CN110712075A - Negative chamfering machining clamp for cutter and using method of negative chamfering machining clamp - Google Patents

Negative chamfering machining clamp for cutter and using method of negative chamfering machining clamp Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110712075A
CN110712075A CN201911085271.0A CN201911085271A CN110712075A CN 110712075 A CN110712075 A CN 110712075A CN 201911085271 A CN201911085271 A CN 201911085271A CN 110712075 A CN110712075 A CN 110712075A
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rotating shaft
clamping
tool
sliding block
base
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李嫚
房祥辉
陈乾
董海
张弘弢
宁刚志
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B3/00Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/06Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种刀具负倒棱加工夹具及其使用方法,属于机械加工领域。该装置包括位置调节机构、转轴机构和角度调节机构三个部分。负倒棱的加工目前主要依靠国外进口的专用可转位刀具数控精密磨床和专用负倒棱夹具辅助的普通磨床磨削。借助国外专用可转位刀具数控精密磨床磨削的负倒棱精度高质量稳定,但设备投资大;而国内利用专用负倒棱夹具的普通磨床磨削,设备投资少,但磨削的负倒棱精度低质量不稳定,且操作不方便。本发明扩大普通磨床的加工范围,使得在普通磨床上能够加工出精度较高质量稳定的负倒棱;同时结构简单,操作方便,提高刀具加工生产效率,降低生产成本。

Figure 201911085271

The invention provides a tool negative chamfering processing fixture and a using method thereof, belonging to the field of mechanical processing. The device includes three parts: a position adjusting mechanism, a rotating shaft mechanism and an angle adjusting mechanism. At present, the processing of negative chamfering mainly relies on the special indexable tool CNC precision grinder imported from abroad and the ordinary grinder assisted by the special negative chamfering fixture. With the help of foreign special indexable tool CNC precision grinder, the precision of negative chamfering is high quality and stable, but the equipment investment is large; while the ordinary grinder grinding using special negative chamfering fixture in China has less equipment investment, but the negative chamfering of grinding. The edge precision is low, the quality is unstable, and the operation is inconvenient. The invention expands the processing range of the common grinding machine, so that the common grinding machine can process the negative chamfer with high precision and stable quality; meanwhile, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the tool processing production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Figure 201911085271

Description

一种刀具负倒棱加工夹具及其使用方法A tool for negative chamfering machining fixture and using method thereof

技术领域technical field

本发明属于机械加工领域,具体涉及一种刀具负倒棱加工夹具及其使用方法。The invention belongs to the field of mechanical processing, and particularly relates to a tool negative chamfering processing fixture and a method for using the same.

背景技术Background technique

刀具的负倒棱是在刀具刃口处磨削出的宽度约为0.1~0.2mm的负前角平面,以此增大刀具楔角提高刀具强度,同时改变散热条件,可在强化刀刃又使切削力增加不多的基础上提高刀具的耐用度。在许多硬质合金刀具、陶瓷刀具、PCBN刀具及各种机夹刀片上均采用磨削负倒棱的方式增加刀刃强度。The negative chamfering of the tool is a negative rake angle plane with a width of about 0.1-0.2mm that is ground at the cutting edge of the tool, so as to increase the wedge angle of the tool to improve the strength of the tool, and at the same time change the heat dissipation conditions, which can strengthen the cutting edge. On the basis of not increasing the cutting force, the durability of the tool is improved. On many carbide tools, ceramic tools, PCBN tools and various machine-clamped blades, the method of grinding negative chamfers is used to increase the strength of the cutting edge.

负倒棱的加工目前主要依靠国外进口的专用可转位刀具数控精密磨床和专用负倒棱夹具辅助的普通磨床磨削。由于国外对于精密磨削先进技术存在技术堡垒,一些国外精密数控磨床我们很难一窥究竟;而国内刀具加工工厂自主设计的负倒棱夹具相对简陋所磨削的负倒棱质量较差,操作起来不方便,故为有效方便的加工各种刀具的负倒棱,而又不需借助国外昂贵的刀具精密磨床,我们旨在设计一种刀具负倒棱磨削夹具,扩大普通磨床的加工范围,使我们能够在普通磨床上磨削出质量较高的负倒棱刀具。At present, the processing of negative chamfering mainly relies on the special indexable tool CNC precision grinder imported from abroad and the ordinary grinder assisted by the special negative chamfering fixture. Due to the existence of technological fortresses in advanced precision grinding technology abroad, it is difficult for us to get a glimpse of some foreign precision CNC grinding machines; while the negative chamfering fixtures independently designed by domestic tool processing factories are relatively poor in quality and poor in operation. It is inconvenient to get up, so in order to effectively and conveniently process the negative chamfers of various tools without resorting to foreign expensive tool precision grinders, we aim to design a tool negative chamfer grinding fixture to expand the processing range of ordinary grinders , so that we can grind high-quality negative chamfering tools on ordinary grinding machines.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的就在于解决上述问题,提供一种新型刀具负倒棱加工夹具。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and to provide a new tool negative chamfering jig.

本发明采用的技术方案如下:The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

一种刀具负倒棱加工夹具,包括位置调节机构、转轴机构和角度调节机构。A tool negative chamfering processing fixture comprises a position adjusting mechanism, a rotating shaft mechanism and an angle adjusting mechanism.

所述的位置调节机构包括刀架1、上滑块2、第一丝杠螺栓3、中间滑块4、转轴5、刀具夹块6、刀具7和第二丝杠螺栓8。The position adjustment mechanism includes a tool rest 1 , an upper slider 2 , a first lead screw bolt 3 , an intermediate slider 4 , a rotating shaft 5 , a tool clamping block 6 , a tool 7 and a second lead screw bolt 8 .

所述刀架1前侧面设有用于刀具定位的八字形定位挡板和用于刀架固定螺栓安装的柱形沉头孔;刀架1底部设有一个用于安装刀具夹块6的T形槽,T形槽前端与刀架前侧面相通,T形槽槽向与八字形定位挡板开口方向相对,T形槽顶部设有用于刀具夹块6固定的螺栓孔;刀架1后侧面设有用于刀架安装定位的定位块。所述刀架1需根据所加工的不同刀具型号更换不同的刀架以此满足不同刀具负倒棱磨削的需求。The front side of the tool holder 1 is provided with a figure-eight positioning baffle plate for tool positioning and a cylindrical countersunk hole for the installation of the tool holder fixing bolts; the bottom of the tool holder 1 is provided with a T-shaped for installing the tool holder block 6 . The front end of the T-shaped groove communicates with the front side of the tool holder, the T-shaped groove is opposite to the opening direction of the figure-eight positioning baffle, and the top of the T-shaped groove is provided with a bolt hole for fixing the tool holder 6; the rear side of the tool holder 1 is provided with There is a positioning block for the positioning of the tool holder. The tool holder 1 needs to be replaced with different tool holders according to different tool types to be processed, so as to meet the needs of negative chamfer grinding of different tools.

所述上滑块2为不规则结构,其前侧面设有用于刀架1定位的定位槽和用于刀架1固定的螺栓孔;后部设有一个矩形槽,矩形槽中间设有螺母结构,该螺母结构与第二丝杠螺栓8配合运动可使上滑块2带动刀架1沿Y方向运动;矩形槽侧面设有螺栓孔,安装夹紧螺栓,用于固定上滑块2。The upper slider 2 is an irregular structure, and its front side is provided with a positioning groove for positioning the tool holder 1 and a bolt hole for fixing the tool holder 1; , the nut structure and the second screw bolt 8 can cooperate to move the upper slider 2 to drive the tool holder 1 to move in the Y direction;

所述第一丝杠螺栓3为一内六角螺栓,在其靠近螺栓头位置设一环形半圆槽,用于将第一丝杠螺栓3通过销柱安装于转轴5前端的T形滑块上。The first lead screw bolt 3 is a hexagon socket bolt, and an annular semicircular groove is set near the bolt head for installing the first lead screw bolt 3 on the T-shaped slider at the front end of the rotating shaft 5 through the pin.

所述中间滑块4为不规则结构,其前端设有矩形滑块,矩形滑块可沿上滑块2后侧面的矩形槽滑动,矩形滑块内设有一凹槽,用于安装上滑块2的螺母结构,矩形滑块前侧面设有销孔通过销柱固定安装第二丝杠螺栓8。中间滑块4后端中部设有一矩形槽,前端的矩形滑块与后端的矩形槽空间位置垂直,矩形槽中间同样设有一个螺母结构,该螺母结构与第一丝杠螺栓3的配合运动可使中间滑块4带动上滑块2与刀架1沿X方向运动;矩形槽侧面设有一螺栓孔,用来安装一夹紧螺栓固定转轴5前端T形滑块在矩形槽的位置。The middle slider 4 is an irregular structure, and its front end is provided with a rectangular slider. The rectangular slider can slide along the rectangular groove on the rear side of the upper slider 2. The rectangular slider is provided with a groove for installing the upper slider. The nut structure of 2, the front side of the rectangular slider is provided with a pin hole, and the second lead screw bolt 8 is fixedly installed through the pin column. There is a rectangular slot in the middle of the rear end of the middle slider 4, the rectangular slider at the front end is perpendicular to the rectangular slot at the rear end, and a nut structure is also arranged in the middle of the rectangular slot, and the nut structure and the first screw bolt 3 can cooperate with each other. The middle slider 4 drives the upper slider 2 and the tool holder 1 to move in the X direction; the side of the rectangular groove is provided with a bolt hole for installing a clamping bolt to fix the position of the T-shaped slider at the front end of the rotating shaft 5 in the rectangular groove.

所述刀具夹块6为一T形块,刀具夹块6能够沿刀架1侧面的T形槽滑动,T形块前端设有一凹槽,可以实现四边形刀具的装夹;凹槽两侧棱边设有相应的倒角方便刀具装夹。The tool clamping block 6 is a T-shaped block. The tool clamping block 6 can slide along the T-shaped groove on the side of the tool holder 1. The front end of the T-shaped block is provided with a groove, which can realize the clamping of a quadrilateral tool; The edges are provided with corresponding chamfers to facilitate tool clamping.

所述刀具7通过刀架1前端面的八字形定位挡板进行定位,并通过刀具夹块6和一内六角螺栓固定在刀架1上。The tool 7 is positioned by the figure-eight positioning baffle on the front end surface of the tool holder 1, and is fixed on the tool holder 1 by a tool holder 6 and an inner hexagon bolt.

所述的第二丝杠螺栓8为一内六角螺栓,在其靠近螺栓头位置设一环形半圆槽,用于将第二丝杠螺栓8通过销柱安装于中间滑块4前端面的矩形滑块上。The second lead screw bolt 8 is a hexagon socket head bolt, and an annular semicircular groove is set near the bolt head for mounting the second lead screw bolt 8 on the rectangular slide on the front end surface of the intermediate slider 4 through the pin. on the block.

所述的转轴机构包括转轴5、转轴基座9和摇把10。The rotating shaft mechanism includes a rotating shaft 5 , a rotating shaft base 9 and a crank handle 10 .

所述转轴5前端设有一T形滑块,T形滑块可沿中间滑块4后端的矩形槽滑动;T形滑块中间设有一个凹槽,用于与中间滑块4的螺母结构配合,T形滑块前侧面设有销孔用于安装第一丝杠螺栓3。所述转轴5中部放置在转轴基座9上部水平方向的阶梯通孔内,放置后,转轴5水平方向通过螺母顶紧。所述转轴5后端设有一螺纹通孔用于安装摇把10。The front end of the rotating shaft 5 is provided with a T-shaped sliding block, and the T-shaped sliding block can slide along the rectangular groove at the rear end of the intermediate sliding block 4; , The front side of the T-shaped slider is provided with a pin hole for installing the first screw bolt 3 . The middle part of the rotating shaft 5 is placed in the stepped through hole in the horizontal direction at the upper part of the rotating shaft base 9 , and after being placed, the rotating shaft 5 is pushed tightly by the nut in the horizontal direction. The rear end of the rotating shaft 5 is provided with a threaded through hole for installing the crank handle 10 .

所述转轴基座9为一阶梯矩形块结构,其上部垂直于前侧面方向设有一阶梯通孔,阶梯孔前后两侧直径较大用于安装深沟球轴承,保证转轴5在工作情况下的平稳运转。转轴基座9顶部设有螺纹孔,安装一内六角螺栓用于固定转轴5防止其在调节位置调节机构时转动。转轴基座9底部阶梯台左右侧面设有通孔用于安装夹紧轴13,固定转轴基座9的位置,底部阶梯台后侧面设有两螺纹孔用于安装角度指针14。The rotating shaft base 9 is a stepped rectangular block structure, the upper part of which is perpendicular to the direction of the front side face is provided with a stepped through hole. Smooth operation. The top of the rotating shaft base 9 is provided with a threaded hole, and a hexagon socket head bolt is installed to fix the rotating shaft 5 to prevent it from rotating when adjusting the position adjusting mechanism. There are through holes on the left and right sides of the stepped platform at the bottom of the rotating shaft base 9 for installing the clamping shaft 13 to fix the position of the rotating shaft base 9 .

所述摇把10为设有一阶梯台的锥形圆柱体,端部直径尺寸较小位置处设有螺纹,用于与转轴5相连带动转轴5转动。所述摇把10用于增大转轴5的旋转半径,方便操作员旋转转轴5。The crank handle 10 is a conical cylindrical body with a stepped platform, and a thread is provided at the position where the diameter of the end portion is small, which is used for connecting with the rotating shaft 5 to drive the rotating shaft 5 to rotate. The crank handle 10 is used to increase the rotation radius of the rotating shaft 5 to facilitate the operator to rotate the rotating shaft 5 .

所述转轴5中部贯穿转轴基座9的阶梯通孔,转轴5前端T形滑块后端面通过平垫圈与转轴基座9阶梯孔前侧配合的深沟球轴承接触,平垫圈外径尺寸略小于深沟球轴承外圈的内径尺寸,保证平垫圈与深沟球轴承的内圈相贴合,使得转轴5能随深沟球轴承内圈旋转而旋转。转轴基座9阶梯孔后侧配合的深沟球轴承与一推力球轴承贴合,与同转轴5中部螺纹配合的紧固螺栓共同保证转轴5的固定。The middle part of the rotating shaft 5 penetrates the stepped through hole of the rotating shaft base 9, and the rear end surface of the T-shaped slider at the front end of the rotating shaft 5 is in contact with the deep groove ball bearing matched with the front side of the stepped hole of the rotating shaft base 9 through a flat washer. The outer diameter of the flat washer is slightly larger. It is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing to ensure that the flat washer fits the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing, so that the shaft 5 can rotate with the rotation of the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing. The deep groove ball bearing matched with the rear side of the stepped hole of the rotating shaft base 9 is fitted with a thrust ball bearing, and the fastening bolts threaded with the middle of the rotating shaft 5 jointly ensure the fixing of the rotating shaft 5 .

所述的角度调节机构包括夹紧销11、尼龙套12、夹紧轴13、角度指针14和基座15。The angle adjustment mechanism includes a clamping pin 11 , a nylon sleeve 12 , a clamping shaft 13 , an angle pointer 14 and a base 15 .

所述夹紧轴13为设有两阶梯台的圆柱轴。在其一端直径最小部分设有螺纹,穿过转轴基座9底部阶梯台,将夹紧轴13固定在基座15上;另一端直径最大部分设有一销柱孔,用于安装夹紧销11方便操作员旋转夹紧轴13;中间光轴部分用于与转轴基座9相配合固定转轴基座9的位置。The clamping shaft 13 is a cylindrical shaft with two stepped platforms. The part with the smallest diameter at one end is provided with a thread, which passes through the step platform at the bottom of the rotating shaft base 9 to fix the clamping shaft 13 on the base 15; the part with the largest diameter at the other end is provided with a pin hole for installing the clamping pin 11 It is convenient for the operator to rotate the clamping shaft 13 ; the middle optical shaft part is used to cooperate with the rotating shaft base 9 to fix the position of the rotating shaft base 9 .

所述夹紧销11一端为半球头,半球头直径大于夹紧轴13的销柱孔内径,另一端为椭圆柱,中部为圆柱结构。夹紧销11中部穿过夹紧轴13的销柱孔,半球头与椭圆柱尾部使其能够上下窜动而不脱离夹紧轴13。夹紧销11可使其在本身尺寸较小的情况下方便操作员旋转夹紧轴13。One end of the clamping pin 11 is a hemispherical head, the diameter of the hemispherical head is larger than the inner diameter of the pin hole of the clamping shaft 13 , the other end is an elliptical cylinder, and the middle part is a cylindrical structure. The middle of the clamping pin 11 passes through the pin hole of the clamping shaft 13 , and the hemispherical head and the tail of the elliptical column enable it to move up and down without breaking away from the clamping shaft 13 . The clamping pin 11 can make it convenient for the operator to rotate the clamping shaft 13 under the condition of its own small size.

所述尼龙套12为尼龙材料圆环,安装在夹紧轴13与转轴基座9之间确保夹紧时不损伤两零件表面。The nylon sleeve 12 is a nylon material ring, which is installed between the clamping shaft 13 and the rotating shaft base 9 to ensure that the surfaces of the two parts are not damaged during clamping.

所述角度指针14为一L形角铁。其一侧成三角状,通过三角形顶角与基座15左侧面的不同角度刻度线相重合来保证转轴基座9旋转确定的角度;另一侧设有两螺纹孔,用于将角度指针安装于转轴基座9。The angle pointer 14 is an L-shaped angle iron. One side is triangular, and the angle determined by the rotation of the shaft base 9 is ensured by the coincidence of the triangular apex angle with the different angle scale lines on the left side of the base 15; the other side is provided with two threaded holes for the angle pointer. Installed on the shaft base 9 .

所述基座15左侧面设有一沉头螺栓孔用于安装夹紧轴13,固定转轴基座9的位置;左侧面上还设有角度刻度,用于与角度指针14三角顶尖相重合确定转轴基座9所旋转的角度;右侧面设有一楔形槽,后侧面设有一销柱孔,用于安装一销柱将普通磨床刀架卡入楔形槽中,固定基座15于普通磨床刀架上。The left side of the base 15 is provided with a countersunk bolt hole for installing the clamping shaft 13 and fixing the position of the rotating shaft base 9; the left side is also provided with an angle scale, which is used to coincide with the triangular top of the angle pointer 14 Determine the rotation angle of the shaft base 9; the right side is provided with a wedge-shaped groove, and the rear side is provided with a pin hole, which is used to install a pin to clamp the ordinary grinder tool holder into the wedge-shaped groove, and fix the base 15 to the ordinary grinder. on the knife holder.

所述位置调节机构需在加工一批同规格刀具前借助体视显微镜进行调节,保证刀具的刀尖圆弧与转轴5的轴心重合。The position adjustment mechanism needs to be adjusted by means of a stereo microscope before processing a batch of tools of the same specification to ensure that the arc of the tool tip coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft 5 .

一种刀具负倒棱加工夹具的使用方法,步骤如下:A method for using a tool negative chamfering fixture, the steps are as follows:

第一步,首先,刀具负倒棱加工夹具组装完成后,将基座15固定于体视显微镜工作台上后,手握夹紧销11旋转夹紧轴13,使其转轴基座9能够绕夹紧轴13转动。其次,转动转轴基座9使转轴5竖直,然后再次手握夹紧销11旋转夹紧轴13,固定转轴基座9的位置。最后,松开刀具夹块6后的夹紧螺栓,将刀具7放置在刀架1的八字形定位挡板上,然后旋转刀具夹紧螺栓带动刀具夹块6夹紧刀具。The first step, first, after the tool negative chamfering processing fixture is assembled, after fixing the base 15 on the stereo microscope worktable, hold the clamping pin 11 to rotate the clamping shaft 13, so that the rotating shaft base 9 can be rotated around. The clamping shaft 13 is rotated. Next, rotate the rotating shaft base 9 to make the rotating shaft 5 vertical, and then hold the clamping pin 11 again to rotate the clamping shaft 13 to fix the position of the rotating shaft base 9 . Finally, loosen the clamping bolts behind the tool clamping block 6, place the tool 7 on the figure-eight positioning baffle of the tool holder 1, and then rotate the tool clamping bolts to drive the tool clamping block 6 to clamp the tool.

第二步,松开中间滑块4侧面的滑块夹紧螺栓,通过调节第一丝杠螺栓3对刀具7X方向相对于转轴的位置进行调节;松开上滑块2侧面的滑块夹紧螺栓,通过调节第二丝杠螺栓8对刀具7Y方向相对于转轴的位置进行调节。通过对刀具7X、Y方向位移量的调节来保证刀具7刀尖圆弧的圆心与转轴5轴心重合。The second step is to loosen the slider clamping bolt on the side of the middle slider 4, and adjust the position of the tool 7X relative to the rotating shaft by adjusting the first screw bolt 3; loosen the slider clamping bolt on the side of the upper slider 2 The position of the tool 7Y relative to the rotation axis can be adjusted by adjusting the second screw bolt 8. By adjusting the displacement of the tool 7 in the X and Y directions, it is ensured that the center of the arc of the tool nose of the tool 7 coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft 5 .

第三步,刀具7刀尖圆弧的圆心与转轴5轴心调节重合后,旋转中间滑块4侧面的滑块夹紧螺栓,固定刀具7相对于转轴在X方向的位置;旋转上滑块2侧面的滑块夹紧螺栓,固定刀具7相对于转轴在Y方向的位置;松开基座15在体视显微镜工作台上的固定,将刀具负倒棱加工夹具移至普通磨床工作台,固定基座15于普通磨床刀架上。In the third step, after the center of the tool nose arc of tool 7 is adjusted to coincide with the axis of rotating shaft 5, rotate the slider clamping bolt on the side of the middle slider 4 to fix the position of tool 7 relative to the rotating shaft in the X direction; rotate the upper slider 2. The slider on the side clamps the bolt to fix the position of the tool 7 relative to the rotation axis in the Y direction; loosen the fixation of the base 15 on the stereo microscope worktable, and move the tool negative chamfering fixture to the ordinary grinder worktable. The fixed base 15 is fixed on the tool holder of a common grinder.

第四步,手握夹紧销11旋转夹紧轴13,松开转轴基座9的固定,手动旋转转轴基座9,使其带动的转轴5与竖直面呈一定角度,角度的大小为所需磨削负倒棱的角度,通过保证角度指针14三角顶尖与基座15上的角度刻度重合来保证角度准确性。所磨削的负倒棱宽度通过普通磨床的微进给机构进行调节。The fourth step is to hold the clamping pin 11 to rotate the clamping shaft 13, loosen the fixing of the rotating shaft base 9, and manually rotate the rotating shaft base 9 so that the rotating shaft 5 driven by it is at a certain angle with the vertical plane, and the size of the angle is The angle of the negative chamfering required to be ground is ensured by ensuring that the triangular top of the angle pointer 14 coincides with the angle scale on the base 15 to ensure the accuracy of the angle. The negative chamfering width to be ground is adjusted by the micro-feed mechanism of the ordinary grinding machine.

第五步,进行磨削,磨削时旋转摇把10保证刀具主副切削刃与刀尖圆弧处的负倒棱磨削,在磨削完一把刀具后松开刀具夹块6后的夹紧螺栓卸下刀具后进行下一把刀具的负倒棱磨削。因为同一批次刀具规格相同所以不需要再进行重新对刀,只需要安装新的刀具后重复磨削即可。The fifth step is to carry out grinding. When grinding, rotate the crank handle 10 to ensure that the main and auxiliary cutting edges of the tool and the negative chamfering of the tool tip arc are ground. After grinding a tool, release the tool holder 6. After the clamping bolt is removed from the tool, the negative chamfering of the next tool is performed. Because the same batch of tools have the same specifications, there is no need to re-calibrate the tool. It is only necessary to install a new tool and then repeat the grinding.

本发明的有益效果:设计发明的一种负倒棱磨削夹具,能够实现刀具主副切削刃以及刀尖圆弧处一定角度宽度负倒棱的均匀磨削。一方面使用方便,同种规格的刀具在进行一次位置调节后可以进行成批量的加工;另一方面刀具靠刀具夹块进行定位,装夹方便,批量生产加工效率高。本发明结构简单、制造和使用方便,磨削刀具负倒棱质量较高。Beneficial effects of the invention: a negative chamfering grinding fixture is designed and invented, which can realize uniform grinding of the main and auxiliary cutting edges of the tool and the negative chamfering with a certain angle and width at the arc of the tool tip. On the one hand, it is convenient to use, and tools of the same specification can be processed in batches after one position adjustment; The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacture and use, and high negative chamfering quality of the grinding tool.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明实施例中立体结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

图2为本发明实施例中位置调节机构结构下侧面轴测示意图;Fig. 2 is the axonometric schematic diagram of the lower side of the structure of the position adjustment mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明实施例中位置调节机构结构上侧面轴测示意图;FIG. 3 is a schematic axonometric view of the upper side of the structure of the position adjustment mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

图4是本发明实施例中转轴结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating shaft in an embodiment of the present invention.

图5为本发明实施例中角度调节机构示意图;5 is a schematic diagram of an angle adjustment mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

图6为本发明实施例中角度调节机构右侧面示意图;6 is a schematic diagram of the right side of the angle adjustment mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention;

图7为本发明实施例中上滑块2结构示意图;FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper slider 2 in the embodiment of the present invention;

图8为本发明实施例中中间滑块4结构示意图;FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the middle slider 4 in the embodiment of the present invention;

图9为本发明实施例中第二丝杠螺栓8结构示意图;FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the second lead screw bolt 8 in the embodiment of the present invention;

图10为本发明实施例中转轴5结构示意图;10 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating shaft 5 in the embodiment of the present invention;

图中:刀架1、上滑块2、第一丝杠螺栓3、中间滑块4、转轴5、刀具夹块6、刀具7、第二丝杠螺栓8、转轴基座9、摇把10、夹紧销11、尼龙套12、夹紧轴13、角度指针14、基座15。In the figure: tool holder 1, upper slider 2, first screw bolt 3, middle slider 4, rotating shaft 5, tool holder 6, tool 7, second screw bolt 8, rotating shaft base 9, crank handle 10 , Clamping pin 11, nylon sleeve 12, clamping shaft 13, angle pointer 14, base 15.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合具体实施例和附图对本发明的技术方案进行进一步的说明。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

一种刀具负倒棱加工夹具,包括位置调节机构、转轴机构和角度调节机构。A tool negative chamfering processing fixture comprises a position adjusting mechanism, a rotating shaft mechanism and an angle adjusting mechanism.

所述的位置调节机构包括刀架1、上滑块2、第一丝杠螺栓3、中间滑块4、转轴5、刀具夹块6、刀具7和第二丝杠螺栓8。The position adjustment mechanism includes a tool rest 1 , an upper slider 2 , a first lead screw bolt 3 , an intermediate slider 4 , a rotating shaft 5 , a tool clamping block 6 , a tool 7 and a second lead screw bolt 8 .

所述刀架1前侧面设有用于刀具定位的八字形定位挡板和用于刀架固定螺栓安装的柱形沉头孔;刀架1底部设有一个用于安装刀具夹块6的T形槽,T形槽前端与刀架前侧面相通,T形槽槽向与八字形定位挡板开口方向相对,T形槽顶部设有用于刀具夹块6固定的螺栓孔;刀架1后侧面设有用于刀架安装定位的定位块。所述刀架1需根据所加工的不同刀具型号更换不同的刀架以此满足不同刀具负倒棱磨削的需求。The front side of the tool holder 1 is provided with a figure-eight positioning baffle plate for tool positioning and a cylindrical countersunk hole for the installation of the tool holder fixing bolts; the bottom of the tool holder 1 is provided with a T-shaped for installing the tool holder block 6 . The front end of the T-shaped groove communicates with the front side of the tool holder, the T-shaped groove is opposite to the opening direction of the figure-eight positioning baffle, and the top of the T-shaped groove is provided with a bolt hole for fixing the tool holder 6; the rear side of the tool holder 1 is provided with There is a positioning block for the positioning of the tool holder. The tool holder 1 needs to be replaced with different tool holders according to different tool types to be processed, so as to meet the needs of negative chamfer grinding of different tools.

所述上滑块2为不规则结构,其前侧面设有用于刀架1定位的定位槽和用于刀架1固定的螺栓孔;后部设有一个矩形槽,矩形槽中间设有螺母结构,该螺母结构与第二丝杠螺栓8配合运动可使上滑块2带动刀架1沿Y方向运动;矩形槽侧面设有螺栓孔,安装夹紧螺栓,用于固定上滑块2。The upper slider 2 is an irregular structure, and its front side is provided with a positioning groove for positioning the tool holder 1 and a bolt hole for fixing the tool holder 1; , the nut structure and the second screw bolt 8 can cooperate to move the upper slider 2 to drive the tool holder 1 to move in the Y direction;

所述第一丝杠螺栓3为一内六角螺栓,在其靠近螺栓头位置设一环形半圆槽,用于将第一丝杠螺栓3通过销柱安装于转轴5前端的T形滑块上。The first lead screw bolt 3 is a hexagon socket bolt, and an annular semicircular groove is set near the bolt head for installing the first lead screw bolt 3 on the T-shaped slider at the front end of the rotating shaft 5 through the pin.

所述中间滑块4为不规则结构,其前端设有矩形滑块,矩形滑块可沿上滑块2后侧面的矩形槽滑动,矩形滑块内设有一凹槽,用于安装上滑块2的螺母结构,矩形滑块前侧面设有销孔通过销柱固定安装第二丝杠螺栓8。中间滑块4后端中部设有一矩形槽,前端的矩形滑块与后端的矩形槽空间位置垂直,矩形槽中间同样设有一个螺母结构,该螺母结构与第一丝杠螺栓3的配合运动可使中间滑块4带动上滑块2与刀架1沿X方向运动;矩形槽侧面设有一螺栓孔,用来安装一夹紧螺栓固定转轴5前端T形滑块在矩形槽的位置。The middle slider 4 is an irregular structure, and its front end is provided with a rectangular slider. The rectangular slider can slide along the rectangular groove on the rear side of the upper slider 2. The rectangular slider is provided with a groove for installing the upper slider. The nut structure of 2, the front side of the rectangular slider is provided with a pin hole, and the second lead screw bolt 8 is fixedly installed through the pin column. There is a rectangular slot in the middle of the rear end of the middle slider 4, the rectangular slider at the front end is perpendicular to the rectangular slot at the rear end, and a nut structure is also arranged in the middle of the rectangular slot, and the nut structure and the first screw bolt 3 can cooperate with each other. The middle slider 4 drives the upper slider 2 and the tool holder 1 to move in the X direction; the side of the rectangular groove is provided with a bolt hole for installing a clamping bolt to fix the position of the T-shaped slider at the front end of the rotating shaft 5 in the rectangular groove.

所述刀具夹块6为一T形块,刀具夹块6能够沿刀架1侧面的T形槽滑动,T形块前端设有一凹槽,可以实现四边形刀具的装夹;凹槽两侧棱边设有相应的倒角方便刀具装夹。The tool clamping block 6 is a T-shaped block. The tool clamping block 6 can slide along the T-shaped groove on the side of the tool holder 1. The front end of the T-shaped block is provided with a groove, which can realize the clamping of a quadrilateral tool; The edges are provided with corresponding chamfers to facilitate tool clamping.

所述刀具7通过刀架1前端面的八字形定位挡板进行定位,并通过刀具夹块6和一内六角螺栓固定在刀架1上。The tool 7 is positioned by the figure-eight positioning baffle on the front end surface of the tool holder 1, and is fixed on the tool holder 1 by a tool holder 6 and an inner hexagon bolt.

所述的第二丝杠螺栓8为一内六角螺栓,在其靠近螺栓头位置设一环形半圆槽,用于将第二丝杠螺栓8通过销柱安装于中间滑块4前端面的矩形滑块上。The second lead screw bolt 8 is a hexagon socket head bolt, and an annular semicircular groove is set near the bolt head for mounting the second lead screw bolt 8 on the rectangular slide on the front end surface of the intermediate slider 4 through the pin. on the block.

所述的转轴机构包括转轴5、转轴基座9和摇把10。The rotating shaft mechanism includes a rotating shaft 5 , a rotating shaft base 9 and a crank handle 10 .

所述转轴5前端设有一T形滑块,T形滑块可沿中间滑块4后端的矩形槽滑动;T形滑块中间设有一个凹槽,用于与中间滑块4的螺母结构配合,T形滑块前侧面设有销孔用于安装第一丝杠螺栓3。所述转轴5中部放置在转轴基座9上部水平方向的阶梯通孔内,放置后,转轴5水平方向通过螺母顶紧。所述转轴5后端设有一螺纹通孔用于安装摇把10。The front end of the rotating shaft 5 is provided with a T-shaped sliding block, and the T-shaped sliding block can slide along the rectangular groove at the rear end of the intermediate sliding block 4; , The front side of the T-shaped slider is provided with a pin hole for installing the first screw bolt 3 . The middle part of the rotating shaft 5 is placed in the stepped through hole in the horizontal direction at the upper part of the rotating shaft base 9 , and after being placed, the rotating shaft 5 is pushed tightly by the nut in the horizontal direction. The rear end of the rotating shaft 5 is provided with a threaded through hole for installing the crank handle 10 .

所述转轴基座9为一阶梯矩形块结构,其上部垂直于前侧面方向设有一阶梯通孔,阶梯孔前后两侧直径较大用于安装深沟球轴承,保证转轴5在工作情况下的平稳运转。转轴基座9顶部设有螺纹孔,安装一内六角螺栓用于固定转轴5防止其在调节位置调节机构时转动。转轴基座9底部阶梯台左右侧面设有通孔用于安装夹紧轴13,固定转轴基座9的位置,底部阶梯台后侧面设有两螺纹孔用于安装角度指针14。The rotating shaft base 9 is a stepped rectangular block structure, the upper part of which is perpendicular to the direction of the front side face is provided with a stepped through hole. Smooth operation. The top of the rotating shaft base 9 is provided with a threaded hole, and a hexagon socket head bolt is installed to fix the rotating shaft 5 to prevent it from rotating when adjusting the position adjusting mechanism. There are through holes on the left and right sides of the stepped platform at the bottom of the rotating shaft base 9 for installing the clamping shaft 13 to fix the position of the rotating shaft base 9 .

所述摇把10为设有一阶梯台的锥形圆柱体,端部直径尺寸较小位置处设有螺纹,用于与转轴5相连带动转轴5转动。所述摇把10用于增大转轴5的旋转半径,方便操作员旋转转轴5。The crank handle 10 is a conical cylindrical body with a stepped platform, and a thread is provided at the position where the diameter of the end portion is small, which is used for connecting with the rotating shaft 5 to drive the rotating shaft 5 to rotate. The crank handle 10 is used to increase the rotation radius of the rotating shaft 5 to facilitate the operator to rotate the rotating shaft 5 .

所述转轴5后部的阶梯轴贯穿转轴基座9的阶梯通孔,转轴5前端T形滑块后端面通过平垫圈与转轴基座9阶梯孔前侧配合的深沟球轴承接触,平垫圈外径尺寸略小于深沟球轴承外圈的内径尺寸,保证平垫圈与深沟球轴承的内圈相贴合,使得转轴5能随深沟球轴承内圈旋转而旋转。转轴基座9阶梯孔后侧配合的深沟球轴承与一推力球轴承贴合,与同转轴5中部螺纹配合的紧固螺栓共同保证转轴5的固定。The stepped shaft at the rear of the rotating shaft 5 penetrates the stepped through hole of the rotating shaft base 9, and the rear end surface of the T-shaped slider at the front end of the rotating shaft 5 contacts the deep groove ball bearing matched with the front side of the stepped hole of the rotating shaft base 9 through a flat washer. The outer diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing to ensure that the flat washer fits the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing, so that the shaft 5 can rotate with the rotation of the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing. The deep groove ball bearing matched with the rear side of the stepped hole of the rotating shaft base 9 is fitted with a thrust ball bearing, and the fastening bolts threaded with the middle of the rotating shaft 5 jointly ensure the fixing of the rotating shaft 5 .

所述的角度调节机构包括夹紧销11、尼龙套12、夹紧轴13、角度指针14和基座15。The angle adjustment mechanism includes a clamping pin 11 , a nylon sleeve 12 , a clamping shaft 13 , an angle pointer 14 and a base 15 .

所述夹紧轴13为设有两阶梯台的圆柱轴。在其一端直径最小部分设有螺纹,穿过转轴基座9底部阶梯台,将夹紧轴13固定在基座15上;另一端直径最大部分设有一销柱孔,用于安装夹紧销11方便操作员旋转夹紧轴13;中间光轴部分用于与转轴基座9相配合固定转轴基座9的位置。The clamping shaft 13 is a cylindrical shaft with two stepped platforms. The part with the smallest diameter at one end is provided with a thread, which passes through the step platform at the bottom of the rotating shaft base 9 to fix the clamping shaft 13 on the base 15; the part with the largest diameter at the other end is provided with a pin hole for installing the clamping pin 11 It is convenient for the operator to rotate the clamping shaft 13 ; the middle optical shaft part is used to cooperate with the rotating shaft base 9 to fix the position of the rotating shaft base 9 .

所述夹紧销11一端为半球头,半球头直径大于夹紧轴13的销柱孔内径,另一端为椭圆柱,中部为圆柱结构。夹紧销11中部穿过夹紧轴13的销柱孔,半球头与椭圆柱尾部使其能够上下窜动而不脱离夹紧轴13。夹紧销11可使其在本身尺寸较小的情况下方便操作员旋转夹紧轴13。One end of the clamping pin 11 is a hemispherical head, the diameter of the hemispherical head is larger than the inner diameter of the pin hole of the clamping shaft 13 , the other end is an elliptical cylinder, and the middle part is a cylindrical structure. The middle of the clamping pin 11 passes through the pin hole of the clamping shaft 13 , and the hemispherical head and the tail of the elliptical column enable it to move up and down without breaking away from the clamping shaft 13 . The clamping pin 11 can make it convenient for the operator to rotate the clamping shaft 13 under the condition of its own small size.

所述尼龙套12为尼龙材料圆环,用于安装在夹紧轴13与转轴基块9之间确保夹紧时不损伤两零件表面。The nylon sleeve 12 is a nylon material ring, which is installed between the clamping shaft 13 and the rotating shaft base block 9 to ensure that the surfaces of the two parts are not damaged during clamping.

所述角度指针14为一L形角铁。其一侧成三角状,通过三角形顶角与基座15左侧面的不同角度刻度线相重合来保证转轴基座9旋转确定的角度;另一侧设有两螺纹孔,用于将角度指针安装于转轴基座9。The angle pointer 14 is an L-shaped angle iron. One side is triangular, and the angle determined by the rotation of the shaft base 9 is ensured by the coincidence of the triangular apex angle with the different angle scale lines on the left side of the base 15; the other side is provided with two threaded holes for the angle pointer. Installed on the shaft base 9 .

所述基座15左侧面设有一沉头螺栓孔用于安装夹紧轴13,固定转轴基座9的位置;左侧面上还设有角度刻度,用于与角度指针14三角顶尖相重合确定转轴基座9所旋转的角度;右侧面设有一楔形槽,后侧面设有一销柱孔,用于安装一销柱将普通磨床刀架卡入楔形槽中,固定基座15于普通磨床刀架上。The left side of the base 15 is provided with a countersunk bolt hole for installing the clamping shaft 13 and fixing the position of the rotating shaft base 9; the left side is also provided with an angle scale, which is used to coincide with the triangular top of the angle pointer 14 Determine the rotation angle of the shaft base 9; the right side is provided with a wedge-shaped groove, and the rear side is provided with a pin hole, which is used to install a pin to clamp the ordinary grinder tool holder into the wedge-shaped groove, and fix the base 15 to the ordinary grinder. on the knife holder.

所述位置调节机构需在加工一批同规格刀具前借助体视显微镜进行调节,保证刀具的刀尖圆弧与转轴5的轴心重合。The position adjustment mechanism needs to be adjusted by means of a stereo microscope before processing a batch of tools of the same specification to ensure that the arc of the tool tip coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft 5 .

一种刀具负倒棱加工夹具的使用方法,步骤如下:A method of using a tool negative chamfering fixture, the steps are as follows:

第一步,首先,刀具负倒棱加工夹具组装完成后,将基座15固定于体视显微镜工作台上后,手握夹紧销11旋转夹紧轴13,使其转轴基座9能够绕夹紧轴13转动。其次,转动转轴基座9使转轴5竖直,然后再次手握夹紧销11旋转夹紧轴13,固定转轴基座9的位置。最后,松开刀具夹块6后的夹紧螺栓,将刀具7放置在刀架1的八字形定位挡板上,然后旋转刀具夹紧螺栓带动刀具夹块6夹紧刀具。The first step, first, after the tool negative chamfering processing fixture is assembled, after fixing the base 15 on the stereo microscope worktable, hold the clamping pin 11 to rotate the clamping shaft 13, so that the rotating shaft base 9 can be rotated around. The clamping shaft 13 is rotated. Next, rotate the rotating shaft base 9 to make the rotating shaft 5 vertical, and then hold the clamping pin 11 again to rotate the clamping shaft 13 to fix the position of the rotating shaft base 9 . Finally, loosen the clamping bolts behind the tool clamping block 6, place the tool 7 on the figure-eight positioning baffle of the tool holder 1, and then rotate the tool clamping bolts to drive the tool clamping block 6 to clamp the tool.

第二步,松开中间滑块4侧面的滑块夹紧螺栓,通过调节第一丝杠螺栓3对刀具7X方向相对于转轴的位置进行调节;松开上滑块2侧面的滑块夹紧螺栓,通过调节第二丝杠螺栓8对刀具7Y方向相对于转轴的位置进行调节。通过对刀具7X、Y方向位移量的调节来保证刀具7刀尖圆弧的圆心与转轴5轴心重合。The second step is to loosen the slider clamping bolt on the side of the middle slider 4, and adjust the position of the tool 7X relative to the rotating shaft by adjusting the first screw bolt 3; loosen the slider clamping bolt on the side of the upper slider 2 The position of the tool 7Y relative to the rotation axis can be adjusted by adjusting the second screw bolt 8. By adjusting the displacement of the tool 7 in the X and Y directions, it is ensured that the center of the arc of the tool nose of the tool 7 coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft 5 .

第三步,刀具7刀尖圆弧的圆心与转轴5轴心调节重合后,旋转中间滑块4侧面的滑块夹紧螺栓,固定刀具7相对于转轴在X方向的位置;旋转上滑块2侧面的滑块夹紧螺栓,固定刀具7相对于转轴在Y方向的位置;松开基座15在体视显微镜工作台上的固定,将刀具负倒棱加工夹具移至普通磨床工作台,固定基座15于普通磨床刀架上。In the third step, after the center of the tool nose arc of tool 7 is adjusted to coincide with the axis of rotating shaft 5, rotate the slider clamping bolt on the side of the middle slider 4 to fix the position of tool 7 relative to the rotating shaft in the X direction; rotate the upper slider 2. The slider on the side clamps the bolt to fix the position of the tool 7 relative to the rotation axis in the Y direction; loosen the fixation of the base 15 on the stereo microscope worktable, and move the tool negative chamfering fixture to the ordinary grinder worktable. The fixed base 15 is fixed on the tool holder of a common grinder.

第四步,手握夹紧销11旋转夹紧轴13,松开转轴基座9的固定,手动旋转转轴基座9,使其带动的转轴5与竖直面呈一定角度,角度的大小为所需磨削负倒棱的角度,通过保证角度指针14三角顶尖与基座15上的角度刻度重合来保证角度准确性。所磨削的负倒棱宽度通过普通磨床的微进给机构进行调节。The fourth step is to hold the clamping pin 11 to rotate the clamping shaft 13, loosen the fixing of the rotating shaft base 9, and manually rotate the rotating shaft base 9 so that the rotating shaft 5 driven by it is at a certain angle with the vertical plane, and the size of the angle is The angle of the negative chamfering required to be ground is ensured by ensuring that the triangular top of the angle pointer 14 coincides with the angle scale on the base 15 to ensure the accuracy of the angle. The negative chamfering width to be ground is adjusted by the micro-feed mechanism of the ordinary grinding machine.

第五步,进行磨削,磨削时旋转摇把10保证刀具主副切削刃与刀尖圆弧处的负倒棱磨削,在磨削完一把刀具后松开刀具夹块6后的夹紧螺栓卸下刀具后进行下一把刀具的负倒棱磨削。因为同一批次刀具规格相同所以不需要再进行重新对刀,只需要安装新的刀具后重复磨削即可。The fifth step is to carry out grinding. When grinding, rotate the crank handle 10 to ensure that the main and auxiliary cutting edges of the tool and the negative chamfering of the tool tip arc are ground. After grinding a tool, release the tool holder 6. After the clamping bolt is removed from the tool, the negative chamfering of the next tool is performed. Because the same batch of tools have the same specifications, there is no need to re-calibrate the tool. It is only necessary to install a new tool and then repeat the grinding.

以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The fixture for machining the negative chamfer of the cutter is characterized by comprising a position adjusting mechanism, a rotating shaft mechanism and an angle adjusting mechanism;
the position adjusting mechanism comprises a tool rest (1), an upper sliding block (2), a first lead screw bolt (3), a middle sliding block (4), a rotating shaft (5), a tool clamping block (6), a tool (7) and a second lead screw bolt (8); the position adjusting mechanism needs to be adjusted through a stereoscopic microscope before a batch of cutters with the same specification are processed, and the coincidence of the circular arc of the cutter point of the cutter and the axis of the rotating shaft (5) is ensured;
the front side surface of the tool rest (1) is provided with a splayed positioning baffle for positioning a tool (7) and a cylindrical counter bore for mounting a tool rest fixing bolt, and the tool (7) is fixed on the tool rest (1) through a tool clamping block (6) and an inner hexagon bolt after being positioned; the bottom of the tool rest (1) is provided with a T-shaped groove for installing the tool clamping block (6), the tool clamping block (6) can slide along the T-shaped groove on the side surface of the tool rest (1), the front end of the T-shaped groove is communicated with the front side surface of the tool rest, the T-shaped groove is opposite to the opening direction of the splayed positioning baffle plate, and the top of the T-shaped groove is provided with a bolt hole for fixing the tool clamping block (6); a positioning block for installing and positioning the tool rest is arranged on the rear side surface of the tool rest (1);
the front side surface of the upper sliding block (2) is provided with a positioning groove for positioning the tool rest (1) and a bolt hole for fixing the tool rest (1); the rear part of the rectangular groove is provided with a rectangular groove, the middle of the rectangular groove is provided with a nut structure, and the nut structure and a second screw bolt (8) are matched to move so that the upper sliding block (2) drives the tool rest (1) to move along the Y direction; the upper sliding block (2) is fixed through a clamping bolt arranged on the side surface of the rectangular groove;
an annular semicircular groove is formed in the position, close to the bolt head, of the first lead screw bolt (3) and used for installing the first lead screw bolt (3) on a T-shaped sliding block at the front end of the rotating shaft (5); an annular semicircular groove is formed in the position, close to the bolt head, of the second lead screw bolt (8) and used for installing the second lead screw bolt (8) on the rectangular sliding block on the front end face of the middle sliding block (4);
the front end of the middle sliding block (4) is provided with a rectangular sliding block which can slide along a rectangular groove on the rear side surface of the upper sliding block (2), a groove is formed in the rectangular sliding block and used for installing a nut structure of the upper sliding block (2), and the front side surface of the rectangular sliding block is provided with a pin hole for fixedly installing a second lead screw bolt (8); a rectangular groove is formed in the middle of the rear end of the middle sliding block (4), the rectangular sliding block at the front end is perpendicular to the rectangular groove at the rear end in spatial position, a nut structure is arranged in the middle of the rectangular groove, and the nut structure and the first lead screw bolt (3) are matched to move so that the middle sliding block (4) drives the upper sliding block (2) and the tool rest (1) to move along the X direction; the position of a T-shaped sliding block at the front end of the rotating shaft (5) in the rectangular groove is fixed through a clamping bolt arranged on the side surface of the rectangular groove;
the rotating shaft mechanism comprises a rotating shaft (5), a rotating shaft base (9) and a crank (10);
the front end of the rotating shaft (5) is provided with a T-shaped sliding block, and the T-shaped sliding block can slide along a rectangular groove at the rear end of the middle sliding block (4); a groove matched with the nut structure of the middle sliding block (4) is formed in the middle of the T-shaped sliding block, and a pin hole is formed in the front side face of the T-shaped sliding block and used for mounting a first lead screw bolt (3); a crank (10) is arranged at the rear end of the rotating shaft (5);
the rotating shaft base (9) is of a stepped rectangular block structure and comprises an upper stepped platform and a bottom stepped platform; a step through hole is formed in the upper step platform in the horizontal direction, and the middle of the rotating shaft (5) penetrates through the step through hole; the top of the rotating shaft base 9 is provided with a threaded hole, and an inner hexagon bolt is arranged for fixing the rotating shaft 5 to prevent the rotating shaft from rotating when the position adjusting mechanism is adjusted; deep groove ball bearings are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the stepped through hole to ensure the stable operation of the rotating shaft (5) under the working condition, the rear end face of a T-shaped sliding block at the front end of the rotating shaft (5) is contacted with the deep groove ball bearing matched with the front side of the stepped hole of the rotating shaft base (9) through a flat gasket, and the rotating shaft (5) rotates along with the rotation of an inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing; a deep groove ball bearing matched with the rear side of the stepped through hole of the rotating shaft base (9) is attached to a thrust ball bearing, and the fixing of the rotating shaft (5) is ensured together with a nut in the middle of the rotating shaft (5); the bottom step platform is provided with a through hole for installing a clamping shaft (13) and fixing the position of the rotating shaft base (9), and the rear side surface of the bottom step platform is provided with two threaded holes for installing angle pointers (14);
the angle adjusting mechanism comprises a clamping pin (11), a nylon sleeve (12), a clamping shaft (13), an angle pointer (14) and a base (15);
the clamping shaft (13) is of a cylindrical shaft structure provided with two steps; the end with the smallest diameter is provided with a thread and penetrates through the step table at the bottom of the rotating shaft base (9) to fix the clamping shaft (13) on the base (15); the end with the largest diameter is used for installing a clamping pin (11) of a rotary clamping shaft (13); the middle optical axis part is used for matching with the rotating shaft base (9) to fix the rotating shaft base (9);
the nylon sleeve (12) is a nylon material circular ring and is arranged between the clamping shaft (13) and the rotating shaft base (9) to ensure that the surfaces of the two parts are not damaged during clamping;
the angle pointer (14) is an L-shaped angle iron; one side of the rotating shaft base is triangular, and the determined angle of rotation of the rotating shaft base (9) is ensured by the coincidence of the vertex angle of the triangle and the scale marks of different angles on the left side surface of the base (15); the other side is arranged on a rotating shaft base (9);
a clamping shaft (13) is arranged on the left side surface of the base (15) to fix the position of the rotating shaft base (9); the left side surface is also provided with angle scales which are used for determining the rotating angle of the rotating shaft base (9) by being coincided with the triangular tip of the angle pointer (14); the base (15) is fixed on a common grinder rest.
2. The negative chamfering tool fixture according to claim 1, wherein the first lead screw bolt (3) and the second lead screw bolt (8) are both hexagon socket head cap screws.
3. The negative chamfering machining clamp of the cutter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cutter clamping block (6) is of a T-shaped block structure, and the front end of the T-shaped block is provided with a groove for clamping a quadrilateral cutter; the edges at the two sides of the groove are provided with corresponding chamfers to facilitate the clamping of a cutter.
4. The negative chamfering fixture of the cutter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rear end face of the T-shaped slider at the front end of the rotating shaft (5) is contacted with the deep groove ball bearing matched with the front side of the stepped hole of the rotating shaft base (9) through a flat washer, the outer diameter of the flat washer is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing, the flat washer is ensured to be attached to the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing, and the rotating shaft (5) can rotate along with the rotation of the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing.
5. The negative chamfering tool fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein one end of the clamping pin (11) is a hemispherical head, the diameter of the hemispherical head is larger than the inner diameter of the pin cylinder hole of the clamping shaft (13), the other end of the clamping pin is an elliptic cylinder, and the middle part of the clamping pin is of a cylindrical structure; the middle part of the clamping pin (11) passes through a pin hole of the clamping shaft (13), and the semi-spherical head and the elliptic cylinder tail part enable the clamping pin to move up and down without separating from the clamping shaft (13).
6. The use method of the tool negative chamfer machining fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, after the tool negative chamfering machining clamp is assembled, fixing a base (15) on a stereoscopic microscope workbench, holding a clamping pin (11) by hand to rotate a clamping shaft (13), and enabling a rotating shaft base (9) to rotate around the clamping shaft (13); secondly, rotating the rotating shaft base (9) to enable the rotating shaft (5) to be vertical, then holding the clamping pin (11) again to rotate the clamping shaft (13), and fixing the position of the rotating shaft base (9); finally, loosening the clamping bolt behind the cutter clamping block (6), placing the cutter (7) on the splayed positioning baffle of the tool rest (1), and rotating the cutter clamping bolt to drive the cutter clamping block (6) to clamp the cutter;
secondly, loosening a slide block clamping bolt on the side surface of the middle slide block (4), and adjusting the position of the cutter (7) in the X direction relative to the rotating shaft by adjusting the first screw bolt (3); loosening a slide block clamping bolt on the side surface of the upper slide block (2), and adjusting the position of the cutter (7) in the Y direction relative to the rotating shaft by adjusting a second lead screw bolt (8); the center of the arc of the tool point of the tool (7) is ensured to coincide with the axle center of the rotating shaft (5) by adjusting the displacement of the tool (7) X, Y;
thirdly, after the center of the arc of the tool point of the tool (7) is adjusted to coincide with the axis of the rotating shaft (5), rotating a sliding block clamping bolt on the side surface of the middle sliding block (4) and fixing the position of the tool (7) relative to the rotating shaft in the X direction; rotating a slide block clamping bolt on the side surface of the upper slide block (2) and fixing the position of the cutter (7) relative to the rotating shaft in the Y direction; loosening the fixing of the base (15) on the stereoscopic microscope workbench, moving the negative chamfering fixture of the cutter to the workbench of a common grinding machine, and fixing the base (15) on a tool rest of the common grinding machine;
fourthly, holding the clamping pin (11) by hand to rotate the clamping shaft (13), loosening the fixation of the rotating shaft base (9), manually rotating the rotating shaft base (9), further enabling the rotating shaft (5) driven by the rotating shaft base to form a certain angle with the vertical surface, wherein the angle is the angle of the negative chamfer to be ground, and ensuring the accuracy of the angle by ensuring the superposition of the triangular tip of the angle pointer (14) and the angle scale on the base (15); the width of the ground negative chamfer is adjusted by a micro-feeding mechanism of a common grinding machine;
fifthly, grinding is carried out, the crank (10) is rotated during grinding to ensure that the main and auxiliary cutting edges of the cutter and the negative chamfer grinding at the arc position of the cutter point, and after one cutter is ground, a clamping bolt after a cutter clamping block (6) is loosened is dismounted from the cutter, and then the negative chamfer grinding of the next cutter is carried out; the same specification of the same batch of cutters does not need to be adjusted again, and only a new cutter needs to be installed and then grinding is repeated.
CN201911085271.0A 2019-11-08 2019-11-08 Negative chamfering machining clamp for cutter and using method of negative chamfering machining clamp Pending CN110712075A (en)

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