CN110728056A - Maximum current simulation test method for charging and discharging of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Maximum current simulation test method for charging and discharging of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010278 pulse charging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a maximum current simulation test method for charging and discharging a lithium ion battery, which comprises the steps of establishing a battery cell electrochemistry-thermal coupling model which is in line with a battery cell to be tested, and charging and discharging the battery cell electrochemistry-thermal coupling model by preset discharge current; presetting a plurality of charge nodes, and collecting a charge-discharge starting moment voltage value, a charge-discharge ending moment voltage value and a maximum charge-discharge current value corresponding to each charge node in the charge-discharge process; and then, charging and discharging DCR values corresponding to the charge nodes. According to the invention, through the establishment of the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the battery cell, the test of the maximum current in the charging and discharging processes of the lithium ion battery through the model simulation is realized. The method can quickly calculate the maximum charge-discharge current value of the battery in different temperature and SOC ranges, avoids the process of continuous trial of experiments, greatly reduces the magnitude scale of the experiments, ensures the test precision and shortens the test period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion battery testing, in particular to a maximum current simulation testing method for charging and discharging of a lithium ion battery.
Background
A whole vehicle enterprise has high requirements on the energy density of the power lithium ion battery, and generally requires that the whole vehicle has a cruising mileage of more than 500 kilometers.
Therefore, the three-element power lithium ion battery with the anode material of NCM811 is required to be used by foreign whole vehicle enterprises, meanwhile, the requirement on the power map capability of the lithium ion battery is strict, an electrochemical-thermal coupling model needs to be established for the lithium ion battery, and the maximum pulse charge-discharge upper limit current and the DCR of the battery under different SOC and different temperature conditions are estimated before the research and development of products.
The testing method adopted in the prior art has long period and is difficult to ensure the testing efficiency and the production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a maximum current simulation test method for charging and discharging of a lithium ion battery.
The invention provides a maximum current simulation test method for charging and discharging of a lithium ion battery, which comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model corresponding to the battery cell to be tested, setting the temperature of the battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model to be a preset first test temperature, and adjusting the battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model to be a preset upper charging limit value;
s2, setting a discharge cut-off voltage, and discharging the battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model by preset discharge current;
s3, presetting a plurality of charge nodes, and collecting a discharge starting time voltage value, a discharge ending time voltage value and a maximum discharge current value corresponding to each charge node in the discharge process;
s4, calculating the discharge DCR value corresponding to each charge node according to the discharge starting time voltage value, the discharge ending time voltage value and the maximum discharge current value;
the battery charging test comprises:
s5, establishing a battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model corresponding to the battery cell to be tested, setting the temperature of the battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model to be a preset second test temperature, and adjusting the battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model to be a preset discharge lower limit value;
s6, setting a charging cut-off voltage, and charging the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the battery cell by using a preset charging current;
s7, collecting a charging start time voltage value, a charging end time voltage value and a maximum charging current value corresponding to each charge node in the charging process;
and S8, calculating the charging DCR value corresponding to each charge node according to the charging starting time voltage value, the charging ending time voltage value and the maximum charging current value.
Preferably, the first test temperature is: 25 ℃ or 40 ℃ and the second test temperature is 25 ℃ or 40 ℃.
Preferably, in step S1 and step S4: the length, width, thickness, surface density and compaction density of the positive and negative pole pieces of the battery cell to be tested are input into an electrochemical model, and an electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the battery cell is established.
Preferably, in step S1, the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model is charged with a current of 0.33C until the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model is adjusted to the preset upper charging limit value.
Preferably, the upper limit charge value is 95% SOC.
Preferably, in step S2, the discharge cut-off voltage is 2.7V and the discharge current is 0.33C.
Preferably, in step S3, the plurality of charge nodes are: 5% SOC, 20% SOC, 35% SOC.50% SOC, 65% SOC, 80% SOC, 95% SOC.
Preferably, in step S4, the discharge DCR value corresponding to each charge node is calculated according to the following formula:
discharge DCR value ═ discharge start time voltage value-discharge end time voltage value/maximum discharge current value;
in step S8, the charging DCR value corresponding to each charge node is calculated according to the following formula:
the charging DCR value (charging start time voltage value-charging end time voltage value)/maximum charging current value.
Preferably, in step S5, the lower limit discharge value is 5% SOC.
Preferably, in step S6, the charge cut-off voltage is 4.25V and the charge current is 0.33C.
According to the maximum current simulation test method for charging and discharging of the lithium ion battery, provided by the invention, the maximum current test of the lithium ion battery in the charging and discharging process through model simulation is realized through the establishment of the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the battery core. The method can quickly calculate the maximum charge-discharge current value of the battery in different temperature and SOC ranges, avoids the process of continuous trial of experiments, greatly reduces the magnitude scale of the experiments, ensures the test precision and shortens the test period.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a battery discharge test flow chart in a maximum current simulation test method for charging and discharging a lithium ion battery according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a battery charging test flow chart in the maximum current simulation test method for charging and discharging a lithium ion battery according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the maximum current simulation test method for charging and discharging a lithium ion battery provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a battery core electrochemical-thermal coupling model corresponding to the battery core to be tested, setting the temperature of the battery core electrochemical-thermal coupling model to be a preset first test temperature, and adjusting the battery core electrochemical-thermal coupling model to be a preset charging upper limit value.
Specifically, in the step, the length, the width, the thickness, the surface density and the compaction density of the positive and negative electrode plates of the battery cell to be tested are input into an electrochemical model, so as to establish a battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model. Then, the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model is charged with a current of 0.33C until the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model is adjusted to a preset upper charging limit value.
The upper limit value of charging may be set to be greater than or equal to 95% SOC.
And S2, setting a discharge cut-off voltage, and discharging the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model by using a preset discharge current. Specifically, in this step, the discharge current is less than or equal to 0.33C, so as to ensure that the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the battery cell is discharged by a small current, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test and facilitating the data acquisition in the discharge process.
And S3, presetting a plurality of charge nodes, and collecting a discharge starting time voltage value, a discharge ending time voltage value and a maximum discharge current value corresponding to each charge node in the discharge process.
In particular implementations, the plurality of charge nodes can be configured as: 5% SOC, 20% SOC, 35% SOC.50% SOC, 65% SOC, 80% SOC, 95% SOC.
And S4, calculating the discharge DCR value corresponding to each charge node according to the discharge starting time voltage value, the discharge ending time voltage value and the maximum discharge current value.
Specifically, in this step, the calculation formula of the discharging DCR value corresponding to each charge node is as follows:
discharge DCR value (discharge start time voltage value-discharge end time voltage value)/maximum discharge current value.
The battery charging test comprises:
s5, establishing a battery core electrochemical-thermal coupling model corresponding to the battery core to be tested, setting the temperature of the battery core electrochemical-thermal coupling model to be a preset second test temperature, and adjusting the battery core electrochemical-thermal coupling model to be a preset discharge lower limit value. In the step, the length, the width, the thickness, the surface density and the compaction density of the positive and negative electrode plates of the battery cell to be tested are input into an electrochemical model, and the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the battery cell is established.
And S6, setting a charging cut-off voltage, and charging the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model with a preset charging current. In the step, the charging current is less than or equal to 0.33C, so that the battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model is charged by small current, and data acquisition in the charging process is facilitated.
And S7, collecting the charging start time voltage value, the charging end time voltage value and the maximum charging current value corresponding to each charge node in the charging process.
And S8, calculating the charging DCR value corresponding to each charge node according to the charging starting time voltage value, the charging ending time voltage value and the maximum charging current value.
The formula for calculating the charging DCR value corresponding to each charge node is as follows:
the charging DCR value (charging start time voltage value-charging end time voltage value)/maximum charging current value.
Therefore, the embodiment realizes the test of the maximum current in the charging and discharging processes of the lithium ion battery through model simulation by establishing the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model. The method can quickly calculate the maximum charge-discharge current value of the battery in different temperature and SOC ranges, avoids the process of continuous trial of experiments, greatly reduces the magnitude scale of the experiments, ensures the test precision and shortens the test period. For example, the method can complete pulse charging and discharging current capability and DCR estimation at different temperatures of-25 ℃, 10 ℃, 0 ℃, 10 ℃, 25 ℃, 40 ℃ for 10s and 30s within one month, and a lithium ion battery experimental test needs one year.
In specific implementation, the first test temperature is as follows: 25 ℃ or 40 ℃, the second test temperature is 25 ℃ or 40 ℃, the discharge cut-off voltage is 2.7V, the lower limit value of discharge is 5% SOC, and the charge cut-off voltage is 4.25V.
The battery discharge test and the battery charge test of the present method are further described below with reference to several specific examples.
Example 1
The first step is as follows: and obtaining design parameters such as length, width, thickness, surface density, compaction density and the like of positive and negative pole pieces of the battery cell, inputting the design parameters into an electrochemical model, and establishing the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the battery cell.
The second step is that: the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model temperature was set to 25 ℃.
The third step: discharging 545s at 0.33C current, and adjusting the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the battery cell to 95% SOC;
the fourth step: setting the discharge cutoff voltage to be 2.7V, discharging the 95% SOC battery cell, and counting a discharge starting time voltage value, a discharge ending time voltage value and a maximum discharge current value of a charge node 5% SOC, a 20% SOC, a 35% SOC, a 50% SOC, a 65% SOC, an 80% SOC and a 95% SOC capable of supporting 10s pulse discharge in the discharge process.
The fifth step: and calculating a discharge DCR value of the battery cell for 10s of 95% SOC pulse discharge.
In this embodiment, the maximum discharge current of the obtained battery cell discharged in 10s pulses at each charge node of 5% SOC, 20% SOC, 35% SOC, 50% SOC, 65% SOC, 80% SOC, and 95% SOC at 25 ℃ and the corresponding discharge DCR value are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1: data statistical table for 10s pulse discharge at 25 DEG C
Example 2
The first step is as follows: and obtaining design parameters such as length, width, thickness, surface density, compaction density and the like of positive and negative pole pieces of the battery cell, inputting the design parameters into an electrochemical model, and establishing the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the battery cell.
The second step is that: the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model temperature was set to 40 ℃.
The third step: discharging 545s at 0.33C current, and adjusting the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the battery cell to 95% SOC;
the fourth step: setting the discharge cutoff voltage to be 2.7V, discharging the 95% SOC battery cell, and counting a discharge starting time voltage value, a discharge ending time voltage value and a maximum discharge current value of a charge node 5% SOC, a 20% SOC, a 35% SOC, a 50% SOC, a 65% SOC, an 80% SOC and a 95% SOC capable of supporting 10s pulse discharge in the discharge process.
The fifth step: and calculating the discharging DCR value of the battery cell discharging for 10s at each charge node of 5% SOC, 20% SOC, 35% SOC, 50% SOC, 65% SOC, 80% SOC and 95% SOC.
In this embodiment, the maximum discharge current of the obtained battery cell discharged in 10s pulses at each charge node of 5% SOC, 20% SOC, 35% SOC, 50% SOC, 65% SOC, 80% SOC, and 95% SOC at 40 ℃ and the corresponding discharge DCR value are shown in table 2 below.
Table 2: data statistical table for 10s pulse discharge at 40 DEG C
Example 3
The first step is as follows: and obtaining design parameters such as length, width, thickness, surface density, compaction density and the like of positive and negative pole pieces of the battery cell, inputting the design parameters into an electrochemical model, and establishing the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the battery cell.
The second step is that: the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model temperature was set to 40 ℃.
The third step: adjusting the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model to 5% SOC;
the fourth step: the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model is charged at a current of 0.33C by setting the charging cut-off voltage to be 4.25V, and the voltage value at the charging start time, the voltage value at the charging end time and the maximum charging current value of 10-second pulse charging can be supported by the charge nodes of 5% SOC, 20% SOC, 35% SOC, 50% SOC, 65% SOC, 80% SOC and 95% SOC in the charging process.
The fifth step: and calculating the charging DCR value of the battery cell for pulse charging for 10s at each charge node of 5% SOC, 20% SOC, 35% SOC, 50% SOC, 65% SOC, 80% SOC and 95% SOC.
In this embodiment, the maximum charging current and the corresponding charging DCR value of the battery cell that is charged at 10s pulses at each charge node of 5% SOC, 20% SOC, 35% SOC, 50% SOC, 65% SOC, 80% SOC, and 95% SOC at 40 ℃ are shown in table 3 below.
Table 3: data statistical table for 10s pulse charging at 40 DEG C
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A maximum current simulation test method for charging and discharging of a lithium ion battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the battery discharge test includes:
s1, establishing a battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model corresponding to the battery cell to be tested, setting the temperature of the battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model to be a preset first test temperature, and adjusting the battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model to be a preset upper charging limit value;
s2, setting a discharge cut-off voltage, and discharging the battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model by preset discharge current;
s3, presetting a plurality of charge nodes, and collecting a discharge starting time voltage value, a discharge ending time voltage value and a maximum discharge current value corresponding to each charge node in the discharge process;
s4, calculating the discharge DCR value corresponding to each charge node according to the discharge starting time voltage value, the discharge ending time voltage value and the maximum discharge current value;
the battery charging test comprises:
s5, establishing a battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model corresponding to the battery cell to be tested, setting the temperature of the battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model to be a preset second test temperature, and adjusting the battery cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model to be a preset discharge lower limit value;
s6, setting a charging cut-off voltage, and charging the electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the battery cell by using a preset charging current;
s7, collecting a charging start time voltage value, a charging end time voltage value and a maximum charging current value corresponding to each charge node in the charging process;
and S8, calculating the charging DCR value corresponding to each charge node according to the charging starting time voltage value, the charging ending time voltage value and the maximum charging current value.
2. The simulation test method for the maximum current of charging and discharging the lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the first test temperature is: 25 ℃ or 40 ℃ and the second test temperature is 25 ℃ or 40 ℃.
3. The method for simulation test of maximum current for charging and discharging of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in steps S1 and S4: the length, width, thickness, surface density and compaction density of the positive and negative pole pieces of the battery cell to be tested are input into an electrochemical model, and an electrochemical-thermal coupling model of the battery cell is established.
4. The method for maximum current simulation test of charging and discharging of a lithium ion battery according to claim 3, wherein in step S1, the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model is charged with a current of 0.33C until the cell electrochemical-thermal coupling model is adjusted to a preset upper charging limit value.
5. The simulation test method for the maximum current of charging and discharging the lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein the charging upper limit value is 95% SOC.
6. The simulation test method for maximum current during charging and discharging of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the discharge cut-off voltage is 2.7V and the discharge current is 0.33C.
7. The simulation test method for maximum current during charging and discharging of a lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the plurality of charge nodes are respectively: 5% SOC, 20% SOC, 35% SOC.50% SOC, 65% SOC, 80% SOC, 95% SOC.
8. The method for simulation test of maximum current during charging and discharging of lithium ion battery according to claim 7, wherein in step S4, the discharging DCR value corresponding to each charge node is calculated according to the following formula:
discharge DCR value ═ discharge start time voltage value-discharge end time voltage value/maximum discharge current value;
in step S8, the charging DCR value corresponding to each charge node is calculated according to the following formula:
the charging DCR value (charging start time voltage value-charging end time voltage value)/maximum charging current value.
9. The simulation test method for maximum current during charging and discharging of lithium ion battery according to claim 7, wherein in step S5, the lower limit value of discharging is 5% SOC.
10. The simulation test method for maximum current during charging and discharging of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the charge cut-off voltage is 4.25V and the charge current is 0.33C.
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| CN113359038A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-09-07 | 万向一二三股份公司 | Lithium ion battery discharge and connecting piece heat production verification method |
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