CN110731178B - Grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control function - Google Patents
Grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control function Download PDFInfo
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- CN110731178B CN110731178B CN201911221907.XA CN201911221907A CN110731178B CN 110731178 B CN110731178 B CN 110731178B CN 201911221907 A CN201911221907 A CN 201911221907A CN 110731178 B CN110731178 B CN 110731178B
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 70
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020985 whole grains Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/14—Containers specially adapted for storing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F25/00—Storing agricultural or horticultural produce; Hanging-up harvested fruit
- A01F25/16—Arrangements in forage silos
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
- A23B9/10—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
- A23B9/16—Preserving with chemicals
- A23B9/18—Preserving with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23B9/20—Preserving with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/51—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for storing agricultural or horticultural products
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
Abstract
The grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control is characterized in that a temperature control layer is arranged on the bin wall of a bin body of the simulation bin, a movable top cover is arranged on the top of the bin body, and heat preservation layers are arranged at the bottom of the bin body, in the temperature control layer and in an interlayer of the movable top cover; a water inlet is arranged at the outer side of the lower end of the temperature control layer; a water outlet and an overflow port are arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the temperature control layer; the center of the inner side of the bottom of the bin body is provided with an overground cage, and the wall of the bin is provided with an air inlet which is communicated with the overground cage; the upper end of the bin body is provided with an air outlet; the upper part in the bin body is provided with a grain condition measuring and controlling machine, a nitrogen concentration detector and an electronic hygrothermograph which are connected with a measuring and controlling panel; the grain condition measuring and controlling machine is connected with a temperature measuring cable. The simulation bin can accurately control the temperature, and the accuracy is up to +/-0.1 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a grain storage simulation bin, in particular to a grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control.
Background
"people are national bases, and the valleys are civil life". Grain is a main resource for national survival and national development, and grain safety is an important basis for national safety, so that grain reserve has great significance for ensuring the 'long-term security' of the grain safety in China. The grain reserve in China is large, the storage period is long, the quality loss and the storage energy consumption are scientifically and reasonably reduced, which is always the focus of the grain industry in China, so that it is important to explore the influence of factors such as temperature, humidity, gas components and the like in the grain storage ecological system on grains. In the prior art, the grain storage solid warehouse research has a plurality of inconvenient factors such as uncontrollable environmental conditions, more manual intervention measures, larger test cost and the like, so that the container is gradually used for simulating storage research.
CN208060495U discloses a grain storage simulation test cabin, which adopts the conduction that hot air or cold air generated by an air conditioner enters a temperature adjusting cavity and is conducted through the inner wall to control the temperature of a grain storage chamber. However, due to the fact that the volume of the gas is unstable, the gas is easy to compress and expand, the specific heat capacity is low, and the gas is utilized to control the temperature, and the gas has the technical defects that the heat transfer is uneven, the local temperature is too high or too low, the temperature control effect cannot be achieved at part of dead angle positions, the heat dissipation is quicker, the temperature control precision is not high, and the precision of +/-0.5 ℃ can be achieved at most.
CN108184444a discloses a grain storage device with a constant temperature control function, which is used for controlling the temperature of internal grains and storing the grains. However, in the aspect of grain storage, the heating device in the device is constantly arranged in the grain pile, and can only heat local grains, so that the grain pile is heated unevenly, the problems of dewing, mildew and the like of the grain pile are easy to occur, the environment temperature cannot be simulated, and the effect of simulating storage research is difficult to achieve.
CN205510992U discloses a grain storage device with a constant temperature control function, which is used for controlling the temperature of internal grains and storing the grains. However, in the aspect of grain storage, although the device solves the problem of uneven heating compared with the former, the electric heating device does not have a refrigerating effect, is not suitable for grain storage in summer or grain storage in high-temperature areas, cannot simulate the environmental temperature, and is difficult to play a role in simulating storage research.
CN109060873a discloses a device and a method for detecting grain heat transfer and condensation parameters, which are characterized in that two opposite bin walls of an experimental bin are respectively connected with an airflow cold source and an airflow heat source to maintain temperature difference, so that grain piles in the experimental bin are caused to generate condensation phenomenon to study the heat transfer and condensation rules of grains. However, the device is the research to special circumstances (dewing phenomenon), and the emphasis field is different, can't carry out the simulation of conventional ambient temperature to whole storehouse, is difficult to simulate the change mechanism of whole grain heap under different temperature environment, simultaneously because the device adopts air current cold source, air current heat source accuse temperature, and accuse temperature homogeneity, precision are relatively poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the grain storage simulation bin which can simulate grains in a high-simulation mode, accurately simulate various grain storage influence factors including grain storage gas composition, gas flow rate, temperature and humidity difference and the like, explore the change rule of a grain storage ecological system, and has the advantages of accurate and stable temperature control, low-loss heat transfer and accurate temperature control.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control is characterized in that a temperature control layer is arranged on the bin wall of a bin body of the simulation bin, a movable top cover is arranged on the top of the bin body, and heat preservation layers are arranged at the bottom of the bin body, in the temperature control layer and in an interlayer of the movable top cover; a water inlet is formed in the outer side of the lower end of the temperature control layer; a water outlet and an overflow port are arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the temperature control layer; the center of the inner side of the bottom of the bin body is provided with an overground cage, the overground cage is longitudinally connected with bin walls at two sides, and the bin walls are provided with air inlets which are communicated with the overground cage; the upper end of the bin body is provided with an air outlet; the upper part in the bin body is provided with a grain condition measuring and controlling machine, a nitrogen concentration detector and an electronic hygrothermograph which are connected with a measuring and controlling panel outside the bin body; the grain condition measuring and controlling machine is connected with temperature measuring cables distributed in the bin body.
The simulated bin discards the commonly used gas refrigerant, and due to the fact that the volume of the gas is unstable, the gas refrigerant is easy to compress and expand, the specific heat capacity is low, and the like, the gas refrigerant is utilized to control the temperature, so that the heat transfer is uneven, the local temperature is too high or too low, the temperature control effect cannot be achieved at part dead angle positions, the heat loss is quicker, the temperature control precision is not high, and the like, and other temperature control modes such as a coil pipe have gaps, the whole space cannot be densely distributed, and the heat transfer is uneven. Compared with other temperature control modes such as gas or coils, the liquid temperature control method has the advantages of uniform distribution, high heat transfer efficiency, high temperature control precision and the like.
The mode of entering from top to bottom in the circulation is adopted in the temperature control layer, the constancy of liquid refrigerant velocity of flow can be guaranteed, the stability of temperature control is favorable to, and if the mode of entering from top to bottom is adopted, the initial velocity that the delivery port was brought by the water pump easily and liquid refrigerant self gravity effect, lead to the velocity of flow to be greater than the water inlet, the refrigerant can form the line with shortest path to the delivery port, is unfavorable for realizing the even temperature control on the face position, leads to the temperature control in situ liquid matter maldistribution.
The overflow hole is designed to effectively release the pressure of the liquid refrigerant in the temperature control layer when the flow of the water inlet is larger than that of the water outlet, so that the damage of the temperature control layer is avoided. The grain temperature of each part of the grain pile, the nitrogen concentration in the bin, the bin Wen Cangshi and other information are monitored through the grain condition measuring and controlling machine, the nitrogen concentration detector and the electronic hygrothermograph, so that an operator can grasp the information in the bin conveniently.
The working process of the simulation bin comprises the following steps: after the grain is filled in the bin body, the movable top cover is closed, liquid refrigerant is injected into the temperature control layer from the water inlet at the outer side of the lower end of the temperature control layer, and the liquid refrigerant is discharged through the water outlet and the overflow port at the outer side of the upper end of the temperature control layer after circulating in the temperature control layer; sucking out air or injecting nitrogen through an air inlet which is arranged on the bin wall and is communicated with the ground cage; meanwhile, the measurement and control panel outside the bin body controls or reads numerical values on the grain condition measurement and control machine, the nitrogen concentration detector and the electronic hygrothermograph.
Preferably, the temperature control layer is of a hollow structure, and the temperature control layer is divided into closed diversion channels from bottom to top by the diversion mechanism. The core purpose of guiding mechanism design is that: 1) The refrigerant flow paths are adjusted to redistribute the refrigerant, so that the refrigerant can fully exchange heat with each part of the temperature control layer in time; 2) The refrigerant flow is smooth, namely the resistance in the flowing process is small, the heat is not deposited elsewhere, the uniformity is not influenced, and meanwhile, the phenomenon that the kinetic energy is converted into the heat energy and the accuracy of temperature control is influenced due to the fact that the resistance is too large can be avoided. The liquid refrigerant circulates in the temperature control layer along the flow guide channels separated by the flow guide mechanism.
Preferably, the water inlet, the water outlet and the overflow port at the outer side of the temperature control layer are matched with the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the sealed diversion channel.
Preferably, the overflow port and the water outlet are in the same diversion area, and the overflow port is higher than the water outlet by more than or equal to 6cm. The purpose of the overflow opening being higher than the water outlet is to ensure that the temperature control layer has a sufficiently high liquid level, i.e. a liquid level higher than the surface layer of the grain stack.
Preferably, the diversion mechanism is 2-8 degrees with the bottom surface of the bin body, and spirally extends upwards to the top end of the temperature control layer in parallel in the temperature control layer, and the relative vertical distance between every two adjacent diversion mechanisms is equal and is 16-70 cm. If the inclination angle of the flow guiding mechanism is too small, the coiled number of turns can be increased, the intervals of the flow guiding channels can be reduced, when the intervals are reduced to a certain degree, the flow resistance can be increased, meanwhile, the flow guiding path is prolonged, and the conversion of kinetic energy into heat energy can be increased; if the inclination angle of the flow guiding mechanism is too large, the flow resistance is large, the circulation replacement efficiency is low, the interval of the flow guiding channels is increased, and the uniformity of temperature control is affected. Therefore, the proper inclination angle can ensure smaller flow resistance, and simultaneously, the liquid refrigerant is conveniently discharged, so that the liquid refrigerant is not blocked and deposited in the temperature control layer. The spiral extends upwards to the top, so that the refrigerant flowing path covers the whole bin surface without dead angles, the flowing resistance is small, the circulating replacement efficiency is higher, and the temperature control is more uniform.
Preferably, the flow guiding mechanism is parallel to the bottom surface of the bin body, the temperature control layer is equally divided into 2n+1 layers by the flow guiding mechanism, n continuous and longitudinal S-shaped flow guiding mechanisms are further arranged in the temperature control layer on one side provided with the water inlet, the water outlet and the overflow port, the arc-shaped outer sides of the uppermost end and the lowermost end of the S-shaped flow guiding mechanism face the water outlet and the water inlet respectively, the horizontal flow guiding mechanism is connected with the outer sides of the arcs, and the horizontal flow guiding mechanism is separated from the inner sides of the arcs by 9-30 cm. And n is more than or equal to 1. The arc-shaped structure can convert the kinetic energy of the refrigerant into potential energy, so that the loss of the kinetic energy can be reduced, the circulation speed can be accelerated, and the conversion of the kinetic energy into heat energy due to the action of too large resistance can be well avoided.
Preferably, the upper arc and the lower arc of the S-shaped flow guiding mechanism are tangent, the radius of the arc is 0.4-0.8 m, and the angle of the arc is 60-70 degrees.
Preferably, the diversion mechanisms of adjacent layers in the temperature control layer provided with the water inlet, the water outlet and one side of the overflow port are mutually parallel, form 20-30 degrees with the bottom surface of the bin body, have equal relative vertical distances between the diversion mechanisms of the adjacent layers and are 30-50 cm, and extend in parallel with the bottom surface of the bin body in the temperature control layers of the other three sides. The smaller inclined angle can better reduce the resistance of refrigerant flow, reduce the loss of kinetic energy and accelerate the circulation rate, and compared with a flow guiding mechanism with a spiral extending upwards in parallel, the flow guiding mechanism has the advantages that a part of pressure can be shared, the stepped design of one side of the flow guiding mechanism can increase the stressed area and reduce the pressure at the bottom of the bin body.
Preferably, the thickness of the temperature control layer is 9-11 mm. According to the heat exchange of the unit area of the refrigerant and the 304 stainless steel material, which are required to be equal, the specific heat capacity, the density and the related formulas of the refrigerant and the 304 stainless steel material, the heat loss in the actual heat transfer process is comprehensively considered, and the thickness of the temperature control layer is optimal to be 9-11 mm.
Preferably, the outside of both sides of temperature control layer is equipped with the strengthening rib to fix with the screw. The mode of fixing the reinforcing ribs on two sides of the temperature control layer by the screws utilizes the characteristics of high strength and difficult deformation of the reinforcing ribs, and the local deformation of the wall surface of the temperature control layer at the screw fixing position is avoided by distributing the single-point bearing tension of the screws, so that the upper limit of pressure bearing is improved, the compression resistance is achieved, and the wall surface of the temperature control layer is ensured not to deform.
Preferably, the reinforcing ribs are arranged at a relative vertical distance of every 20-30 cm.
Preferably, the reinforcing ribs are hollow steel bars, the width is 6-10 cm, and the thickness is 1-3 cm. The hollow steel bar is made of 304 stainless steel plates with the thickness of 2-4 mm. The hollow steel bars are filled with polystyrene foam plastic plates.
Preferably, the distance for fixing the screw is 20-40 cm.
Preferably, the heat preservation layer is a detachable double-layer structure, the inner layer is a polystyrene foam plastic plate, the outer layer is a steel plate, and the thickness of the polystyrene foam plastic plate is 2-4 cm. The inner polystyrene foam plastic plate of the heat-insulating layer of the bin wall is matched with the appearance of the reinforcing rib. The steel plate is preferably a 304 stainless steel plate with a thickness of 3 mm. The double-layer structure can prevent the internal and external heat exchange of the storage system and ensure the stability of temperature control. The polystyrene foam plastic plate is used as a thermal insulation material, can better approach the condition of a real warehouse, has higher simulation degree, and has the advantages of excellent thermal insulation, excellent high-strength compression resistance, excellent hydrophobicity and moisture resistance, light texture, convenient use, good stability and corrosion resistance, environmental protection and the like.
Preferably, the upper end of the heat preservation outside the temperature control layer is provided with a buckle matched with the outer side of the top end of the temperature control layer. The buckle makes the heat preservation convenient to detach.
Preferably, an electro-hydraulic push rod connected with the bin wall of the bin body is arranged on the inner side of the movable top cover.
Preferably, the inner side of the movable top cover is provided with a polyurethane foam plastic strip which is matched with the upper edge of the bin wall of the bin body in a sealing way. The polyurethane foam plastic strip has the advantages of high density, compression resistance, strong resilience, good sealing performance and the like.
Preferably, the ground cage is an arc-shaped wind net, and fish scale type air holes are distributed on the wind net. The design of the ground cage can ensure that the air quantity of the ground cage is uniform everywhere and is not easy to block, so that the air quantity of each part of the grain pile is uniform in the air conditioning process.
Preferably, the length of the ground cage is matched with the size of the bin body, the width is 30-50 cm, the height is 20-35 cm, and the thickness is 1.0-3.0 mm.
Preferably, the size of the scale-like air holes is 10×5×1mm.
Preferably, the temperature measuring cables hang down from four corners and the center of the top of the bin body, each temperature measuring cable is provided with more than or equal to 3 temperature measuring points, wherein the temperature measuring cables comprise 1 temperature measuring point positioned at the center of the grain pile, and the distance between the uppermost temperature measuring point and the lowermost temperature measuring point and the top end or the bottom of the grain pile is 0.1-0.2 m. The temperature measuring cable can monitor the temperature of grains at each position of the grain pile at any time.
Preferably, the outside of the bin body is provided with a handle, and the bottom of the bin body is provided with a land wheel. The handles and the ground wheels can be arranged to facilitate the movement of the bin body along with other devices.
The matrix material of the simulation cartridge of the present invention is preferably 304 stainless steel 3mm thick.
The simulation bin has the beneficial effects that: the simulated bin utilizes liquid medium to regulate and control the temperature of the bin wall, highly simulates the grain storage solid bin, realizes high-efficiency low-loss heat transfer and accurate temperature control on the bin body, creatively provides a plurality of interlayer flow guide structures suitable for liquid quality temperature control on the premise of ensuring the accuracy and stability of temperature control, has no temperature control dead angle in the whole bin body environment, and realizes the temperature control accuracy of +/-0.1 ℃ in the aspects of heat preservation, temperature control, temperature equalization and the like, thereby realizing the simulation of the external environment temperature of the granary; by monitoring parameters in the bin body, accurate simulation and related experiments of various grain storage influence factors including grain storage gas composition, gas flow rate, temperature and humidity difference and the like can be realized, and the change rule of the grain storage ecological system is explored.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one side of a bin body of a grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control according to embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the other side of the bin body of the grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control according to embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a temperature control layer and a heat preservation layer of a grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional development view of a temperature control layer of a grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a temperature control layer of a grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional development view of a temperature control layer of a grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a longitudinal section development view of a temperature control layer of a grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples and figures.
The matrix material of the simulation bin is 304 stainless steel with the thickness of 3 mm; the apparatus or components used in the embodiments of the present invention are commercially available from conventional sources unless otherwise specified.
Grain storage simulation bin example 1 with accurate temperature control
As shown in fig. 1-5, the wall of the simulated bin body is provided with a temperature control layer 1 (1.5 m long, 1.0m wide and 1.3m high) with the thickness of 1cm, the top of the bin body is provided with a movable top cover 2, and the bottom of the bin body, the temperature control layer 1 and the movable top cover 2 are provided with a heat preservation layer 3; a water inlet 1-1 is arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the temperature control layer 1; a water outlet 1-2 and an overflow port 1-3 are arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the temperature control layer 1; the center of the inner side of the bottom of the bin body is provided with a ground cage 4 (the length is 1m, the width is 0.4m, and the height is 0.26 m), the ground cage 4 is longitudinally connected with bin walls at two sides, and the bin walls are provided with air inlets 1-4 which are communicated with the ground cage 4; the upper end of the bin body is provided with an air outlet 5; the upper part in the bin body is provided with a grain condition measuring and controlling machine 7, a nitrogen concentration detector 8 and an electronic hygrothermograph 9 which are connected with a measuring and controlling panel 6 outside the bin body; the grain condition measuring and controlling machine 7 is connected with a temperature measuring cable 7-1 distributed in the bin body;
the temperature control layer 1 is of a hollow structure, and the temperature control layer 1 is divided into a closed diversion channel from bottom to top by a diversion mechanism 1-5; the water inlet 1-1, the water outlet 1-2 and the overflow port 1-3 at the outer side of the temperature control layer 1 are matched with the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the sealed diversion channel; the overflow port 1-3 and the water outlet 1-2 are in the same diversion area, and the overflow port 1-3 is 1-2 cm higher than the water outlet; the guide mechanisms 1-5 and the bottom surface of the bin body are 5.0 degrees, extend upwards to the top end of the temperature control layer 1 in a spiral parallel manner in the temperature control layer 1, and the relative vertical distance between the guide mechanisms 1-5 of adjacent layers is equal and is 43.2cm; the thickness of the temperature control layer 1 is 10mm; reinforcing ribs 1-6 are arranged outside two sides of the temperature control layer 1 and are fixed by screws 1-6-1; the reinforcing ribs 1-6 are arranged at a relative vertical distance of every 25cm, the reinforcing ribs 1-6 are hollow steel bars, the width is 8cm, the thickness is 2cm, the hollow steel bars are made of 304 stainless steel plates with the thickness of 3mm, and polystyrene foam plastic plates are filled in the hollow steel bars; the fixed distance of the screw 1-6-1 is as follows: one side of the width of the temperature control layer 1 is 33cm (2 reinforcing ribs 1-6 near the top of the bin) and 25cm (2 reinforcing ribs 1-6 near the bottom of the bin), and one side of the length of the temperature control layer 1 is 37.5cm (2 reinforcing ribs 1-6 near the top of the bin) and 30cm (2 reinforcing ribs 1-6 near the bottom of the bin);
the heat preservation layer 3 is of a detachable double-layer structure, the inner layer is a polystyrene foam plastic plate with the thickness of 4cm, the inner layer polystyrene foam plastic plate of the bin wall heat preservation layer 3 is matched with the shape of the reinforcing ribs 1-6, and the outer layer is a 304 stainless steel plate with the thickness of 3 mm; the upper end of the heat preservation layer 3 outside the temperature control layer 1 is provided with a buckle 3-3 matched with the outer side of the top end of the temperature control layer 1; an electro-hydraulic push rod 2-1 connected with the bin wall of the bin body is arranged on the inner side of the movable top cover 2; the inner side of the movable top cover 2 is provided with a polyurethane foam plastic strip 2-2 which is matched with the upper edge of the bin wall of the bin body in a sealing way; the ground cage 4 is an arc-shaped wind net, and fish scale type air holes are distributed on the wind net; the size of the ground cage 4 is 1000 multiplied by 400 multiplied by 250mm, the thickness is 1.5mm, and the size of the scale-type air hole is 10 multiplied by 5 multiplied by 1mm; the temperature measuring cables 7-1 hang down from four corners and the center of the top of the bin body, each temperature measuring cable is provided with 3 temperature measuring points 7-1-1, wherein each temperature measuring cable comprises 1 temperature measuring point positioned in the center of the grain pile, and the distance between the uppermost temperature measuring point 7-1-1 and the lowermost temperature measuring point 7-1 and the top end or the bottom of the grain pile is 0.15m; the outside of the bin body is provided with a handle 10, and the bottom of the bin body is provided with a land wheel 11.
The working process of the simulation bin comprises the following steps: after the grain is filled in the bin body, the movable top cover 2 is closed, liquid refrigerant is injected into the temperature control layer 1 from the water inlet 1-1 at the outer side of the lower end of the temperature control layer 1, and the liquid refrigerant circulates in the temperature control layer 1 along the diversion channel separated by the diversion mechanism 1-5 and is discharged through the water outlet 1-2 and the overflow port 1-3 at the outer side of the upper end of the temperature control layer 1; sucking out air or injecting nitrogen through an air inlet 1-4 which is arranged on the bin wall and is communicated with an overground cage 4; meanwhile, the measurement and control panel 6 outside the bin body controls or reads the numerical values on the grain condition measurement and control machine 7, the nitrogen concentration detector 8 and the electronic hygrothermograph 9.
Through detection, the simulated bin can regulate and control the temperature of the bin wall, and the temperature of the bin body is accurately controlled, so that the temperature control precision reaches +/-0.1 ℃ in the aspects of heat preservation, temperature control, temperature equalization and the like.
Example 2 of grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control
The embodiment of the present invention differs from embodiment 1 only in that: as shown in FIG. 6, the flow guiding mechanism 1-5 is parallel to the bottom surface of the bin body, the flow guiding mechanism 1-5 equally divides the temperature control layer 1 into 3 layers, 1 continuous and longitudinal S-shaped flow guiding mechanism 1-5 is arranged in the temperature control layer 1 at one side provided with the water inlet 1-1, the water outlet 1-2 and the overflow port 1-3, the arc-shaped outer sides of the uppermost end and the lowermost end of the S-shaped flow guiding mechanism 1-5 face the water outlet 1-2 and the water inlet 1-1 respectively, the horizontal flow guiding mechanism 1-5 is connected with the outer sides of the arcs, and the horizontal flow guiding mechanism 1-5 is separated from the inner sides of the arcs by 20cm; the upper arc and the lower arc of the S-shaped flow guiding mechanism 1-5 are tangent, the radius of the arc is 0.60m, and the arc angle is 66.0 degrees. Example 1 was followed.
Through detection, the simulated bin can regulate and control the temperature of the bin wall, and the temperature of the bin body is accurately controlled, so that the temperature control precision reaches +/-0.1 ℃ in the aspects of heat preservation, temperature control, temperature equalization and the like.
Grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control function and example 3
The embodiment of the present invention differs from embodiment 1 only in that: as shown in FIG. 7, the diversion mechanisms 1-5 of adjacent layers in the temperature control layer 1 provided with the water inlet 1-1, the water outlet 1-2 and the overflow port 1-3 are parallel to each other, are 23.4 degrees with the bottom surface of the bin body, have equal vertical distances between the diversion mechanisms 1-5 of adjacent layers and are 39.8cm, and extend in parallel with the bottom surface of the bin body in the temperature control layer 1 on the other three sides. Example 1 was followed.
Through detection, the simulated bin can regulate and control the temperature of the bin wall, and the temperature of the bin body is accurately controlled, so that the temperature control precision reaches +/-0.1 ℃ in the aspects of heat preservation, temperature control, temperature equalization and the like.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a grain storage simulation storehouse of accurate accuse temperature which characterized in that: the simulated cabin body is characterized in that the cabin wall of the simulated cabin body is provided with a temperature control layer, the top of the cabin body is provided with a movable top cover, and the bottom of the cabin body, the temperature control layer and an interlayer of the movable top cover are internally provided with a heat preservation layer; a water inlet is formed in the outer side of the lower end of the temperature control layer; a water outlet and an overflow port are arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the temperature control layer; the center of the inner side of the bottom of the bin body is provided with an overground cage, the overground cage is longitudinally connected with bin walls at two sides, and the bin walls are provided with air inlets which are communicated with the overground cage; the upper end of the bin body is provided with an air outlet; the upper part in the bin body is provided with a grain condition measuring and controlling machine, a nitrogen concentration detector and an electronic hygrothermograph which are connected with a measuring and controlling panel outside the bin body; the grain condition measuring and controlling machine is connected with temperature measuring cables distributed in the bin body;
the temperature control layer is of a hollow structure, and is divided into closed diversion channels from bottom to top by the diversion mechanism;
the flow guiding mechanisms and the bottom surface of the bin body form 2-8 degrees, and extend upwards to the top end of the temperature control layer in a spiral parallel manner in the temperature control layer, and the relative vertical distances between the flow guiding mechanisms of adjacent layers are equal and are 16-70 cm;
or the flow guiding mechanism is parallel to the bottom surface of the bin body, the flow guiding mechanism equally divides the temperature control layer into 2n+1 layers, n continuous and longitudinal S-shaped flow guiding mechanisms are further arranged in the temperature control layer at one side provided with the water inlet, the water outlet and the overflow port, the arc-shaped outer sides of the uppermost end and the lowermost end of the S-shaped flow guiding mechanism face the water outlet and the water inlet respectively, the horizontal flow guiding mechanism is connected with the outer sides of the arcs, and the horizontal flow guiding mechanism is separated from the inner sides of the arcs by 9-30 cm; the upper arc and the lower arc of the S-shaped flow guiding mechanism are tangent, the radius of the arc is 0.4-0.8 m, and the angle of the arc is 60-70 degrees;
or the diversion mechanisms of adjacent layers in the temperature control layer provided with the water inlet, the water outlet and one side of the overflow port are mutually parallel and form 20-30 degrees with the bottom surface of the bin body, the relative vertical distance between the diversion mechanisms of the adjacent layers is equal and is 30-50 cm, and the diversion mechanisms of the adjacent layers extend in parallel with the bottom surface of the bin body in the temperature control layer of the other three sides;
the matrix material of the simulation bin is 304 stainless steel.
2. The grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control according to claim 1, wherein: the water inlet, the water outlet and the overflow port at the outer side of the temperature control layer are matched with the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the sealed diversion channel; the overflow port and the water outlet are in the same diversion area, and the overflow port is higher than the water outlet by more than or equal to 6cm.
3. The grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the thickness of the temperature control layer is 9-11 mm; reinforcing ribs are arranged outside two sides of the temperature control layer and are fixed by screws; the reinforcing ribs are arranged at a relative vertical distance of 20-30 cm; the reinforcing ribs are hollow steel bars, the width is 6-10 cm, and the thickness is 1-3 cm; the distance for fixing the screw is 20-40 cm.
4. The grain storage simulation bin with accurate temperature control according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the heat insulation layer is of a detachable double-layer structure, the inner layer is a polystyrene foam plastic plate, the outer layer is a steel plate, and the thickness of the polystyrene foam plastic plate is 2-4 cm; the upper end of the heat preservation layer outside the temperature control layer is provided with a buckle matched with the outer side of the top end of the temperature control layer; an electric hydraulic push rod connected with the bin wall of the bin body is arranged on the inner side of the movable top cover; the inner side of the movable top cover is provided with a polyurethane foam plastic strip which is matched with the upper edge of the bin wall of the bin body in a sealing way; the ground cage is an arc-shaped wind net, and fish scale type air holes are distributed on the wind net; the length of the ground cage is matched with the size of the bin body, the width is 30-50 cm, the height is 20-35 cm, and the thickness is 1.0-3.0 mm; the size of the fish scale type air hole is 10 multiplied by 5 multiplied by 1mm; the temperature measuring cables hang down from four corners and the center of the top of the bin body, each temperature measuring cable is provided with more than or equal to 3 temperature measuring points, wherein each temperature measuring cable comprises 1 temperature measuring point positioned at the center of the grain pile, and the distance between the uppermost temperature measuring point and the lowermost temperature measuring point and the top end or the bottom of the grain pile is 0.1-0.2 m; the outside of the bin body is provided with a handle, and the bottom of the bin body is provided with a land wheel.
5. The grain storage simulation bin of claim 3, wherein the grain storage simulation bin is characterized in that: the heat insulation layer is of a detachable double-layer structure, the inner layer is a polystyrene foam plastic plate, the outer layer is a steel plate, and the thickness of the polystyrene foam plastic plate is 2-4 cm; the upper end of the heat preservation layer outside the temperature control layer is provided with a buckle matched with the outer side of the top end of the temperature control layer; an electric hydraulic push rod connected with the bin wall of the bin body is arranged on the inner side of the movable top cover; the inner side of the movable top cover is provided with a polyurethane foam plastic strip which is matched with the upper edge of the bin wall of the bin body in a sealing way; the ground cage is an arc-shaped wind net, and fish scale type air holes are distributed on the wind net; the length of the ground cage is matched with the size of the bin body, the width is 30-50 cm, the height is 20-35 cm, and the thickness is 1.0-3.0 mm; the size of the fish scale type air hole is 10 multiplied by 5 multiplied by 1mm; the temperature measuring cables hang down from four corners and the center of the top of the bin body, each temperature measuring cable is provided with more than or equal to 3 temperature measuring points, wherein each temperature measuring cable comprises 1 temperature measuring point positioned at the center of the grain pile, and the distance between the uppermost temperature measuring point and the lowermost temperature measuring point and the top end or the bottom of the grain pile is 0.1-0.2 m; the outside of the bin body is provided with a handle, and the bottom of the bin body is provided with a land wheel.
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