CN110692625A - Environment-friendly fungus preservation solution and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly fungus preservation solution and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
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Abstract
The invention provides an environment-friendly fungus preservation solution which is prepared from the following raw materials: traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract, vitamin C, stabilizer, fixative, glycerol, acetic acid and deionized water; the pH value of the environment-friendly fungus preservation solution is between 3.8 and 4.2. According to the invention, by adding the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract, the aqueous extract obtained by combining the antibacterial traditional Chinese medicines has a good effect of killing bacteria, has a broad-spectrum and efficient effect, has little power on fungi, and is suitable for being used as a preservation solution additive of the fungi.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fungus preservation, in particular to an environment-friendly fungus preserving fluid and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The natural fungi have various types, and many types can form sporocarp, the shape of the sporocarp is complex, the shape of the sporocarp is different due to different fungi, and the sporocarp has an umbrella shape, a pen shape, a head shape, an ear shape, a tongue shape, a ball shape, a flower shape, a tree shape and the like, wherein most of the natural fungi belong to the types of external umbrella-shaped fungi, and are often called as agaricus, such as Ceriporiopsidae, amanitaceae, Agaricus campestris and the like; a small number of non-umbrella-shaped porous fungi and ascomycetes belong to Auricularia, Lasiosphaera, Morchella, Clavicipitaceae, etc.
The preservation method of the fungus fruiting body specimen mainly comprises two methods, one method is a traditional dry specimen preservation method, after the specimen is dried, the shape change of the fruiting body is large, the shape and the color change of the fruiting body are obvious, and the specimen is easy to be damaged by worms or mildewed, so that the specimen preservation or the subsequent research is not facilitated; in another method, preservation is carried out by adopting preservation solution, mainly formaldehyde solution, the shape of the fungus fruiting body is basically not changed, and the specimen is preserved better. The solution for soaking the fungus sporocarp into the specimen is mainly formaldehyde solution, but formaldehyde is volatile and can be oxidized and polymerized to precipitate, so that the concentration is reduced, the specimen is not favorably stored, the important factor is that the solution has a large toxic effect on a human body, and the preparation of the specimen preservation solution which can preserve the fungus sporocarp specimen for a long time and is safe and nontoxic is particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an environment-friendly fungus preservation solution and a preparation method thereof, and aims to provide the environment-friendly fungus preservation solution.
The invention provides an environment-friendly fungus preservation solution which is prepared from the following raw materials: traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract, vitamin C, stabilizer, fixative, glycerol, acetic acid and deionized water; the pH value of the environment-friendly fungus preservation solution is between 3.8 and 4.2.
As a further improvement of the invention, the health-care food is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract, 2-7 parts of vitamin C, 1-3 parts of stabilizer, 1-2 parts of fixative, 10-20 parts of glycerol, a proper amount of acetic acid and 100 parts of deionized water, wherein the acetic acid is used for adjusting the pH value of the preservation solution.
As a further improvement of the invention, the health-care food is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract, 3-6 parts of vitamin C, 2-3 parts of stabilizer, 1.2-1.7 parts of fixative, 12-18 parts of glycerol, a proper amount of acetic acid and 130 parts of deionized water, wherein the acetic acid is used for adjusting the pH value of the preservation solution.
As a further improvement of the invention, the health-care food is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3.2 parts of traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract, 5 parts of vitamin C, 2.4 parts of stabilizing agent, 1.5 parts of fixing agent, 16 parts of glycerol, a proper amount of acetic acid and 125 parts of deionized water, wherein the acetic acid is used for adjusting the pH value of the preservation solution.
As a further improvement of the invention, the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract is prepared from the following raw materials: galla chinensis, radix Isatidis, herba Taraxaci, bupleuri radix, hispid Fig, fructus forsythiae, Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, rhizoma Atractylodis, herba Lagotis and radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii.
As a further improvement of the invention, the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of gallnut, 10-15 parts of isatis root, 5-15 parts of dandelion, 5-10 parts of radix bupleuri, 10-15 parts of hispid fig, 10-15 parts of fructus forsythiae, 5-10 parts of fritillaria, 10-15 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 5-10 parts of lagotis and 5-15 parts of aconitum kusnezoffii.
As a further improvement of the invention, the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract is prepared by the following method: weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, cleaning, drying, crushing, uniformly mixing, soaking in deionized water according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, extracting for 1-2h by microwave heating at 500-700W, filtering, and concentrating the liquid by reduced pressure distillation until the density is 1.2-1.5g/cm3To obtain the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract.
As a further improvement of the invention, the stabilizer is selected from MgSO4、NaCl、MgCl2One or more of mannitol, sorbitol or sucrose.
As a further improvement of the invention, the fixing agent is selected from one or more of glutaraldehyde, acrolein, tannic acid or potassium permanganate.
The invention further provides a method for preparing the environment-friendly fungus preservation solution, which comprises the following steps: dissolving the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract and vitamin C in deionized water, adding a stabilizer, a fixing agent and glycerol, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, and then dropwise adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 3.8-4.2.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, by adding the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract, the aqueous extract obtained by the combined antibacterial traditional Chinese medicine has a good effect of killing bacteria, has a broad-spectrum and efficient effect, but has little power on fungi, and is suitable for being used as a preservation solution additive of the fungi;
according to the invention, by adding the stabilizer and the fixing agent, the form of the fungi is effectively kept unchanged, the later-stage research work is facilitated, meanwhile, no toxic volatile substance is added into the preservation solution, environment-friendly water is used as a solvent, the use is safe, no toxic or side effect is caused, the preservation and the storage are convenient, and the application prospect is wide.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract, 2 parts of vitamin C, 1 part of stabilizer, 1 part of fixing agent, 10 parts of glycerol, a proper amount of acetic acid and 100 parts of deionized water, wherein the acetic acid is used for adjusting the pH value of the preservation solution to 3.8.
The traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of gallnut, 10 parts of isatis root, 5 parts of dandelion, 5 parts of radix bupleuri, 10 parts of hispid fig, 10 parts of fructus forsythiae, 5 parts of fritillaria, 10-15 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 5 parts of lagotis and 5 parts of aconitum kusnezoffii.
The traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract is prepared by the following method: weighing the raw materials according to a certain proportion, cleaning, drying, pulverizing, mixing uniformly, soaking in deionized water according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, extracting for 1h under 500W microwave heating, filtering, distilling the liquid under reduced pressure, and concentrating to a density of 1.2g/cm3To obtain the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly fungus preservation solution comprises the following steps: dissolving the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract and vitamin C in deionized water, adding a stabilizer, a fixing agent and glycerol, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, and then dropwise adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 3.8.
Example 2
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract, 7 parts of vitamin C, 3 parts of stabilizer, 2 parts of fixing agent, 20 parts of glycerol, a proper amount of acetic acid and 150 parts of deionized water, wherein the acetic acid is used for adjusting the pH value of the preservation solution to 4.2.
The traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of gallnut, 15 parts of isatis root, 15 parts of dandelion, 10 parts of radix bupleuri, 15 parts of hispid fig, 15 parts of fructus forsythiae, 10 parts of fritillaria, 15 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 10 parts of lagotis and 15 parts of aconitum tanguticum.
The traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract is prepared by the following method: weighing the raw materials according to a certain proportion, cleaning, drying, pulverizing, mixing well, soaking in deionized water according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, extracting for 2h under 700W microwave heating, filtering, distilling the liquid under reduced pressure, and concentrating to densityIs 1.5g/cm3To obtain the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly fungus preservation solution comprises the following steps: dissolving the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract and vitamin C in deionized water, adding a stabilizer, a fixing agent and glycerol, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, and then dropwise adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 4.2.
Example 3
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract, 3 parts of vitamin C, 2 parts of stabilizer, 1.2 parts of fixing agent, 12 parts of glycerol, a proper amount of acetic acid and 120 parts of deionized water, wherein the acetic acid is used for adjusting the pH value of the preservation solution to 3.9.
The traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6 parts of gallnut, 11 parts of isatis root, 7 parts of dandelion, 6 parts of radix bupleuri, 11 parts of hispid fig, 11 parts of fructus forsythiae, 6 parts of fritillaria, 10-15 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 7 parts of lagotis and 8 parts of aconitum kusnezoffii.
The traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract is prepared by the following method: weighing the raw materials according to a certain proportion, cleaning, drying, pulverizing, mixing uniformly, soaking in deionized water according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, microwave heating at 550W for 1h, filtering, distilling the liquid under reduced pressure, and concentrating to a density of 1.25g/cm3To obtain the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly fungus preservation solution comprises the following steps: dissolving the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract and vitamin C in deionized water, adding a stabilizer, a fixing agent and glycerol, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, and then dropwise adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 3.9.
Example 4
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract, 6 parts of vitamin C, 3 parts of stabilizer, 1.7 parts of fixing agent, 18 parts of glycerol, a proper amount of acetic acid and 130 parts of deionized water, wherein the acetic acid is used for adjusting the pH value of the preservation solution to 4.1.
The traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of gallnut, 13 parts of isatis root, 12 parts of dandelion, 8 parts of radix bupleuri, 13 parts of hispid fig, 14 parts of fructus forsythiae, 8 parts of fritillaria, 14 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 8 parts of lagotis and 12 parts of aconitum napellus.
Chinese medicine for treating hepatitisThe aqueous extract of the fungus is prepared by the following method: weighing the raw materials according to a certain proportion, cleaning, drying, pulverizing, mixing well, soaking in deionized water according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, extracting for 2h under 650W microwave heating, filtering, distilling the liquid under reduced pressure, and concentrating to a density of 1.45g/cm3To obtain the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly fungus preservation solution comprises the following steps: dissolving the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract and vitamin C in deionized water, adding a stabilizer, a fixing agent and glycerol, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, and then dropwise adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 4.1.
Example 5
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 3.2 parts of traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract, 5 parts of vitamin C, 2.4 parts of stabilizing agent, 1.5 parts of fixing agent, 16 parts of glycerol, a proper amount of acetic acid and 125 parts of deionized water, wherein the acetic acid is used for adjusting the pH value of the preservation solution to 4.
The traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of gallnut, 12 parts of isatis root, 10 parts of dandelion, 7 parts of radix bupleuri, 12 parts of hispid fig, 12 parts of fructus forsythiae, 7 parts of fritillaria, 12 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 7 parts of lagotis and 10 parts of aconitum napellus.
The traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract is prepared by the following method: weighing the raw materials according to a certain proportion, cleaning, drying, pulverizing, mixing uniformly, soaking in deionized water according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, extracting for 1-2h under 600W microwave heating, filtering, distilling the liquid under reduced pressure, and concentrating to a density of 1.35g/cm3To obtain the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly fungus preservation solution comprises the following steps: dissolving the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract and vitamin C in deionized water, adding a stabilizer, a fixing agent and glycerol, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, and then dropwise adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 4.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the example 5, the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract is not added, and other raw materials are the same.
Comparative example 2
Compared with example 5, the stabilizer was not added, and other raw materials were the same.
Comparative example 3
Compared with example 5, the other raw materials were the same without adding a fixing agent.
Comparative example 4
Compared with the embodiment 5, the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract raw materials comprise 10 parts of dandelion, 7 parts of radix bupleuri, 12 parts of hispid fig, 12 parts of fructus forsythiae, 7 parts of fritillaria, 12 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 7 parts of lagotis and 10 parts of aconitum sinomontanum.
Comparative example 5
Compared with the embodiment 5, the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract raw materials comprise 7 parts of gallnut, 12 parts of isatis root, 10 parts of dandelion, 7 parts of fritillaria, 12 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 7 parts of lagotis and 10 parts of aconitum tanguticum.
Comparative example 6
The raw materials were mixed in different proportions as compared with example 5.
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 1 part of traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract, 1 parts of vitamin C, 10 parts of stabilizer, 10 parts of fixative, 20 parts of glycerol, a proper amount of acetic acid and 150 parts of deionized water, wherein the acetic acid is used for adjusting the pH value of the preservation solution to 4.
Comparative example 7
In contrast to example 5, acetic acid was used to adjust the pH to 6.5.
Test example 1
The results of microscopic examination of representative specimens of plant pathogenic fungi stored in inventive example 5 and comparative examples 1-7, as well as commercially available products of the same type, are shown in tables 1-9.
Collecting and selecting fresh plant disease specimens with remarkable disease signs and without infectious microbes, scraping the required pathogenic fungi at the diseased part by using a single-sided blade, and then scraping and washing the pathogenic fungi on the blade into a surface dish filled with environment-friendly fungi preservation solution by using a picking needle (the pathogenic fungi can be repeatedly scraped according to the quantity of the required pathogenic fungi). And finally, sucking the pathogenic fungi in the watch glass and the environment-friendly fungi preservation solution into a reagent bottle which is cleaned and dried for standby by using a suction pipe, covering the bottle cover, and sticking a label. Storing at room temperature. When in use, the medicine can be taken and used at any time. In order to prove the reliability of the preservation of the plant pathogenic fungi specimen by the environment-friendly fungi preservation solution, microscopic examination is carried out once every half year. In the microscopic examination process, specimens made of various subgenus fungi are respectively observed, and the change condition of morphological characteristics of the specimens is mainly observed. And after microscopic examination of each specimen is finished, recording microscopic examination results and time in time.
TABLE 1 EXAMPLE 5 preservation of storage liquid Table
Table 2 table of storage conditions of the storage solutions of comparative example 1
Table 3 table of storage conditions of the storage solutions of comparative example 2
Table 4 table of storage conditions of the storage solutions of comparative example 3
TABLE 5 TABLE of preservation conditions of the storage solutions of comparative example 4
TABLE 6 TABLE of preservation conditions of the storage solutions of comparative example 5
TABLE 7 TABLE of the preservation conditions of the storage solutions of comparative example 6
Table 8 table of storage conditions of the storage solutions of comparative example 7
TABLE 9 preservation of similar preservation solutions sold in market
Note: -indicating that the specimen morphology is blurred or deformed; + represents the clear and slightly deformed specimen shape; + indicates clear and undeformed; + + + + indicates the clearest, intact as before.
As can be seen from the above table, the environmental-friendly fungus preservation solution prepared in example 5 of the present invention has a fungus preservation duration and a fungus definition significantly superior to those of similar products on the market.
Compared with the prior art, the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract is not added in the comparative example 1, so that the storage time of the fungi is obviously shortened, the mixed fungi are increased, and the definition is poor; the stabilizing agent is not added in the comparative example 2, the fixing agent is not added in the comparative example 3, the fungus preservation definition of the stabilizing agent and the fixing agent is poor, and most of specimens are fuzzy or deformed; the types of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials of the traditional Chinese medicinal antibacterial aqueous extracts in the comparative examples 4 and 5 are less than those of the traditional Chinese medicinal antibacterial aqueous extract in the example 5, so that the antibacterial effect is obviously poor, the storage time of fungi is obviously reduced, the mixed bacteria are increased, and the definition is poor; therefore, the raw materials in the antibacterial aqueous extract of the traditional Chinese medicine have the synergistic effect. The proportion of the raw materials in comparative example 6 is different, and the storage effect on fungi is poor. The pH of the storage solution in comparative example 7 was 6.5, which is not suitable for the storage of fungi.
Compared with the prior art, the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract is added, and the aqueous extract obtained by the combined antibacterial traditional Chinese medicine has a good effect of killing bacteria, has a broad-spectrum and efficient effect, has little power on fungi, and is suitable for being used as a preservation solution additive of the fungi;
according to the invention, by adding the stabilizer and the fixing agent, the form of the fungi is effectively kept unchanged, the later-stage research work is facilitated, meanwhile, no toxic volatile substance is added into the preservation solution, environment-friendly water is used as a solvent, the use is safe, no toxic or side effect is caused, the preservation and the storage are convenient, and the application prospect is wide.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. An environment-friendly fungus preservation solution is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials: traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract, vitamin C, stabilizer, fixative, glycerol, acetic acid and deionized water; the pH value of the environment-friendly fungus preservation solution is between 3.8 and 4.2.
2. The environment-friendly fungus preserving fluid as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract, 2-7 parts of vitamin C, 1-3 parts of stabilizer, 1-2 parts of fixative, 10-20 parts of glycerol, a proper amount of acetic acid and 100 parts of deionized water, wherein the acetic acid is used for adjusting the pH value of the preservation solution.
3. The environment-friendly fungus preserving fluid as claimed in claim 2, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-4 parts of traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract, 3-6 parts of vitamin C, 2-3 parts of stabilizer, 1.2-1.7 parts of fixative, 12-18 parts of glycerol, a proper amount of acetic acid and 130 parts of deionized water, wherein the acetic acid is used for adjusting the pH value of the preservation solution.
4. The environment-friendly fungus preserving fluid as claimed in claim 3, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3.2 parts of traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract, 5 parts of vitamin C, 2.4 parts of stabilizing agent, 1.5 parts of fixing agent, 16 parts of glycerol, a proper amount of acetic acid and 125 parts of deionized water, wherein the acetic acid is used for adjusting the pH value of the preservation solution.
5. The environment-friendly fungus preservation solution according to claim 1, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract is prepared from the following raw materials: galla chinensis, radix Isatidis, herba Taraxaci, bupleuri radix, hispid Fig, fructus forsythiae, Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, rhizoma Atractylodis, herba Lagotis and radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii.
6. The environment-friendly fungus preservation solution according to claim 5, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of gallnut, 10-15 parts of isatis root, 5-15 parts of dandelion, 5-10 parts of radix bupleuri, 10-15 parts of hispid fig, 10-15 parts of fructus forsythiae, 5-10 parts of fritillaria, 10-15 parts of rhizoma atractylodis, 5-10 parts of lagotis and 5-15 parts of aconitum kusnezoffii.
7. The environment-friendly fungus preservation solution according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial aqueous extract is prepared by the following method: weighing the raw materials according to the proportion, cleaning, drying, crushing, uniformly mixing, soaking in deionized water according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, extracting for 1-2h by microwave heating at 500-700W, filtering, and concentrating the liquid by reduced pressure distillation until the density is 1.2-1.5g/cm3To obtain the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract.
8. The preservation solution for environmental friendly fungi as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stabilizer is selected from MgSO4、NaCl、MgCl2One or more of mannitol, sorbitol or sucrose.
9. The preservation solution for environmental protection fungi according to claim 1, wherein the fixing agent is one or more selected from glutaraldehyde, acrolein, tannic acid or potassium permanganate.
10. A method for preparing an environmentally friendly fungal preservation solution according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of: dissolving the traditional Chinese medicine antibacterial water extract and vitamin C in deionized water, adding a stabilizer, a fixing agent and glycerol, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, and then dropwise adding acetic acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 3.8-4.2.
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| CN111238889A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-06-05 | 江西业力医疗器械有限公司 | Liquid-based fungus detection method based on flaking method |
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