CN110702564B - Horizontal type simulation stratified formation mud infiltration and soil body mechanical property change testing arrangement - Google Patents
Horizontal type simulation stratified formation mud infiltration and soil body mechanical property change testing arrangement Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000669003 Aspidiotus destructor Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/04—Investigating osmotic effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion
- G01N23/2251—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion using incident electron beams, e.g. scanning electron microscopy [SEM]
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a testing device and a method for horizontally simulating a layered formation slurry permeation dynamic film forming process and measuring the time-space dynamic change of the mechanical property of a soil body during slurry permeation and the change of the microstructure of the soil body before and after slurry permeation. The device comprises: the device comprises a transparent test barrel, a pressurizing mechanism, a soil body measuring mechanism, a scanning electron microscope and a supporting mechanism. The invention can simulate stratified stratum in practical engineering by adding different types of soil bodies, measure the soil pressure and the super-pore water pressure space-time dynamic change in the mud permeation process and observe the mud permeation dynamic film forming process of the stratified stratum; eliminating errors caused by self-weight improves accuracy. The device can more intuitively and accurately simulate the dynamic film forming process of mud penetrating into the front stratum soil body, measure the change of the mechanical property of the stratum soil body along with time and space during mud penetration and the change of the microstructure of the soil body before and after mud penetration, and provide a dynamic change rule of mud penetration for practical engineering.
Description
Technical Field
Relates to the technical field of underground engineering test equipment, in particular to a horizontal test device and a method for simulating layered formation slurry permeation and formation soil body mechanical property change.
Background
With the rapid development of the construction technology of underground engineering in China, a slurry balance shield and a slurry balance jacking pipe are widely applied to the construction of roads or railway tunnels crossing rivers and seas (lakes), urban rail transit tunnels and municipal underground pipeline engineering, and the common characteristics of the slurry balance shield and the slurry balance jacking pipe are that slurry is injected into a front stratum during construction, and the slurry permeates and dynamically forms a film, so that the stability of an excavation surface is maintained. Meanwhile, as the excavation depth of underground engineering is continuously increased, the excavated stratum has natural deposition layered stratum with different mechanical properties, and the influence of the layered stratum on slurry permeation dynamic film formation must be considered.
At present, the indoor experimental research for simulating mud penetration all adopts a vertical placing device, and a single soil layer is arranged. In the test process, the dead weight easily causes that a test result has larger errors, and a stratified stratum exists on an excavation surface in actual engineering construction, so that the current indoor simulation test has certain defects for truly reflecting actual construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a horizontal testing device and a method for simulating layered formation slurry permeation and soil body mechanical property change, in order to simulate the layered formation slurry permeation in field construction and eliminate the influence of self weight.
The application provides a horizontal simulation stratified formation mud infiltration and soil body mechanical properties change testing arrangement, includes: the device comprises a transparent test barrel, a pressurizing mechanism, a soil body measuring mechanism, a scanning electron microscope and a supporting mechanism.
The test transparent cylinder comprises: the upper side and the lower side of the organic glass cylinder, the left cover plate, the right cover plate and the water filtering amount measuring mechanism are tested. The test organic cylinder body is divided into an upper side and a lower side, the outer edge of the arc organic cylinder body is provided with a groove, and the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are connected through a sealing gasket and a bolt; grooves are formed at the joints of the cover plates at the two ends and the organic glass cylinder body and are connected with the organic glass cylinder body through sealing gaskets and bolts; the right cover plate is provided with an air inlet hole, the pressurizing air pump is connected with the air inlet hole through an air inlet pipe, the air inlet hole is provided with a leakage-proof moving bottleneck-shaped orifice, and a valve is arranged at the front and the rear of the orifice; the left cover plate is provided with a drain hole, and the water filtering device is positioned at the lower side of the tail cover plate; the water filtering device consists of a measuring cylinder and an electronic balance; the supporting mechanism is placed below the lower side barrel and used for fixing the position of the barrel.
Preferably, a graduated scale is arranged on the arc-shaped top of the upper organic glass cylinder, and a grouting hole, a pressure gauge hole and a safety valve hole are formed in the position close to the right cover plate; data line orifices of the soil pressure cell and the hole pressure gauge are arranged at positions 15cm and 40cm away from the left cover plate; downside organic glass barrel is close to right side apron department and is provided with the mud discharging drill way, and the data line drill way that is provided with soil pressure cell and hole manometer apart from left side apron 15cm and 40cm department measures soil body dynamic film forming process's soil pressure cell and hole manometer totally four groups device, and the data line passes through rubber buffer seal installation in the mounting hole.
Preferably, the lower bracket is used as a fixed bracket for horizontally placing the device, and the lower bracket is a ring-shaped bracket consisting of steel structures.
Preferably, the pressurizing device comprises: a pressurizing air pump, an air inlet pipe and a pressure gauge. The pressure air pump is connected with a pressurizing hole at the right cover plate through an air pipe, and the pressure gauge is arranged at the hole of the pressure gauge of the organic cylinder at the upper side.
Preferably, the soil mass measurement system comprises: the device comprises a soil pressure cell, a hole pressure gauge, a connection data line, a DH3816 static strain testing system and a computer. A soil pressure box and a hole pressure meter are combined into a group of instruments, the thickness of a soil layer is 50cm, and the two groups of instruments are placed in a saturated compacted soil body and are respectively placed at positions with the height of 15cm and 40 cm; the same set of devices was placed in one soil layer, at distance 1/4D from the data port and the pore pressure gauge in the same set was 1/2D from the soil pressure cell; the data line of soil pressure cell and hole manometer is worn out through the reservation drill way of organic glass barrel and is connected on DH3816 static strain test system, and then connects DH3816 static strain test system and computer through the data line.
Preferably, the scanning electron microscope includes: an electron optical system, a signal collecting and displaying system, a vacuum system and a power supply system. The structure that needs to carry out electron microscope scanning in the experiment includes: saturated soil for which no permeation test was performed in the initial stage, a sludge membrane formed after the completion of the permeation test, and saturated soil after the completion of the permeation test.
The device is horizontally placed, different soil bodies are added for testing, the soil pressure box and the hole pressure meter are arranged in the cylinder body, during testing, the soil pressure cell and the pore pressure gauge are placed in a saturated soil body, the dynamic changes of the soil pressure and the super-pore water pressure in the soil body in the permeation process are observed through a static strain testing system, and can reduce the influence of the self weight of the slurry in the vertical device, can more accurately simulate the actual situation of the slurry shield in the construction process, the horizontal device for simulating slurry permeation and measuring soil dynamic change has simple structure, convenient use and convenient disassembly, more intuitively and accurately simulates the condition that slurry permeates into soil when a slurry shield is used, the change characteristic of the mechanical property along with time and space during soil infiltration and the microscopic change of soil slurry before and after infiltration can be measured, and a more detailed dynamic change trend is provided for the slurry shield in the actual engineering.
The invention also provides a method for testing the mechanical property change of the stratum soil body by the slurry permeation, and the testing device for simulating the stratified stratum slurry permeation in the horizontal type room comprises the following steps:
and step S1, adding a sealing gasket between the upper side and the lower side of the organic glass, connecting the organic glass by bolts, placing the sealing gasket between the organic glass cylinder body and the left cover plate, which are connected by the upper side and the lower side, and connecting the sealing gasket by bolts, wherein small grooves are formed in the sealing gasket placing parts.
Step S2, vertically placing the organic glass cylinder with the left cover plate, adding permeable stones into the organic glass cylinder, then placing a 2mm partition plate along the boundary line of the upper side and the lower side of the organic glass cylinder, placing the partition plate, respectively filling different soil bodies into the two sides of the partition plate, compacting the soil bodies, injecting water from a water outlet at the left cover plate to enable the water to reach a saturated state, placing a hole pressure box and a soil pressure gauge at the positions 15cm and 40cm away from the left cover plate in the soil filling position, placing the same assembly in a soil layer, placing the hole pressure gauge at the position 1/4D away from the data hole and the soil pressure box in the same assembly at a distance of 1/2D, and simultaneously taking 2mm test blocks at the placement positions of each group of devices to carry out scanning electron microscope tests.
And step S3, taking out the middle 2mm partition plate after each layer of soil body is saturated and reaches a 50cm soil layer required by the test, standing for 5 minutes, horizontally placing the partition plate on the lower cylinder support, connecting the right cover plate and the sealing gasket with the organic cylinder through bolts, injecting slurry into the organic cylinder through the slurry injection port under the condition of ensuring that each valve is closed, and stopping grouting and closing the slurry injection valve when the slurry is positioned at the slurry injection port and is about to overflow.
And step S4, under the condition that the drain valve of the left top cover is opened and the measuring cylinder and the electronic balance are completely placed, connecting a pressurizing air pump with a pressurizing hole at the right cover plate through an air pipe to ensure that valves of a pulp discharging hole and a pulp injecting hole are closed, unscrewing a valve far away from the right cover plate after a pressure gauge works normally, unscrewing a valve close to an upper top pipe while aerating the pressurizing air pump, and aerating the cylindrical cylinder.
And S5, acquiring the change conditions of soil pressure and pore pressure of soil layers of different depths in different soil layers in the pressurizing process by using the DH3816 static strain test system in a 2S period, and stopping pressurizing and closing the air-entrapping valve when the water amount in the measuring cylinder of the left cover plate is changed to 0.1g at intervals, which indicates that the soil body is completely permeated.
And step S6, after permeation is finished, discharging gas in the cylindrical barrel, opening a slurry discharge valve, discharging slurry in the organic glass barrel, dismantling an upper left cover plate, removing bolts on the upper side and the lower side of the organic glass barrel after the upper left cover plate is removed, removing the upper organic glass barrel, measuring the thickness of the formed mud film, taking a test block of 2mm at each group of soil pressure cell and hole pressure meter, and taking a test block of 2mm in the mud film for scanning electron microscope testing.
Step S7: and (4) carrying out scanning electron microscope test on the test blocks obtained in the step (S2) and the step (S6), observing the microscopic change condition of the soil body before and after the test blocks penetrate, comparing the test blocks of different soil layers with different heights, and observing the penetration performance of the prepared mud in different soil layers and different depths.
Step S5 further includes recording the time when the pressure indicated in the pressure gauge momentarily drops slightly, or the air intake is heard in the filtered water volume container, or the water filtering device begins to have water droplets, and measuring the total amount of filtered water it can produce from the beginning of the filtered water volume to the end of the final permeate.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the testing device horizontally arranges the testing cylinder and arranges different types of soil bodies on the upper side and the lower side, layered strata appearing in actual engineering construction can be more intuitively and accurately simulated, and the influence of the self weight in the vertical device on a testing result is eliminated; the dynamic process of slurry permeation is tracked by measuring the dynamic changes of soil pressure and super-pore water pressure in the slurry permeation process in a test saturated soil body by a soil pressure box and a pore pressure meter; by observing and comparing the microstructure change of the soil before and after slurry infiltration, the influence of the layered formation slurry infiltration and the soil mechanical property can be reflected more intuitively and more accurately.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a horizontal indoor device for simulating layered formation slurry permeation and measuring soil mechanical property change;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a horizontal indoor device for simulating layered formation slurry penetration and measuring soil mechanical property changes;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of a horizontal indoor device for simulating layered formation slurry penetration and measuring changes in soil mechanical properties;
FIG. 4 is a right side view of the horizontal indoor layered formation slurry permeability simulation and soil mechanical property change determination device;
the attached drawings are as follows: 1-the upper side of an organic glass cylinder, 2-the lower side of the organic glass cylinder, 3-the right cover plate, 4-the left cover plate, 5-the upper and lower cylinder connection bolts, 6-the upper cylinder graduation mark, 7-the connection cylinder cover plate bolt, 8-the pressure gauge, 9-the grouting orifice, 10-the air inlet pipe, 11-the pressurized air pump, 12-the safety valve orifice, 13-the grout outlet orifice, 14-the air inlet left valve, 15-the leakage motion prevention movement bottle mouth orifice, 16-the air inlet right valve, 17-the supporting mechanism, 18-the water outlet orifice, 19-the water outlet valve, 20-the soil pressure box and hole pressure meter, 21-the data line orifice, 22-the connection data line, 23-the measuring cylinder, 24-the electronic balance, 25-the left cover plate sealing ring, 26-right cover plate sealing ring, 27-upper and lower side sealing rings of organic cylinder, 28-static strain tester, 29-computer.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and explanatory of the present test and invention, and are not restrictive thereof.
In a specific embodiment, the present invention provides a horizontal testing apparatus for simulating the penetration of layered formation slurry and the change of mechanical properties of formation soil, comprising: the device comprises a transparent test barrel, a pressurizing mechanism, a soil body measuring mechanism, a scanning electron microscope and a supporting mechanism.
The test subject apparatus includes: organic glass barrel upside 1, organic glass barrel downside 2, right side apron 3, left side apron 4. A water filtration amount measuring mechanism (a measuring cylinder 23, an electronic balance 24), and a support mechanism 17. The pressurizing device comprises a pressurizing air pump 11, an air inlet pipe 10 and a pressure gauge 9. The soil body measuring system comprises a soil pressure cell and hole pressure meter 20 and a static strain testing system 28; the scanning electron microscope comprises an electron optical system, a signal collecting and displaying system, a vacuum system and a power supply system.
The test main body equipment comprises an organic cylinder upper side 1 and an organic test cylinder lower side 2, and the two sides are connected through a sealing gasket and a bolt 5; the right cover plate 3 and the left cover plate 4 are connected with the organic glass cylinders 1 and 2 through sealing gaskets and bolts 7; the water filtering device is arranged below the drain pipe 18 at the lower side of the left cover plate 4 and consists of a measuring cylinder 23 and an electronic balance 24; the support mechanism 17 is placed below the lower cylinder 2 for fixing the cylinder position.
The right transparent scale mark 6 is arranged at the arc fixed end part above the upper side cylinder body 1, the position where the soil layer is added can be observed through the scale mark 6, and the tamping saturation can be realized when each layer of soil is added to 10 cm; a pressure gauge hole for arranging a pressure gauge 8, a grouting hole 9 for injecting slurry after filling soil and a safety valve 12 are arranged at the upper organic cylinder close to the right cover plate 3 to ensure the safety of the cylinder during pressurization; the middle part of the right cover plate 3 is provided with an air inlet (a valve 14, a leakproof motion bottle mouth-shaped orifice 15 and a valve 16) which is connected with a pressurized air pump 11 through an air pipe 10; the lower end of the left cover plate 4 is provided with a drain hole 18 and a valve 19.
The upper organic cylinder body 1 and the lower organic cylinder body 2 are provided with grooves at the outer edges, a sealing gasket 27 is arranged between the upper organic cylinder body 1 and the lower organic cylinder body 2, and the upper organic cylinder body 1, the lower organic cylinder body 2 and the sealing gasket 27 are connected through bolts 5; a sealing gasket 26 is arranged between the connected organic cylinder and the left cover plate 4 and is connected with the organic cylinder through a bolt 7; and a sealing gasket 25 is arranged between the connected test cylinder and the right cover plate 3 and is connected through a bolt 7.
The upper side test cylinder body 1 and the lower side test cylinder body 2 are provided with data line connecting holes 21 of a soil pressure cell and a hole pressure gauge 20 at positions 15cm and 40cm away from a left cover plate, and the soil pressure cell and hole pressure gauge 20 is connected to a static strain tester 28 through a data line 22, and the static strain tester 28 is connected to a computer 29 through a data line.
And a row of slurry holes 13 are formed in the position, close to the right cover plate 3, of the organic glass cylinder 2 on the lower side and used for discharging slurry after the test is finished. A measuring cylinder 23 is arranged below a water discharge hole 18 arranged on the bottom plate of the left cover plate 4, and the measuring cylinder is arranged above an electronic balance 24 and used for observing the change and the total amount of the filtered water.
In the test process, the upper organic glass cylinder body 1 is one kind of soil body, and the lower organic glass cylinder body 2 is the other kind of soil body, so that the conditions of different soil layers in the shield excavation process in the simulation construction can be better. During test pressurization, the pressurization air pump 11 is connected with air inlets (a valve 14, a leakproof motion bottle mouth-shaped orifice 15 and a valve 16) in the right cover plate 3 through an air pipe 10, the air pressure inside the test cylinder is measured through a pressure gauge 8, and the stability and the safety during test pressurization are ensured through a safety valve 12.
In addition to the horizontal indoor device for simulating layered formation slurry permeation and measuring soil dynamic change, the application also provides a method for testing the mechanical property change of the formation soil by slurry permeation, and the horizontal indoor device for simulating layered formation slurry permeation and measuring soil dynamic change comprises the following steps:
and step S1, adding a sealing gasket between the upper side and the lower side of the organic glass, connecting the organic glass by bolts, placing the sealing gasket between the organic glass cylinder body and the left cover plate, which are connected by the upper side and the lower side, and connecting the sealing gasket by bolts, wherein small grooves are formed in the sealing gasket placing parts.
Step S2, vertically placing the organic glass cylinder with the left cover plate, adding permeable stones into the organic glass cylinder, then placing a 2mm partition plate along the boundary line of the upper side and the lower side of the organic glass cylinder, placing the partition plate, respectively filling different soil bodies into the two sides of the partition plate, compacting the soil bodies, injecting water from a water outlet at the left cover plate to enable the water to reach a saturated state, placing a hole pressure box and a soil pressure gauge at the positions 15cm and 40cm away from the left cover plate in the soil filling position, placing the same assembly in a soil layer, placing the hole pressure gauge at the position 1/4D away from the data hole and the soil pressure box in the same assembly at a distance of 1/2D, and simultaneously taking 2mm test blocks at the placement positions of each group of devices to carry out scanning electron microscope tests.
And step S3, taking out the middle 2mm partition plate after each layer of soil body is saturated and reaches a 50cm soil layer required by the test, standing for 5 minutes, horizontally placing the partition plate on the lower cylinder support, connecting the right cover plate and the sealing gasket with the organic cylinder through bolts, injecting slurry into the organic cylinder through the slurry injection port under the condition of ensuring that each valve is closed, and stopping grouting and closing the slurry injection valve when the slurry is positioned at the slurry injection port and is about to overflow.
And step S4, under the condition that the drainage valve of the lower top pipe is opened and the measuring cylinder and the electronic balance are completely placed, connecting a pressurizing air pump with a pressurizing hole at the right cover plate through an air pipe to ensure that valves of a grout discharging hole and a grout injecting hole are closed, unscrewing a valve far away from the right cover plate after a pressure gauge works normally, and unscrewing a valve close to the upper top pipe while aerating the pressurizing air pump to aerate the cylindrical barrel.
And S5, acquiring the change conditions of soil pressure and pore pressure of soil layers of different depths in different soil layers in the pressurizing process by using the DH3816 static strain test system in a 2S period, and stopping pressurizing and closing the air-entrapping valve when the water amount in the measuring cylinder of the left cover plate is changed to 0.1g at intervals, which indicates that the soil body is completely permeated.
And step S6, after permeation is finished, discharging gas in the cylindrical barrel, opening a slurry discharge valve, discharging slurry in the organic glass barrel, dismantling an upper left cover plate, removing bolts on the upper side and the lower side of the organic glass barrel after the upper left cover plate is removed, removing the upper organic glass barrel, measuring the thickness of the formed mud film, taking a test block of 2mm at each group of soil pressure cell and hole pressure meter, and taking a test block of 2mm in the mud film for scanning electron microscope testing.
Step S7: and (3) carrying out scanning electron microscope test on the test blocks obtained in the step (2) and the step (6), observing the microscopic change condition of the soil body before and after the test blocks penetrate, comparing the test blocks of different soil layers with different heights, and observing the penetration performance of the prepared slurry in different soil layers and different heights.
Step S5 further includes recording the time when the pressure indicated in the pressure gauge momentarily drops slightly, or the air intake is heard in the filtered water volume container, or the water filtering device begins to have water droplets, and measuring the total amount of filtered water it can produce from the beginning of the filtered water volume to the end of the final permeate.
Examples, please refer to the attached drawings:
a horizontal simulation stratified formation mud infiltration and formation soil body mechanical properties change testing arrangement includes: the device comprises test main body equipment, pressurizing equipment, a soil body mechanical property dynamic change observation device and a scanning electron microscope.
The test subject apparatus includes: organic glass barrel upside 1, organic glass barrel downside 2, right side apron 3, left side apron 4. A water filtering capacity measuring device (a measuring cylinder 23 and an electronic balance 24) and a lower cylinder support 17. The pressurizing device comprises a pressurizing air pump 11, an air pressure pipe 10 and a pressure gauge 9. The soil body measuring system comprises a soil pressure cell and hole pressure meter 20 and a static strain testing system 28; the scanning electron microscope comprises an electron optical system, a signal collecting and displaying system, a vacuum system and a power supply system.
The specific implementation steps are as follows:
A. placing a sealing gasket 27 between the upper organic glass cylinder 1 and the lower organic glass cylinder 2, and fixing the sealing gaskets through bolts 5; a sealing gasket 26 is arranged between the combined cylinder and the left cover plate 4 and is connected with the combined cylinder through a bolt 7; the device is placed vertically after ensuring that the valve 19 on the drain opening 18 is closed.
B. The permeable stone is placed in the combined cylinder, a 2mm partition plate is placed at the joint of the upper organic cylinder and the lower organic cylinder and used for separating different soil bodies on two sides from each other and tamping each layer of soil by 10mm, two soil bodies with different properties are filled on two sides of the partition plate, and the tamped soil bodies are filled into the combined cylinder through the drain holes 18 to reach a saturated state and then are filled with a layer of soil body.
C. The soil pressure box and the pore pressure meter are placed when the soil body is filled to the positions of 15cm and 40cm, a group of devices are required to be placed on different soil bodies with different heights and different pore pressure meters 20, the soil pressure box and the pore pressure meters pass through the reserved orifices 21 through the data lines 22 to be connected to the static strain tester 28, the static strain tester 28 is connected to the computer 29 through the data lines, and meanwhile, 2mm test blocks are taken at the positions where the devices are placed to perform subsequent scanning electron microscope tests.
D. And stopping filling the soil when the soil is filled to 50cm, taking out the 2mm partition plate after the soil is tamped to be saturated, standing the device for 5 minutes, and horizontally placing the device on the lower barrel support 17. A sealing gasket 25 is arranged between the test cylinder and the right cover plate 3 and is connected with the test cylinder through a bolt 7.
E. After the air pressure meter 8 is ensured to work normally and the slurry discharge valve 17, the grouting hole 9 and the valves 14 and 16 are closed, the pressurizing air pump is connected with the air inlet hole through the air pipe 10. After opening the drain hole valve 19 at the bottom of the left cover plate 4, the valve 16 is opened to communicate the leak-proof movement bottleneck-shaped orifice 15 with the pressurization air pump 11, and the valve 14 is opened at the same time of pressurization to communicate the air pump with the test cylinder, so as to perform pressurization.
F. During the pressurization process, the dynamic change of the soil body is measured by the soil pressure cell and the hole pressure gauge 20, and the obtained data is transmitted to the computer 29 by the static strain tester 28 to be displayed. The completion of the sludge infiltration process is indicated when the quality of the drainage in the measuring cylinder 18 of the drainage measuring device changes by less than 0.1g in a certain period of time.
G. And after the penetration of the slurry is finished, the test cylinder body is exhausted through a safety valve 12, the slurry in the cylinder body is exhausted through a slurry exhaust valve 13, the right cover plate 3 and the left cover plate 4 are removed, and the organic glass cylinder body 1 on the upper side is removed. The thickness of the film formed by the slurry was measured and the value in the measuring cylinder 23 was read. Test blocks of 2mm by 2mm were taken at each set of soil pressure cell and pore pressure gauge and test blocks of 2mm by 2mm were taken in the mud film for scanning electron microscopy testing.
H. And D, using the test blocks obtained in the step C and the step G for scanning electron microscope test, observing the microscopic change condition of the soil body before and after the test blocks penetrate, comparing the test blocks of different soil layers with different heights, and observing the penetration performance of the prepared slurry in different soil layers and different heights.
The horizontal indoor device for simulating the penetration of the stratified formation slurry and measuring the dynamic change of the soil body and the method thereof provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated herein using specific experimental examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A horizontal test method for simulating the penetration of layered stratum mud and the change of mechanical characteristics of stratum soil is characterized in that: the device comprises a test transparent cylinder, a pressurizing mechanism, a soil body measuring mechanism, a scanning electron microscope and a supporting mechanism, wherein the test transparent cylinder is used for testing the penetration of layered formation slurry and the mechanical property change of a formation soil body; the test transparent cartridge comprises: the device comprises a test organic glass cylinder, a test organic glass cylinder upper side, a test organic glass cylinder lower side, a left cover plate, a right cover plate and a water filtering amount measuring mechanism; the upper side of the organic glass cylinder body is fixedly connected with the lower side of the organic glass cylinder body through bolts, the left cover plate and the right cover plate are fixedly connected with the organic glass cylinder body through bolts, the left cover plate is provided with a drain pipe, and a filtered water measuring mechanism is connected below the drain pipe; the water filtration capacity measuring mechanism comprises an electronic scale placed on the ground and a measuring cylinder above the electronic scale; transparent scale lines, grouting holes, safety valve mounting holes and pressure gauge mounting holes are formed in the upper side of the organic glass cylinder; a grout outlet is arranged at the lower side of the organic glass cylinder; the right cover plate is provided with an air inlet connected with the pressurizing mechanism; the pressurizing mechanism comprises a pressurizing air pump, an air inlet pipe and a pressure gauge, the pressurizing air pump is connected to an air inlet hole in the right cover plate through the air inlet pipe, and the pressure gauge is arranged in a pressure gauge hole in the upper side of the organic glass cylinder to be tested; the pressurizing air pump controls the pressurizing value thereof through automatic adjustment; the soil body measuring mechanism comprises a soil pressure cell and a pore pressure meter which are symmetrically arranged in the cylinder body, and the soil pressure cell and the pore pressure meter are respectively connected with a static strain tester arranged on one side of the cylinder body through data lines; the scanning electron microscope is used for observing the microstructure change of soil bodies before and after slurry permeation and the performance of a mud film formed by permeation, and the supporting mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the cylinder body so as to ensure the stability of the cylinder body in the test process; the test method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1, connecting the upper side of the organic glass cylinder and the lower side of the organic glass cylinder with a left cover plate by bolts and sealing gaskets;
step S2, sequentially adding permeable stones, saturated stratified soil bodies, a soil pressure box, a pore pressure meter and saturated stratified soil bodies into the connected test organic cylinder, sealing the test organic glass cylinder by using a right cover plate, and horizontally placing the sealed test organic glass cylinder, wherein test blocks are taken from the soil pressure box and the pore pressure meter for later-stage electron microscope test;
step S3, injecting slurry into the horizontally placed test organic glass cylinder;
step S4, pressurizing the organic glass cylinder to be tested through the air inlet under the condition that the soil body measuring mechanism normally operates;
step S5, collecting soil pressure and pore pressure test data through a DH3816 static strain tester, and observing the water filtration amount after the infiltration is stable;
step S6, after the infiltration is finished, the soil sampling pressure box and the pore pressure gauge are positioned on the test block body with the same size as the test block body in the step S2, the thickness of the mud film is measured, and the mud film test block body with the same size is sampled;
step S7: and (4) performing a scanning electron microscope test on the test blocks obtained in the step (S2) and the step (S6), and observing the microcosmic conditions of the soil before and after infiltration.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the left cover plate and the right cover plate are connected and fixed with the organic glass cylinder, grooves matched with the organic glass cylinder are formed in the side walls of the left cover plate and the right cover plate, and sealing rings are arranged in the grooves and fix the left cover plate and the right cover plate with the organic glass cylinder through bolts.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: a grouting hole, a safety valve mounting hole and a pressure gauge mounting hole are formed in the position, close to the right cover plate, of the upper organic glass cylinder, and transparent scale marks are formed at the arc top of the upper organic glass cylinder; the organic glass cylinder body at the lower side is provided with a slurry discharge hole at a position close to the right cover plate; there is the data line connection drill way in the place of 15cm and 40cm apart from left side apron in upside organic glass barrel and downside organic glass barrel.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the left sides of the upper organic glass cylinder and the lower organic glass cylinder are symmetrically provided with mounting holes, and the soil pressure cell and a data line of the hole pressure gauge are hermetically mounted in the mounting holes through rubber plugs.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the air inlet hole of the right cover plate is connected with a cylindrical small pipeline, two valves and a leakage-proof movement bottleneck-shaped orifice are arranged on the cylindrical small pipeline, and the leakage-proof movement bottleneck-shaped orifice is placed in the middle of the two valves.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the soil pressure and the excess pore water pressure in the soil body measuring system automatically acquire data through a computer, the acquisition period is 2s, the soil pressure box and the pore pressure meter are connected with a DH3816 static strain tester through a data line, the DH3816 static strain tester is connected with the computer, and corresponding data acquisition is carried out in fixed software.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the supporting mechanism is a triangular support and a U-shaped supporting ring of the organic glass cylinder body to be tested, and the supporting mechanism is arranged on the left side and the right side of the organic glass cylinder body in pairs.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: step S5 further includes recording the time when the pressure indicated in the pressure gauge momentarily drops slightly, or the air intake is heard in the graduated cylinder, or the graduated cylinder begins to have water drops, and measuring the total amount of drainage that can be generated from the beginning of the time measurement to the end of the final permeate.
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| CN113049451A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-06-29 | 郑州大学 | Device and method for simulating formation process of mud skin between ultra-thick covering layer and impervious wall |
| CN113640192A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-12 | 天津大学 | Visual penetration test device and method for simulating muddy water construction |
| CN115186433B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2023-08-22 | 北京交通大学 | Analysis method for dynamic hydraulic characteristic curve of stratum caused by slurry shield |
| CN117890563B (en) * | 2024-03-12 | 2024-05-28 | 安徽建筑大学 | Rectangular jacking pipe thixotropic slurry drag reduction and fluid loss performance test system and method |
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| CN204758436U (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-11-11 | 中交二航武汉港湾新材料有限公司 | Test device of simulated formation mud infiltration |
| CN105823717B (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-01-09 | 河海大学 | A kind of simple pressure chamber model of slurry shield and its application method |
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