CN110699090B - Fly ash-based soil water-retaining conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fly ash-based soil water-retaining conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110699090B CN110699090B CN201911108303.4A CN201911108303A CN110699090B CN 110699090 B CN110699090 B CN 110699090B CN 201911108303 A CN201911108303 A CN 201911108303A CN 110699090 B CN110699090 B CN 110699090B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of soil water retention conditioners, wherein the fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner comprises fly ash clinker and a soil composite mineral type conditioner, the fly ash clinker is prepared by calcining the following components in percentage by mass, and the percentage by mass of the fly ash, calcium oxide or calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate is as follows: 1: (0-1) or (0-1.4): (0-0.5): (0 to 0.5); the water retention effect on the soil is realized by the water absorption and drainage principle of the generated dicalcium silicate; the soil compound mineral type conditioner consists of humus, humic acid and cured pig manure, and can improve physical, chemical and microbial reactions of soil and increase the fertility of the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil water-retention conditioners, and particularly relates to a coal ash-based soil water-retention conditioner and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the production amount of fly ash in China is increased year by year, the fly ash is powder collected in flue gas of a pulverized coal furnace of a power plant, and the main oxide composition of the fly ash is as follows: SiO 22、Al2O3、FeO、Fe2O3、CaO、TiO2、MgO、K2O、Na2O、SO3、MnO2Etc., in addition to P2O5And the like. Wherein the silicon oxide and titanium oxide are from clay and rock shale; iron oxide is mainly from pyrite; the magnesium oxide and calcium oxide are derived from their corresponding carbonates and sulfates.
At present, the utilization of the fly ash in China is mainly used as building materials, road construction projects, filling materials, refractory materials and the like, but the utilization amount of the fly ash is reduced due to real estate cooling, particularly, the utilization amount of the fly ash is small and the generation amount is large in western areas of China, villages nearby a thermal power plant directly broadcast the fly ash to farmlands for land ploughing, the fly ash is used as a base fertilizer or a compound fertilizer of crops, the crops can also increase the yield, but the fly ash contains a large amount of glass beads, namely SiO, which is the glass beads2The fly ash is hardly degraded when being applied to soil, and the soil can be polluted irreparably when the fly ash is applied for a long time.
As our country is influenced by seasonal climate and global climate warming, the natural rainfall of the agricultural region in western region of our country is less and less, the agricultural drought in western region is more and more serious, the agricultural production is more and more challenged, and the current situation is difficult to change in short time. Based on the existing planted crops, the yield and quality of the crops are guaranteed to become research hotspots of agriculture, meteorological departments and the like; the water-retaining agent used in agricultural drought research is a good solution, and is a high polymer material which is high in cost, easy to decompose, short in service life and limited in popularization and is useful in the research aspect of the water-retaining agent.
26 th 4 th 2019, the national chemical industry administration association (institute of health and energy), published by T/CCEMA0001-2019, "soil water retention and conditioning agent (fly ash based)", realized that the production of the fly ash for preparing the soil water-retaining agent has the standard, detectable and identifiable, and determined the direction of the industry.
The application numbers are: CN108239536A, name: a soil conditioner and its preparation method, mix silicon-rich material such as fly ash as siliceous raw materials with calcareous raw materials taking calcium oxide as principal ingredients according to the specific proportion, dissolve in alkali liquor, realize the directional reaction through the hydrothermal reaction, activate silicon in the silicon-rich material high-efficiently, have prepared and made the novel soil conditioner of citrate soluble silica content in 22-35 wt%; wherein the mass volume ratio of the solid mixture to the alkali liquor is 1 (10-40) g/ml, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction is 100-; therefore, the method has the advantages of small solid-liquid ratio, high pressure, low production capacity and high equipment cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the patent application, the invention provides a fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner, which is characterized in that fly ash is used as a silicon-rich material, the fly ash directly reacts with calcium carbonate or calcium oxide at high temperature to generate dicalcium silicate, and then a soil compound mineral type conditioner is added.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner comprises fly ash clinker which is prepared by the following components in percentage by mass through a calcination process,
the mass ratio of the fly ash to the calcium oxide or calcium carbonate to the sodium carbonate to the potassium carbonate is as follows: 1: (0-1) or (0-1.4): (0-0.5): (0 to 0.5);
wherein: the sodium carbonate and the potassium carbonate are both prepared into aqueous solution or standard solution for use.
The working principle or the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the activation principle of the fly ash is as follows: the fly ash particles are in a porous honeycomb structure, and the specific surface area of the fly ash particles is 400-1200 m by a Boehringer method2The characteristics of the fly ash per kg enable the fly ash to have certain water absorption and retention effects. The fly ash particles are mainly in the form of spherical shells, the shells being SiO2The glass beads are composed of quartz and mullite which are main components, and the glass beads are called as glass beads, and the structure of the glass beads is a crystal with a three-dimensional network structure; CaCO3、Na2CO3Equal to the main component SiO of the fly ash2Under the condition of high temperature, the calcium silicate (2 CaOSiO) is generated by excitation and activation2)、Na2SiO3，Na2CO3With Al2O3Reacting NaAlO2And the like.
Wherein, dicalcium silicate (2 CaO. SiO)2) As the main product, it is abbreviated as: c2S; the reactions that occur during the calcination of fly ash are as follows:
In the calcination process, the key for changing the activity of the fly ash is to break Si-O and Al-O bonds, under the condition of high-temperature calcination, the polymerization degree of Si-O-Al network polymers is reduced, the acting force of the Si-O and Al-O bonds on the particle surface is weakened and easy to break, and the destructive effect of the Si-O and Al-O bonds is gradually enhanced along with the increase of the temperature. Under high-temperature roasting, CaO and Na2CO3Equal to SiO in fly ash2The direct reaction has direct damage effect on the network structure of the fly ash silicate glass, and the network polymer is converted into C2C with S as the main component2And the S oligomer enables the fly ash particles to become porous and fluffy, increases the specific surface area and improves the adsorption performance of the fly ash.
Dicalcium silicate produced at temperatures below 1250 ℃ is alpha'LBeta, gamma variants, alpha'LBelongs to an orthorhombic system and is stable at 650-1160 ℃; beta-type is monoclinic and stable at 500-650 ℃, and gamma-type is stable at 500 ℃ or lower and belongs to orthorhombic system.
α′LBeta-dicalcium silicate is hydraulic, but is unstable at room temperature and tends to change to gamma-type with weak hydraulic properties. When the form β changes to form γ, the volume increases by 12%, resulting in pulverization of the clinker. When the clinker contains sodium oxide and sodium aluminate, the beta-C can be increased2Stability of S, Na2O/C2The S molar ratio should not be less than 1: 1000, parts by weight; therefore, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate are added in the calcination process, and are used as stabilizers or mineralizers to prevent alpha'LThe conversion of beta-type dicalcium silicate to gamma-type dicalcium silicate can reduce the calcination temperature at the same time, but the addition amount of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate must be as follows according to the mass ratio of fly ash, calcium oxide or calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate: 1: (0-1) or (0-1.4): (0-0.5): (0-0.5), because excessive sodium ions destroy the ion balance inside plant cells, inhibit the physiological metabolism inside the cells, further block photosynthesis, and finally cause carbon starvation death of plants, the addition amount of sodium carbonate should be strictly controlled.
Properties and performance: dicalcium silicate is a white to off-white free-flowing powder that retains its fluidity well after absorbing more water. C2When S reacts with water, the hydration speed is slow, the S is hydrated by about 20 percent in the age of 28 days, the S releases heat when being hydrated, and the hydration heat is 250J/g.
Toxicity: the ADI value is not specifically defined and can be generally considered to be safe.
Water absorption and discharge principle: c2The S oligomer hydrates with free water to form a great number of hydrophilic active groups (-OH) to make C2The S oligomer has strong water absorption capacity, and the hydration reaction is dicalcium silicate (C)2S) and water are hydrated at normal temperature:
2CaO·SiO2+nH2O＝xCaO·SiO2·yH2O+(2-x)Ca(OH)2
the abbreviation is: c2S+nH＝C-S-H+(2-x)CH
Hydration of sodium metasilicate to Na2SiO3·9H2O; hydration of sodium aluminosilicate to NaAlO2·Na2SiO3·xH2O。
When the environment appears rich in water, C2The S oligomer exhibits water-absorbing ability, C2The interaction between the lone pair of oxygen in the hydroxyl group of S oligomer and hydrogen in water molecule produces one kind of molecular force stronger than that in common molecular force but weaker than that in chemical bondThe interaction force of (2) is hydrogen bond van der waals force (intermolecular force), and the stable state is maintained; when the environment is poor in water, the hydrogen bonding force between the active groups still keeps a stable affinity state; as the transpiration pulling force generated by the transpiration of the plant branches and leaves is the power of the passive water absorption of the root system, the water column tension of the plant roots is generally-5 to-30 bar, when the plant roots need to absorb water, the water absorption capacity of the root system is larger than the hydrogen bond capacity, C2S oligomer releases water needed by crops; as can be seen, C2The S oligomer can repeatedly realize the functions of water absorption and water drainage, and the reversibility of water absorption and water drainage is good.
And C2The S has the characteristics of complexing, chelating and adsorbing heavy metal elements such as Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and the like in soil, and reduces the effect of harmful substances such as heavy metals and the like. The main principle is as follows: calcium ions in dicalcium silicate can be replaced by heavy metal ions, so as to achieve the chelation effect.
When the fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner is applied to soil, the concentrations of sodium ions and potassium ions in the soil are diluted to a part of alpha'LConversion of type and beta dicalcium silicate to gamma dicalcium silicate due to the fact that the volume of gamma dicalcium silicate is greater than alpha'LThe volumes of type and beta dicalcium silicate increase by 12%, and become loose.
Further limiting, the coal ash-based soil water-retaining conditioner also comprises a soil mineral type conditioner, wherein the soil mineral type conditioner comprises humic acid, humus and cured pig manure.
Humus soil: the humus soil is formed by long-term rotting and fermentation of dead branches and leaves of trees in surface soil layers in forests. Most of the industrialized humus soil is produced by a wood processing factory, and crushed wood is dug, buried and fermented, and is mined after several months and subjected to pollution-free treatment and then directly sold. The humus soil has an average grain size of 223 mu m in a dry state and a wet state grain size of 66.5 mu m, and the structure is loose and porous. The humus contains functional groups such as carboxyl and hydroxyl, and plays a key role in conditioning the soil. The function of humus soil: firstly, has better water and fertilizer retention capacity. Secondly, the retted humus soil contains various nutrient elements required by plants, and the potential fertilizer efficiency is increased. Thirdly, the lasting fertilizer efficiency time is long.
Humic acid: is animal and plant remains, mainly plant remains, a class of organic substances which are caused and accumulated through a series of processes of microbial decomposition and transformation, and geochemistry. Efficacy of humic acid: five major functions of improving soil, enhancing fertilizer, stimulating growth, enhancing stress resistance and improving quality; the four-agent function is drought-resistant agent, growth regulator, pesticide slow-release synergist and chemical element complexing agent; "three-transformation effect" -low carbonization, ecology, optimization; two-high three-low fertilizer has high utilization rate, high crop yield, less fertilizer application amount, less fertilizer application times and less harmful gas emission; "three-agent" -fertilizer synergist, soil conditioner, rhizosphere growth-stimulating agent. According to the standard NY/T394-2013 of the use rule of green food fertilizers released by the Ministry of agriculture of the people's republic of China, the humic acid compound fertilizer belongs to fertilizers which can be used for producing AA-grade green foods. Humic acid can be applied as a unit fertilizer, and can also form a compound fertilizer taking humic acid as a main body.
Fermenting the cured pig manure:
15 percent of organic matter of pig manure, 0.5 percent of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)2O5)0.5 to 0.6% of potassium (K)20.35-0.45% of O), fine texture of the pig manure, complex components, and protein, fat, organic acid, cellulose, hemicellulose and inorganic salt. The pig manure contains more nitrogen and has smaller carbon-nitrogen ratio, and is generally easy to decompose, ferment and mature by microorganisms to release nutrients which can be absorbed and utilized by crops.
Further limiting, the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to the humus soil to the humic acid to the cured pig manure is as follows: 1: (0.1-0.35): (0.05-0.25): (0.1-0.4).
Further limiting, the coal ash-based soil water-retaining conditioner also comprises selenium-rich humic acid and sodium selenite, wherein the mass ratio of the coal ash clinker to the selenium-rich humic acid to the sodium selenite is as follows: 1:0.5: (0-0.0016).
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the fly ash-based soil water-retaining conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing fly ash, calcium oxide or calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate according to the mass, wherein the sodium carbonate and the potassium carbonate are prepared into an aqueous solution or a standard solution of the fly ash, the calcium oxide or the calcium carbonate, the sodium carbonate and the potassium carbonate;
s2: mixing the raw materials in the step S1, and calcining at 800-1250 ℃ to obtain a fly ash clinker;
s3: weighing and mixing the fly ash clinker, the humic acid, the humus soil and the cured pig manure, hydrating at normal temperature after mixing, and packaging for delivery.
On one hand, the calcining process is solid calcining, so that the reaction time is shortened, the conversion rate is improved, and the production capacity is improved; on the other hand, the preparation method can be carried out under normal pressure, so that the input cost of each device in the preparation method is reduced, and the safety performance of the production process is improved.
Further, the static calcination method adopted in the calcination in step S2 is specifically:
and (4) mixing the raw materials in the step (S1), preheating, performing static calcination when the preheating temperature reaches above 90 ℃, wherein the calcination temperature is 800-1250 ℃, the calcination time is 30-150 min, and then performing a cooling process to obtain the fly ash clinker after cooling to below 60 ℃.
Further, the cooling process is specifically as follows: the temperature is reduced to 480-500 ℃ through a grate cooler, and then the powder flow heat exchanger is utilized to exchange heat with water and is cooled to below 60 ℃.
Further limiting, the dynamic calcination method adopted in the calcination in step S2 specifically includes:
and respectively spraying aqueous solution or standard solution of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate on the mixture of fly ash, calcium oxide or calcium carbonate, then processing the mixture into balls through a ball making process, preheating the balls to 500-850 ℃, dynamically calcining the balls at 800-1250 ℃ for 30-150 min, then cooling the balls to 65-70 ℃ to obtain the fly ash clinker.
If the fuel is natural gas, denitration treatment is required, so step S2 further includes denitration treatment of the tail gas.
The working principle of the invention isThe beneficial effects are as follows: by adopting the calcination process and controlling the calcination temperature within 800-1250 ℃, the silicon dioxide and calcium oxide or calcium carbonate can react to generate dicalcium silicate, the byproducts are few, and the amount of dicalcium silicate obtained is large; the preparation method does not use water, and the hydration process fully utilizes free water in the natural soil without discharging waste water; the calcination temperature is controlled within 800-1250 ℃, so that NO generation is not satisfiedxCondition of NO generation of NOxPollution, no harmful substance, low cost of raw materials and changing waste into valuable.
The fineness and the content of the raw materials are required: the fly ash meets the III-level regulation in Table 1 of GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete; the calcium carbonate meets the qualification specification in the table 1 of HG/T2567-2006 Industrial active precipitated calcium carbonate; the calcium oxide meets the IV index requirement in the table 1 in HG/T4205-; sodium carbonate meets GB210.1-2004 Industrial sodium carbonate and test method part 1: industrial sodium carbonate "in Table 1 the provisions of II type of qualified products; the potassium carbonate meets the specification of I type qualified products in the interior table 1 of GB/T1587-2016 industrial potassium carbonate; the sodium carbonate standard solution meets the regulation of 4.4.1 in GB/T601-2016 preparation of chemical reagent standard titration solution, and the potassium carbonate standard solution is prepared according to the sodium carbonate standard solution. The above standards are subject to the latest year edition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the soil water-retaining conditioner has the main functions as follows:
(1) the water absorption rate is high, the water retention capacity is strong, and the water retention time is long; each water absorption and retention period is about 140 days depending on the complete hydration time of dicalcium silicate.
(2) The utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, and the high yield and high quality of crops are promoted; the consumption of traditional phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be reduced by 20-40% (elements are from fly ash, humic acid, humus soil and the like);
(3) the soil nutrition is supplemented, the medium trace elements have various types and high activity, and Ca, Si, Mg, Fe, B, Zn, S and the like;
(4) improving soil permeability and loosening soil;
(5) the slow release performance of the fertilizer is outstanding, and the consumption of the traditional nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer can be reduced by 20-40%;
(6) the heat storage function can improve the soil temperature (the fly ash clinker is gray black, the heat absorption is fast, the heat absorption capacity is large, and meanwhile, the hydration heat of the dicalcium silicate is 250J/g when the dicalcium silicate is hydrated);
(7) regulating the pH value of the soil, and reducing the acidification degree of the chemical fertilizer to the soil (mainly from calcium hydroxide generated slowly by hydration of dicalcium silicate);
(8) good stability, good reversibility of water absorption and drainage, and long-term effectiveness.
Meets the standard requirements of T/CCEMA0001-2019 'soil water retention and conditioner (coal ash base)'. The fly ash clinker meets the requirements of high quality in the standards; the contents of mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium and chromium are far lower than the standard requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a calcination process;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a static calcination process;
figure 3 is a flow diagram of a dynamic calcination process.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, a preparation method of a fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing 100kg of fly ash;
s2: preheating the fly ash to above 90 ℃ through a powder flow heat exchanger a, wherein the preheating medium is hot water, conveying the preheated fly ash into a tunnel kiln for static calcination, the calcination temperature in the tunnel kiln is 800-1250 ℃, the calcination time is controlled within 30-150 min, cooling to 480-500 ℃ through a grate cooler after calcination, and exchanging heat with water through a powder flow heat exchanger b, when the temperature is reduced to below 60 ℃, hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b can be used in places needing hot water, such as rain or heating, and the like, low-temperature water in the heating process can be returned to the powder flow heat exchanger b for continuous cooling, the hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b can also be returned to the powder flow heat exchanger a as a preheating medium, the solid coming from the powder flow heat exchanger b is fly ash clinker, and the water coming from the powder flow heat exchanger a can be sent to the powder flow heat exchanger b as a cooling medium;
s3: weighing the mass of the prepared fly ash clinker, and weighing humic acid, humic soil and cured pig manure according to the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to the humic acid to the humic soil to the cured pig manure of 1:0.1:0.05: 0.1;
mixing the fly ash clinker, humic acid, humus soil and cured pig manure, hydrating at normal temperature, and packaging and leaving the factory.
The fineness and the content of the raw materials are required: the fly ash meets the III-level regulation in Table 1 of GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete; the calcium carbonate meets the qualification provisions in the table 1 of HG/T2567-2006 industrial activity precipitated calcium carbonate; the calcium oxide meets the IV index requirements in the table 1 of HG/T4205-2011 industrial calcium oxide; sodium carbonate meets GB210.1-2004 Industrial sodium carbonate and test method part 1: industrial sodium carbonate "in Table 1 the provisions of II type of qualified products; the potassium carbonate meets the specification of I type qualified products in the interior table 1 of GB/T1587-2016 industrial potassium carbonate; the sodium carbonate standard solution meets the regulation of 4.4.1 in GB/T601-2016 preparation of chemical reagent standard titration solution, and the potassium carbonate standard solution is prepared according to the sodium carbonate standard solution. The above standards are subject to the latest year edition.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, a preparation method of a fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing 100kg of fly ash, 60kg of calcium oxide, 20kg of sodium carbonate and 25kg of potassium carbonate, preparing sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate into an aqueous solution or a standard solution, uniformly mixing the fly ash and the calcium oxide, and then adding the prepared aqueous solution or the standard solution to obtain a fly ash raw material;
s2: preheating the fly ash raw material to above 90 ℃ through a powder flow heat exchanger a, wherein the preheating medium is hot water, conveying the preheated fly ash raw material into a tunnel kiln for static calcination, the calcination temperature in the tunnel kiln is 800-1250 ℃, the calcination time is controlled within 30-150 min, cooling to 480-500 ℃ through a grate cooler after calcination, and exchanging heat with water through a powder flow heat exchanger b, when the temperature is reduced to below 60 ℃, hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b can be used in places needing hot water, such as rain or heating, and the like, low-temperature water in the heating process can be returned to the powder flow heat exchanger b for continuous cooling, the hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b can also be returned to the powder flow heat exchanger a as a preheating medium, the solid coming from the powder flow heat exchanger b is fly ash clinker, and the water coming from the powder flow heat exchanger a can be sent to the powder flow heat exchanger b as a cooling medium;
s3: weighing the mass of the prepared fly ash clinker, and weighing humic acid, humic soil and cured pig manure according to the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to the humic acid to the humic soil to the cured pig manure of 1:0.23:0.16: 0.3;
mixing the fly ash clinker, humic acid, humus soil and cured pig manure, hydrating at normal temperature, and packaging and leaving the factory.
The fineness and the content of the raw materials are required: the fly ash meets the III-level regulation in Table 1 of GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete; the calcium carbonate meets the qualification provisions in the table 1 of HG/T2567-2006 industrial activity precipitated calcium carbonate; the calcium oxide meets the IV index requirements in the table 1 of HG/T4205-2011 industrial calcium oxide; sodium carbonate meets GB210.1-2004 Industrial sodium carbonate and test method part 1: industrial sodium carbonate "in Table 1 the provisions of II type of qualified products; the potassium carbonate meets the specification of I type qualified products in the interior table 1 of GB/T1587-2016 industrial potassium carbonate; the sodium carbonate standard solution meets the regulation of GB/T601-2016 (preparation of chemical reagent standard titration solution)' in 4.4.1, and the potassium carbonate standard solution is prepared according to the sodium carbonate standard solution. The above standards are subject to the latest year edition.
In this example, calcium carbonate may be used instead of calcium oxide, and the mass of calcium carbonate is 80 kg.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 2, a preparation method of a fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing 100kg of fly ash, 100kg of calcium oxide, 50kg of sodium carbonate and 50kg of potassium carbonate, preparing the sodium carbonate and the potassium carbonate into an aqueous solution or a standard solution, uniformly mixing the fly ash and the calcium oxide, and then adding the prepared aqueous solution or the standard solution into the mixture to obtain a fly ash raw material;
s2: preheating the fly ash raw material to above 90 ℃ through a powder flow heat exchanger a, wherein the preheating medium is hot water, conveying the preheated fly ash raw material into a tunnel kiln for static calcination, the calcination temperature in the tunnel kiln is 800-1250 ℃, the calcination time is controlled within 30-150 min, cooling to 480-500 ℃ through a grate cooler after calcination, and exchanging heat with water through a powder flow heat exchanger b, when the temperature is reduced to below 60 ℃, hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b can be used in places needing hot water, such as rain or heating, and the like, low-temperature water in the heating process can be returned to the powder flow heat exchanger b for continuous cooling, the hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b can also be returned to the powder flow heat exchanger a as a preheating medium, the solid coming from the powder flow heat exchanger b is fly ash clinker, and the water coming from the powder flow heat exchanger a can be sent to the powder flow heat exchanger b as a cooling medium;
s3: weighing the mass of the prepared fly ash clinker, and weighing humic acid, humic soil and cured pig manure according to the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to the humic acid to the humic soil to the cured pig manure of 1:0.35:0.25: 0.4;
mixing the fly ash clinker, humic acid, humus soil and cured pig manure, hydrating at normal temperature, and packaging and leaving the factory.
The fineness and the content of the raw materials are required: the fly ash meets the III-level regulation in Table 1 of GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete; the calcium carbonate meets the qualification provisions in the table 1 of HG/T2567-2006 industrial activity precipitated calcium carbonate; the calcium oxide meets the IV index requirements in the table 1 of HG/T4205-2011 industrial calcium oxide; sodium carbonate meets GB210.1-2004 Industrial sodium carbonate and test method part 1: industrial sodium carbonate "in Table 1 the provisions of II type of qualified products; the potassium carbonate meets the specification of I type qualified products in the interior table 1 of GB/T1587-2016 industrial potassium carbonate; the sodium carbonate standard solution meets the regulation of GB/T601-2016 (preparation of chemical reagent standard titration solution)' in 4.4.1, and the potassium carbonate standard solution is prepared according to the sodium carbonate standard solution. The above standards are subject to the latest year edition.
In this example, calcium carbonate may be used instead of calcium oxide, and the mass of calcium carbonate is 140 kg.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 2, a preparation method of a fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing 100kg of fly ash, 100kg of calcium oxide, 50kg of sodium carbonate and 50kg of potassium carbonate, preparing the sodium carbonate and the potassium carbonate into an aqueous solution or a standard solution, uniformly mixing the fly ash and the calcium oxide, and then adding the prepared aqueous solution or the standard solution into the mixture to obtain a fly ash raw material;
s2: preheating the fly ash raw material to above 90 ℃ through a powder flow heat exchanger a, wherein the preheating medium is hot water, conveying the preheated fly ash raw material into a tunnel kiln for static calcination, the calcination temperature in the tunnel kiln is 800-1250 ℃, the calcination time is controlled within 30-150 min, cooling to 480-500 ℃ through a grate cooler after calcination, and exchanging heat with water through a powder flow heat exchanger b, when the temperature is reduced to below 60 ℃, hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b can be used in places needing hot water, such as rain or heating, and the like, low-temperature water in the heating process can be returned to the powder flow heat exchanger b for continuous cooling, the hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b can also be returned to the powder flow heat exchanger a as a preheating medium, the solid coming from the powder flow heat exchanger b is fly ash clinker, and the water coming from the powder flow heat exchanger a can be sent to the powder flow heat exchanger b as a cooling medium;
s3: weighing the mass of the prepared fly ash clinker, and weighing selenium-rich humic acid and sodium selenite according to the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to the selenium-rich humic acid to the sodium selenite of 1:0.5: 0.016;
mixing the fly ash clinker, the selenium-rich humic acid and the sodium selenite, hydrating at normal temperature, and packaging and leaving the factory.
The fineness and the content of the raw materials are required: the fly ash meets the III-level regulation in Table 1 of GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete; the calcium carbonate meets the qualification provisions in the table 1 of HG/T2567-2006 industrial activity precipitated calcium carbonate; the calcium oxide meets the IV index requirements in the table 1 of HG/T4205-2011 industrial calcium oxide; sodium carbonate meets GB210.1-2004 Industrial sodium carbonate and test method part 1: industrial sodium carbonate "in Table 1 the provisions of II type of qualified products; the potassium carbonate meets the specification of I type qualified products in the interior table 1 of GB/T1587-2016 industrial potassium carbonate; the sodium carbonate standard solution meets the regulation of 4.4.1 in GB/T601-2016 preparation of chemical reagent standard titration solution, and the potassium carbonate standard solution is prepared according to the sodium carbonate standard solution. The above standards are subject to the latest year edition.
Example 5
A preparation method of a fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing 100kg of fly ash, 100kg of calcium oxide, 50kg of sodium carbonate and 50kg of potassium carbonate, preparing the sodium carbonate and the potassium carbonate into an aqueous solution or a standard solution, uniformly mixing the fly ash and the calcium oxide, and then adding the prepared aqueous solution or the standard solution into the mixture to obtain a fly ash raw material;
s2: preheating the fly ash raw material to above 90 ℃ through a powder flow heat exchanger a, wherein the preheating medium is hot water, conveying the preheated fly ash raw material into a tunnel kiln for static calcination, the calcination temperature in the tunnel kiln is 800-1250 ℃, the calcination time is controlled within 30-150 min, cooling to 480-500 ℃ through a grate cooler after calcination, and exchanging heat with water through a powder flow heat exchanger b, when the temperature is reduced to below 60 ℃, hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b can be used in places needing hot water, such as rain or heating, and the like, low-temperature water in the heating process can be returned to the powder flow heat exchanger b for continuous cooling, the hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b can also be returned to the powder flow heat exchanger a as a preheating medium, the solid coming from the powder flow heat exchanger b is fly ash clinker, and the water coming from the powder flow heat exchanger a can be sent to the powder flow heat exchanger b as a cooling medium;
s3: weighing the mass of the prepared fly ash clinker, and weighing selenium-rich humic acid according to the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to the selenium-rich humic acid of 1: 0.5;
mixing the fly ash clinker and the selenium-rich humic acid, hydrating at normal temperature, and packaging and leaving the factory.
The fineness and the content of the raw materials are required: the fly ash meets the III-level regulation in Table 1 of GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete; the calcium carbonate meets the qualification provisions in the table 1 of HG/T2567-2006 industrial activity precipitated calcium carbonate; the calcium oxide meets the IV index requirements in the table 1 of HG/T4205-2011 industrial calcium oxide; sodium carbonate meets GB210.1-2004 Industrial sodium carbonate and test method part 1: industrial sodium carbonate "in Table 1 the provisions of II type of qualified products; the potassium carbonate meets the specification of I type qualified products in the interior table 1 of GB/T1587-2016 industrial potassium carbonate; the sodium carbonate standard solution meets the regulation of GB/T601-2016 (preparation of chemical reagent standard titration solution)' in 4.4.1, and the potassium carbonate standard solution is prepared according to the sodium carbonate standard solution. The above standards are subject to the latest year edition.
Example 6
A preparation method of a fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing 100kg of fly ash, 100kg of calcium oxide, 50kg of sodium carbonate and 50kg of potassium carbonate, preparing the sodium carbonate and the potassium carbonate into an aqueous solution or a standard solution, uniformly mixing the fly ash and the calcium oxide, and then adding the prepared aqueous solution or the standard solution into the mixture to obtain a fly ash raw material;
s2: preheating the fly ash raw material to above 90 ℃ through a powder flow heat exchanger a, wherein the preheating medium is hot water, conveying the preheated fly ash raw material into a tunnel kiln for static calcination, the calcination temperature in the tunnel kiln is 800-1250 ℃, the calcination time is controlled within 30-150 min, cooling to 480-500 ℃ through a grate cooler after calcination, and exchanging heat with water through a powder flow heat exchanger b, when the temperature is reduced to below 60 ℃, hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b can be used in places needing hot water, such as rain or heating, and the like, low-temperature water in the heating process can be returned to the powder flow heat exchanger b for continuous cooling, the hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b can also be returned to the powder flow heat exchanger a as a preheating medium, the solid coming from the powder flow heat exchanger b is fly ash clinker, and the water coming from the powder flow heat exchanger a can be sent to the powder flow heat exchanger b as a cooling medium;
s3: weighing the mass of the prepared fly ash clinker, and weighing selenium-rich humic acid and sodium selenite according to the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to the selenium-rich humic acid to the sodium selenite of 1:0.5: 0.001;
mixing the fly ash clinker, the selenium-rich humic acid and the sodium selenite, hydrating at normal temperature, and packaging and leaving the factory.
The fineness and the content of the raw materials are required: the fly ash meets the III-level regulation in Table 1 of GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete; the calcium carbonate meets the qualification provisions in the table 1 of HG/T2567-2006 industrial activity precipitated calcium carbonate; the calcium oxide meets the IV index requirements in the table 1 of HG/T4205-2011 industrial calcium oxide; sodium carbonate meets GB210.1-2004 Industrial sodium carbonate and test method part 1: industrial sodium carbonate "in Table 1 the provisions of II type of qualified products; the potassium carbonate meets the specification of I type qualified products in the interior table 1 of GB/T1587-2016 industrial potassium carbonate; the sodium carbonate standard solution meets the regulation of 4.4.1 in GB/T601-2016 preparation of chemical reagent standard titration solution, and the potassium carbonate standard solution is prepared according to the sodium carbonate standard solution. The above standards are subject to the latest year edition.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 3, a preparation method of a fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing 100kg of fly ash, 100kg of calcium oxide, 50kg of sodium carbonate and 50kg of potassium carbonate, and uniformly mixing the fly ash and the calcium carbonate to obtain a fly ash raw material; mixing sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate and preparing into an aqueous solution or a standard solution;
s2: homogenizing the fly ash raw material, uniformly spraying a prepared water solution or a standard solution into the fly ash raw material, preparing spherical particles with the diameter of 1-3 cm by using a ball making machine, preheating the spherical particles by using a preheating decomposer to ensure that the temperature reaches 500-850 ℃, inputting the spherical particles into a rotary kiln for dynamic calcination, controlling the temperature in the rotary kiln to be 800-1250 ℃, controlling the calcination time to be 30-150 min, outputting the spherical particles, cooling the spherical particles to 65-70 ℃ by using a grate cooler, and obtaining fly ash clinker, wherein a heating heat source in the rotary kiln and a heat source in the preheating decomposer are both provided by a fuel coal powder system, flue gas ventilated in the preheating decomposer is subjected to dust removal treatment, and then flue gas left after ventilation in the grate cooler is introduced into a waste heat recovery system for heat recovery;
s3: weighing the mass of the prepared fly ash clinker, and weighing humic acid, humic soil and cured pig manure according to the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to the humic acid to the humic soil to the cured pig manure of 1:0.35:0.25: 0.4;
mixing the fly ash clinker, humic acid, humus soil and cured pig manure, hydrating at normal temperature, and packaging and leaving the factory.
In this example, calcium carbonate may be used instead of calcium oxide, and the mass of calcium carbonate is 140 kg.
The fineness and the content of the raw materials are required: the fly ash meets the III-level regulation in Table 1 of GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete; the calcium carbonate meets the qualification specification in the table 1 of HG/T2567-2006 Industrial active precipitated calcium carbonate; the calcium oxide meets the IV index requirements in the table 1 of HG/T4205-2011 industrial calcium oxide; sodium carbonate meets GB210.1-2004 Industrial sodium carbonate and test method part 1: industrial sodium carbonate "in Table 1 the provisions of II type of qualified products; the potassium carbonate meets the specification of I type qualified products in the interior table 1 of GB/T1587-2016 industrial potassium carbonate; the sodium carbonate standard solution meets the regulation of 4.4.1 in GB/T601-2016 preparation of chemical reagent standard titration solution, and the potassium carbonate standard solution is prepared according to the sodium carbonate standard solution. The above standards are subject to the latest year edition.
Example 8
As shown in figure 2, the preparation method of the fly ash-based soil conditioning water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing 120kg of calcium carbonate and 100kg of fly ash to obtain a fly ash raw material;
s2: preheating the fly ash raw material to be above 90 ℃ through a powder flow heat exchanger a, wherein a heat exchange medium is water, conveying the preheated fly ash into a tunnel kiln for static calcination, controlling the calcination temperature in the tunnel kiln to be 800-1250 ℃, controlling the calcination time to be within 30-150 min, cooling to be 480-500 ℃ through a grate cooler after calcination, and then exchanging heat with water through a powder flow heat exchanger b to reduce the temperature to be below 60 ℃; the hot water from the powder flow heat exchanger b can be used for showering or heating and other places needing hot water, the low-temperature return water for heating can return to the powder flow heat exchanger b for continuous heat exchange, the hot water from the powder flow heat exchanger b is returned to the powder flow heat exchanger a to be used as a preheating heat source, the solid from the powder flow heat exchanger b is pulverized fuel ash clinker, and the low-temperature water from the fluid flow heat exchanger a is sent to the powder flow heat exchanger b to be used as a cooling medium.
S3: weighing the mass of the prepared fly ash clinker, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to humic acid to humus soil to cured pig manure is 1: 0.2: 0.15: 0.15, weighing humic acid, humus soil and cured pig manure;
mixing the fly ash clinker, humic acid, humus soil and cured pig manure, hydrating at normal temperature, and packaging and leaving the factory.
Example 9
A preparation method of a fly ash-based soil conditioning water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing 0.1kg of sodium carbonate and 1kg of potassium carbonate to prepare an aqueous solution or a standard solution;
uniformly mixing 45kg of calcium oxide and 100kg of fly ash, and then uniformly spraying a prepared aqueous solution or standard solution to the mixture to obtain a fly ash raw material;
s2: preheating the fly ash raw material to above 90 ℃ through a powder flow heat exchanger a, wherein the heat exchange medium is water, conveying the preheated fly ash raw material into a tunnel kiln for static calcination, controlling the calcination temperature in the tunnel kiln to be 800-1250 ℃, controlling the calcination time to be within 30-150 min, cooling to 480-500 ℃ through a grate cooler after calcination, and exchanging heat with water through a powder flow heat exchanger b, the temperature is reduced to below 60 ℃ (hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b can be used in places needing hot water such as showering or heating, low-temperature return water for heating can be returned to the powder flow heat exchanger b for continuous heat exchange), the hot water exchanged from the powder flow heat exchanger b is returned to the powder flow heat exchanger a to be used as a preheating heat source, solid coming from the powder flow heat exchanger b is pulverized fuel ash clinker, and low-temperature water coming from the fluid flow heat exchanger a is sent to the powder flow heat exchanger b to be used as a cooling medium.
S3: weighing the mass of the prepared fly ash clinker, and weighing selenium-rich humic acid and sodium selenite according to the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to the selenium-rich humic acid to the sodium selenite of 1:0.5: 0.0008;
mixing the fly ash clinker, the selenium-rich humic acid and the sodium selenite, hydrating at normal temperature, and packaging and leaving the factory.
Example 10
As shown in figure 3, the preparation method of the fly ash-based soil conditioning water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing 100kg of fly ash and 120kg of calcium carbonate, mixing 0.1kg of sodium carbonate and 1kg of potassium carbonate to prepare an aqueous solution or a standard solution, and uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain a fly ash raw material;
s2: homogenizing the fly ash raw material, preheating the fly ash raw material by a preheating decomposer to reach the temperature of 500-850 ℃, inputting the fly ash raw material into a rotary kiln for dynamic calcination, controlling the temperature in the rotary kiln to be 800-1250 ℃, calcining for 30-150 min, outputting the fly ash raw material, cooling the fly ash raw material by a grate cooler to 65-70 ℃ to obtain fly ash clinker, wherein a heating heat source in the rotary kiln and a heat source in the preheating decomposer are both provided by a fuel coal powder system, dedusting smoke after air exchange in the preheating decomposer, and introducing the smoke left after air exchange in the grate cooler into a waste heat recovery system for heat recovery;
s3: weighing the mass of the prepared fly ash clinker, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to humic acid to humus soil to cured pig manure is 1:0.1: 0.1: 0.1, weighing humic acid, humus soil and cured pig manure;
mixing the fly ash clinker, humic acid, humus soil and cured pig manure, hydrating at normal temperature, and packaging and leaving the factory.
Example 11
A preparation method of a fly ash-based soil conditioning water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing 100kg of fly ash and 120kg of calcium carbonate, and uniformly mixing to obtain a fly ash raw material;
s2: homogenizing the fly ash raw material, preheating the fly ash raw material by a preheating decomposer to reach the temperature of 500-850 ℃, inputting the fly ash raw material into a rotary kiln for dynamic calcination, controlling the temperature in the rotary kiln to be 800-1250 ℃, calcining for 30-150 min, outputting the fly ash raw material, cooling the fly ash raw material by a grate cooler to 65-70 ℃ to obtain fly ash clinker, wherein a heating heat source in the rotary kiln and a heat source in the preheating decomposer are both provided by a fuel coal powder system, dedusting smoke after air exchange in the preheating decomposer, and introducing the smoke left after air exchange in the grate cooler into a waste heat recovery system for heat recovery;
s3: weighing the mass of the prepared fly ash clinker, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to humic acid to humus soil to cured pig manure is 1:0.1: 0.1: 0.1, weighing humic acid, humus soil and cured pig manure;
mixing the fly ash clinker, humic acid, humus soil and cured pig manure, hydrating at normal temperature, and packaging and leaving the factory.
Experimental case
Case 1
Winter wheat field test
Experiments for planting winter wheat were carried out in 2018, 10-2019, 6 months. In 2019, 4 months and 1 day to 4 months and 30 days, the soil is brown soil, and in a pond cultivation experiment, the soil meets the growth and development requirements of crops and has a medium soil fertility level. The method is characterized in that the seeds are sown in 2018, 10 months and 10 days, and winter wheat variety Jimai No. 22 is bred by crops of agricultural academy of Shandong province and provided by Wuyue Taishan mountain variety company in Taian City of Shandong province, and the experimental site is a pond planting experimental area (with a rain-proof shed) of an agricultural experimental station of Shandong agricultural university.
Experimental groups: spreading the fertilizer before ploughing in 2018 and 10 months, wherein the using amount is 50 kg/mu, the soil level is 0-30 cm, measuring the relative water content of the soil, and drying; the fly ash-based soil water-retention conditioner provided by the invention detects the depth of 20 cm around the root system of the winter wheat in 4 months and 1 day. The control group was not applied with the fly ash-based soil water-retention conditioner of the present invention. The results of the relative humidity of 0-30 cm soil are shown in Table 1,
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the fly ash-based soil water-retention conditioner can keep 61% of the relative soil content of a 0-30 cm plough layer in a 30-day scene without effective precipitation, the relative soil content of a control group is only 50%, particularly in the first week of detection, the relative soil water content of an experimental group is 76% and the relative soil water content of the control group is 70%; in the second week, it was more evident that the experimental group was 73%, the control group was 60%, 4 months and 30 days, the experimental group was 61%, and the control group was 50%. The relative humidity of soil in the experimental group is more than 60%, and the water requirement of normal growth and development of crops can be well maintained. The agronomic traits are shown in Table 2,
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the height of the plant in the experimental group is 6.9cm higher than that of the plant in the control group at 4 months and 30 days, the increase is 16.63 percent, the number of grains per plant in each plant at 6 months and 10 days is 4.8, the thousand grain weight is 2.8 g, and the cell conversion yield is increased by 5.5-6.7 percent; thus being beneficial to increasing the yield.
Case 2
Field test of summer maize
The summer corn planting experiment is carried out for 5 days in 5 months in 2018 to 30 days in 6 months in 2018, and for 5 days in 5 months in 2019 to 30 days in 6 months in 2019, and the results are the average value of two years after two years of experiment. The soil is brown loam, the pond cultivation experiment shows that the soil meets the growth and development requirements of crops, the soil is at a medium soil fertility level, the seeds are sown 5 months and 5 days in the last year, the summer corn variety Zhengdan 958 is selected and bred by crops of agricultural academy in Henan province, provided by Taishan mountain planting company in Tai city in Wuyue of Taian city in Shandong province, and the experiment site is a pond cultivation test area (with a rain-proof shed) of an agricultural experiment station of Shandong university of agriculture.
Experimental groups: spreading the fertilizer before ploughing, wherein the using amount is 50 kilograms per mu, the soil level is 0-30 centimeters, measuring the relative water content of the soil, and drying; the coal ash-based soil water-retaining conditioner provided by the invention detects the depth of 30 cm around the root system of summer corn in 6 months and 1 day. The control group was a soil water retention/conditioning agent (fly ash base) to which the present invention was not applied. The average results of 0-30 cm soil relative humidity for two years are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
As can be seen from table 3, the experimental group can keep the relative soil content of 0-30 cm plough layer 64% and the control group is only 51% under the condition of no effective precipitation for 30 days, and in the first week of detection, the relative soil water content of the experimental group is 79% and the relative soil water content of the control group is 72%; in the second week, it was more evident that the test group was 75%, the control group was 63%, 6 months and 30 days, the test group was 64%, and the control group was 51%. The relative humidity of soil in the experimental group is more than 64%, and the water requirement of normal growth and development of crops can be well ensured. Harvest at 9 months and 10 days maturity, test seeds indoors, and two-year average results are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4
| Item | Height of adult plant (cm) | Fruit spike length (cm) | Ear row number | Number of lines (grain) | Thousand Kernel weight (g) |
| Experimental group | 255 | 24 | 17 | 38.5 | 350 |
| Control group | 240 | 20 | 15 | 37 | 330 |
As can be seen from Table 4, the yield of the experimental group is increased by 11-14.5% compared with that of the control group, which indicates that the fly ash-based soil water-retention conditioner is beneficial to increasing the yield.
The invention is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other various forms of products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in shape or structure thereof, which fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims, fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner is characterized by comprising fly ash clinker and a soil mineral type conditioner, wherein the fly ash clinker is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass through a calcination process;
the mass ratio of the fly ash to the calcium oxide or calcium carbonate to the sodium carbonate to the potassium carbonate is as follows: 1: (0.4-1) or (0.45-1.4): (0.01-0.5): (0.1 to 0.5);
wherein: the sodium carbonate and the potassium carbonate are both prepared into aqueous solution or standard solution for use;
the soil mineral type conditioner comprises humic acid, humus soil and cured pig manure;
the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to the humus soil to the humic acid to the cured pig manure is as follows: 1: (0.1-0.35): (0.05-0.25): (0.1-0.4).
2. The fly ash-based soil water-retention conditioner according to claim 1, further comprising selenium-rich humic acid and sodium selenite, wherein the mass ratio of the fly ash clinker to the selenium-rich humic acid to the sodium selenite is as follows: 1:0.5: (0-0.0016).
3. The preparation method of the fly ash-based soil water retention conditioner according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: weighing fly ash, calcium oxide or calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate according to the mass, wherein the sodium carbonate and the potassium carbonate are prepared into an aqueous solution or a standard solution of the fly ash, the calcium oxide or the calcium carbonate, the sodium carbonate and the potassium carbonate;
s2: mixing the raw materials in the step S1, and calcining at 800-1250 ℃ to obtain a fly ash clinker;
s3: weighing and mixing the fly ash clinker, the humic acid, the humus soil and the cured pig manure, hydrating at normal temperature after mixing, and packaging for delivery.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the calcination in step S2 is performed by a static calcination method, which comprises:
and (4) mixing the raw materials in the step (S1), preheating, performing static calcination when the preheating temperature reaches above 90 ℃, wherein the calcination temperature is 800-1250 ℃, the calcination time is 30-150 min, and then performing a cooling process to obtain the fly ash clinker after cooling to below 60 ℃.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the cooling process is specifically: the temperature is reduced to 480-500 ℃ through a grate cooler, and then the powder flow heat exchanger is utilized to exchange heat with water and is cooled to below 60 ℃.
6. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the calcination in step S2 is performed by a dynamic calcination method, which comprises:
and respectively spraying aqueous solution or standard solution of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate on the mixture of fly ash, calcium oxide or calcium carbonate, then processing the mixture into balls through a ball making process, preheating the balls to 500-850 ℃, dynamically calcining the balls at 800-1250 ℃ for 30-150 min, then cooling the balls to 65-70 ℃ to obtain the fly ash clinker.
7. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the calcination in step S2 is performed by a dynamic calcination method, which comprises:
and (2) directly mixing the respective aqueous solution or standard solution of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate with the fly ash, calcium oxide or calcium carbonate, uniformly stirring, preheating at 500-850 ℃, dynamically calcining at 800-1250 ℃ for 30-150 min, cooling to 65-70 ℃ to obtain the fly ash clinker.
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