputer (33) reads horizontal distances W00-1, W00-2, L00-1 and L00-2 between every two laser levels (1) measured by laser ranging sensor modules (3) arranged on the four laser levels (1), and calculates according to the following formula:
ΔW00＝(W00-1)-(W00-2)
ΔL00＝(L00-1)-(L00-2)
if the conditions that the delta W00 is less than or equal to +/-2% or +/-3% or +/-4% of the W0 and the delta L00 is less than or equal to +/-3% or +/-4% or +/-5% are met, then
W00＝(W00-1+W00-2)/2
L00＝(L00-1+L00-2)/2
Then go to step ;
otherwise, returning to the step a to repeat the steps a to f;
g. taking the line B-3/B-4 as a reference line, measuring the longitudinal distance L3 from the reference line to a certain point in the automobile deformation part, and calculating the longitudinal actual deformation X10 of the automobile at the point according to the following formula:
X10＝L3-L2
L2＝L00-L1-L0
X10＝L3-(L00-L1-L0)
taking the C-2/C-3 line as a datum line, measuring the transverse distance W3 from the datum line to a certain point in the automobile body deformation part, then respectively measuring the horizontal distance W2 from the C-2/C-3 line to the automobile side surface and the horizontal distance W1 from the C-1 line to the automobile side surface, and calculating the transverse actual deformation Y10 of the automobile at the point according to the following formula:
Y10＝W3-W2
W2＝W00-W1-W0
Y10＝W3-(W00-W1-W0)
h. selecting the vertical side face with the maximum deformation in the left vertical side face and the right vertical side face of the automobile body as the face of the 2 nd point, repeating the step g to obtain the abscissa parameter X11 of the 2 nd point, wherein the ordinate parameter is 0, connecting the 2 points, and calculating the equivalent plastic deformation X of the automobile according to the following formula1：
In the above formula, y11 is the vehicle body width, i.e., W0;
i. and finishing the measurement.
5. The method for deformation measurement of a vehicle collision deformation auxiliary measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: mixing X calculated in step h1Bringing in the simulation software for reproducing the road traffic accident of Changan university to convert X into1And calculating the vehicle-vehicle collision speed as the equivalent plastic deformation parameter of the collided vehicle in the simulation software.
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