CN110690505A - Embedding method of sensing optical fiber of lithium battery - Google Patents
Embedding method of sensing optical fiber of lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110690505A CN110690505A CN201910840056.0A CN201910840056A CN110690505A CN 110690505 A CN110690505 A CN 110690505A CN 201910840056 A CN201910840056 A CN 201910840056A CN 110690505 A CN110690505 A CN 110690505A
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- lithium battery
- optical fiber
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The embedding method of the sensing optical fiber of the lithium battery is characterized in that the physical damage, the reduction of the optical performance or the reduction of the electrolyte performance of the battery of the optical fiber sensor after long-term use caused by the direct contact of the optical fiber and the electrolyte are avoided. The optical fiber sensor can be effectively embedded into the lithium battery to monitor various sensing quantities such as temperature, vibration, strain/stress and the like without influencing the battery performance and the optical fiber sensing performance; the invention not only provides the embedding process and the sealing process for arranging the optical fibers into the lithium battery, but also lays a good foundation for the temperature measurement of the distributed optical fibers in the lithium battery at the later stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a lithium battery, in particular to a method for embedding a sensing optical fiber of a lithium battery, which can reduce the influence of electrolyte on the sensing performance of an optical fiber sensor and the influence of optical fiber embedding on the long-term working performance of the lithium battery.
Technical Field
Under the influence of the oil crisis, the traditional fuel oil vehicle is gradually replaced by an electric vehicle. The lithium battery is used as a first-choice power source of the electric automobile, the working performance of the lithium battery is seriously influenced by temperature, so that the thermal management of a temperature field of the lithium battery pack is required, and the battery pack is very necessary to work within a safe temperature range.
At present, the battery temperature testing technology mainly comprises temperature measuring modes such as a thermistor, a thermocouple, Johnson noise temperature measurement, impedance estimation and thermal imager. The temperature measurement modes have certain defects, the local temperature is mainly measured by the first three modes, the internal temperature of the battery is estimated through an impedance angle and an impedance mode, the approximate overall temperature of the internal part of the battery is mainly estimated, the temperature measurement precision of the thermal imager is not high, the surface temperature of the battery is mainly reflected, the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method is utilized to overcome the defects, meanwhile, the distributed single-point and multi-point temperature measurement is supported, and therefore the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method has a huge market prospect in the field of battery temperature measurement.
Since the heat generation of the battery is mainly derived from the internal electrochemical reaction heat, the electrothermal effect, and the like, the internal temperature change detection is more instructive for the evaluation of the state of health of the battery than the external detection. Due to the presence of electrolyte (LiFP) inside the cell6) Has certain corrosiveness, can dissolve the coating layer of the optical fiber to a certain degree, and even can react with trace Ge doped in the optical fiber. According to previous researches, after the optical fiber is placed in electrolyte to be soaked for a long time, the optical fiber is placed under a microscope to observe and discover that the electrolyte of the lithium battery has a certain dissolving effect on an optical fiber coating layer, the electrolyte can influence the physical size of the optical fiber, and the surface defect of the optical fiber can be expanded to a certain degree after being soaked in the electrolyte. Will be provided withAfter the grating is soaked in the electrolyte, the spectral characteristics measured by the spectrometer are taken out and changed to a certain extent compared with the initial state, but the influence is small. In addition, it was also found that simple embedding of the bare fibers causes degradation of the battery performance after performance testing of the battery in which the bare fibers were inserted. In order to solve the problems, several methods for embedding the optical fiber into the battery are designed, the embedding mode can be divided into a bare optical fiber embedding mode and a steel pipe protection mode, and a slotting die is designed to facilitate the arrangement of the steel pipe.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for embedding a sensing optical fiber of a lithium battery, which utilizes a single-mode transmission optical fiber to connect optical fiber sensors to realize real-time distributed continuous monitoring on a multi-battery array so as to break through the problem that the optical fiber is embedded in the prior art and is susceptible to electrolyte (LiFP)6) The method has the advantages of high measurement precision, portability, flexibility, high expansibility, high reusability, relatively low cost and the like, and can lay the optical fiber sensors at corresponding positions in the battery space according to different research requirements.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a method for embedding a sensing optical fiber of a lithium battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) through holes or notches are formed in two sides of a lower die of the lithium battery shell, the sensing optical fibers are placed in the protective sleeve, and the protective sleeve and the sensing optical fibers are embedded into the through holes or notches;
2) the protective sleeve and the through hole or the notch of the lithium battery shell are bonded and fixed by using special sealant for the lithium battery, so that the internal electrolyte is prevented from overflowing;
3) and the sensing optical fiber is connected with the input end of the demodulation system through a transmission optical fiber.
The protective sleeve is a thin tube penetrating through two ends of the lithium battery, can be a thin tube penetrating through the center of the lithium battery or deviating from the center of the lithium battery, and is made of stainless steel, ceramic or organic materials, and the materials ensure that electrolyte, the protective sleeve and the shell wall of the battery cannot react chemically as much as possible.
The lithium battery is a button battery, a soft package battery or a cylindrical battery.
The sensing optical fiber comprises an optical fiber temperature sensor, an optical fiber stress/strain sensor, an optical fiber vibration sensor and an optical fiber chemical sensor, wherein the optical fiber temperature sensor comprises a point type optical fiber sensor represented by a common grating and a Brillouin dynamic grating, and a distributed optical fiber sensor represented by an optical frequency domain reflectometer, a Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer and a DTS.
The transmission optical fiber mainly adopts single mode/multimode optical fiber sensing.
The demodulation system multiplexes the whole optical fiber link signal obtained by connecting each distributed optical fiber sensor by using a single mode/multimode optical fiber, demodulates the signal to obtain the information of temperature, stress/strain and the like of each sensor position, and realizes the distributed real-time continuous monitoring.
The method of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to previous researches, the lithium battery electrolyte has a certain dissolving effect on the optical fiber coating layer, can affect the physical size of the optical fiber and has small influence on the grating spectral characteristics. It was also found that simple embedding of the bare fiber causes degradation of the battery performance after performance testing of the battery in which the bare fiber is inserted. Therefore, the invention can avoid the problem that the temperature measurement performance of the optical fiber sensor or the later working performance of the lithium battery is influenced by the dissolution or chemical reaction of the optical fiber coating layer caused by the direct contact of the optical fiber and the lithium battery electrolyte.
2. The method is different from the currently widely applied local temperature measurement method: the method can meet the requirement of monitoring multiple points on a battery in work in twenty-four hours without interruption, and has the capability of distributed monitoring and flexible expansibility according to different research requirements, namely the embedded position of the optical fiber sensor can be adjusted according to specific requirements.
3. The method is different from a method for measuring the surface temperature by using a thermal imager and a thermocouple, and the distributed optical fiber sensor is embedded into the battery, so that the method has the advantages of higher temperature measurement precision and capability of accurately reflecting the temperature of each point inside and outside the lithium battery.
4. The invention can utilize a single mode transmission optical fiber to connect each optical fiber sensor to realize real-time distributed continuous monitoring on the multi-battery array, has the advantages of portability, flexibility, high reusability and relatively low cost, can arrange as many optical fiber sensors as possible in the battery space according to the requirement, and meets the application requirement of the multi-battery pack module structure of the lithium battery automobile on the real-time monitoring of the physical quantity of multiple points in the inner part at the same time in the later period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a method for embedding a sensing optical fiber of a lithium battery (after a steel tube is inserted into a lower shell of the lithium battery) according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a press type package of a lithium battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the slotted lower die of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a piercing scheme for a lower case of a lithium battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a system according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below, but not limited to, with reference to the following figures and examples. Several implementation methods can be adopted according to the idea of the invention. The following schemes are merely illustrative of the inventive concept, and the specific schemes are not limited thereto.
The invention discloses a method for embedding a sensing optical fiber of a lithium battery, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) through holes or notches are formed in two sides of a lower die of the lithium battery shell, the sensing optical fibers are placed in the protective sleeve, and the protective sleeve and the sensing optical fibers are embedded into the through holes or notches;
2) the protective sleeve and the through hole or the notch of the lithium battery shell are bonded and fixed by using special sealant for the lithium battery, so that the internal electrolyte is prevented from overflowing;
3) and the sensing optical fiber is connected with the input end of the demodulation system through a transmission optical fiber.
Example one
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a distributed optical fiber sensor penetrates through a protective sleeve 1-2 and then integrally penetrates through two through holes near the bottom of a lower battery shell, a sensing optical fiber 1-3 is used to connect the optical fiber sensor in each lithium battery and is connected to a demodulation system host 1-4, which demodulates and detects a temperature signal of a distributed optical fiber sensor in real time at a distribution position (at any position in the protective sleeve 1-2 distributed in the lithium battery 1-1, a specific position can be determined through system calibration). And in the later period, stress/strain, vibration, a special optical fiber chemical sensor and the like can be flexibly arranged according to specific requirements to monitor other performances of the battery except the temperature.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a press type package of a lithium battery according to the present invention, and it can be seen from the figure that the lithium battery package according to the present invention includes: the device comprises an adjusting knob 2-1, a support 2-2, an upper die 2-3, a lower die 2-4, a support 2-5 and a base 2-6.
The adjusting knob 2-1 is a sliding screw rod structure fixed on the support 2-2 through two nuts, the inside of the adjusting knob is in threaded transmission, and the knob can be automatically adjusted through a motor to perform press type packaging.
The upper die 2-3 and the lower die 2-4 are both of a structure with groove-shaped inner end faces, and can be designed to accommodate different lithium battery shell shapes for lithium battery packaging.
The supports 2-5 support the lower die, and meanwhile, the position of the die can be finely adjusted, so that the requirements of packaging of different lithium batteries are met.
The base 2-6 contain the driving motor of whole platform instrument, the LED of real-time pressure shows, pressure adjustment knob switch etc. according to the encapsulation requirement difference, can conveniently adjust the pressure size of applying on the lithium cell shell.
As shown in fig. 3 (taking a button cell as an example), the slotting lower die includes: the inner groove surface 3-1 is penetrated by two notches 3-2 in the diameter direction. Aiming at the requirement of perforating a special lithium battery shell and adding a protective sleeve or a sensing optical fiber, the lithium battery packaging is in a push type packaging process, and the process is that an upper cover of the battery shell is pressed into a circular groove of a battery shell at the lower part, so that the battery shell is sealed and packaged. Therefore, the processing mould at the bottom is processed and transformed, originally, only a round groove with the size matched with that of the lower battery shell is processed, two rectangular notches 3-2 are formed in the edge of the mould in the penetrating diameter direction, and the depth of the notch is equal to the surface of the inner groove, so that the steel pipe or the transmission optical fiber can be conveniently buried in the later period.
As shown in fig. 4 (taking button cell as an example), the lithium battery lower casing after perforating includes: two through holes 4-1 penetrating the diameter direction and a stainless steel shell 4-2 for the lower battery. Through the two through holes 4-1, the protection sleeve, the distributed optical fiber sensor and the transmission optical fiber can be conveniently embedded in the later period.
Example two
Second embodiment as shown in fig. 5, considering that the steel tube of the first embodiment is located at the bottom of the lower gasket of the lithium battery and directly contacts with the lower gasket, which may cause the problem of increase of internal resistance of the lithium battery, the whole battery internal material 5-1 is offset to the edge with respect to the center of the lower case 5-2 of the lithium battery. On the premise of ensuring that the performance of the battery is not changed, a space is reserved for embedding the through hole of the protective sleeve 5-4, and the distributed optical fiber sensor 5-3 is conveniently distributed in the battery body.
EXAMPLE III
Third embodiment as shown in fig. 6, the third embodiment was designed in consideration of the problems of the first embodiment and the problem that the space left by the material offset is still insufficient in the second embodiment. The whole lithium battery structure comprises: 6-1 parts of a lithium battery shell, 6-4 parts of a lower gasket, 6-5 parts of a PP diaphragm, 6-6 parts of a lithium sheet and 6-7 parts of an upper gasket. On the basis of the design, the base of the lithium battery shell 6-1 is thickened, and the through hole 6-3 is arranged in the diameter direction of the thickened base 6-2, so that the performance of the battery is not influenced in principle, and the problem that the optical fiber sensor and the lithium battery electrolyte react or dissolve after long-term work is avoided. Therefore, the scheme reduces the necessity of embedding the steel pipe, can directly embed the distributed optical fiber sensor and greatly improves the embedding efficiency.
Example four
In the fourth embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, in consideration of meeting the application requirement that a multi-battery pack module structure of a lithium battery car needs to monitor multiple points inside the car at the same time in real time at a later stage, a scheme for realizing real-time continuous monitoring on a multi-battery array by using series connection of transmission fibers is designed: after the protective sleeve or the distributed optical fiber sensor 7-2 is embedded in each lithium battery 7-1 by utilizing the previous perforation scheme, the lithium batteries are connected by utilizing the transmission optical fiber 7-3 and finally connected to the host end 7-4 of the demodulation system in a unified mode to perform demodulation and signal processing, so that the real-time monitoring of parameters such as distributed temperature, stress/strain and the like of the whole lithium battery module is realized.
EXAMPLE five
The fifth embodiment is an embodiment designed for a soft package battery commonly used for an automobile lithium battery, and the idea is similar to the fourth embodiment, a protective sleeve or a distributed optical fiber sensor 8-2 is embedded in each soft package battery piece 8-1, and the arrangement position is arranged in a positive and negative pole piece area which is sensitive to battery heating until the inside of a battery core. After being packaged by an aluminum plastic film, the sensors are connected by the transmission optical fiber 8-3, and signals collected by the sensors are uniformly transmitted to the PC end 8-4 of the demodulation system for processing.
The above solutions can be expanded or modified in various ways, and are not described in detail, but belong to the patent.
Experiments show that the invention not only provides the embedding process and the sealing process for arranging the optical fibers into the lithium battery, but also lays a good foundation for the temperature measurement of the distributed optical fibers in the lithium battery at the later stage. The method has the advantages of high measurement precision, portability, flexibility, high expansibility, high reusability, relatively low cost and the like, and can be used for arranging the optical fiber sensors at corresponding positions in the battery space according to different research requirements.
Claims (6)
1. A method for embedding a sensing optical fiber of a lithium battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) through holes or notches are formed in two sides of a lower die of the lithium battery shell, the sensing optical fibers are placed in the protective sleeve, and the protective sleeve and the sensing optical fibers are embedded into the through holes or notches;
2) the protective sleeve and the through hole or the notch of the lithium battery shell are bonded and fixed by using special sealant for the lithium battery, so that the internal electrolyte is prevented from overflowing;
3) and the sensing optical fiber is connected with the input end of the demodulation system through a transmission optical fiber.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the protection sleeve is a thin tube penetrating both ends of the lithium battery, which can be a thin tube penetrating the center of the lithium battery or deviating from the center of the lithium battery, and is made of stainless steel, ceramic or organic material, which ensures that the electrolyte does not react with the protection sleeve and the battery shell wall as much as possible.
3. The method for embedding a sensing optical fiber of a lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lithium battery is a button battery, a soft package battery or a cylindrical battery.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the sensing fiber comprises a fiber temperature sensor, a fiber stress/strain sensor, a fiber vibration sensor, and a fiber chemical sensor, and the fiber temperature sensor comprises a point-type fiber sensor represented by a common grating and a brillouin dynamic grating, a distributed fiber sensor represented by an optical frequency domain reflectometer, a brillouin optical time domain reflectometer, and a DTS.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmission fiber is a single mode/multimode fiber.
6. The method for embedding the sensing optical fiber of the lithium battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the demodulation system multiplexes signals of the whole optical fiber link obtained by connecting the distributed optical fiber sensors with single-mode/multimode optical fibers, demodulates the signals to obtain information such as temperature, stress/strain and the like of the positions of the sensors, and realizes distributed real-time continuous monitoring.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112067155A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2020-12-11 | 武汉昊衡科技有限公司 | Lithium battery temperature dynamic monitoring method based on OFDR |
| CN112433166A (en) * | 2020-11-22 | 2021-03-02 | 同济大学 | Multi-dimensional detection method and structure for internal failure reaction of lithium ion power battery |
| CN113865743A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2021-12-31 | 广东感芯激光科技有限公司 | Optical fiber distributed battery multipoint temperature measurement system and application |
| CN114583206A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-06-03 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Low-temperature protection system, all-vanadium redox flow battery system and low-temperature protection method thereof |
| CN115790891A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-14 | 无锡布里渊电子科技有限公司 | Lithium battery safety monitoring system containing optical fiber sensing adhesive tape and monitoring method |
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| CN112067155A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2020-12-11 | 武汉昊衡科技有限公司 | Lithium battery temperature dynamic monitoring method based on OFDR |
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| CN115790891A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-14 | 无锡布里渊电子科技有限公司 | Lithium battery safety monitoring system containing optical fiber sensing adhesive tape and monitoring method |
| CN115790891B (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-12-15 | 无锡布里渊电子科技有限公司 | Lithium battery safety monitoring system and monitoring method containing optical fiber sensing adhesive tape |
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Application publication date: 20200114 |