CN110715731A - Full-linear polarization spectral imaging device based on AOTF and optically active crystal combination - Google Patents
Full-linear polarization spectral imaging device based on AOTF and optically active crystal combination Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an all-linear polarization spectral imaging device based on the combination of AOTF and an optically active crystal. The full-linear polarization spectral imaging component consists of an unbiased beam splitter, a compensator, an optical rotation crystal, an AOTF driving controller, an imaging mirror and a detector. The full-linear polarization spectrum imaging device based on the combination of the AOTF and the optically active crystal adopts the mode of combining the AOTF and the optically active crystal in an imaging light path, and can synchronously obtain full-linear polarization spectrum images of continuous transformation of four polarization angles of 0 degree, 90 degrees, 45 degrees and 135 degrees of the same target in real time through the AOTF and the optically active crystal in the full-linear polarization spectrum imaging component.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polarization spectrum imaging, relates to a polarization spectrum imaging device, and particularly relates to a full-linear polarization spectrum imaging device based on the combination of AOTF and an optically active crystal.
Background
The polarization imaging technology can obtain two-dimensional image information of a target and polarization information of each point of the image, the spectral imaging technology is an organic combination of a spectral analysis technology for extracting and analyzing target spectral data characteristics and a two-dimensional imaging technology for imaging the target, so the polarization imaging technology is combined with the spectral imaging technology to generate the polarization spectral imaging technology, and the polarization spectral imaging technology is a new technology for simultaneously obtaining space, spectrum and polarization information and is widely applied in the fields of remote sensing detection, biomedicine, military target reconnaissance and the like in recent years. At present, polarization spectrum imaging technologies are mainly classified into three types, namely a dispersion element plus polarization element type, a novel polarization interference imaging spectrum type and a filter element plus polarization element type according to different polarization spectrum imaging modes. The dispersive elements are mainly prisms and gratings, the polarizing elements are mainly polarizers and phase modulators, and the filter elements are mainly filters and tunable filters.
The Chinese invention patent with the application number of 201310576075.X discloses a wide-field-of-view volume compact type polarization imaging camera which comprises an objective lens, a plurality of beam splitters, a light filter and light filter switching device, a polarizing plate and an image sensor, and can obtain four polarization state information of the same target with different wavelengths at the same time. However, this camera has two disadvantages: firstly, the moving part of the filter switching device exists, the switching control is complex, and the real-time performance and the accuracy are difficult to ensure; and secondly, the number of beam splitters is large, so that the optical energy of a camera system is greatly reduced.
The application number is 200920032961.5's chinese utility model patent discloses a super spectrum imager of polarization able to programme based on aperture is cut apart and acousto-optic tunable filter, this super spectrum imager of polarization is by leading mirror, the field of view diaphragm, leading collimating mirror, four aperture polarizing discs, sub-aperture imaging mirror, rearmounted collimating mirror, AOTF, the imaging mirror, detector and optical trap etc. constitute, obtain all linear polarization information of target scene simultaneously with the aperture mode of cutting apart, use acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) for analyzer and beam splitting dispersion component, finally form on the detector by four polarization orientation difference and splice at a linear polarization narrowband spectral image, can obtain all linear polarization spectral image information of whole spectral segment through the drive frequency of tuning AOTF. But this polarization spectral imaging approach comes at the expense of spatial resolution.
A paper of a novel dual-AOTF-based imaging spectral polarization detection system is published in "spectroscopy and spectral analysis" in china journal, and the article discusses an imaging spectral polarization detection method using two AOTFs. The method uses a beam splitter to divide incident light into two paths, two beams of light respectively pass through two AOTF, the polarization directions of positive first-order diffracted light of the two AOTF mutually form 45 degrees, and the polarization directions of the positive first-order diffracted light and the negative first-order diffracted light of the AOTF are mutually vertical, so that the positive first-order and the negative first-order diffracted light of the two AOTF can respectively obtain light intensities of 0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees, thereby obtaining spectral polarization information at the same moment.
Disclosure of Invention
Objects of the invention
The purpose of the invention is: the full-linear polarization spectrum imaging device based on the combination of the AOTF and the optical crystal has the advantages of compact structure, high optical efficiency, high spectral resolution, good real-time performance and capability of acquiring different polarization information of the same spectrum of a target at one time.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a full linear polarization imaging device based on the combination of AOTF and an optically active crystal, which comprises a telescopic system 1, a full linear polarization spectral imaging assembly 2 and a computer control and image acquisition system 3; light from a target reaches an unbiased beam splitter 2-1 of a full-linear polarization spectrum imaging component 2 through a telescopic system 1, is divided into two beams through the unbiased beam splitter 2-1, one beam of light enters a compensator 2-2 and then enters a first AOTF2-4 to form two beams of mutually perpendicular positive first-order and negative first-order diffracted light, and the two beams of mutually perpendicular positive first-order and negative first-order diffracted light respectively pass through an imaging lens and then pass through a detector to obtain polarization spectrum images of 0 degree and 90 degrees; and the other beam of light enters the optical rotation crystal 2-3 and then rotates at 45 degrees, and then enters the second AOTF2-6 to form two beams of mutually vertical positive first-order and negative first-order diffracted light, and the two beams of mutually vertical positive first-order and negative first-order diffracted light respectively pass through the imaging lens and then pass through the detector to obtain 45-degree and 135-degree polarization spectrum images, so that full linear polarization images of different spectrums of the target at the same moment are continuously obtained in real time. The control end of the full-linear polarization spectrum imaging component is connected with the serial port of the image acquisition system through a data line and a computer control, and receives the control signal of the computer.
Wherein the full linear polarization spectral imaging assembly 2 further comprises: the first AOTF drive controllers 2-5 and the second AOTF drive controllers 2-7, the first AOTF drive controllers 2-5 and the second AOTF drive controllers 2-7 change the driving frequency under the control of the computer control and image acquisition system 3 so that the wavelength of light passing through the first AOTF2-4 and the second AOTF2-6 is changed accordingly, thereby realizing the spectral continuum transform.
The spectral ranges of the first AOTF2-4 and the second AOTF2-6 are 0.4-1.0 um or 0.9-1.7 um.
Wherein, there are four detectors in full linear polarization spectral imaging subassembly 2, the response wave band of four detectors is 0.4 ~ 1.0um, or 0.9 ~ 1.7um, and corresponding resolution ratio is 2048X 1088, or 640X 512 respectively.
Wherein, the optical rotation crystal 2-3 is a right-handed 45-degree linear polarization optical rotator.
Wherein the design values of the compensator 2-2 and the optically active crystal 2-3 of the all-linear polarization spectral imaging assembly satisfy n1h1＝n2h2Wherein n is1、h1、n2、h2The refractive index and the thickness in the light-transmitting direction of the compensator 2-2, the refractive index and the thickness in the light-transmitting direction of the optically active crystal 2-3, respectively.
The computer control and image acquisition system 3 comprises a computer, a display, an image acquisition card, a memory and a computer control and image acquisition module; the computer control and image acquisition module is divided into an interface module, a radio frequency drive control module and a synchronous acquisition module according to functions; the interface module is used for displaying a function button group and an image display area on a display, wherein the function button group comprises a video acquisition starting button, an image storage button, a radio frequency amplitude adjusting button, a radio frequency interval selecting button, a starting frequency selecting button, a terminating frequency selecting button and a scanning button; the image display area dynamically displays the output full-linear polarization spectrum video image; the starting video acquisition button is used for sending a video image acquisition command, and when the button is pressed, the acquisition card starts video acquisition work; the video image display area is used for dynamically displaying a full linear polarization spectrum video image; the image saving button is used for storing the acquired video image, and when the button is clicked, the computer system stores the acquired full-linear polarization spectrum video image into the memory; the synchronous acquisition module is used for synchronously acquiring full-linear polarization spectrum images with different wavelengths output by the four detectors and sending the full-linear polarization spectrum images into an interface image display area for display; receiving a command of starting a video acquisition button, judging whether to acquire images, if so, starting video image acquisition, and if not, waiting; the function of the radio frequency driving control module is to send out radio frequency driving commands to the first AOTF2-4 and the second AOTF2-6 so as to send radio frequency signals with different frequencies to obtain spectrums with different wavelengths, so that the imaging device continuously outputs full linear polarization spectrum video images with different spectrums.
(III) advantageous effects
The full-linear polarization spectrum imaging device based on the combination of the AOTF and the optically active crystal, which is provided by the technical scheme, has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can quickly and continuously obtain the polarized video images of different target spectrums through a simple and compact polarized spectrum light splitting light path, realizes real-time full-linear polarized spectrum imaging, has high spectral resolution of the formed polarized spectrum image, can obtain the polarized spectrum video images without post image registration processing, and is beneficial to engineering application.
And secondly, the invention adopts the optically active crystal with high precision and high transmittance in the imaging light path, so that one beam of light incident on the AOTF can accurately reach 45-degree deflection without changing the characteristics of polarized light, thereby facilitating installation and debugging and engineering application. The spectral utilization rate is high, and the optical efficiency of the imaging system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of an AOTF-based optically active crystal combined all-linear polarization imaging device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a full linear polarization spectral imaging assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of an all-linear polarization imaging device based on the combination of AOTF and optically active crystals.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of computer control and image acquisition in the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the full linear polarization imaging device based on the combination of AOTF and optically active crystal of the present invention comprises a telescope system 1, a full linear polarization spectral imaging assembly 2 and a computer control and image acquisition system 3.
Referring to fig. 2, the full linear polarization spectral imaging assembly 2 includes an unbiased beam splitter 2-1, a compensator 2-2, an optically active crystal 2-3, a first AOTF2-4, a first AOTF driving controller 2-5, a second AOTF2-6, a second AOTF driving controller 2-7, a first imaging mirror 2-8, a second imaging mirror 2-9, a third imaging mirror 2-10, a fourth imaging mirror 2-11, a first detector 2-12, a second detector 2-13, a third detector 2-14, and a fourth detector 2-15.
The spectral ranges of the first AOTF2-4 and the second AOTF2-6 can be 0.4-1.0 um or 0.9-1.7 um.
The response wave bands of the first detector 2-12, the second detector 2-13, the third detector 2-14 and the fourth detector 2-15 can be 0.4-1.0 um or 0.9-1.7 um, and the corresponding resolutions are 2048 × 1088, 2048 × 1088, 2048 × 1088, 2048 × 1088, 2048 × 1088 or 640 × 512, 640 × 512, 640 × 512 and 640 × 512 respectively.
The optical rotation crystal 2-3 is a right-handed 45-degree linear polarization optical rotator which can realize 45-degree optical rotation, has high rotation precision and high transmittance and does not change the characteristics of linearly polarized light. Compared with the mode that 90-135-degree polarization information is obtained by directly rotating the AOTF by 45 degrees in an imaging light path, the setting of the optically active crystal 2-3 can further ensure the rotation precision and is easy to realize in engineering.
The arrangement of the compensator 2-2 enables the optical paths of the first path of light and the second path of light which are divided from the non-polarization beam splitter 2-1 in the imaging system to be consistent, and ensures that the fully-polarized light with four polarization angles synchronously reaches the first detector 2-12, the second detector 2-13, the third detector 2-14 and the fourth detector 2-15 in real time.
The design values of the compensator and the optically active crystal of the full-linear polarization spectral imaging component satisfy n1h1＝n2h2Wherein n is1、h1、n2、h2The refractive index and the thickness in the light-transmitting direction of the compensator 2-2, the refractive index and the thickness in the light-transmitting direction of the optically active crystal 2-3, respectively.
The working principle of the imaging device is as follows: light from a target enters an unbiased beam splitter 2-1 of a full-linear polarization spectral imaging assembly 2 after passing through a telescopic system 1, is divided into two beams of the same light with half-reduced energy after passing through the unbiased beam splitter 2-1, one beam passes through a compensator 2-2, then enters a first AOTF2-4, and then passes through a first AOTF2-4 to obtain positive-first (0 degree) and negative-first (90 degree) mutually perpendicular diffracted light; the other beam of light which is changed into 45-degree rotating light after passing through the optical rotation crystal 2-3 enters a second AOTF2-6 to obtain positive first-order (45 degrees) and negative first-order (135 degrees) mutually perpendicular diffraction light; the diffracted lights in the four directions are converged and imaged on target surfaces of a first detector 2-12, a second detector 2-13, a third detector 2-14 and a fourth detector 2-15 through an imaging mirror through a first imaging mirror 2-8, a second imaging mirror 2-9, a third imaging mirror 2-10 and a fourth imaging mirror 2-11 respectively. The first detector 2-12, the second detector 2-13, the third detector 2-14 and the fourth detector 2-15 convert the optical signals into electric signals and send the electric signals into the computer control and image acquisition processing system 3, and finally, full linear polarization spectrum images with different wavelengths are obtained. Video signal output ends of the first detector 2-12, the second detector 2-13, the third detector 2-14 and the fourth detector 2-15 are connected with an input end of an image acquisition card of an image acquisition system through data lines, and the first AOTF drive controller 2-5 and the second AOTF drive controller 2-7 change drive frequency under the control of a computer and the control of the image acquisition system, so that the wavelength of light passing through the first AOTF2-4 and the second AOTF2-6 is changed along with the change of the wavelength of the light, and spectrum continuous transformation is achieved. The control end is connected with the serial port of the computer control and image acquisition system 3 through a data line and is used for receiving a control signal of a computer.
Referring to fig. 3, light from an object and a background at infinity enters an incidence plane of an unbiased beam splitter 2-1 after entering a telescopic system 1, is split into two identical light beams with halved energy after passing through the unbiased beam splitter, enters a compensator 2-2 without any change, enters an incidence plane of a first AOTF2-4, and is emitted as mutually perpendicular first-order (0 °) diffraction light and negative first-order (90 °) diffraction light through the first AOTF 2-4; the other beam of light enters the optical rotation crystal 2-3 and then is emitted to the incident surface of AOTF2-6 by rotating 45 degrees, and is emitted as mutually perpendicular positive first-order (45 degrees) diffraction light and negative first-order (135 degrees) diffraction light through AOTF2-6, and the four beams of diffraction light with different polarization angles are converged and imaged by a first detector 2-12, a second detector 2-13, a third detector 2-14 and a fourth detector 2-15 through a first imaging mirror 2-8, a second imaging mirror 2-9, a third imaging mirror 2-10 and a fourth imaging mirror 2-11.
The computer control and image acquisition system 3 has the functions of driving control and image acquisition of the first AOTF2-4 and the second AOTF2-6, the hardware comprises a computer, a display, an image acquisition card, a memory, and the software comprises a computer control and image acquisition module, and the working flow is as shown in fig. 4.
The computer control and image acquisition module is divided into an interface module, a radio frequency drive control module and a synchronous acquisition module according to functions. The interface module functions to display a function button group and an image display area on a display. The function button group comprises a video acquisition starting button, an image storing button, a radio frequency amplitude adjusting button, a radio frequency interval selecting button, a starting frequency selecting button, a terminating frequency selecting button and a scanning button; the image display area dynamically displays the output full-linear polarization spectrum video image;
the start video acquisition button is used for sending a video image acquisition command, and when the button is pressed, the acquisition card starts video acquisition work. The video image display area is used for dynamically displaying the full-linear polarization spectrum video image. The save image button is used to store the captured video image, and when the button is clicked, the computer system stores the captured full linear polarization spectrum video image in the memory.
The synchronous acquisition module is used for synchronously acquiring full-linear polarization spectrum images with different wavelengths output by the first detector 2-12, the second detector 2-13, the third detector 2-14 and the fourth detector 2-15 and sending the full-linear polarization spectrum images to the interface image display area for display. And receiving a command of starting a video acquisition button, judging whether to acquire images, if so, starting video image acquisition, and if not, waiting.
The function of the radio frequency driving control module is to send out radio frequency driving commands to the first AOTF2-4 and the second AOTF2-6 so as to send radio frequency signals with different frequencies to obtain spectrums with different wavelengths, so that the imaging device continuously outputs full linear polarization spectrum video images with different spectrums.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A full linear polarization imaging device based on the combination of AOTF and optically active crystals is characterized by comprising a telescopic system (1), a full linear polarization spectral imaging component (2) and a computer control and image acquisition system (3); light from a target reaches an unbiased beam splitter (2-1) of a full-linear polarization spectrum imaging assembly (2) through a telescopic system (1), is divided into two beams through the unbiased beam splitter (2-1), and one beam of light enters a compensator (2-2) and then enters a first AOTF (2-4) to form two beams of mutually vertical positive first-order and negative first-order diffracted light which respectively pass through an imaging lens and then pass through a detector to obtain polarization spectrum images of 0 degree and 90 degrees; the other beam of light enters the optical rotation crystal (2-3) and rotates at 45 degrees, and then enters the second AOTF (2-6) to form two beams of mutually vertical positive first-order and negative first-order diffracted light, and the two beams of mutually vertical positive first-order and negative first-order diffracted light respectively pass through the imaging lens and then pass through the detector to obtain 45-degree and 135-degree polarization spectrum images, and the full linear polarization images of different spectrums of the target at the same moment are continuously obtained in real time; the control end of the full-linear polarization spectrum imaging component is connected with the serial port of the image acquisition system through a data line and a computer control, and receives the control signal of the computer.
2. The fully linearly polarized imaging device based on the combination of AOTF and optically active crystal according to claim 1 wherein the fully linearly polarized spectral imaging module (2) further comprises: the first AOTF drive controllers (2-5) and the second AOTF drive controllers (2-7), the first AOTF drive controllers (2-5) and the second AOTF drive controllers (2-7) change the drive frequency under the control of the computer control and the image acquisition system (3), so that the wavelengths of light passing through the first AOTF (2-4) and the second AOTF (2-6) are changed along with the change of the drive frequency, and the spectrum continuous transformation is realized.
3. The all-linear polarization imaging device based on the combination of AOTF and optically active crystals according to claim 2, wherein the spectral range of the first AOTF (2-4), the second AOTF (2-6) is 0.4-1.0 um, or 0.9-1.7 um.
4. The AOTF and optically active crystal combined all-linear polarization imaging device according to claim 3, wherein there are four detectors in the all-linear polarization spectral imaging assembly (2), the four detectors have response band of 0.4-1.0 um, or 0.9-1.7 um, and corresponding resolution is 2048 x 1088, or 640 x 512 respectively.
5. The all-linear polarization imaging device based on the combination of AOTF and optically active crystals according to claim 4, wherein the optically active crystals (2-3) are right-handed 45 ° linear polarization rotators.
6. The all-linear polarization imaging device based on the AOTF and optically active crystal combination according to claim 5, wherein the design values of the compensator (2-2) and the optically active crystal (2-3) of the all-linear polarization spectral imaging module satisfy n1h1＝n2h2Wherein n is1、h1、n2、h2The refractive index and the thickness of the light-transmitting direction of the compensator (2-2), and the refractive index and the thickness of the light-transmitting direction of the optically active crystal (2-3), respectively.
7. The AOTF and optically active crystal combined all-linear polarization imaging device according to claim 6, wherein said computer control and image acquisition system (3) comprises a computer, a display, an image acquisition card, a memory, a computer control and image acquisition module; the computer control and image acquisition module is divided into an interface module, a radio frequency drive control module and a synchronous acquisition module according to functions; the interface module is used for displaying a function button group and an image display area on a display, wherein the function button group comprises a video acquisition starting button, an image storage button, a radio frequency amplitude adjusting button, a radio frequency interval selecting button, a starting frequency selecting button, a terminating frequency selecting button and a scanning button; the image display area dynamically displays the output full-linear polarization spectrum video image; the starting video acquisition button is used for sending a video image acquisition command, and when the button is pressed, the acquisition card starts video acquisition work; the video image display area is used for dynamically displaying a full linear polarization spectrum video image; the image saving button is used for storing the acquired video image, and when the button is clicked, the computer system stores the acquired full-linear polarization spectrum video image into the memory; the synchronous acquisition module is used for synchronously acquiring full-linear polarization spectrum images with different wavelengths output by the four detectors and sending the full-linear polarization spectrum images into an interface image display area for display; receiving a command of starting a video acquisition button, judging whether to acquire images, if so, starting video image acquisition, and if not, waiting; the radio frequency driving control module is used for sending radio frequency driving commands to the first AOTF (2-4) and the second AOTF (2-6) so as to send radio frequency signals with different frequencies to obtain spectrums with different wavelengths, and the imaging device is enabled to continuously output full linear polarization spectrum video images with different spectrums.
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