CN105157835A - Snapshot-type multispectral image multiple-splitting spectral imaging method and spectral imager - Google Patents
Snapshot-type multispectral image multiple-splitting spectral imaging method and spectral imager Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a snapshot-type multispectral image multiple-splitting spectral imaging method and a spectral imager. The related spectral imager comprises an objective lens, a collimating mirror, a light-splitting structure, an imaging lens, a filter plate array and a detector, which are mutually parallel and are arranged in sequence. The light-splitting structure is the light-splitting structure based on Wollaston prisms, and comprises a polarizer, four wave plates and four Wollaston prisms, which are arranged in parallel, wherein the four wave plates and four Wollaston prisms are arranged alternatively. According to the snapshot-type multispectral spectral imager, output images thereof can be used directly without follow-up data processing work; and meanwhile, the imager is simple in imaging principle, easy to process and low in cost, and meets requirement for miniature design.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spectral imaging technology field, particularly relate to a kind of fast illuminated multispectral section of optical spectrum imagers.
Background technology
Optical spectrum imagers can obtain two-dimensional space information (x, y) and the one dimension spectral information (λ) of the detection of a target simultaneously, the three-dimensional data cube of establishing target.The method obtaining data cube has three kinds usually: time scan, spacescan and snapshot (Snap-shot), first two can be referred to as scan method.Time scan type spectrometer needs to arrange different bandpass filter to obtain each spectral coverage information in spectral coverage to be measured in different time sections, but bandpass filter has bandwidth to limit, so there is error when reconstructing image; Spacescan type spectrometer needs space to move or spectrometer itself has moving component, so easy introducing is aimed at and kinematic error, and scanning motion is very high with the requirement pushing away kinematic accuracy and the stability putting down platform to scanning mechanism, increases difficulty of processing and the cost of moving component.These two kinds of sweep type spectrometers be all with certain scan mode to obtain the complete image spectral information of target scene, space and spectral information cannot be obtained in single exposure simultaneously, thus limit the application of imaging spectrometer in fast target detection etc.
Calculating spectral imaging technology (computationalimagingspectrometry, CIS) is the novel fast illuminated spectral imaging technology of one proposed in recent years.This technology is based on traditional color dispersion-type spectral imaging technology, introduce the two-dimensional encoded template with special mathematical form, coding templet and dispersion element are modulated the spatial information of target and spectral information respectively, and adopt compressive sensing theory to carry out three-dimensional map reconstruction to the two-dimensional map aliased image obtained, single exposure just can reconstruct the three-dimensional data cube information of target, the fast illuminated imaging of realize target scenery spatial information and spectral information.But, due to the follow-up inversion algorithm of needs, dynamic object real-time spectrum measurement can not be realized; Meanwhile, its principle is complicated, and processing technology is complicated, and the volume, weight etc. of instrument are not easy to control thus.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of fast illuminated multispectral image subdivision spectrum imaging method and optical spectrum imagers, its output image, without the need to follow-up data Processing tasks, can directly be applied, simultaneously, this imager principle is simple, and processing is simple and cost is low, meets the requirement of small design.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of fast illuminated multispectral section of optical spectrum imagers, comprising: set gradually and the object lens be parallel to each other, collimating mirror, beam-splitting structure, imaging lens, filter plate array and detector; Wherein: described beam-splitting structure is the beam-splitting structure based on Wollaston prism.
Described beam-splitting structure comprises:
The polarizer be arranged in parallel, four wave plates and four Wollaston prisms; Wherein, four wave plates and four interspersed settings of Wollaston prisms.
A kind of fast illuminated multispectral image subdivision spectrum imaging method, realize based on aforesaid fast illuminated multispectral section of optical spectrum imagers, light beam is by objective lens entrance, parallel incident beam-splitting structure after collimating mirror, in beam-splitting structure, light beam is split as N bundle, injects imaging lens imaging afterwards, Filter Array carries out filtering and compensating light path difference after filtration again, finally obtain on the detector be the pure and imaging of N number of wave band accurately as.
Described beam-splitting structure comprises the polarizer be arranged in parallel, four wave plates and four Wollaston prisms, and four wave plates and four Wollaston prisms of wherein interspersed setting form four beam splitters, after light beam injects beam-splitting structure, are 2 by beam splitting
4=16 bundle light.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, entrance slit is not had in structure, luminous flux is high, and there is no moving component, sweep and staring imaging without the need to pushing away, in the imaging of planar array detector one frame, the two-dimensional space information of different spectrum becomes array combination imaging on the detector, just can obtain spatial information and the spectral information of target at single exposure simultaneously; Meanwhile, there is no the demand of follow-up inversion algorithm, dynamic object real-time spectrum measurement can be realized, in the flexible variation targets of detection, there is very large advantage; In addition, processing technology is relatively simple.The volume, weight, power consumption etc. of instrument, all very easily control thus, meets various small design demand.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
The structural representation of a kind of fast illuminated multispectral section of optical spectrum imagers that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of the beam-splitting structure of 16 wave bands that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The 16 wave band imaging schematic diagram that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The point range figure of 462.5nm, 587.5nm, 712.5nm and 837.5nm tetra-spectral bands that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The MTF curve map of 462.5nm, 587.5nm, 712.5nm and 837.5nm tetra-spectral bands that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The polaroid that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention combines the structural representation of optical axis with wave plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The structural representation of a kind of fast illuminated multispectral section of optical spectrum imagers that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, it mainly comprises: set gradually and the object lens be parallel to each other, collimating mirror, beam-splitting structure, imaging lens, filter plate array and detector; Wherein: described beam-splitting structure is the beam-splitting structure based on Wollaston prism.
In the embodiment of the present invention, described beam-splitting structure is the beam-splitting structure of 16 wave bands, and as shown in Figure 2, it comprises: the polarizer be arranged in parallel, four wave plates and four Wollaston prisms; Wherein, four wave plates and four interspersed settings of Wollaston prisms.
In the present embodiment, the Wollaston prism of four shown in Fig. 2 is their respective sides, and because their setting angle is different, thickness is different, therefore, illustrated four Wollaston prisms exist certain difference; The same, the wave plate that four wave plates have also selected thickness different.But it is emphasized that the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the setting angle of Wollaston prism and thickness, also do not limit the thickness of wave plate, user can carry out arranging and regulating accordingly according to actual conditions.The beam-splitting structure of 16 wave bands described in the embodiment of the present invention, the image of each independence of 16 spectral bands, small size same scape, array areas combine can be generated in planar array detector one frame, just can obtain spatial information and the spectral information of target at single exposure, image taking speed is fast simultaneously.
Exemplary, as shown in Figure 3, for spectrometer becomes the picture of 4 × 4 arrays, subimage is orderly, neat each other must be arranged on the detector, and the wavelength value corresponding to each subimage is as shown in table 1.In Fig. 3, every 5 points (arranging in cruciform) represent a subimage, therefore detector obtain 4 × 4=16 subimage, and the wavelength value corresponding to each subimage is as shown in table 1.5 points represent full filed imaging on the detector, these five visual fields are respectively: (x=0.00, y=0.00), (x=0.00, y=1.25), (x=1.25, y=0.00), (x=0.00, y=-1.25) and (x=-1.25, y=0.00).As can be seen here, it accurately can realize 16 wave band imagings, and imaging clearly is accurate, and the overlapping or image blur phenomenon without imaging, meet overall objective requirement, image quality is good.
The wavelength that table 116 subimage is corresponding
In addition, the image quality evaluating this optical system mainly considers point range figure, modulation transfer function (MTF) value two indices.Because system adopts Wollaston prism to carry out light splitting, entire image is spatially divided into 16 accurate monochromatic areas, therefore, for analyzing each monochromatic light image quality, in the embodiment of the present invention, choose 462.5nm, 587.5nm, 712.5nm and 837.5nm tetra-spectral bands and carry out point range figure and mtf value analysis.
Fig. 4 is the point range figure of each visual field in picture plane, comprise following five each and every one visual fields: (x=0.00, y=0.00), (x=0.00, y=1.25), (x=1.25, y=0.00), (x=0.00, y=-1.25) and (x=-1.25, y=0.00), the circle in figure represents the Airy disk size of optical system.The RMS radius of each field rays imaging point is all less than 4.5 μm (detector pixel dimension 9 μm), thus the system that ensures has good image quality.
Fig. 5 is the MTF curve that optimal design obtains system, comprise following five visual fields: (x=0.00, y=0.00), (x=0.00, y=1.25), (x=1.25, y=0.00), (x=0.00, y=-1.25) and (x=-1.25, y=0.00), at the nyquist frequency 56lp/mm place that focal plane equivalence pixel dimension is corresponding, except the transfer function values of this spectral line of 837.5nm is greater than 0.7, all the other each monochromatic light mtf values are all more than 0.8, and its image quality is close to diffraction limit.
The fast illuminated that the embodiment of the present invention provides multispectral section of optical spectrum imagers, not entrance slit, luminous flux is high, and there is no moving component, sweep and staring imaging without the need to pushing away, in the imaging of planar array detector one frame, the two-dimensional space information of different spectrum becomes array combination imaging on the detector, just can obtain spatial information and the spectral information of target at single exposure simultaneously; Meanwhile, there is no the demand of follow-up inversion algorithm, dynamic object real-time spectrum measurement can be realized, in the flexible variation targets of detection, there is very large advantage; In addition, processing technology is relatively simple.The volume, weight, power consumption etc. of instrument, all very easily control thus, meets various small design demand.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of fast illuminated multispectral image subdivision spectrum imaging method, the method realizes based on aforesaid fast illuminated multispectral section of optical spectrum imagers, imaging process is as follows: light beam is by objective lens entrance, parallel incident beam-splitting structure after collimating mirror, in beam-splitting structure, light beam is split as N bundle, injects imaging lens imaging afterwards, Filter Array carries out filtering and compensating light path difference after filtration again, finally obtain on the detector be the pure and imaging of N number of wave band accurately as.
In the embodiment of the present invention, described beam-splitting structure can allow a parallel beam reflect into different angles respectively with optical wavelength difference to output on detector, and fast illuminated is Polaroid simultaneously to realize spectrum and image by repeatedly birefringent method.Specifically, described beam-splitting structure comprises the polarizer be arranged in parallel, four wave plates and four Wollaston prisms, wherein intert arrange four wave plates and four Wollaston prisms form four beam splitters, after light beam injects beam-splitting structure, be 2 by beam splitting
4=16 bundle light.
Beam-splitting structure is the core devices of fast illuminated multispectral section of optical spectrum imagers, the quality and quantity that input scene image copies, is separated, depend on the quantity of beam splitter, in other words, often increase a beam splitter (namely arranging spectrum quantity 2 doubly to increase), the number of times mean that light beam is copied by birefringence, being separated is more, and its each spectral band exported just exists the skew of crest.
And the core devices in beam splitter---the prism angle of Wollaston prism, the difference of Material selec-tion all can cause the birefraction of prism self, dispersion, aberration etc. to convert.Repeatedly light splitting under the conbined usage of multiple Wollaston prism, can cause obvious aberration, the spectral information of impact final input collection of illustrative plates; And multichannel light splitting light beam is when a common detector face battle array imaging, the situation of respective subdivision image-region aliasing, needs selective analysis and design Wollaston prism, eliminates this kind of situation.
Selective analysis beam-splitting structure below.Beam splitter configuration as shown in Figure 6, wherein 1/2nd wave plates selected by wave plate, suppose that the thickness of 1/2nd wave plates (phase delay device) is d, the polarization axle of polaroid and the fast axle of wave plate angle at 45 °, then incident ray polarized light enters phase-delay difference δ (λ) after wave plate, is written as formula (1):
Wherein B (λ) represents the birefraction under wavelength X, wave number here
represent the transmitting procedure of incident polarized light by Jones representation, represent polarizer Jones matrix with P, represent wave plate Jones matrix with R, E represents light-wave electric magnetic vector, then
W(λ)E(λ)＝PR(λ)PE(λ)(2)
Only have the light of fast axle in E matrix, and ignore absorption light.Therefore, the transition function Γ (κ) of the beam separation system of this polarizer and wave plate composition can be expressed as
Γ(κ)＝E
TW
TWE＝cos
2(κl)(6)
Wherein l=π Bd, if system has a M group beam splitter quantity, then the beam-splitting structure transition function Γ (κ) of many group beam splitters
Wollaston prism has had partially and splitting properties, utilizes it can obtain two bundle direction of vibration linearly polarized light that is orthogonal, that separate by certain angle.Replace with it the polaroid having had effect partially in the embodiment of the present invention, form beam splitter with wave plate, in beam-splitting structure as shown in Figure 2, it comprises 4 Wollaston prisms, jointly constitute four beam splitters with the wave plate of interspersed setting.Do is set
θand de
θbe o, e light transmission range in Wollaston prism respectively, its transition function should be
Γ(κ)＝cos
2(κBπdo
θ-κBπde
θ)(8)
Therefore, present system imaging transition function should be
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (4)
1. fast illuminated multispectral section of optical spectrum imagers, is characterized in that, comprising: set gradually and the object lens be parallel to each other, collimating mirror, beam-splitting structure, imaging lens, filter plate array and detector; Wherein: described beam-splitting structure is the beam-splitting structure based on Wollaston prism.
2. fast illuminated according to claim 1 multispectral section of optical spectrum imagers, it is characterized in that, described beam-splitting structure comprises:
The polarizer be arranged in parallel, four wave plates and four Wollaston prisms; Wherein, four wave plates and four interspersed settings of Wollaston prisms.
3. a fast illuminated multispectral image subdivision spectrum imaging method, it is characterized in that, realize based on the multispectral section of optical spectrum imagers of the fast illuminated described in any one of claim 1-2, light beam is by objective lens entrance, and parallel incident beam-splitting structure after collimating mirror, in beam-splitting structure, light beam is split as N bundle, inject imaging lens imaging afterwards, then Filter Array carries out filtering and compensating light path difference after filtration, finally obtain on the detector be the pure and imaging of N number of wave band accurately as.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described beam-splitting structure comprises the polarizer be arranged in parallel, four wave plates and four Wollaston prisms, wherein intert arrange four wave plates and four Wollaston prisms form four beam splitters, after light beam injects beam-splitting structure, be 2 by beam splitting
4=16 bundle light.
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| CN109642989A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2019-04-16 | 三星电子株式会社 | Optical module and the Optical devices for using the optical module |
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| CN107144348A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | A kind of polarization differential multispectral imaging device and method for real-time detection |
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| CN107228711B (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-09-04 | 西安交通大学 | Compact miniature fast illuminated channel modulation full-polarization spectrum imaging detection device and method |
| CN109357762A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2019-02-19 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of fast illuminated Regional High Resolution optical spectrum imagers |
| CN109669270B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-10-29 | 贝耐特光学科技（昆山）有限公司 | Spectrum selection device and optical equipment |
| CN109669270A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-23 | 贝耐特光学科技（昆山）有限公司 | A kind of optical electivity device and optical device |
| CN109839190A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-06-04 | 皑高森德医疗技术（北京）有限责任公司 | A kind of fast illuminated Hyperspectral imaging devices |
| CN109839190B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2021-07-09 | 皑高森德医疗技术（北京）有限责任公司 | Snapshot type hyperspectral imaging device |
| CN110907360A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-03-24 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Polarization detection system based on wolflaston prism |
| CN112532832A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-19 | Oppo（重庆）智能科技有限公司 | Imaging device and electronic equipment |
| CN112532832B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-04-12 | Oppo（重庆）智能科技有限公司 | Imaging device and electronic equipment |
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