CN110693923A - Production area initial processing technology of Yunnan white lucid ganoderma - Google Patents
Production area initial processing technology of Yunnan white lucid ganoderma Download PDFInfo
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- CN110693923A CN110693923A CN201911097896.9A CN201911097896A CN110693923A CN 110693923 A CN110693923 A CN 110693923A CN 201911097896 A CN201911097896 A CN 201911097896A CN 110693923 A CN110693923 A CN 110693923A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
- A61K36/07—Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
- A61K36/074—Ganoderma
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/13—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving cleaning, e.g. washing or peeling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/17—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving drying, e.g. sun-drying or wilting
Abstract
The invention discloses a primary processing technology of a Yunnan white lucid ganoderma in a producing place, which comprises the following steps of a, harvesting fresh Yunnan white lucid ganoderma in time, and timely cleaning and selecting (removing impurities, rotten parts and the like), b, drying in the shade or drying (the temperature is less than or equal to 50 ℃) until the water content of sporocarp is less than or equal to 17%, c, grading according to the diameter of the sporocarp after drying, wherein the first grade (the diameter is more than 10 cm), the second grade (the diameter is 5cm ~ 10 cm), the third grade (the diameter is less than 5 cm), and the mushroom pulp is pure white, and d, packaging, namely, dry and clean gunny bags are sequentially packed according to grades.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural product processing, and particularly relates to a production place processing technology of Yunnan white lucid ganoderma.
Background
The Yunnan white Ganoderma is white Ganoderma obtained from the field by Yunnan province academy of agricultural sciences (Ganoderma lucidum)Ganoderma leucocontextumT.H. Li, W.Q. Deng, Sheng H. Wu, Dong M. Wang&H.P. Hu) sporocarp and spore, obtaining Yunnan white ganoderma fruiting strain by screening through a monospore hybridization technology, preferably selecting artificially cultivated sporocarp to carry out natural system breeding, and obtaining a variety with strong stability, high metabolic capability and good safety after 5 years of cultivation, and obtaining an authorized patent 'Yunnan white ganoderma sporocarp artificially cultivated and a cultivation method thereof'. The white-flesh lucid ganoderma is mainly distributed in Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places, naturally grows in the area with the altitude of more than 2500 m, has unique shape and pure white flesh, and is an important lucid ganoderma species in the southwest area of China. Due to the obvious food therapy health care function, higher economic value and unique growth environment, the cultivation area of the Yunnan white lucid ganoderma is continuously increased, the yield is increased year by year, and the method becomes a way for deairing and enriching in the high and cold mountainous areas in the southwest of China. If the Yunnan white lucid ganoderma is not dried in time after being picked, the phenomena of spoilage, browning, worm damage and the like which seriously affect the appearance and the quality are easily caused, and the edible value and the economic value are seriously affected. Due to the lack of efficient and excellent processing technology, the quality of the Yunnan white lucid ganoderma on the market is uneven, so that the corresponding economic value cannot be reached, and the development of the whole Yunnan white lucid ganoderma industry can be influenced in the past.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a production place primary processing technology of Yunnan white lucid ganoderma, which is realized by the following steps:
a. collecting fresh Yunnan white Ganoderma in time, and timely cleaning (removing impurities, cutting off lower stipe attached with rotten wood, silt or culture medium, and discarding harmful parts such as rot and pathological changes);
b. drying, namely drying in the shade (spreading on a shade drying rack, keeping ventilation in the shade drying room, turning frequently, and drying in the shade until the water content is less than or equal to 17%), or drying (spreading on a drying rack, baking at 40 ~ 50 ℃ to less than or equal to 17%, and drying at the temperature of not more than 50 ℃);
c. drying, and grading according to fruiting body diameter, wherein the diameter is first grade (diameter >10 cm), second grade (diameter 5cm ~ 10 cm), and third grade (diameter <5 cm);
d. packaging: dry, clean and odorless sacks are selected and sequentially shaped and packaged according to grades.
Wherein the Ganoderma yunnanense is Ganoderma sinense (Ganodermataceae) of PolyporaceaeGanoderma leucocontextumT.H. Li, W.Q. Deng, Sheng H. Wu, Dong M. Wang&H.p. Hu) fresh.
And c, the timely harvesting period of the Yunnan white lucid ganoderma in the step a is 7 ~ 9 months, and the optimal harvesting period is 8 months.
Wherein, the water content of the dried Yunnan white lucid ganoderma in the step b is less than or equal to 17 percent, the maximum drying temperature is not more than 50 ℃, and the optimal temperature is 50 ℃.
Wherein, the appearance of the full-dry state in the step b is judged to be that the surface gloss is enhanced, the color of the mushroom flesh is deepened, and the mushroom flesh is easy to break.
Wherein, the grading in the step c is based on the diameter of the sporocarp, and is divided into a first grade (the diameter is more than 10 cm), a second grade (the diameter is 5cm ~ 10 cm) and a third grade (the diameter is less than 5 cm).
According to the characteristics and market demands of the Yunnan white lucid ganoderma, the Yunnan white lucid ganoderma is dried and graded, so that the edible value and the economic value of the Yunnan white lucid ganoderma can be obviously improved, the income of farmers is increased, and the economic development of alpine mountain areas is facilitated.
The production area processing technology provided by the invention not only saves cost, but also improves the quality of the Yunnan white lucid ganoderma, is beneficial to fully playing the unique geographical characteristics of alpine mountain areas and promotes the sustainable development of the Yunnan white lucid ganoderma industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first stage: diameter >10 cm
Second-order in FIG. 2, diameter 5cm ~ 10cm
FIG. 3 is a third stage: diameter < 5cm
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples. This should not be understood as limiting the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention to the following examples. All the technologies realized based on the above contents of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.
Example 1: spreading Yunnan white Ganoderma collected in 8 months on a shade drying rack, keeping ventilation in the shade drying room, turning often, and drying in shade until the water content is less than or equal to 17%. Obtaining the dry Yunnan white lucid ganoderma product. The detection shows that the content of triterpene and sterol in the dried white lucid ganoderma is 1.71 +/-0.05 percent, and the content of polysaccharide is 1.10 +/-0.22 percent.
Example 2: spreading Yunnan white Ganoderma collected in 8 months, drying at 40 deg.C until water content is less than or equal to 17%. Obtaining the dry Yunnan white lucid ganoderma product. The detection shows that the content of triterpenes and sterols in the dried white lucid ganoderma product is 1.60 +/-0.08 percent, and the content of polysaccharides in the dried white lucid ganoderma product is 1.02 +/-0.06 percent.
Example 3: spreading Yunnan white Ganoderma collected in 8 months, drying at 50 deg.C until water content is less than 17%. Obtaining the dry Yunnan white lucid ganoderma product. The content of triterpene and sterol in the dried white lucid ganoderma is detected to be 1.74 +/-0.06 percent, and the content of polysaccharide is detected to be 1.18 +/-0.11 percent.
Example 4: difference of effective ingredient content of Yunnan white lucid ganoderma in different harvesting periods
The Yunnan white ganoderma lucidum sample is provided by a biotechnology and germplasm resource research institute of the Yunnan province academy of agricultural sciences, and the samples are reserved and stored in an agricultural product processing research institute of the Yunnan province academy of agricultural sciences.
Referring to the method of pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition, the content of effective components (triterpene, sterol and polysaccharide) in the mythic fungus is detected, and the result shows that the polysaccharide content in the mythic fungus harvested in 8 months is the highest (1.18%), the content of triterpene and sterol (1.74%) is only 0.05% less than that in 11 months, and no significant difference exists, so that 8 months are determined as the optimal harvesting period (the result is shown in table 1).
TABLE 1 effective component content of Yunnan white Ganoderma lucidum at different harvest time
| Numbering | Name of article | Harvesting period | Drying temperature (. degree.C.) | Producing area | Triterpene and sterol (%) | Polysaccharide (%) |
| 1 | Yunnan white glossy ganoderma | 7 month | 50 | Yunnan province | 1.36±0.060 | 0.82±0.14 |
| 2 | Yunnan white glossy ganoderma | 8 month | 50 | Yunnan province | 1.74±0.077 | 1.18±0.12 |
| 3 | Yunnan white glossy ganoderma | 9 month | 50 | Yunnan province | 1.72±0.021 | 1.16±0.20 |
| 4 | Yunnan white glossy ganoderma | 10 month | 50 | Yunnan province | 1.75±0.042 | 1.13±0.33 |
| 5 | Yunnan white glossy ganoderma | 11 month | 50 | Yunnan province | 1.79±0.035 | 1.06±0.11 |
Example 5: influence of different drying modes and temperatures on quality of Yunnan white lucid ganoderma
The fresh samples of the Yunnan white lucid ganoderma are provided by the institute of biotechnology and germplasm resources of the Yunnan province academy of agricultural sciences, the samples are reserved and stored in the institute of agricultural product processing of the Yunnan province academy of agricultural sciences.
According to the method of pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition, the content of effective components (triterpene, sterol and polysaccharide) in ganoderma lucidum is detected on Yunnan white ganoderma lucidum with different drying modes and temperatures (the result is shown in table 2), the results show that the drying mode and the temperature influence the content of the effective components (triterpene, sterol and polysaccharide), wherein the content of triterpene and sterol is the highest (1.74%) and the content of polysaccharide is the highest (1.18%) at 50 ℃; the second way of drying in the shade, triterpene and sterol (1.71%), polysaccharide (1.10%).
TABLE 2 measurement results of triterpene, sterol and polysaccharide contents of Ganoderma yunnanensis with different drying modes and temperatures
| Numbering | Drying/(. degree.C.) | Producing area | Triterpene and sterol (%) | Polysaccharide (%) |
| 1 | Drying in the shade | Yunnan province | 1.71±0.05 | 1.10±0.22 |
| 2 | Dried in the sun | Yunnan province | 1.31±0.06 | 0.86±0.10 |
| 3 | 30 | Yunnan province | 1.48±0.01 | 1.01±0.16 |
| 4 | 40 | Yunnan province | 1.60±0.08 | 1.02±0.06 |
| 5 | 50 | Yunnan province | 1.74±0.06 | 1.18±0.11 |
| 6 | 60 | Yunnan province | 1.55±0.04 | 0.78±0.24 |
| 7 | 70 | Yunnan province | 1.52±0.07 | 0.69±0.14 |
| 8 | 80 | Yunnan province | 1.54±0.09 | 0.60±0.17 |
| 9 | 90 | Yunnan province | 1.41±0.16 | 0.62±0.11 |
Example 6: grading of Yunnan white lucid ganoderma
Drying, and grading according to fruiting body diameter, wherein the first grade (diameter >10 cm) is shown in figure 1, the second grade (diameter 5cm ~ 10 cm) is shown in figure 2, and the third grade (diameter <5 cm) is shown in figure 3.
Example 7: quality research of different grades of Yunnan white lucid ganoderma
The fresh samples of the Yunnan white lucid ganoderma are provided by the institute of biotechnology and germplasm resources of the Yunnan province academy of agricultural sciences, the samples are reserved and stored in the institute of agricultural product processing of the Yunnan province academy of agricultural sciences.
According to the method of pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition, the content of effective components (triterpene, sterol and polysaccharide) in ganoderma lucidum is detected for different grades of mythic fungus (the result is shown in table 3), the result shows that the effective components (triterpene, sterol and polysaccharide) of each grade of mythic fungus are obviously different, wherein the content of the triterpene and sterol in the first grade is the highest (2.41%) and the content of the polysaccharide is the highest (1.59%); the third grade product is lowest, namely triterpene and sterol (0.76%) and polysaccharide (0.65%).
TABLE 3 determination results of triterpene, sterol and polysaccharide contents of Yunnan white Ganoderma lucidum of different grades
| Numbering | Drying/(. degree.C.) | Producing area | Triterpene and sterol (%) | Polysaccharide (%) |
| First stage | 50 | Yunnan province | 2.41±0.07 | 1.59±0.24 |
| Second stage | 50 | Yunnan province | 1.65±0.06 | 1.12±0.21 |
| Three-stage | 50 | Yunnan province | 0.76±0.13 | 0.65±0.26 |
Claims (6)
1. A primary processing technology of Yunnan white lucid ganoderma in producing areas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. collecting fresh Yunnan white Ganoderma in time, and timely cleaning (removing impurities, cutting off lower stipe attached with rotten wood, silt or culture medium, and discarding harmful parts such as rot and pathological changes);
b. drying in the shade (spreading on a shade drying rack, keeping ventilation in the shade drying room, turning frequently, and drying in the shade until the water content is less than or equal to 17%), or drying (spreading on a drying rack, baking at 40 ~ 50 deg.C to reach the water content of less than or equal to 17%, and drying at a temperature of no more than 50 deg.C)
c. Drying, and grading according to fruiting body diameter, wherein the diameter is first grade (diameter >10 cm), second grade (diameter 5cm ~ 10 cm), and third grade (diameter <5 cm);
d. packaging: dry, clean and odorless sacks are selected and sequentially shaped and packaged according to grades.
2. The primary production area processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Ganoderma lucidum is Ganoderma lucidum belonging to PolyporaceaeGanoderma leucocontextumT.H. Li, W.Q. Deng, Sheng H. Wu, DongM. Wang&H.p. Hu) fresh.
3. The initial processing technology of producing area according to claim 1, wherein the timely harvest time of the Yunnan white ganoderma lucidum in step a is 7 ~ 9 months, and the optimal harvest time is 8 months.
4. The primary production area processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: b, the water content of the dried Yunnan white lucid ganoderma is less than or equal to 17 percent, the maximum drying temperature is not more than 50 ℃, and the optimal temperature is 50 ℃.
5. The primary production area processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: b, judging the appearance of the full-dry state in the step b to be that the surface gloss is enhanced, the color of the mushroom flesh is deepened, and the mushroom flesh is easy to break.
6. The primary processing technology of origin according to claim 1, wherein the classification in step c is based on the diameter of fruiting body, and is divided into primary (diameter >10 cm), secondary (diameter 5cm ~ 10 cm) and tertiary (diameter <5 cm).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113122458A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-07-16 | 广东省科学院微生物研究所(广东省微生物分析检测中心) | Ganoderma leucocontextum Z160097 and cultivation method and application thereof |
| CN114766285A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-22 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Ganoderma leucocontextum strain L4495 and cultivation method and application thereof |
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| CN106434368A (en) * | 2016-09-24 | 2017-02-22 | 云南福保农业科技开发有限公司 | Culture method of ganoderma leucocontextum liquid strain |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113122458A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2021-07-16 | 广东省科学院微生物研究所(广东省微生物分析检测中心) | Ganoderma leucocontextum Z160097 and cultivation method and application thereof |
| CN114766285A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-22 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Ganoderma leucocontextum strain L4495 and cultivation method and application thereof |
| CN114766285B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2023-10-27 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Ganoderma lucidum strain L4495 and cultivation method and application thereof |
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