CN111649686B - High-precision vehicle collision deformation measuring method - Google Patents
High-precision vehicle collision deformation measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111649686B CN111649686B CN202010576559.4A CN202010576559A CN111649686B CN 111649686 B CN111649686 B CN 111649686B CN 202010576559 A CN202010576559 A CN 202010576559A CN 111649686 B CN111649686 B CN 111649686B
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- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision measuring method for vehicle collision deformation, wherein a measuring device comprises four laser type gradienters, the four gradienters are arranged at the outer sides of four corners of a measured vehicle, so that connecting lines among the four gradienters form a rectangle, each gradienter is provided with two laser type distance measuring sensor modules which are horizontally arranged, and the two sensor modules are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees; the traditional direct measurement mode is changed into an indirect measurement mode, the level meter is provided with the auxiliary reference line, the auxiliary reference line is used for measuring the deformation of the vehicle body, the problem that the measurement reference line cannot be accurately found after the vehicle body deforms is solved, the measurement precision is improved, the vehicle speed calculation structure is closer to the actual condition under the measurement mode that the auxiliary measurement reference line is built through the level meter, the time consumption of the field measurement process is short, and the rapid measurement requirement of the vehicle in the traffic accident field can be completely met.
Description
The application has the following application numbers: 201911231089.1, filing date: 2019-12-04, patent name "auxiliary measuring device for vehicle collision deformation and deformation measuring method".
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of road traffic accident reappearance, in particular to a high-precision measurement method for vehicle collision deformation.
Background
At present, when the traffic police department of the ministry of public security of China carries out statistical analysis on road traffic accidents, the road traffic accidents are classified into front collision, rear-end collision, side collision, opposite scraping, same-direction scraping, rolling over, car falling, fire catching, fixed object collision and the like. According to the statistics of the ministry of public security of one year, the proportion of collision accidents in various traffic accidents in China can be reached, casualties caused by the collision accidents account for one, and vehicle-to-vehicle collision traffic accidents including front collision, rear-end collision and side collision account for more than corresponding total number of accidents, casualties and economic losses, so that the traffic accidents become the main form of modern road traffic accidents.
The vehicle collision traffic accident reappearance refers to the process of re-describing, simulating and replaying the accident, and aims to understand the behavior of the vehicle before the collision and the whole process so as to reasonably judge the attribution of accident responsibility. At present, when a third-party identification mechanism in China identifies traffic accidents, road traffic accident reappearing simulation software developed by Wenlang professor of Changan university is usually selected, the software needs to input an equivalent deformation X after the collision of a collided vehicle when simulating the vehicle-vehicle collision, and needs to measure the actual deformation region boundary dimension of the deformation part along the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the vehicle after the collision of the vehicle when calculating the X, two deformation measurement devices are mainly adopted at present, one is approximate measurement by using a tower ruler or a tape measure, but because a vehicle body near the collision part of the vehicle is deformed during the collision, a measurement reference is difficult to quickly and accurately find, when the collision deformation is large, the measurement reference position cannot be directly found, by taking the vehicle-vehicle collision accident occurring at a certain high-speed road section of Sichuan Mount Gaizhan in 2019 as an example, as shown in figure 1, a modern car which is not collided, the overall length is L0, the overall width is W0, as shown in fig. 2, after the head of the vehicle collides with the oncoming vehicle in a head-on collision, the right bumper and the engine compartment side member collapse backward, the right front fender deforms seriously, and the engine compartment left front side member deforms, bends and extends, so that the left bumper and the left front fender protrude slightly forward, when measuring the size of the deformation region of the vehicle, the reference line on the left side of the measurement size L01 is difficult to locate, that is, the overall length of the vehicle changes and the length direction foremost position disappears, and the reference line on the right side of the measurement size W01 is also difficult to locate, that is, the body width of the engine compartment portion deforms and the right side width reference disappears, so that it is a common practice to empirically estimate the distance at the front end of the vehicle to draw a front end reference line or a side reference line, the measurement is inaccurate, or the end face with small deformation of the front bumper of the automobile is taken as a reference point for measurement, and then the distance between the front end of the bumper and the front end of the automobile is measured, but the accuracy of the reference point is still difficult to ensure because the bumper is deformed in advance;
some automobiles choose to measure a certain undeformed side of an automobile body which is not collided as a reference, for example, in the above case, a tower ruler or a tape measure can be used for extending forward to measure by taking the transverse vertical side of the tail of the automobile as a reference line, but the measurement mode needs the tower ruler or the tape measure to pass through a chassis, so that the measurement reading of the front measured position is very difficult, and the reading is also easy to cause inaccuracy; for some crash vehicles with engine or transmission dropout, the lower part of the chassis is difficult to pass through.
Another accurate measurement method is to place the accident vehicle on a large three-coordinate measuring instrument, set a certain part of the vehicle which is not deformed as an original point, measure the top view contour line of the accident vehicle, overlap the contour line with the top view contour line of the normal vehicle, and measure the deformation after comparison.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-precision vehicle collision deformation measuring method with high measuring speed and high measuring precision, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the auxiliary measuring device for the vehicle collision deformation comprises four laser type gradienters, wherein the lower parts of the gradienters are connected with a tripod so that the gradienters can rotate around a vertical axis; the four gradienters are arranged at the outer sides of the four corners of the measured automobile, so that the connecting lines of the four gradienters form a rectangle, and the size of the rectangle is larger than the outline size of the measured automobile in a top view;
a connecting flange plate is arranged above each level meter or on the side surface of the tripod, two laser type distance measuring sensor modules which are horizontally arranged are arranged on the connecting flange plate in a bolt mode, and the two sensor modules are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees;
the laser type distance measuring sensor module comprises a laser emitting tube and a laser receiving tube, wherein a control line of the laser emitting tube is linked with a signal output end of a single chip microcomputer, a signal output line of the laser receiving tube is linked with a signal input end of the single chip microcomputer, the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer is also connected with a signal input end of a wireless signal transmission module, and power lines of the wireless signal transmission module, the laser emitting tube and the single chip microcomputer are connected with a storage battery power line of the level gauge; the wireless signal transmitted by the wireless signal transmission module is received by a wireless signal receiving device arranged on the smart phone or the notebook computer, and the distance parameter is transmitted to the smart phone or the notebook computer.
Preferably, the level meter is a 12-line level meter, the level meter emits light rays similar to three planes of a rectangular coordinate system, namely every four light rays form one plane, the three planes are mutually vertical to form three XY/YZ/ZX planes in the rectangular coordinate system, wherein the XY plane is the horizontal plane of an automobile, and the Z axis is the vertical direction of the automobile; the level meter is a YGDSSPY-0603 type 12 line level meter of the Yagu company or a 3D12 line level meter of the Longyun company;
the single chip microcomputer is an STC89C52 single chip microcomputer or an STC90C51RC single chip microcomputer, and the wireless signal transmission module is a wifi module or a Bluetooth module.
Preferably, the lower part bottom surface of spirit level is connected or the welding with the upper end interference fit of the connecting axle of vertical placing, and the bearing is penetrated to the lower part of connecting axle, and the bearing is placed in the bearing housing hole that the tripod up end set up, makes the spirit level can rotate around the connecting axle.
According to the auxiliary measuring device for vehicle collision deformation, the deformation measuring method comprises the following steps of sequentially positioning No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 gradienters to be placed according to the placing sequence:
a. determining the collision position of the measured vehicle, selecting an angle which is farthest away from the deformation position in the measured vehicle as a reference position, placing a No. 1 level outside the angle, and enabling XY plane laser emitted by the No. 1 level to irradiate the side face of the measured vehicle body, wherein the laser line is marked as an A-1 line;
the laser of a YZ plane and a ZX plane emitted by the level 1 is irradiated on the ground and positioned on the outer side of the automobile, wherein the mark of the two laser lines along the transverse direction of the automobile is a line B-1, and the mark of the two laser lines along the longitudinal direction of the automobile is a line C-1;
taking the line B-1 as a reference line, measuring the distance L1 from the line B-1 to the head or the tail of the vehicle by using a sliding staff or a length ruler, wherein the measuring method of L1 is to select two symmetrical points on the head or the tail of the vehicle close to the line B-1, measure the horizontal distances L1-1 and L1-2 from the two symmetrical points to the line B-1, adjust the angle of the line B-1 to ensure that the difference between L1-1 and L1-2 is less than +/-2% of the width W0 of the vehicle, and measure the horizontal distance between the line B-1 and the most protruded position of the head or the tail of the vehicle along the length direction, wherein the horizontal distance is L1;
b. placing a No. 2 level at the other angular point of the automobile along the direction of the line B-1, adjusting the height of the No. 2 level to ensure that the line A-2 sent by the No. 2 level is superposed with the line A-1, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 2 level to ensure that the line B-2 sent by the No. 2 level is superposed with the line B-1;
c. placing a No. 3 level gauge at the other angular point of the automobile along the direction of a C-2 line sent by the No. 2 level gauge, adjusting the height of the No. 3 level gauge to enable an A-3 line sent by the No. 3 level gauge to be overlapped with the A-2 line, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 3 level gauge to enable a C-3 line sent by the No. 3 level gauge to be overlapped with the C-2 line;
d. placing a No. 4 level at the other angular point of the automobile along the direction of the line B-3, adjusting the height of the No. 4 level to ensure that the line A-4 sent by the No. 4 level is superposed with the line A-3, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 4 level to ensure that the line B-4 sent by the No. 4 level is superposed with the line B-3;
e. checking the coincidence degree of the C-4 light and the C-1 light emitted by the No. 4 level meter, and measuring by using a caliper or a protractor, if the distance between the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-3% or +/-4% or +/-5% of the automobile length L0, or the intersection angle of the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-2 degrees or +/-3 degrees or +/-4 degrees, entering the next step, otherwise, returning to the step a to perform the steps a to d again;
f. the control single chip microcomputer reads horizontal distances W00-1, W00-2, L00-1 and L00-2 between every two laser levels measured by laser ranging sensor modules arranged on the four laser levels, and calculates according to the following formula:
ΔW00＝(W00-1)-(W00-2)
ΔL00＝(L00-1)-(L00-2)
if the conditions that the delta W00 is less than or equal to +/-2% or +/-3% or +/-4% of the W0 and the delta L00 is less than or equal to +/-3% or +/-4% or +/-5% are met, then
W00＝(W00-1+W00-2)/2
L00＝(L00-1+L00-2)/2
Then entering the next step;
otherwise, returning to the step a to repeat the steps a to f;
g. taking the line B-3/B-4 as a reference line, measuring the longitudinal distance L3 from the reference line to a certain point in the automobile deformation part, and calculating the longitudinal actual deformation X10 of the automobile at the point according to the following formula:
X10＝L3-L2
L2＝L00-L1-L0
X10＝L3-(L00-L1-L0)
taking the C-2/C-3 line as a datum line, measuring the transverse distance W3 from the datum line to a certain point in the automobile body deformation part, then respectively measuring the horizontal distance W2 from the C-2/C-3 line to the automobile side surface and the horizontal distance W1 from the C-1 line to the automobile side surface, and calculating the transverse actual deformation Y10 of the automobile at the point according to the following formula:
Y10＝W3-W2
W2＝W00-W1-W0
Y10＝W3-(W00-W1-W0)
h. selecting the vertical side face with the maximum deformation in the left vertical side face and the right vertical side face of the automobile body as the face of the 2 nd point, repeating the step g to obtain the abscissa parameter X11 of the 2 nd point, wherein the ordinate parameter is 0, connecting the 2 points, and calculating the equivalent plastic deformation X of the automobile according to the following formula1：
In the above formula y11 is the width of the vehicle body, i.e. WO;
i. and finishing the measurement.
Preferably, X calculated in step h is1Bringing in the simulation software for reproducing the road traffic accident of Changan university to convert X into1And calculating the vehicle-vehicle collision speed as the equivalent plastic deformation parameter of the collided vehicle in the simulation software.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the traditional direct measurement mode is changed into an indirect measurement mode, the level meter is provided with the auxiliary reference line, the auxiliary reference line is used for measuring the deformation of the vehicle body, the problem that the measurement reference line cannot be accurately found after the vehicle body deforms is solved, the measurement precision is improved, the vehicle speed calculation structure is closer to the actual condition under the measurement mode that the auxiliary measurement reference line is built through the level meter, the time consumption of the field measurement process is short, and the rapid measurement requirement of the vehicle in the traffic accident field can be completely met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an automotive vehicle body prior to impact;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the automotive body after impact;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a post-crash automotive body measurement;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of point location calculation of a vehicle body deformation region;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of two laser levels correcting height;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a laser level configuration;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating calculation of equivalent plastic deformation of an automobile;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a single chip microcomputer;
FIG. 9 is a pin diagram of a STC89C52 single chip microcomputer;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the direct method for measuring the deformation of the car;
FIG. 11 is a scene diagram of a road traffic accident according to the first embodiment;
fig. 12 is a schematic line projection of the level 12.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 12, in the embodiment of the present invention, the measuring device includes four laser levels 1, and the lower portion of the level 1 is connected to a tripod so that the level 1 can rotate around a vertical axis; the bottom surface of the lower part of each level 1 can be connected with or welded with the upper end of a vertically arranged connecting shaft 11 in an interference fit manner, the lower part of the connecting shaft 11 penetrates through a bearing, and the bearing is arranged in a bearing seat hole arranged on the upper end surface of a tripod 12, so that the level 1 can rotate around the connecting shaft 11; it is also possible to provide a turntable between the bottom of the level 1 and the upper part of the tripod 12, the configuration and dimensions of which can be directly selected from the relevant standards;
the four gradienters 1 are arranged at the outer sides of the four corners of the measured automobile, so that the connecting lines of the four gradienters form a rectangle, and the size of the rectangle is larger than the outline size of the measured automobile in a top view;
the level 1 is a 12-line level, the level emits light rays similar to three planes of a rectangular coordinate system, namely, four light rays forming a rectangle are emitted in each plane in the rectangular coordinate system, the four light rays form a plane, the three planes are mutually vertical to form an XY/YZ/ZX three planes in the rectangular coordinate system, wherein the XY plane is the horizontal plane of an automobile, the Z axis is the vertical direction of the automobile, and the X axis is the longitudinal direction of the automobile;
the laser level meter 1 is a YGDSSPY-0603 12 line level meter of the Yagu company or a 3D12 line level meter of the Longyun company; the laser level meter can also be designed according to the requirement;
a connecting flange plate is arranged above each level 1 or on the side surface of the tripod, two laser type distance measuring sensor modules 3 which are horizontally arranged are arranged on the connecting flange plate in a bolt mode, and the two sensor modules 3 are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees;
the laser type distance measuring sensor module 3 comprises a laser emitting tube 31 and a laser receiving tube 32, wherein a control line of the laser emitting tube 31 is linked with a signal output end of a single chip microcomputer 33, a signal output line of the laser receiving tube 32 is linked with a signal input end of the single chip microcomputer 33, the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer 33 is also connected with a signal input end of a wireless signal transmission module 34, and power lines of the wireless signal transmission module 34, the laser emitting tube 31 and the single chip microcomputer 33 are connected with a power line of a storage battery arranged on the level gauge 1; the wireless signal transmitted by the wireless signal transmission module 34 is received by a wireless signal receiving device arranged on the smart phone or the notebook computer, and the distance parameter is transmitted to the smart phone or the notebook computer;
the singlechip 33 is an STC89C52 singlechip or an STC90C51RC singlechip, and the two singlechips respectively comprise necessary parts which form a singlechip minimum control system, such as a processor, a memory, a timer, a reset circuit, a universal I/0 interface and the like, so that other electronic devices are not required to be additionally added, and the singlechip can be directly connected with a sensor or an actuator to realize a data reading or control function; the wireless signal transmission module 34 is a wifi module or a bluetooth module, such as a BT08B bluetooth module or an SPP-CA bluetooth module; or a USR-C322 WIFI module or a UT-9061 WIFI module; the laser type distance measuring sensor module 3 can be a KLH-01T-20hz sensor module which is provided with a programmable controller, the programmable controller can be directly connected with a notebook computer through a USB interface for programming, a distance signal can be sent to the single chip microcomputer 33 through an I/0 port, and the distance is effectively measured for 50m outdoors; the laser type distance measuring sensor module 3 can also be a TW10S-UART laser distance measuring sensor module which is also provided with a programmable controller and a communication interface and can directly communicate with an STC89C52 single chip microcomputer after measuring data.
The auxiliary measuring device for the vehicle collision deformation comprises the following deformation measuring methods: 4 gradienters to be placed are sequentially positioned by No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4 according to the placing sequence, and then the following operations are sequentially carried out:
a. determining the collision position of the measured vehicle, selecting an angle which is farthest away from the deformation position in the measured vehicle as a reference position, placing a No. 1 level meter 1 outside the angle, and enabling XY plane laser emitted by the No. 1 level meter 1 to irradiate the side surface of the measured vehicle body, wherein the laser line is marked as an A-1 line;
laser of a YZ plane and a ZX plane emitted by the level 1 is irradiated on the ground and positioned on the outer side of the automobile, wherein the mark of the two laser lines along the transverse direction of the automobile is a line B-1, and the mark of the two laser lines along the longitudinal direction of the automobile is a line C-1;
taking the line B-1 as a reference line, measuring the distance L1 from the line B-1 to the head or the tail of the vehicle by using a sliding staff or a length ruler, wherein the measuring method of L1 is to select two symmetrical points on the head or the tail of the vehicle close to the line B-1, measure the horizontal distances L1-1 and L1-2 from the two symmetrical points to the line B-1, adjust the angle of the line B-1 to ensure that the difference between L1-1 and L1-2 is less than +/-2% of the width W0 of the vehicle, and measure the horizontal distance between the line B-1 and the most protruded position of the head or the tail of the vehicle along the length direction, wherein the horizontal distance is L1; the symmetrical point can be the mounting position of headlights or fog lights on two sides of the vehicle body, a point position which is easy to find on a gap of fenders on two sides, or the centers of wheels which are not deformed on two sides; the automobile width W0 and the length L0 can be directly found out according to the VIN code of the automobile;
after analysis according to multiple traffic accidents, when the vehicle-vehicle collision is in a front collision or a rear-end collision or a front-side collision, the deformation of the vehicle head or the vehicle tail without collision is minimum, and even if the vehicle is subjected to a side collision, the deformation of the vehicle head or the vehicle tail far away from a side collision point is small, so that the measurement accuracy can be effectively improved by selecting the transverse vertical side of the vehicle head or the vehicle tail without collision as a first reference surface in the measurement method;
b. placing a No. 2 level 1 at the other angular point of the automobile along the direction of a line B-1, adjusting the height of the No. 2 level to ensure that the line A-2 sent by the No. 2 level is superposed with the line A-1, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 2 level around a vertical axis to ensure that the line B-2 sent by the No. 2 level is superposed with the line B-1;
c. placing a No. 3 level 1 at the other angular point of the automobile along the direction of a C-2 line sent by the No. 2 level 1, adjusting the height of the No. 3 level to ensure that an A-3 line sent by the No. 3 level coincides with the A-2 line, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 3 level to ensure that a C-3 line sent by the No. 3 level coincides with the C-2 line;
d. placing a No. 4 level 1 at the other angular point of the automobile along the direction of a line B-3, adjusting the height of the No. 4 level 1 to ensure that the line A-4 sent by the No. 4 level coincides with the line A-3, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 4 level to ensure that the line B-4 sent by the No. 4 level coincides with the line B-3;
e. checking the coincidence degree of the C-4 light ray and the C-1 light ray emitted by the No. 4 level meter 1, and measuring by using a caliper or a protractor, if the distance between the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-3% or +/-4% or +/-5% of the automobile length L0, or the intersection angle of the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-2 degrees or +/-3 degrees or +/-4 degrees, entering the next step, otherwise, returning to the step a to perform the steps a to d again;
f. the control single chip microcomputer 33 reads horizontal distances W00-1, W00-2, L00-1 and L00-2 between every two laser levels 1 measured by the laser ranging sensor modules 3 arranged on the four laser levels 1, and calculates according to the following formula:
ΔW00＝(W00-1)-(W00-2)
ΔL00＝(L00-1)-(L00-2)
if the conditions that delta W00 is not less than +/-2% or +/-3% or +/-4% of W0 and delta L00 is not less than +/-3% or +/-4% or +/-5% are met, the four gradienters (1) can form a rectangle with higher precision, and the average value can be taken as the calculated size
W00＝((W00-1)+(W00-2))/2
L00＝((L00-1)+(L00-2))/2
Then entering the next step;
otherwise, returning to the step a to repeat the steps a to f;
g. taking the line B-3/B-4 as a reference line, measuring the longitudinal distance L3 from the reference line to a certain point in the automobile deformation part by using a tower ruler or a tape measure, and calculating the actual longitudinal deformation X10 of the automobile at the point according to the following formula:
X10＝L3-L2
L2＝L00-L1-L0
X10＝L3-(L00-L1-L0)
taking the C-2/C-3 line as a datum line, measuring the transverse distance W3 from the datum line to a certain point in the automobile body deformation part, then respectively measuring the horizontal distance W2 from the C-2/C-3 line to the automobile side surface and the horizontal distance W1 from the C-1 line to the automobile side surface, and calculating the transverse actual deformation Y10 of the automobile at the point according to the following formula:
Y10＝W3-W2
W2＝W00-W1-W0
Y10＝W3-(W00-W1-W0)
h. the vertical side face with the largest deformation in the left and right vertical side faces of the vehicle body is selected asRepeating the step g on the surface of the 2 nd point to obtain the abscissa parameter X11 of the 2 nd point, wherein the ordinate parameter is 0, connecting the 2 nd points, and calculating the equivalent plastic deformation X of the automobile according to the following formula1：
In the above formula, y11 is the vehicle body width, i.e., W0;
as shown in fig. 7, the calculation method in the step h is a calculation method of an equivalent plastic deformation amount of vehicle-vehicle collision in a calculation method of an instant vehicle speed of a road traffic accident specified in the appendix of GB/T33195-2016;
i. and finishing the measurement.
According to the measurement process in the step g, the scheme adopts an indirect measurement method to eliminate or reduce the problem of inaccurate measurement caused by vehicle collision deformation, namely, a rectangular ray type reference line frame whose size is larger than that of the vehicle body is formed on the ground after projected laser lines of four laser levels 1 are calibrated with each other, then the distance between the two sides of the reference line frame and the side surface which is not collided and the side surface which is collided are respectively measured, then the size of the reference line frame is read out by the distance measuring sensor module, finally the actual deformation of the vehicle body is obtained by the corresponding calculation formula, the measurement reference in the measurement process is more accurate compared with the traditional mode, and the distance between the reference line frame and the collision point of the vehicle body is easy to measure, the measurement can be carried out by directly using a tower ruler or a tape measure, the reading is easier, the time consumption in the measurement process is shorter, and the method can be completely suitable for the field measurement requirement of vehicle-vehicle collision.
And (4) substituting the X1 calculated in the step h into road traffic accident reproduction simulation software developed by Changan university, and calculating the vehicle-vehicle collision speed by taking the X1 as the equivalent plastic deformation parameter of the collided vehicle in the simulation software to realize the simulation reproduction of the accident.
Example one
The actual case of the car direct collision accident in the background art is analyzed, as shown in fig. 11, when the accident occurs, the road surface is a wet asphalt road surface, the road surface adhesion coefficient is 0.6, the distance between the impression starting point and the reference line of the right rear tire of the car is 335cm, the distance between the impression terminal point and the reference line is 660cm, and the distance between two points generated by projecting the impression starting point and the impression terminal point to the reference line is 260 cm. The front wheels are positioned on the reference line, and the distance between the front wheels and the reference line is 60 cm; the distance between two points generated by projecting the left rear wheel of the trolley and the left rear wheel of the truck to a reference line is 226cm, the distance between the left front wheel of the car and the reference line is 760cm, the distance between the left rear wheel and the reference line is 540cm, and the distance between the right rear wheel and the reference line is 660 cm;
in this accident, the engine at the front of the car is stuck, as shown in fig. 10, the field measurement method is to measure the point where the front bumper of the car deforms less as a reference point, the measurement size is found out from the new car size by considering the size from the front end of the body bumper to the front end of the car, then the measurement size is added to the new size, and the two reference point sizes measured according to the requirements of fig. 7 are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 Point location parameters (cm) of first measurement points
| X10 | 60 |
| Y10 | 106 |
| X11 | 90 |
| Y11 | 172.5 |
The equivalent plastic deformation of the automobile calculated according to the point position is 46.1 cm;
and (3) calculating the result: when the road surface adhesion coefficient is 0.6, the instantaneous vehicle speed before the car accident is about 69.5Km/h, and the instantaneous vehicle speed before the truck accident is about 53.5 Km/h.
When the second measurement is carried out on site, the technical scheme of the application is selected to carry out the steps a to h, and the sizes of the two reference points are shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 second measurement Point location parameters (cm)
| X10 | 62.5 |
| Y10 | 106.8 |
| X11 | 93.5 |
| Y11 | 172.5 |
The equivalent plastic deformation of the automobile calculated according to the point position is 48.3 cm;
and (3) calculating the result: when the road surface adhesion coefficient is 0.6, the instantaneous vehicle speed before the car accident is about 73.2Km/h, and the instantaneous vehicle speed before the truck accident is about 54.5 Km/h.
When the accident happens, according to the video called by the field monitoring, the result obtained by calculating by using video speed calculation software is that the instantaneous vehicle speed before the accident of the car is about 72Km/h, and the instantaneous vehicle speed before the accident of the truck is about 55 Km/h.
The calculation process of the embodiment can be seen, when the auxiliary measuring device is used for measuring vehicle deformation, the traditional direct measurement mode is changed into the indirect measurement mode, the auxiliary datum line is arranged through the level gauge, the vehicle body deformation is measured by utilizing the auxiliary datum line, the problem that the measurement datum line cannot be found accurately after the vehicle body is deformed is solved, the measurement precision is improved, the calculation structure of the vehicle speed is closer to the actual condition under the measurement mode that the auxiliary measurement datum line is built through the level gauge, the time consumption of the field measurement process is short, and the quick measurement device can be completely used for the quick measurement requirement of vehicles on the scene of traffic accidents.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The vehicle collision deformation high-precision measurement method uses a measurement device comprising four laser levels (1), wherein the lower parts of the laser levels (1) are connected with a tripod to enable the laser levels (1) to rotate around a vertical axis; the four laser levels (1) are arranged at the outer sides of the four corners of the measured automobile, so that the connecting lines of the four laser levels form a rectangle, and the size of the rectangle is larger than the outline size of the measured automobile in a top view;
a connecting flange plate is arranged above each laser level (1) or on the side surface of a tripod, two laser type distance measuring sensor modules (3) which are horizontally arranged are arranged on the connecting flange plate in a bolt mode, and the two sensor modules (3) are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees;
the laser level meter (1) is a 12-line laser level meter, the laser level meter emits light rays of three planes of a rectangular coordinate system, namely three planes in the rectangular coordinate system, four light rays forming a rectangle are emitted in each plane, the four light rays form a plane, the three planes are mutually vertical to form an XY plane, a YZ plane and a ZX plane in the rectangular coordinate system, wherein the XY plane is the horizontal plane of an automobile, the Z axis is the vertical direction of the automobile, and the X axis is the longitudinal direction of the automobile;
the laser type distance measuring sensor module (3) comprises a laser emitting tube (31) and a laser receiving tube (32), wherein a control line of the laser emitting tube (31) is connected with a signal output end of a single chip microcomputer (33), a signal output line of the laser receiving tube (32) is connected with a signal input end of the single chip microcomputer (33), the signal output end of the single chip microcomputer (33) is further connected with a signal input end of a wireless signal transmission module (34), and power lines of the wireless signal transmission module (34), the laser emitting tube (31) and the single chip microcomputer (33) are connected with a storage battery power line of the laser level meter (1); the wireless signal transmitted by the wireless signal transmission module (34) is received by a wireless signal receiving device arranged on the smart phone or the notebook computer, and the distance parameter is transmitted to the smart phone or the notebook computer;
the laser level meter (1) is a YGDSSPY-0603 12 line laser level meter of the Yagu company or a 3D12 line laser level meter of the Longyun company;
the single chip microcomputer is an STC89C52 single chip microcomputer or an STC90C51RC single chip microcomputer, and the wireless signal transmission module is a wifi module or a Bluetooth module; the laser type distance measuring sensor module (3) is a KLH-01T-20hz sensor module or a TW10S-UART laser distance measuring sensor module;
according to the measuring device, the vehicle collision deformation high-precision measuring method comprises the following steps: 4 laser levels that will wait to put fix a position No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 according to putting the order in proper order, then carry out following operation in order:
a. determining the collision position of the measured vehicle, selecting an angle which is farthest away from the deformation position in the measured vehicle as a reference position, placing a No. 1 laser level meter (1) outside the angle, and marking the laser line which is irradiated on the side surface of the body of the measured vehicle by the XY plane laser emitted by the No. 1 laser level meter (1) as an A-1 line;
the laser of a YZ plane and a ZX plane emitted by the No. 1 laser level meter (1) is irradiated on the ground and positioned on the outer side of an automobile, wherein the mark of the two laser lines along the transverse direction of the automobile is a line B-1, and the mark of the two laser lines along the longitudinal direction of the automobile is a line C-1;
taking the line B-1 as a reference line, measuring the distance L1 from the line B-1 to the head or the tail of the vehicle by using a sliding staff or a vernier caliper, wherein the measuring method of L1 is to select two symmetrical points on the head or the tail of the vehicle close to the line B-1, measure the horizontal distances L1-1 and L1-2 from the two symmetrical points to the line B-1, adjust the angle of the line B-1 to ensure that the difference between L1-1 and L1-2 is less than +/-2 percent of the width W0 of the vehicle, and measure the horizontal distance between the line B-1 and the most protruded position of the head or the tail of the vehicle along the length direction, wherein the horizontal distance is L1;
b. placing a No. 2 laser level (1) at the other angular point of the automobile along the direction of a line B-1, adjusting the height of the No. 2 laser level to ensure that a line A-2 emitted by the No. 2 laser level is superposed with the line A-1, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 2 laser level to ensure that a line B-2 emitted by the No. 2 laser level is superposed with the line B-1;
c. placing the No. 3 laser level (1) at the other angular point of the automobile along the C-2 line direction sent by the No. 2 laser level (1), adjusting the height of the No. 3 laser level to enable the A-3 line sent by the No. 3 laser level to coincide with the A-2 line, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 3 laser level to enable the C-3 line sent by the No. 3 laser level to coincide with the C-2 line;
d. placing a No. 4 laser level (1) at the other angular point of the automobile along the direction of a line B-3, adjusting the height of the No. 4 laser level (1) to ensure that the line A-4 emitted by the No. 4 laser level coincides with the line A-3, and then adjusting the angle of the No. 4 laser level to ensure that the line B-4 emitted by the No. 4 laser level coincides with the line B-3;
e. checking the coincidence degree of the C-4 light and the C-1 light emitted by the No. 4 laser level meter (1), measuring by using a caliper or a protractor, wherein the distance between the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-3% of the automobile length L0, or the distance between the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-4% of the automobile length L0, or the distance between the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-5% of the automobile length L0, or the intersection angle between the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-2 degrees, or the intersection angle between the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-3 degrees, or the intersection angle between the C-4 and the C-1 is less than +/-4 degrees, entering the next step, or returning to the step a to carry out the steps a to d again;
f. the control single chip microcomputer (33) reads horizontal distances W00-1, WOO-2, L00-1 and L00-2 between every two laser levels (1) measured by laser ranging sensor modules (3) arranged on the four laser levels (1), and calculates according to the following formula:
ΔW00=（W00-1）-（W00-2）
ΔL00=（L00-1）-（L00-2）
if the requirement is that the delta W00 is not less than +/-2% of W0, the requirement is that the delta W00 is not less than +/-3% of W0, the requirement is that the delta W00 is not less than +/-4% of W0, and the delta L00 is not less than +/-3%, the delta L00 is not less than +/-4%, or the delta L00 is not less than +/-5%, then
W00=(W00-1+W00-2)/2
L00=(L00-1+L00-2)/2
Then entering the next step;
otherwise, returning to the step a to repeat the steps a to f;
g. taking the line B-3 or B-4 as a reference line, measuring the longitudinal distance L3 from the reference line to a certain point in the automobile deformation part, and calculating the longitudinal actual deformation X10 of the automobile at the point according to the following formula:
X10=L3-L2
L2= L00-L1-L0
X10=L3-（L00-L1-L0）
taking the C-2 or C-3 line as a datum line, measuring the transverse distance W3 from the datum line to a certain point in the automobile body deformation part, then respectively measuring the horizontal distance W2 from the C-2 or C-3 line to the automobile side surface and the horizontal distance W1 from the C-1 line to the automobile side surface, and calculating the transverse actual deformation Y10 of the automobile at the point according to the following formula:
Y10=W3-W2
W2= W00-W1-W0
Y10=W3-（W00-W1-W0）
h. selecting the vertical side face with the maximum deformation in the left vertical side face and the right vertical side face of the automobile body as the face of the 2 nd point, repeating the step g to obtain the abscissa parameter X11 of the 2 nd point, wherein the ordinate parameter is 0, connecting the 2 points, and calculating the equivalent plastic deformation X1 of the automobile according to the following formula:
in the above formula, Y11 is the vehicle body width, i.e., WO;
the automobile width W0 and the length L0 are directly found out according to the VIN code of the automobile;
i. and finishing the measurement.
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