CN107101722A - A kind of broadband linear polarization imaging method based on Mach Zehnder interferometer - Google Patents
A kind of broadband linear polarization imaging method based on Mach Zehnder interferometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107101722A CN107101722A CN201710221519.6A CN201710221519A CN107101722A CN 107101722 A CN107101722 A CN 107101722A CN 201710221519 A CN201710221519 A CN 201710221519A CN 107101722 A CN107101722 A CN 107101722A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/447—Polarisation spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/45—Interferometric spectrometry
- G01J3/453—Interferometric spectrometry by correlation of the amplitudes
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of broadband linear polarization imaging method based on Mach Zehnder interferometer, the light of extraterrestrial target polarization information is carried through being incided by preposition optics microscope group in Polarization Detection imaging system, light beam is divided into reflected light (p light) and transmitted light (s light) in the presence of polarization beam apparatus, two-beam is respectively through diffraction grating, realize dispersion, by plane mirror, change the direction of propagation, then incident in polarization beam apparatus, wherein p light reflects, s light transmissions, pass through after two-beam convergence after polarizer, direction of vibration is mutually perpendicular to, in the presence of imaging len, stable interference fringe can be obtained on CCD detection array, Fourier transform finally is carried out to interference fringe, filtering and Fourier's inverse transform, so as to obtain the two dimensional image of linear polarization component.The present invention is in astronomical observation, and earth remote sensing, the field such as machine vision and biomedical diagnostic has potential using value.
Description
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to optical remote sensing field of detecting, be related to a kind of broadband linear polarization based on Mach Zehnder interferometer into
Image space method.
【Background technology】
Polarization imaging is a kind of can to carry while obtain the advanced Detection Techniques of the strength information and polarization information of target
There are certain potentiality in terms of the detection of high target, identification, classification effectiveness and precision, military surveillance, earth resource generaI investigation,
Many necks such as environmental health monitoring and surveilliance, natural calamity forecast, Atmospheric Survey, astronomical observation, machine vision are freeed, biomedical diagnostic
Domain all has great application value and development prospect.Channel modulation type polarization imaging technology is used as a new remote sensing
Technology, has caused the attention of domestic and international mechanism with its unique remote sensing advantage, foreign study mechanism be concentrated mainly on it is beautiful,
The large project of the country such as day, Europe relies on unit, the military, university etc.；Mainly there are Anhui ray machine institute, west in studies in China mechanism
Pacify ray machine institute, Xi'an Communications University etc., the polarization imaging Detection Techniques reported differ from one another.
The core devices of channel modulation type polarization imager typically use birefringece crystal or interferometer.According to imaging side
Formula, can be divided into Active Imaging and imaging and passive imaging, Active Imaging using Muller matrix polarization imaging as representative, its light source it is known or
It is controllable, so as to detect the polarization state of target；Imaging and passive imaging is general based on natural light, due to not limited by light source, actual to answer
It is wider with scope.It can be divided into data reduction pattern, Fourier analysis method, channel modulation pattern according to data processing method.Press
According to time sequencing, timing polarization imaging can be divided into again, with non-sequential polarization imaging.Timing mainly includes rotatory polarization piece
Type and liquid crystal regulation type：Rotatory polarization piece type is that turntable is placed before image camera, and rotatory polarization piece is to obtain target polarization
State；Liquid crystal regulation type is the sequence of electrically-controlled liquid crystal, realizes polarizer function, it is also possible to obtain the polarization state of target, the two lack
Point is that dynamic object can not be imaged；Non-sequential can be divided into a point amplitude type, point aperture type, point focal plane type and channel modulation again
Type.Amplitude type is divided to generally require multiple detectors, data syn-chronization is more difficult, and equipment instrument is than larger and more complicated, robustness
It is relatively low；Point aperture type is to be divided into the aperture of optical system multiple, and each aperture separately detects the polarization information of target, detection
The utilization rate of device is relatively low, makes difficult；Point focal plane type adds polarization plates before the detectors, and every four pixels can detect one
The polarization information of target pixel points, spatial resolution is low, and technique manufacture difficulty is big.
【The content of the invention】
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of broadband linear polarization imaging method based on Mach Zehnder interferometer, utilize
The dispersion and interferometer light splitting of transmissive diffraction grating obtain the light beam shearing displacement being directly proportional to wavelength, are interfered by two-beam,
Obtain the stokes parameters (S of linear polarization information0、S1、S2) it is modulated to the image of interference fringe amplitude, interference fringe frequency
It is inversely proportional, is directly proportional to shearing displacement with wavelength, so as to eliminates the influence of wavelength.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is achieved using following technical scheme：
A kind of broadband linear polarization imaging method based on Mach Zehnder interferometer, comprises the following steps：
The light for carrying extraterrestrial target polarization information is incided in Polarization Modulation module by preposition optics microscope group, incident light
Beam is divided into reflected light and transmitted light in the presence of the first polarization beam apparatus, reflected light and transmitted light respectively through diffraction grating,
Dispersion is produced, respectively through the first plane mirror and the second plane mirror, changes the direction of propagation；Then reflected light and transmission
Light is incided in the second polarization beam apparatus respectively, wherein reflected light back, incident light transmission, by polarization after two-beam convergence
After piece, direction of vibration is mutually perpendicular to, in the presence of imaging len, and stable interference fringe is obtained on planar array detector,
Fourier transform, filtering and Fourier's inverse transform are carried out to interference fringe finally by data acquisition processing system, so as to obtain
The two dimensional image of linear polarization component.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
Channel modulation type is that the polarization information of target is being modulated in different spatial frequencys, so that on a sub-picture
The target polarization information of acquisition, the polarization imaging method can obtain the polarization information of target simultaneously, with making simple, light path
Simply, it is with low cost, the advantages of spatial resolution is high；The invention belongs to snapshot-type channel modulation polarization imaging method, first, sheet
Invention imaging band is wide, can obtain the strength information and polarization information of target simultaneously under low light condition；Secondly, the present invention
Need a two field picture of extraterrestrial target, you can to obtain its linear polarization image-forming information, dynamic object can be detected, operating efficiency
It is high；Finally, data processing of the present invention is simple and quick, and target can be detected in real time.
【Brief description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is color dispersion-type Mach Zehnder interferometer molded line polarization imaging device of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that transmissive diffraction grating of the present invention carries out dispersion compensation；
Beam distribution figures of the Fig. 3 for the present invention Jing Guo Polarization Modulation module.
Wherein：The preposition optics microscope groups of 10-；11- object lens；12- field stops；13- collimation lenses；20- Polarization Modulation modules；
211/4 wave plate；The polarization beam apparatus of 22- first；The diffraction grating of 23- first；The diffraction grating of 24- second；The plane reflections of 25- first
Mirror；The diffraction grating of 26- the 3rd；The diffraction grating of 27- the 4th；The plane mirrors of 28- second；The polarization beam apparatus of 29- second；30- is inclined
Galvanometer；40- imaging lens；50- planar array detectors；60- data acquisition processing systems.
【Embodiment】
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Referring to Fig. 1-3, the broadband linear polarization imaging device of the invention based on Mach Zehnder interferometer, including set gradually
In in light path for the preposition optics microscope group 10 of collimated incident light, Polarization Modulation module 20, imaging len 40 and face battle array visit
Survey device 50；Incident light, which enters, enters Polarization Modulation module 20 after preposition optics microscope group 10, formed after Polarization Modulation module 20
The two orthogonal light of beam direction of vibration, and in the presence of imaging len 40, interference bar is formed on planar array detector 50
Line；The number for carrying out Fourier transform, filtering and Fourier's inverse transform to interference fringe is also associated with planar array detector 50
According to acquisition processing system 60；Polariscope 30 is provided between imaging len 40 and Polarization Modulation module 20.
As shown in figure 1, preposition optics microscope group 10 includes object lens 11, field stop 12 and the standard set gradually along incident ray
Straight lens 13.Object lens 11 are telephotolens, microcobjective or common object lens.
Polarization Modulation module 20 includes the quarter wave plate 21 and first of the 0 ° of placement of quick shaft direction set gradually along incident ray
Polarization beam apparatus 22；Incident light is divided into transmitted light and reflected light, between reflected light and transmitted light after the first polarization beam apparatus 22
Angle be 90 °；The first diffraction grating 23, the second diffraction grating 24 and the first plane mirror are disposed with transmitted light path
25, transmitted light is after the first plane mirror 25, with the reflection parallel light after the first polarization beam apparatus 22；Reflected light path
On be disposed with the 3rd diffraction grating 26, the 4th diffraction grating 27 and the second plane mirror 28, reflected light is flat by second
After face speculum 28, with the transmission parallel light after the first polarization beam apparatus 22；By the transmission of the first plane mirror 25
The reflected light of the second plane mirror 28 of light and process is converged at the second polarizing beam splitter mirror 29, is passed through by transmitted light and reflected light
Direction of vibration after the second polarizing beam splitter mirror 29 is crossed to be mutually perpendicular to.First diffraction grating 23, the second diffraction grating 24, the 3rd diffraction light
Grid 26 and, the 4th diffraction grating 27 be transmissive diffraction grating.
Polarization Modulation module 20 is by the quarter wave plate 21 of 0 ° of placement, the first polarization beam apparatus 22, the first diffraction grating 23, the
Two diffraction grating 24, the first plane mirror 25, the 3rd diffraction grating 26, the 4th diffraction grating 27, the second plane mirror 28
And second polarization beam apparatus 29 constitute；Wherein four diffraction grating are located in Mach Zehnder light path branch, between two groups of gratings
Distance it is identical, and two leg lengths are equal；Light beam passes through after quarter wave plate 21, its linear polarization information S carried1It is inclined with circle
Information of shaking S3Transposition, polarization state is by S=[S0,S1,S2,S3]TIt is changed into S=[S0,S3,S2,S1]T, in the first polarization beam splitting
Mirror 22 under effect, transmitted light (S light) transmission, reflected light (P light) reflection, wherein by taking S light as an example, light beam passes through the first diffraction
Dispersion phenomenon occurs after grating 23, different wavelength is diffracted into different directions, after the second diffraction grating 24, light
The direction of propagation of line changes again, is changed into directional light；After the first plane mirror 25 by 45 ° of placements, change and propagate
Route；Similarly, P light experience identical changes, and is met with S light at the second polarization beam apparatus 29, by the second polarization beam apparatus
After 29, two-beam direction of vibration is mutually perpendicular to, in theory the two phase difference (machining accuracy herein that there is wavelength
And its it is high, Mach Zehnder interferometer four edges, brachium is essentially equal), when interfering, center striped has been offset, but not
Influence measurement result；Afterwards, light beam passes through polariscope 30, and direction of vibration is mutually perpendicular to；In the presence of imaging len 40, face battle array
Interference is obtained on detector 50 decent；Gather, extract and handle that to can obtain line inclined finally by data acquisition processing system 60
The corresponding two-dimensional space distribution map of information of shaking.
Broadband linear polarization imaging method of the invention based on Mach Zehnder interferometer, comprises the following steps：
The light for carrying extraterrestrial target polarization information is incided in Polarization Modulation module by preposition optics microscope group, incident light
Beam is divided into reflected light and transmitted light in the presence of the first polarization beam apparatus, reflected light and transmitted light respectively through diffraction grating,
Dispersion is produced, respectively through the first plane mirror and the second plane mirror, changes the direction of propagation；Then reflected light and transmission
Light is incided in the second polarization beam apparatus respectively, wherein reflected light back, incident light transmission, by polarization after two-beam convergence
After piece, direction of vibration is mutually perpendicular to, in the presence of imaging len, and stable interference fringe is obtained on planar array detector,
Fourier transform, filtering and Fourier's inverse transform are carried out to interference fringe finally by data acquisition processing system, so as to obtain
The two dimensional image of linear polarization component.
Transmissive diffraction grating is the ideal situation of transmission-type binary optical elements, will be high using diffraction efficiency in method
First-order diffraction light.There is lateral shear effect by the light of color dispersion-type Mach Zehnder interferometer, shearing displacement is directly proportional to wavelength.
Such as Fig. 2, Mach Zehnder interferometer generation and the key technology of the positively related horizontal shear capacity of wavelength are complete by two
What exactly the same transmissive diffraction grating 23 was constituted：Beam orthogonal is incided in transmissive diffraction grating 23, occurs diffraction phenomena,
Wherein there is dsin θ in the angle of diffraction with wavelengthλ=m λ relation (the d diffraction grating cycles, θλFor the angle of diffraction, m is diffraction time, and λ is
Wavelength), another shearing displacement Δ/2=Ltan θλ, when angle is sufficiently small, above-mentioned relation is approximately Δ/2=Lsin θ=Lm λ/d, i.e.,
Obtain and the positively related shearing displacement of wavelength.
Such as Fig. 3, two-beam passes through after Polarization Modulation module 20, shearing displacement and the wavelength positive correlation of each wave band, and adjusts
The out of phase factor in system.
The principle of the present invention：
The light of extraterrestrial target polarization information is carried through being incided by preposition optics microscope group 10 in Polarization Modulation module 20,
Light beam is incided after the quarter wave plate 21 of 0 ° of placement, linear polarization information S1With circular polarization information S3Exchange, in polarization beam splitting
It is divided into reflected light (s light) and transmitted light (p light) in the presence of device 22, two-beam occurs diffraction and showed respectively through diffraction grating 23
As, dispersion is realized, by plane mirror 24, changes the direction of propagation, then incident in polarization beam apparatus 22, wherein P light
Reflection, S light transmissions, pass through after polarizer 30, direction of vibration is mutually perpendicular to, in the work of imaging len 40 after two-beam convergence
Under, stable interference fringe can be obtained on CCD detection array 50, Fourier transform, filter are finally carried out to interference fringe
Involve Fourier's inverse transform, so as to obtain the two dimensional image of linear polarization component.
The technological thought of above content only to illustrate the invention, it is impossible to which protection scope of the present invention is limited with this, it is every to press
According to technological thought proposed by the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical scheme each falls within claims of the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of broadband linear polarization imaging method based on Mach Zehnder interferometer, it is characterised in that this method is based on one kind
Broadband linear polarization imaging device, the broadband linear polarization imaging device include be set in turn in light path be used for collimate into
Penetrate preposition optics microscope group (10), Polarization Modulation module (20), imaging len (40) and the planar array detector (50) of light；Incident light
Enter Polarization Modulation module (20) afterwards into preposition optics microscope group (10), the vibration of two beams is formed after Polarization Modulation module (20)
The orthogonal light in direction, and in the presence of imaging len (40), interference fringe is formed on planar array detector (50)；Face
It is also associated with adopting for carrying out interference fringe the data of Fourier transform, filtering and Fourier's inverse transform on array detector (50)
Collect processing system (60)；
Polarization Modulation module (20) includes the broadband quarter wave plate (21) and the first polarization beam apparatus set gradually along incident ray
(22)；Incident light is divided into transmitted light and reflected light after the first polarization beam apparatus (22), the angle between reflected light and transmitted light
For 90 °；The first diffraction grating (23), the second diffraction grating (24) and the first plane mirror are disposed with transmitted light path
(25), transmitted light is after the first plane mirror (25), with the reflection parallel light after the first polarization beam apparatus (22)；Instead
Penetrate in light path and be disposed with the 3rd diffraction grating (26), the 4th diffraction grating (27) and the second plane mirror (28), reflect
Light is after the second plane mirror (28), with the transmission parallel light after the first polarization beam apparatus (22)；It is flat by first
The transmitted light of face speculum (25) and the reflected light of the second plane mirror of process (28) are converged at the second polarizing beam splitter mirror (29) place
Poly-, by transmitted light and reflected light, direction of vibration is mutually perpendicular to after the second polarizing beam splitter mirror (29)；
It the described method comprises the following steps：
The light for carrying extraterrestrial target polarization information is incided in Polarization Modulation module by preposition optics microscope group, and incident beam exists
It is divided into reflected light and transmitted light in the presence of first polarization beam apparatus, reflected light and transmitted light are produced respectively through diffraction grating
Dispersion, respectively through the first plane mirror and the second plane mirror, changes the direction of propagation；Then reflected light and transmitted light are divided
Do not incide in the second polarization beam apparatus, wherein reflected light back, incident light transmission, after two-beam convergence by polarizer it
Afterwards, direction of vibration is mutually perpendicular to, in the presence of imaging len, stable interference fringe is obtained on planar array detector, finally
Fourier transform, filtering and Fourier's inverse transform are carried out to interference fringe by data acquisition processing system, so that it is inclined to obtain line
Shake the two dimensional image of component.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109489579A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-19 | 暨南大学 | A kind of Sagnac polarization imaging device and method based on high dencity grating |
| CN111194419A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2020-05-22 | 高新技术学习公司 | Additional imaging module for off-axis recording of polarization encoded waves |
| CN113280916A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-20 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Fourier transform spectrometer |
-
2017
- 2017-04-06 CN CN201710221519.6A patent/CN107101722A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111194419A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2020-05-22 | 高新技术学习公司 | Additional imaging module for off-axis recording of polarization encoded waves |
| CN109489579A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-19 | 暨南大学 | A kind of Sagnac polarization imaging device and method based on high dencity grating |
| CN113280916A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-20 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Fourier transform spectrometer |
| CN113280916B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-08-05 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Fourier transform spectrometer |
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Application publication date: 20170829 |