CN110723957A - 一种超低膨胀陶瓷锅具及其制造方法 - Google Patents
一种超低膨胀陶瓷锅具及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052670 petalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021426 porous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Chemical compound O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910020203 CeO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxolanthaniooxy)lanthanum Chemical compound O=[La]O[La]=O KTUFCUMIWABKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Ta](=O)O[Ta](=O)=O PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017583 La2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种超低膨胀陶瓷锅具，包括陶瓷坯体和镀于外底部的合金导磁膜，所述陶瓷胚体包括复合低膨胀陶瓷材料和析晶剂，所述复合低膨胀陶瓷材料按重量百分比其组成为：透锂长石30～35％、锂辉石10～15％、低膨胀熔块10～15%、石英5～10%、高岭土30～35％；所述析晶剂按重量百分比为所述主料的0.2～0.8％；所述陶瓷胚体还包括抗菌剂0.2～0.5%。本发明还公开了上述超低膨胀陶瓷锅具的制造方法。本发明陶瓷锅具具有优异的抗急冷急热性和超低热膨胀系数，从而显著提高了产品的使用性能和稳定性；同时制造工艺简单，稳定重复性好，适合于产业化生产，有利于促进陶瓷锅具的应用和发展。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷技术领域，尤其涉及一种烹调用陶瓷锅具。
背景技术
锅具是烹调中最为常用的炊具，近年来随着人民生活水平日益提高，对健康环保的锅具材料要求越来越高，由于炒锅是在高温和急冷急热状态下使用，因此迄今为止炒锅的材质一般都为铁质。然而，铁质炒锅保温性能很差，烹调味道也不鲜美；而且容易生锈，长期使用会对人体肝脏产生危害。现有的金属材料炒锅已逐渐不再符合现今人们对健康环保锅具的要求。为此，现有技术也有在锅的表面喷涂一些有机涂料以防止生锈，但使用效果并不好，而且不可避免地会造成二次污染。而陶瓷材料具有健康环保的优越性能，应用到锅具领域越来越受到重视。
为解决上述问题，现有技术开发了陶瓷材质的炒锅。陶瓷锅具有良好的保温性能、烹调味道鲜美，而且环保、耐腐蚀等特点。为适应炒锅的烹饪环境和要求，现有技术陶瓷材质的炒锅，通常采用普通的低膨胀陶瓷材料制成，可以耐650℃～20℃热交换而不裂，但其热膨胀系数较大(α＝2.6×10-6/℃)，使得胎体吸水率较高，强度不高，容易炸裂，使用寿命不长，因而难以推广和应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种具有优异的抗急冷急热性以及超低热膨胀系数的陶瓷锅具，以显著提高产品的使用性能和稳定性，促进陶瓷锅具的应用和发展。本发明的另一目的在于提供上述超低膨胀陶瓷锅具的制造方法。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案予以实现：
一种超低膨胀陶瓷锅具，包括陶瓷坯体和镀于外底部的合金导磁膜，所述陶瓷胚体包括复合低膨胀陶瓷材料和析晶剂，所述复合低膨胀陶瓷材料按重量百分比其组成为：透锂长石30～35％、锂辉石10～15％、低膨胀熔块10～15%、石英5～10%、高岭土30～35％；所述析晶剂按重量百分比为所述主料的0.2～0.8％；所述陶瓷胚体还包括抗菌剂0.2～0.5%。
上述方案中，作为优选的，所述低膨胀熔块由适量的硝酸钾粉末和石英粉末充分混合并使用湿磨机进行湿磨后制得，所述石英粉末由石英放入窑炉中进行煅烧后研细制备。
上述方案中，作为优选的，所述析晶剂为Ta2O5、Nb2O5、FeO、GeO2、La2O3、CeO2中的一种或几种组合。
上述方案中，作为优选的，所述抗菌剂由重量比为3～5：3～5：10～15的银离子抗菌剂、锌、纳米多孔二氧化硅混合制得，所述纳米多孔二氧化硅的颗粒粒度为30～50纳米。
上述方案中，作为优选的，所述合金导磁膜包括发热层和陶瓷保护层，所述陶瓷保护层覆盖于发热层外表面，所述发热层材料按重量百分比其组成为：银浆93%和镍浆7%，所述陶瓷保护层材料按重量百分比其组成为：低膨胀熔块30%、釉上丝网印刷墨30%、釉上丝网印刷溶剂40%。
本发明的另一目的通过以下技术方案予以实现：
本发明提供的上述超低膨胀陶瓷锅具的制造方法如下：所述陶瓷坯体各组分混合磨细后，经滚压成型、修坯、干燥、磨坯、洗水、素烧、细磨、过水、上釉、喷釉后得到陶瓷坯体；喷釉后于高温氧化气氛烧制获得瓷胎，烧成温度为1330～1350℃，其中1150℃温度时保温45～60分钟，最高温度下保温60～120分钟，烧成周期为8～18小时；按企业选瓷标准对瓷胎进行拣选、分级，对合格的瓷胎贴附合金导磁膜，并在950℃～1050℃的电窑中烧烤4～5小时，烤好后对瓷胎进行磨底、清理，最后装配配件、打包、贴标、进库。 本发明具有以下有益效果：
(1)本发明显著降低了产品的热膨胀系数(α≤1×10-6/℃)，提高了瓷胎的强度。陶瓷坯体和镀于外底部的合金导磁膜结合良好，坯膜间的应力减小，大大提高了产品的抗热震性能，具有优异的抗急冷急热性，可以承受800℃～20℃热交换而不炸裂，可适应爆炒，遇急火、干烧后加冷水也不炸裂，安全可靠，使用寿命长；
(2)本发明产品经高温烧制而成，耐腐蚀，不会污染食物，能够保证食物的原汁原味；无毒无害，铅镉溶出量为零，抗菌剂使陶瓷锅具备抗菌性；而且保温性能优良，可节约燃料成本10～15％；
(3)制造工艺简单，稳定重复性好，适合于产业化生产，有利于促进陶瓷锅具的应用和发展。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例一：
一种超低膨胀陶瓷锅具，包括陶瓷坯体和镀于外底部的合金导磁膜，所述陶瓷胚体包括复合低膨胀陶瓷材料和析晶剂，所述复合低膨胀陶瓷材料按重量百分比其组成为：透锂长石35％、锂辉石15％、低膨胀熔块10%、石英5%、高岭土35％；所述析晶剂按重量百分比为所述主料的0.2％；所述陶瓷胚体还包括抗菌剂0.2%。
本实施例中，所述低膨胀熔块由适量的硝酸钾粉末和石英粉末充分混合并使用湿磨机进行湿磨后制得，所述石英粉末由石英放入窑炉中进行煅烧后研细制备；所述析晶剂为La2O3。
本实施例中，所述抗菌剂由重量比为3：5：10的银离子抗菌剂、锌、纳米多孔二氧化硅混合制得，所述纳米多孔二氧化硅的颗粒粒度为30～50纳米。
本实施例中，所述合金导磁膜包括发热层和陶瓷保护层，所述陶瓷保护层覆盖于发热层外表面，所述发热层材料按重量百分比其组成为：银浆93%和镍浆7%，所述陶瓷保护层材料按重量百分比其组成为：低膨胀熔块30%、釉上丝网印刷墨30%、釉上丝网印刷溶剂40%。
本实施例中，超低膨胀陶瓷锅具的制造方法如下：所述陶瓷坯体各组分混合磨细后，经滚压成型、修坯、干燥、磨坯、洗水、素烧、细磨、过水、上釉、喷釉后得到陶瓷坯体；喷釉后于高温氧化气氛烧制获得瓷胎，烧成温度为1350℃，其中1150℃温度时保温60分钟，最高温度下保温120分钟，烧成周期为18小时；按企业选瓷标准对瓷胎进行拣选、分级，对合格的瓷胎贴附合金导磁膜，并在950℃～1050℃的电窑中烧烤4小时，烤好后对瓷胎进行磨底、清理，最后装配配件、打包、贴标、进库。
本实施例产品热膨胀系数α(20-800℃)＝0.90×10-6/℃，急冷急热性能800℃～20℃ 水热交换不裂，抗热震性能高。
实施例二：
一种超低膨胀陶瓷锅具，包括陶瓷坯体和镀于外底部的合金导磁膜，所述陶瓷胚体包括复合低膨胀陶瓷材料和析晶剂，所述复合低膨胀陶瓷材料按重量百分比其组成为：透锂长石35％、锂辉石10％、低膨胀熔块15%、石英10%、高岭土30％；所述析晶剂按重量百分比为所述主料的0.5％；所述陶瓷胚体还包括抗菌剂0.2%。
本实施例中，所述低膨胀熔块由适量的硝酸钾粉末和石英粉末充分混合并使用湿磨机进行湿磨后制得，所述石英粉末由石英放入窑炉中进行煅烧后研细制备；所述析晶剂为Ta2O5。
本实施例中，所述抗菌剂由重量比为3：3：10的银离子抗菌剂、锌、纳米多孔二氧化硅混合制得，所述纳米多孔二氧化硅的颗粒粒度为30～50纳米。
本实施例中，所述合金导磁膜包括发热层和陶瓷保护层，所述陶瓷保护层覆盖于发热层外表面，所述发热层材料按重量百分比其组成为：银浆93%和镍浆7%，所述陶瓷保护层材料按重量百分比其组成为：低膨胀熔块30%、釉上丝网印刷墨30%、釉上丝网印刷溶剂40%。
本实施例中，超低膨胀陶瓷锅具的制造方法如下：所述陶瓷坯体各组分混合磨细后，经滚压成型、修坯、干燥、磨坯、洗水、素烧、细磨、过水、上釉、喷釉后得到陶瓷坯体；喷釉后于高温氧化气氛烧制获得瓷胎，烧成温度为1330℃，其中1150℃温度时保温60分钟，最高温度下保温120分钟，烧成周期为18小时；按企业选瓷标准对瓷胎进行拣选、分级，对合格的瓷胎贴附合金导磁膜，并在950℃～1050℃的电窑中烧烤4小时，烤好后对瓷胎进行磨底、清理，最后装配配件、打包、贴标、进库。
本实施例产品热膨胀系数α(20-800℃)＝0.80×10-6/℃，急冷急热性能800℃～20℃水热交换不裂，抗热震性能高。
实施例三：
一种超低膨胀陶瓷锅具，包括陶瓷坯体和镀于外底部的合金导磁膜，所述陶瓷胚体包括复合低膨胀陶瓷材料和析晶剂，所述复合低膨胀陶瓷材料按重量百分比其组成为：透锂长石30％、锂辉石10％、低膨胀熔块15%、石英10%、高岭土35％；所述析晶剂按重量百分比为所述主料的0.5％；所述陶瓷胚体还包括抗菌剂0.5%。
本实施例中，所述低膨胀熔块由适量的硝酸钾粉末和石英粉末充分混合并使用湿磨机进行湿磨后制得，所述石英粉末由石英放入窑炉中进行煅烧后研细制备；所述析晶剂为GeO2。
本实施例中，所述抗菌剂由重量比为3：3：10的银离子抗菌剂、锌、纳米多孔二氧化硅混合制得，所述纳米多孔二氧化硅的颗粒粒度为30～50纳米。
本实施例中，所述合金导磁膜包括发热层和陶瓷保护层，所述陶瓷保护层覆盖于发热层外表面，所述发热层材料按重量百分比其组成为：银浆93%和镍浆7%，所述陶瓷保护层材料按重量百分比其组成为：低膨胀熔块30%、釉上丝网印刷墨30%、釉上丝网印刷溶剂40%。
本实施例中，超低膨胀陶瓷锅具的制造方法如下：所述陶瓷坯体各组分混合磨细后，经滚压成型、修坯、干燥、磨坯、洗水、素烧、细磨、过水、上釉、喷釉后得到陶瓷坯体；喷釉后于高温氧化气氛烧制获得瓷胎，烧成温度为1340℃，其中1150℃温度时保温60分钟，最高温度下保温120分钟，烧成周期为15小时；按企业选瓷标准对瓷胎进行拣选、分级，对合格的瓷胎贴附合金导磁膜，并在950℃～1050℃的电窑中烧烤4小时，烤好后对瓷胎进行磨底、清理，最后装配配件、打包、贴标、进库。
本实施例产品热膨胀系数α(20-800℃)＝0.82×10-6/℃，急冷急热性能800℃～20℃ 水热交换不裂，抗热震性能高。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (6)
1.一种超低膨胀陶瓷锅具，包括陶瓷坯体和镀于外底部的合金导磁膜，其特征在于：所述陶瓷胚体包括复合低膨胀陶瓷材料和析晶剂，所述复合低膨胀陶瓷材料按重量百分比其组成为：透锂长石30～35％、锂辉石10～15％、低膨胀熔块10～15%、石英5～10%、高岭土30～35％；所述析晶剂按重量百分比为所述主料的0.2～0.8％；所述陶瓷胚体还包括抗菌剂0.2～0.5%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超低膨胀陶瓷锅具，其特征在于：所述低膨胀熔块由适量的硝酸钾粉末和石英粉末充分混合并使用湿磨机进行湿磨后制得，所述石英粉末由石英放入窑炉中进行煅烧后研细制备。
3.根据权利要求1所述的超低膨胀陶瓷锅具，其特征在于：所述析晶剂为Ta2O5、Nb2O5、FeO、GeO2、La2O3、CeO2中的一种或几种组合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的超低膨胀陶瓷锅具，其特征在于：所述抗菌剂由重量比为3～5：3～5：10～15的银离子抗菌剂、锌、纳米多孔二氧化硅混合制得，所述纳米多孔二氧化硅的颗粒粒度为30～50纳米。
5.根据权利要求1所述的超低膨胀陶瓷锅具，其特征在于：所述合金导磁膜包括发热层和陶瓷保护层，所述陶瓷保护层覆盖于发热层外表面，所述发热层材料按重量百分比其组成为：银浆93%和镍浆7%，所述陶瓷保护层材料按重量百分比其组成为：低膨胀熔块30%、釉上丝网印刷墨30%、釉上丝网印刷溶剂40%。
6.权利要求1-5之一所述超低膨胀陶瓷锅具的制造方法，其特征在于：所述陶瓷坯体各组分混合磨细后，经滚压成型、修坯、干燥、磨坯、洗水、素烧、细磨、过水、上釉、喷釉后得到陶瓷坯体；喷釉后于高温氧化气氛烧制获得瓷胎，烧成温度为1330～1350℃，其中1150℃温度时保温45～60分钟，最高温度下保温60～120分钟，烧成周期为8～18小时；按企业选瓷标准对瓷胎进行拣选、分级，对合格的瓷胎贴附合金导磁膜，并在950℃～1050℃的电窑中烧烤4～5小时，烤好后对瓷胎进行磨底、清理，最后装配配件、打包、贴标、进库。
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