CN110720464A - New application of chitosan oligosaccharide - Google Patents
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- CN110720464A CN110720464A CN201911240069.0A CN201911240069A CN110720464A CN 110720464 A CN110720464 A CN 110720464A CN 201911240069 A CN201911240069 A CN 201911240069A CN 110720464 A CN110720464 A CN 110720464A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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Abstract
The application belongs to the field of agriculture and discloses a new application of chitosan oligosaccharide in preventing and controlling tomato seedling leaf miner. The chitosan oligosaccharide raw material is from shrimp and crab shells, is natural and environment-friendly in source, is prepared by adopting an advanced biological enzymolysis method, is green and safe in processing technology, low in molecular weight and good in water solubility, and is easy to be absorbed by organisms. Meanwhile, the chitosan oligosaccharide has important significance in promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms, improving the stress resistance of plants and generating immune killing effect on various bacteria, fungi, viruses and the like. Experiments show that when the chitosan oligosaccharide solution is sprayed on the leaf surfaces in tomato seedling raising, insect damage can be relieved to a certain extent, and the number of diseased tomato seedlings is reduced. Due to the higher water solubility and safety of the chitosan oligosaccharide, the technical requirement on operators is lower, and no harm is caused to organisms, so that the chitosan oligosaccharide is an environment-friendly, safe and effective agricultural preparation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a new application of chitosan oligosaccharide, in particular to an application of chitosan oligosaccharide in preventing and controlling tomato seedling leaf miner.
Background
The leaf miner is a common insect pest in vegetable production, and the larva dives into the leaf to eat the mesophyll, so that an irregular linear shape is left on the leaf surface. The insect damage of the leaf miner is easily caused under the high-temperature and high-humidity condition, and the peak period of the insect damage is in summer. In the growth process of tomato seedlings, the tomato seedlings are easily attacked by leaf miner pests at 2-7 leaves, and when the tomato seedlings are seriously damaged, the hidden marks are densely distributed, the leaves turn yellow and fall off, the photosynthesis of the leaves is seriously influenced, the seedling growth is not facilitated, the growth of vegetables is further influenced, and the yield and the quality of the vegetables are also influenced in the later period.
The control method for the leaf miner in the current production mainly comprises the following points: 1. weeds and old leaves and leaves of vegetables at the field and the edge of the field are removed in time, and insect sources are reduced; 2. solanaceous vegetables in the greenhouse can be hung on a yellow plate for trapping and killing imagoes so as to reduce the base number of insect sources; 3. chemical prevention and control, selecting long-lasting pymetrozine, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, abamectin and compound preparation thereof for leaf surface spraying prevention and control. Because the leaf miner spreads quickly and is easy to generate drug resistance, only one drug is needed to be applied at a time and the drugs need to be alternately applied when chemical control is carried out. In the prior production, the chemical agents generally adopt 2500 times of 21 percent of pesticide-killing missible oil, 1300 times of 10 percent of pesticide-killing missible oil, 2500 times of 2.5 percent of enemy-killing missible oil, abamectin, 2800 times of 20 percent of quick-killing missible oil and the like, and the medicines have high toxicity and long lasting period, so strict protective measures are required to be taken when pesticide operation is carried out so as to avoid damage to the skin, respiratory tract and the like of an operator. When the pesticide is mixed with other pesticides, the attention points of the pesticide are different, and when the tomato seedlings have 2-7 leaves, the leaves are small, the pesticide damage is very easy to occur, and the selection and the dosage of the pesticide are strictly controlled. Therefore, the chemical control of the leaf miner on the tomato seedling stage not only increases the production cost and harms the health of an operator, but also has higher requirements on the planting technology and the working experience of the operator.
The chitosan oligosaccharide is called chitosan oligosaccharide and oligochitosan, is small molecular oligosaccharide with amino group degraded by chitosan from shrimp and crab shells, is a sugar chain with the polymerization degree of 2-20, has the molecular weight of less than or equal to 3200Da, and is a low molecular weight product with good water solubility, large functional effect and high biological activity. The chitosan oligosaccharide is the only cationic basic amino oligosaccharide with positive charges in the nature, is animal cellulose, has a plurality of unique functions of high solubility which chitosan does not have, is completely dissolved in water, is easy to be absorbed and utilized by organisms and the like, and has 14 times of the function of the chitosan. The chitosan oligosaccharide is used as a natural and nontoxic raw material, has no peculiar smell, has obvious environmental protection advantages, and can regulate plant growth, promote nutrient absorption and improve the stress resistance and immunity of organisms due to small molecules, good water solubility and high biological activity. At present, a great deal of research proves that the chitosan oligosaccharide can obviously reduce the egg laying amount of the spodoptera exigua imagoes on ramie strains when being sprayed on ramie leaves; the compound is sprayed on tobacco leaves, can effectively induce plants such as tobacco and the like to generate disease-resistant reaction, and promotes the growth of the plants; when the additive is acted on flue-cured tobacco, the additive is beneficial to improving the quality of tobacco leaves and improving the drought resistance, disease prevention and disease resistance of tobacco plants; when the composition is acted on tomatoes, the composition can effectively prevent and control the botrytis cinerea. However, no report on the aspect of controlling the leaf miner insect pests by using chitosan oligosaccharide exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a new application of chitosan oligosaccharide in controlling tomato seedling leaf miner, aiming at the problem that the existing control method has great hidden danger in effect and safety.
In some embodiments, the control effect of chitosan oligosaccharide with different molecular weights and different concentrations on the leaf miner of the tomato seedling is examined, and the results show that the 1000Da-3000Da chitosan oligosaccharide can reduce the number of the seedling of the leaf miner damaged by the leaf miner and increase the control effect on the leaf miner after acting on the flattening of cotyledons in the seedling stage of the tomato. Therefore, the invention provides the application of the chitosan oligosaccharide in preventing and controlling the leaf miner of the tomato seedling.
In the present invention, the molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-3000 Da.
In the invention, the concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 25-150 mg/L. In some embodiments, the concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 100 mg/L.
In the present invention, the chitosan oligosaccharide acts on tomato seedlings at a stage where cotyledons are flattened to five to six leaves.
The invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling the leaf miner of the tomato seedling, after the cotyledon of the tomato seedling is flattened, the chitosan oligosaccharide mixed liquor acts on the tomato seedling in a leaf spraying mode, and the dosage of the chitosan oligosaccharide mixed liquor of each seedling is 1/3L/d.
The technicians in the field can understand that the chitosan oligosaccharide mixed solution can be sprayed together with clear water, and the amount of the clear water can be properly increased or decreased according to the weather conditions.
In the invention, the chitosan oligosaccharide mixed solution is a chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution or a solution prepared by dissolving chitosan oligosaccharide in a water-soluble solvent. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the solvent used to dissolve the chitosan oligosaccharide should act directly on the surface of the plant and be absorbed directly by the plant or soil as a nutrient, and that solvents that are toxic to plants cannot be used.
The concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide in the chitosan oligosaccharide mixed solution is 25-150mg/L, the molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-3000Da, the ash content is less than or equal to 1 percent, and the deacetylation degree is 50-100 percent.
In the present invention, the chitosan oligosaccharide dry powder or solvent may be commercially available or may be prepared by a biological enzymatic hydrolysis method.
The crop on which the chitosan oligosaccharide acts in the present invention is tomato, and the variety includes but is not limited to "zidary".
According to the technical scheme, the invention provides the new application of the chitosan oligosaccharide in preventing and controlling the tomato seedling leaf miner. The chitosan oligosaccharide raw material is from shrimp and crab shells, is natural and environment-friendly in source, is prepared by adopting an advanced biological enzymolysis method, is green and safe in processing technology, low in molecular weight and good in water solubility, and is easy to be absorbed by organisms. Meanwhile, the chitosan oligosaccharide has important significance in promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms, improving the stress resistance of plants and generating immune killing effect on various bacteria, fungi, viruses and the like. Experiments show that when the chitosan oligosaccharide solution is sprayed on the leaf surfaces in tomato seedling raising, insect damage can be relieved to a certain extent, and the number of diseased tomato seedlings is reduced. Due to the higher water solubility and safety of the chitosan oligosaccharide, the technical requirement on operators is lower, and no harm is caused to organisms, so that the chitosan oligosaccharide is an environment-friendly, safe and effective agricultural preparation.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a new application of chitosan oligosaccharide. Those skilled in the art can modify the process parameters appropriately to achieve the desired results with reference to the disclosure herein. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. While the methods and products of the present invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications of the methods described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In order to further understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the reagents involved in the examples of the present invention are all commercially available products, and all of them are commercially available. Wherein the water soluble fertilizer is a special fertilizer (19-19-19+ TE) for Terrifa seedling production produced by the Dutch Semifene group.
Example 1 control Effect of Chitosan oligosaccharide with different concentrations on leaf miner of tomato seedling at molecular weight of 1000Da
The molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000Da, and tomato seedlings are cultured by adopting a matrix.
Directly sowing tomato seeds in a 72-hole plug tray, spraying clear water to the substrate before cotyledon flattening, spraying chitosan oligosaccharide water-soluble fertilizer mixed solution with different concentrations every day after cotyledon flattening, wherein the dosage is 1/3L/d each time, and simultaneously spraying clear water. Pesticide is not used in the whole seedling raising period, the growth condition of the tomato seedlings is observed, and the number of damaged seedlings of the leaf miner is counted. The chitosan oligosaccharide concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide water soluble fertilizer group is respectively 25mg/L, 100mg/L and 150mg/L, and the water soluble fertilizer group without the chitosan oligosaccharide (0mg/L) is used as a control group, and each treatment is repeated for 2 times.
The preparation method of the chitosan oligosaccharide water-soluble fertilizer mixed solution comprises the following steps: dissolving 100g (first 7 days) and 200g (after 7 days) of water-soluble fertilizer in 80L of water to prepare water-soluble fertilizer solution, and respectively adding 0mg, 25mg, 100mg and 150mg of chitosan oligosaccharide into the water-soluble fertilizer solution to prepare chitosan oligosaccharide water-soluble fertilizer mixed solution with the concentration of 0mg/L, 25mg/L, 100mg/L and 150 mg/L.
The formula for calculating the relative control effect is as follows, and the results are shown in table 1.
Relative control effect (%) (control group incidence-treatment group incidence)/control group incidence 100
Influence of table 11000 Da chitosan oligosaccharide on control effect of leaf miner of tomato seedling
| Treatment of | Concentration (mg/L) | Relative control effect (%) |
| Control group | 0 | - |
| Treatment A | 25 | 59.97 |
| Treatment B | 100 | 79.99 |
| Treatment C | 150 | 19.95 |
As can be seen from Table 1, under the condition of molecular weight of 1000Da, the chitosan oligosaccharide treated groups (25mg/L, 100mg/L and 150mg/L) all had positive control effect compared with the control group (0mg/L), and the concentration was 100mg/L at the highest.
Example 2 control Effect of Chitosan oligosaccharide with different concentrations at 2000Da molecular weight on leaf miner of tomato seedling
The molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 2000Da, and tomato seedlings are cultured by adopting a matrix.
Directly sowing tomato seeds in a 72-hole plug tray, spraying clear water to the substrate before cotyledon flattening, spraying chitosan oligosaccharide water-soluble fertilizer mixed solution with different concentrations every day after cotyledon flattening, wherein the dosage is 1/3L/d each time, and simultaneously spraying clear water. Pesticide is not used in the whole seedling raising period, the growth condition of the tomato seedlings is observed, and the number of damaged seedlings of the leaf miner is counted. The chitosan oligosaccharide concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide water soluble fertilizer group is respectively 25mg/L, 100mg/L and 150mg/L, and the water soluble fertilizer group without the chitosan oligosaccharide (0mg/L) is used as a control group, and each treatment is repeated for 2 times. The dosage, the preparation method and the calculation of the relative prevention effect of the chitosan oligosaccharide water-soluble fertilizer mixed solution are the same as those in the example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
Influence of 22000 Da chitosan oligosaccharide on control effect of leaf miner of tomato seedling
| Treatment of | Concentration (mg/L) | Relative control effect (%) |
| Control group | 0 | - |
| Process D | 25 | -15.07 |
| Treatment E | 100 | 44.96 |
| Treatment F | 150 | 14.95 |
As can be seen from Table 2, under the condition of molecular weight of 2000Da, when the concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 100mg/L and 150mg/L compared with that of a control group (0mg/L), the control of the tomato seedlings is positive control effect, and the tomato leaf miner insect damage can be effectively prevented; when the concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 25mg/L, the control effect is negative.
Example 3 control Effect of Chitosan oligosaccharide with different concentrations on leaf miner of tomato seedling at 3000Da molecular weight
The molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 3000Da, and tomato seedlings are cultured by adopting a matrix.
Directly sowing tomato seeds in a 72-hole plug tray, spraying clear water to the substrate before cotyledon flattening, spraying chitosan oligosaccharide water-soluble fertilizer mixed solution with different concentrations every day after cotyledon flattening, wherein the dosage is 1/3L/d each time, and simultaneously spraying clear water. Pesticide is not used in the whole seedling raising period, the growth condition of the tomato seedlings is observed, and the number of damaged seedlings of the leaf miner is counted. The chitosan oligosaccharide concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide water soluble fertilizer group is respectively 25mg/L, 100mg/L and 150mg/L, and the water soluble fertilizer group without the chitosan oligosaccharide (0mg/L) is used as a control group, and each treatment is repeated for 2 times. The dosage, the preparation method and the calculation of the relative prevention effect of the chitosan oligosaccharide water-soluble fertilizer mixed solution are the same as those in the example 1. The results are shown in Table 3.
Influence of Table 33000 Da Chitosan oligosaccharide on control effect of leaf miner of tomato seedling
As can be seen from Table 3, when the chitosan oligosaccharide concentration of eggplant seedlings is 100mg/L, the control effect on the seedlings is positive and the tomato leaf miner insect damage can be effectively prevented when the chitosan oligosaccharide concentration is 100mg/L compared with a control group (0mg/L) under the condition of 3000Da molecular weight; when the concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 25mg/L and 150mg/L, the control effect is negative.
Claims (8)
1. The application of chitosan oligosaccharide in preventing and controlling leaf miner of tomato seedlings.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-3000 Da.
3. The use of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 25-150 mg/L.
4. The use of claim 3, wherein the concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 100 mg/L.
5. Use according to claim 1, wherein the chitosan oligosaccharide acts on tomato seedlings during the period from flattening of cotyledons to five to six leaves.
6. A method for preventing and controlling leaf miner of tomato seedlings comprises the steps of after cotyledons of the tomato seedlings are flattened, applying chitosan oligosaccharide mixed liquor to the tomato seedlings in a leaf spraying mode, wherein the dosage of the chitosan oligosaccharide mixed liquor of each seedling is 1/3L/d.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the mixture of chitosan oligosaccharide is aqueous solution of chitosan oligosaccharide or solution of chitosan oligosaccharide dissolved in water-soluble solvent.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the concentration of the chitosan oligosaccharide in the chitosan oligosaccharide mixed solution is 25-150mg/L, and the molecular weight of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 1000-3000 Da.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111303901A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-19 | 广东牧兴农业科技有限公司 | Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN113739845A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-12-03 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Application method of sargassum fusiforme oligosaccharide |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103081911A (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2013-05-08 | 大连理工大学 | Application of chitosan oligosaccharide as insect chitinase inhibitor and pesticide |
| CN106386812A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 中科芯瑞(苏州)生物科技有限公司 | Plant pest-resistant agent |
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2019
- 2019-12-03 CN CN201911240069.0A patent/CN110720464B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103081911A (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2013-05-08 | 大连理工大学 | Application of chitosan oligosaccharide as insect chitinase inhibitor and pesticide |
| CN106386812A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 中科芯瑞(苏州)生物科技有限公司 | Plant pest-resistant agent |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 贺莉萍等: "《马铃薯病虫害防控技术》", 30 September 2015, 武汉大学出版社 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111303901A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-19 | 广东牧兴农业科技有限公司 | Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN111303901B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-23 | 广东牧兴农业科技有限公司 | Soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN113739845A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-12-03 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Application method of sargassum fusiforme oligosaccharide |
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