CN110686927B

CN110686927B - Nuclear radiation area sample acquisition and detection equipment

Info

Publication number: CN110686927B
Application number: CN201911095836.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彬逸; 余丙强
Original assignee: Beijing Zhiwei Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: BEIJING ZHIWEI TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-11-11
Filing date: 2019-11-11
Publication date: 2020-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-11
Also published as: CN110686927A

Abstract

The invention discloses a sample collecting and detecting device for nuclear radiation areas, which comprises a sampler, wherein a boss is fixed at the upper end of the sampler, a lifting cavity with a downward opening and an upper end wall extending into the boss is arranged in the sampler, a cutting mechanism capable of collecting plant samples is arranged in the left end wall of the lifting cavity, a lifting mechanism capable of collecting soil samples with different depths is arranged in the lifting cavity, the lifting mechanism comprises a spring cavity with a right end wall communicated with the lifting cavity, a collecting block for sampling is arranged in the lifting cavity, a collecting cavity with a downward opening is arranged in the collecting block, a lifting iron block and a supporting spring for supporting the iron block are arranged in the spring cavity, the device has simple structure and convenient operation, the sampling of soil with different depths in a required detection area can be automatically completed in a mechanical mode, and simultaneously the sampling and the collecting of plants can be automatically completed, the safety of sampling personnel is guaranteed, and the efficiency is high.

Description

Nuclear radiation area sample acquisition and detection equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of nuclear radiation detection, in particular to a sample collection and detection device in a nuclear radiation area.

Background

The nuclear radiation detection is to detect the radioactive content of the nuclear radiation by a detection instrument to determine whether the nuclear radiation is harmful to a human body or the environment, and to minimize the harm of the nuclear radiation by adopting a plurality of protection and cleaning technologies and tools, and the monitoring of the nuclear radiation condition at any time is also particularly important in areas with nuclear leakage;

at the present stage, in order to detect the nuclear radiation condition of the nuclear leakage area, a person is required to enter the nuclear radiation area to collect a sample and detect the nuclear radiation condition, so that data is obtained to be analyzed, the entering person needs to wear protective tools such as protective clothing, and the like, so that the nuclear radiation area is protected from being damaged by radiation, and the sampling is very complex.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a nuclear radiation area sample collecting and detecting device, which solves the problems of difficult sampling and the like, thereby improving the sampling efficiency and ensuring the safety of sampling personnel.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

The invention discloses sample collection and detection equipment for a nuclear radiation area, which comprises a sampler, wherein a boss is fixed at the upper end of the sampler, a lifting cavity with a downward opening and an upper end wall extending into the boss is arranged in the sampler, and a cutting mechanism capable of collecting a plant sample is arranged in the left end wall of the lifting cavity;

the lifting mechanism is internally provided with a lifting mechanism capable of collecting soil samples with different depths, the lifting mechanism comprises a spring cavity with a right end wall communicated with the lifting cavity, the lifting cavity is internally provided with a collecting block for sampling, the collecting block is internally provided with a collecting cavity with a downward opening, the spring cavity is internally provided with a liftable iron block and a supporting spring for supporting the iron block, the iron block is fixedly connected with the collecting block through a connecting block, the upper side of the iron block is also provided with a first electromagnet capable of repelling and absorbing with the iron block, the upper end of the collecting block is fixedly provided with a lower pressure rod, the upper end of the lower pressure rod is internally fixed with a lower pressure plate, the collecting cavity is internally and slidably connected with a pushing plate, the upper end of the pushing plate is fixedly provided with a pushing rod with an upper end penetrating through the upper end wall of the collecting cavity and positioned in the lifting cavity, and the upper end of the pushing rod is fixedly provided with a compression, the pushing block is fixedly connected with the collecting block through a compression spring, a heavy block is arranged on the upper side of the pushing block, a spring groove with a leftward opening is arranged in the heavy block, a limiting block with the left end positioned at the upper side of the lower pressing plate and a connecting spring for connecting the limiting block and the right end wall of the spring groove are arranged in the spring groove, a moving cavity with a left end wall communicated with the lifting cavity is arranged in the right end wall of the lifting cavity, a moving plate and two return springs for connecting the moving plate and the right end wall of the moving cavity are arranged in the moving cavity, a limiting rod with the right end penetrating through the right end wall of the spring groove, the left end wall of the moving cavity and the moving plate and positioned on the right side of the moving plate is fixed at the right end of the limiting block, a limiting plate is fixed at the right end of the limiting rod, and an elastic rope with the left end penetrating through the upper end wall of the spring cavity and fixedly connected with the first electromagnet is fixed at the upper end of the moving plate;

be equipped with the receiving mechanism who can accomodate the soil sample in the lift chamber right-hand member wall, the receiving mechanism upside still is equipped with the actuating mechanism of drive arrangement operation, through cutting mechanism with elevating system can accomplish the sample acquisition to soil and plant voluntarily, does not need artifical in person's hands to operate, guarantees safety.

Furthermore, the cutting mechanism comprises a cutting cavity with a backward opening, a translation plate and an extension spring for connecting the front end wall of the cutting cavity with the translation plate are connected in the cutting cavity in a sliding manner, a sliding cavity with a backward opening is arranged in the translation plate, an electric guide rail is fixedly connected with the front end wall of the sliding cavity, a limiting groove with a leftward opening is arranged in the right end wall of the cutting cavity, a sliding spring which is fixedly connected with the electric guide rail and has a right end positioned in the limiting groove is arranged on the front side of the electric guide rail, a cutting knife is fixed on the front end surface of the translation plate and the front end of the sliding spring, the front end of the cutting knife is positioned in the cutting cavity, two collecting cavities communicated with the external space are arranged in the sampler, a closed cavity with a forward opening is arranged in the rear end wall of the collecting cavity, and a closed plate with a front end capable of closing the, the left side collect the intracavity and be equipped with two receivers, the left side collect the chamber right side end wall still be fixed with can with the receiver repulses the second electro-magnet that attracts mutually, the left side collect chamber upper end wall intercommunication the cutting chamber.

Further, receiving mechanism is including being located the right side collect the rotary disk of intracavity, be equipped with eight openings in the rotary disk and upwards just one side end wall intercommunication the spacing chamber in collection chamber, spacing intracavity is equipped with the collection box that is used for accomodating the soil sample, the right side collect the chamber upper end wall and be fixed with the detector of detectable radiation, the right side collect the chamber upper end wall and still be fixed with the fixed block, the fixed block right-hand member is fixed with expanding spring, the expanding spring right-hand member is fixed with the transmission piece, rotate in the middle of the transmission piece and be connected with the lower extreme and run through the transmission piece and with rotary disk pivoted transmission shaft.

Further, the driving mechanism comprises a driving cavity, the upper end of the transmission shaft penetrates through the lower end wall of the driving cavity and is located in the driving cavity, the right end wall of the driving cavity is fixedly connected with a driving motor, the left end of the driving motor is in power connection with a driving shaft, the driving shaft is fixedly connected with two rope winding wheels and a first bevel gear, the driving cavity is internally and slidably connected with a limiting plate penetrated through by the upper end of the transmission shaft, the upper end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with a connecting gear, the upper end surface of the limiting plate is also in rotary connection with a rotating shaft, the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a second bevel gear, the left end of the second bevel gear can be in meshing connection with the first bevel gear, the rotating shaft is also fixedly provided with a cam which can be in meshing connection with the connecting gear, and a third electromagnet which can be attracted to the moving, the rope is wound on the rope winding wheel, the upper end of the rope penetrates through the upper end wall of the driving cavity, the rear end wall of the cutting cavity and the first electromagnet are fixedly connected, and the upper end of the rope penetrates through the upper end wall of the driving cavity, the upper end wall of the lifting cavity and the heavy block are fixedly connected.

Furthermore, the friction force between the rope rolling wheel and the driving shaft is enough to enable the driving shaft to rotate to drive the rope rolling wheel to rotate and wind up or release the rope, the magnetic force between the first electromagnet and the iron block is far larger than the sum of the elastic force of the pressing spring, the elastic force of the elastic rope and the elastic force of the supporting spring, and the elastic force of the elastic rope is far larger than the elastic force of the supporting spring.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device simple structure, the simple operation accomplishes the sample to needs detection area in through the mode of machinery is automatic, the different degree of depth soil, and can accomplish the sample collection to the plant automatically simultaneously, guarantees sample personnel's safety, and efficient.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged top view of the spinning disk of FIG. 1 in full section according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure A-A of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a front view enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at B in fig. 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to fig. 1-4, wherein for ease of description the orientations described hereinafter are now defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions described below correspond to the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions in the projection relationship of fig. 1 itself.

The nuclear radiation area sample collection and detection equipment described in conjunction with fig. 1-4 comprises a sampling machine 10, wherein a boss 49 is fixed at the upper end of the sampling machine 10, a lifting cavity 51 with a downward opening and an upper end wall extending into the boss 49 is arranged in the sampling machine 10, a cutting mechanism 73 capable of collecting plant samples is arranged in the left end wall of the lifting cavity 51, a lifting mechanism 68 capable of collecting soil samples of different depths is arranged in the lifting cavity 51, the lifting mechanism 68 comprises a spring cavity 53 with a right end wall communicated with the lifting cavity 51, a collection block 20 for sampling is arranged in the lifting cavity 51, a collection cavity 21 with a downward opening is arranged in the collection block 20, a liftable iron block 54 and a support spring 18 supporting the iron block 54 are arranged in the spring cavity 53, the iron block 54 is fixedly connected with the collection block 20 through a connection block 19, a first electromagnet 55 capable of repelling and absorbing with the iron block 54 is further arranged on the upper side of the iron block 54, a lower pressing rod 52 is fixed at the upper end of the collecting block 20, a lower pressing plate 48 is fixed in the upper end of the lower pressing rod 52, a pushing plate 22 is connected in the collecting cavity 21 in a sliding manner, a pushing rod 23 is fixed at the upper end of the pushing plate 22, the upper end of the pushing rod 23 penetrates through the upper end wall of the collecting cavity 21 and is located in the lifting cavity 51, a compression spring 36 in contact with the lower end face of the lower pressing plate 48 is fixed at the upper end of the pushing rod 23, the pushing block 37 is fixedly connected with the collecting block 20 through the compression spring 36, a weight 71 is arranged on the upper side of the pushing block 37, a spring groove 42 with a leftward opening is arranged in the weight 71, a limiting block 47 with a left end located on the upper side of the lower pressing plate 48 and a connecting spring 38 for connecting the limiting block 47 with the right end wall of the spring groove 42 are arranged in the spring groove 42, a moving cavity 44 with a left, a moving plate 45 and two return springs 43 connecting the moving plate 45 and the right end wall of the moving cavity 44 are arranged in the moving cavity 44, a limiting rod 41 with the right end penetrating through the right end wall of the spring groove 42, the left end wall of the moving cavity 44 and the moving plate 45 and positioned on the right side of the moving plate 45 is fixed at the right end of the limiting block 47, a limiting plate 40 is fixed at the right end of the limiting rod 41, an elastic rope 50 with the left end penetrating through the upper end wall of the spring cavity 53 and fixedly connected with the first electromagnet 55 is fixed at the upper end of the moving plate 45, a receiving mechanism 70 capable of receiving soil samples is arranged in the right end wall of the lifting cavity 51, a driving mechanism 69 for driving the device to operate is arranged on the upper side of the receiving mechanism 70, the cutting mechanism 73 and the lifting mechanism 68 can automatically complete the collection of samples of soil and plants, manual operation is not needed, and safety is guaranteed.

Beneficially, the cutting mechanism 73 includes a cutting cavity 11 with a backward opening, a translation plate 72 and an extension spring 58 connecting a front end wall of the cutting cavity 11 with the translation plate 72 are slidably connected in the cutting cavity 11, a sliding cavity 56 with a backward opening is arranged in the translation plate 72, an electric guide rail 57 is fixedly connected to a front end wall of the sliding cavity 56, a limiting groove 60 with a leftward opening is arranged in a right end wall of the cutting cavity 11, a sliding spring 59 fixedly connected with the electric guide rail 57 and having a right end located in the limiting groove 60 is arranged on the front side of the electric guide rail 57, a cutting knife 12 is fixed to each of a front end surface of the translation plate 72 and a front end of the sliding spring 59, each of the cutting knife 12 and the sampling machine 10 is provided with two collecting cavities 14 communicating with an external space, a closed cavity 13 with a forward opening is arranged in a rear end wall of the collecting cavity 14, be equipped with the front end in the closed chamber 13 and seal the closed plate 15 of collecting chamber 14, the left side be equipped with two receivers 16 in the collecting chamber 14, the left side the collecting chamber 14 right side end wall still be fixed with can with receiver 16 repulses the second electro-magnet 17 that attracts mutually, the left side the collecting chamber 14 upper end wall intercommunication cutting chamber 11.

Beneficially, the receiving mechanism 70 includes a rotating disk 25 located in the right side of the collecting cavity 14, eight openings are arranged in the rotating disk 25, a side end wall of the rotating disk 25 is communicated with a limiting cavity 28 of the collecting cavity 14, a collecting box 27 for receiving a soil sample is arranged in the limiting cavity 28, the upper end wall of the right side of the collecting cavity 14 is fixed with a detector 29 capable of detecting radiation, the upper end wall of the right side of the collecting cavity 14 is further fixed with a fixed block 24, the right end of the fixed block 24 is fixed with a telescopic spring 30, the right end of the telescopic spring 30 is fixed with a transmission block 26, and a transmission shaft 31 with the lower end penetrating through the transmission block 26 and rotating with the rotating disk 25 is rotatably connected in the middle of the transmission.

Advantageously, the driving mechanism 69 includes a driving chamber 32, the upper end of the transmission shaft 31 penetrates through the lower end wall of the driving chamber 32 and is located in the driving chamber 32, the right end wall of the driving chamber 32 is fixedly connected with a driving motor 33, the left end of the driving motor 33 is dynamically connected with a driving shaft 34, two rope winding wheels 35 and a first bevel gear 62 are fixedly connected to the driving shaft 34, a limiting plate 67 penetrated through the upper end of the transmission shaft 31 is slidably connected to the driving chamber 32, a connecting gear 66 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the transmission shaft 31, a rotating shaft 64 is further rotatably connected to the upper end surface of the limiting plate 67, a second bevel gear 63 whose left end can be engaged with the first bevel gear 62 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft 64, a cam moving plate 65 which can be engaged with the connecting gear 66 is further fixed to the rotating shaft 64, and a third electric power plate which can repel and attract the limiting plate 45 or repel and attract the limiting plate 67 is Magnet 61, it has rope 39 to twine on the rope sheave 35, and the left side rope 39 upper end runs through drive chamber 32 upper end wall with cutting chamber 11 rear end wall and with first electro-magnet 55 fixed connection, and the right side rope 39 upper end runs through drive chamber 32 upper end wall with lift chamber 51 upper end wall and with pouring weight 71 fixed connection.

Advantageously, the friction between the rope winding wheel 35 and the driving shaft 34 is sufficient to make the driving shaft 34 rotate to drive the rope winding wheel 35 to rotate and wind up or unwind the rope 39, the magnetic force between the first electromagnet 55 and the iron block 54 is much larger than the sum of the elastic force of the pressing spring 46, the elastic force of the elastic rope 50 and the elastic force of the supporting spring 18, and the elastic force of the elastic rope 50 is much larger than the elastic force of the supporting spring 18.

Sequence of mechanical actions of the whole device:

1: in an initial state, the lower pressing spring and the extension spring are in a compressed state, and the rest springs are in a normal state; when the sampling machine 10 moves to a position to be sampled, the driving motor 33 works to drive the driving shaft 34 to rotate, so that the rope winding wheel 35 is driven to rotate, the rope 39 is loosened, the right end of the sliding spring 59 is positioned in the limiting groove 60, when the left rope 39 is loosened, the extension spring 58 cannot be reset, the right rope 39 is loosened, the weight 71 is lowered, the driving limiting block 47 is driven to descend, the lower pressing plate 48 is driven to descend, the lower pressing rod 52 and the collecting block 20 are lowered, the lower end of the collecting block 20 is inserted into the ground, soil is collected, the iron block 54 and the connecting block 19 are lowered along with the descending of the collecting block 20, and the supporting spring 18 is compressed;

2: when the collection is completed, the driving motor 33 works to drive the driving shaft 34 to reversely rotate in the groove, so that the rope winding wheel 35 reversely rotates, thereby winding up the rope 39, thereby driving the weight 71 to ascend and reset, at this time, the supporting spring 18 resets, thereby driving the iron block 54 and the connecting block 19 to reset, thereby driving the collecting block 20 to ascend and reset, thereby driving the lower pressing rod 52 and the lower pressing plate 48 to ascend and reset, at this time, the third electromagnet 61 works to be attracted to both the moving plate 45 and the limiting plate 67, the moving plate 45 moves rightwards, the reset spring 43 is compressed, and the moving plate 45 moves to drive the limiting plate 40 to move rightwards, thereby driving the limiting rod 41 and the limiting block 47 to move rightwards, thereby causing the limiting block 47 to return to the spring groove 42 and not to contact with the lower pressing plate 48, the connecting spring 38 is compressed, while the elastic rope 50 is stretched, when the limiting block 47 returns to the spring groove 42, the elastic rope 50 is reset to drive the first electromagnet 55 to move upwards, so that the connecting block 19 and the collecting block 20 are driven to move upwards, the spring groove 42 and the lower pressing plate 48 are driven to move upwards, the pushing block 37 is limited by the weight 71, so that the pushing block 37 is unchanged in position but the compression spring 36 is compressed, the lower end of the collecting block 20 is positioned on the upper side of the rotating disc 25, the limiting plate 67 is attracted to the third electromagnet 61, so that the limiting plate 67 moves leftwards, the transmission block 26 moves leftwards and the telescopic spring 30 is compressed, and the second bevel gear 63 is driven to move leftwards due to the movement of the limiting plate 67, so that the first bevel gear 62 is meshed with the second bevel gear 63;

3: the transmission shaft 31 moves leftwards to drive the rotating disc 25 to move leftwards, so that the collecting box 27 is positioned right below the collecting cavity 21, at this time, the driving motor 33 is operated to drive the driving shaft 34 to rotate, so as to drive the rope winding wheel 35 to rotate and loosen the rope 39, the driving shaft 34 drives the first bevel gear 62 to rotate, so as to drive the second bevel gear 63 to rotate, so as to drive the rotating shaft 64 and the cam 65 to rotate, so that when the cam 65 is in contact with the connecting gear 66, the connecting gear 66 rotates, and when the cam 65 is separated from the connecting gear 66, the connecting gear 66 does not rotate, the connecting gear 66 rotates and the transmission shaft 31 rotates, so as to drive the rotating disc 25 to rotate, so that different collecting boxes 27 are positioned at the lower side of the collecting cavity 21, the loosening of the rope 39 again drives the weight 71 to descend, so that the pushing block 37 is pushed downwards, the compression spring 36 is compressed, when the pushing block 37 descends, the lower pressing plate 48, the lower pressing rod 52 and the collecting block 20 cannot descend, and the descending of the pushing block 37 drives the pushing rod 23 and the pushing plate 22 to descend, so that the soil in the collecting cavity 21 is pushed out, and is missed into the collecting box 27 and collected;

4: after the collection is completed, the driving motor 33 is operated to drive the driving shaft 34 to rotate reversely, so that the rope winding wheel 35 rotates reversely, so that the rope winding wheel 39 is wound, the weight 71 is reset, the compression spring 36 is reset, the pushing block 37 moves upwards to be reset, the pushing rod 23 and the pushing plate 22 move upwards to be reset, after the pushing plate 22 is reset, the third electromagnet 61 stops operating, the reset spring 43 and the extension spring 30 are reset, the reset spring 43 resets the moving plate 45, the first electromagnet 55 and the iron block 54 are reset, the supporting spring 18 is reset, the collecting block 20 and the lower pressing rod 52 are reset, the lower pressing plate 48 and the pushing block 37 are reset, the compression spring 36 is completely reset, the driving block 26 moves rightwards when the extension spring 30 is reset, so that the rotating disc 25 moves rightwards to be reset;

5: when a plant sample needs to be collected, the first electromagnet 55 works and attracts the iron block 54, the electric guide rail 57 works to drive the sliding spring 59 to move leftwards, so that the right end of the sliding spring 59 leaves the limiting groove 60, at the moment, the driving motor 33 works to drive the driving shaft 34 to rotate, so that the rope winding wheel 35 rotates and releases the rope 39, at the moment, the first electromagnet 55 attracts the iron block 54, so that the iron block 54 cannot descend, so that the weight 71 cannot descend, at the moment, the sliding spring 59 leaves the limiting groove 60, at the moment, the extension spring 58 resets, so that the translation plate 72 is driven to move backwards, so that the cutting knife 12 enters the external space, then the electric guide rail 57 continues to work to drive the sliding spring 59 to move leftwards, so that the right-side cutting knife 12 is driven to move leftwards, when the two cutting knives 12 contact, cutting of a plant is finished, at the moment, the two cut plants, at this moment, the driving motor 33 works to drive the driving shaft 34 to rotate reversely, so that the rope winding wheel 35 rotates to wind up the rope 39, the translation plate 72 is driven to reset, the extension spring 58 is compressed again, after the translation plate 72 is reset, the electric guide rail 57 works to drive the sliding spring 59 to move rightwards to reset, at this moment, the plant collection sample falls and is positioned in the storage box 16, the plant collection sample is collected, when the sample needs to be taken out, the closing plate 15 is moved manually, and then the sample is taken out.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a nuclear radiation area sample acquisition check out test set, includes the sampling machine, its characterized in that: a boss is fixed at the upper end of the sampler, a lifting cavity with a downward opening and an upper end wall extending into the boss is arranged in the sampler, and a cutting mechanism capable of collecting plant samples is arranged in the left end wall of the lifting cavity; the lifting mechanism is internally provided with a lifting mechanism capable of collecting soil samples with different depths, the lifting mechanism comprises a spring cavity with a right end wall communicated with the lifting cavity, the lifting cavity is internally provided with a collecting block for sampling, the collecting block is internally provided with a collecting cavity with a downward opening, the spring cavity is internally provided with a liftable iron block and a supporting spring for supporting the iron block, the iron block is fixedly connected with the collecting block through a connecting block, the upper side of the iron block is also provided with a first electromagnet capable of repelling and absorbing with the iron block, the upper end of the collecting block is fixedly provided with a lower pressure rod, the upper end of the lower pressure rod is internally fixed with a lower pressure plate, the collecting cavity is internally and slidably connected with a pushing plate, the upper end of the pushing plate is fixedly provided with a pushing rod with an upper end penetrating through the upper end wall of the collecting cavity and positioned in the lifting cavity, and the upper end of the pushing rod is fixedly provided with a compression, the pushing block is fixedly connected with the collecting block through a compression spring, a heavy block is arranged on the upper side of the pushing block, a spring groove with a leftward opening is arranged in the heavy block, a limiting block with the left end positioned at the upper side of the lower pressing plate and a connecting spring for connecting the limiting block and the right end wall of the spring groove are arranged in the spring groove, a moving cavity with a left end wall communicated with the lifting cavity is arranged in the right end wall of the lifting cavity, a moving plate and two return springs for connecting the moving plate and the right end wall of the moving cavity are arranged in the moving cavity, a limiting rod with the right end penetrating through the right end wall of the spring groove, the left end wall of the moving cavity and the moving plate and positioned on the right side of the moving plate is fixed at the right end of the limiting block, a limiting plate is fixed at the right end of the limiting rod, and an elastic rope with the left end penetrating through the upper end wall of the spring cavity and fixedly connected with the first electromagnet is fixed at the upper end of the moving plate; a receiving mechanism capable of receiving soil samples is arranged in the right end wall of the lifting cavity, a driving mechanism for driving the driving device to operate is further arranged on the upper side of the receiving mechanism, the cutting mechanism and the lifting mechanism can automatically finish sample collection of soil and plants, manual operation is not needed, and safety is guaranteed; the cutting mechanism comprises a cutting cavity with a backward opening, a translation plate and an extension spring for connecting the front end wall of the cutting cavity with the translation plate are connected in the cutting cavity in a sliding manner, a sliding cavity with a backward opening is arranged in the translation plate, an electric guide rail is fixedly connected with the front end wall of the sliding cavity, a limiting groove with a leftward opening is arranged in the right end wall of the cutting cavity, a sliding spring which is fixedly connected with the electric guide rail and has a right end positioned in the limiting groove is arranged on the front side of the electric guide rail, a cutting knife is fixed on the front end surface of the translation plate and the front end of the sliding spring, the front end of the cutting knife is positioned in the cutting cavity, two collecting cavities communicated with the external space are arranged in the sampler, a closed cavity with a forward opening is arranged in the rear end wall of the collecting cavity, a closed plate with a front end capable of closing the collecting cavity is arranged in the closed, a second electromagnet which can repel and attract with the storage box is further fixed on the right end wall of the left collection cavity, and the upper end wall of the left collection cavity is communicated with the cutting cavity; the collecting mechanism comprises a rotating disc positioned in the collecting cavity on the right side, eight limiting cavities with upward openings and one side end wall communicated with the collecting cavity are arranged in the rotating disc, a collecting box used for collecting soil samples is arranged in each limiting cavity, a detector capable of detecting radiation is fixed on the upper end wall of the collecting cavity on the right side, a fixed block is further fixed on the upper end wall of the collecting cavity on the right side, a telescopic spring is fixed on the right end of each fixed block, a transmission block is fixed on the right end of each telescopic spring, and a transmission shaft with the lower end penetrating through the transmission block and rotating with the rotating disc is rotatably connected in the middle of each transmission block; the driving mechanism comprises a driving cavity, the upper end of the transmission shaft penetrates through the lower end wall of the driving cavity and is positioned in the driving cavity, the right end wall of the driving cavity is fixedly connected with a driving motor, the left end of the driving motor is in power connection with a driving shaft, the driving shaft is fixedly connected with two rope winding wheels and a first bevel gear, the driving cavity is internally and slidably connected with a limiting plate penetrated through by the upper end of the transmission shaft, the upper end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with a connecting gear, the upper end surface of the limiting plate is also in rotating connection with a rotating shaft, the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a second bevel gear, the left end of the second bevel gear can be in meshing connection with the first bevel gear, the rotating shaft is also fixedly provided with a cam which can be in meshing connection with the connecting gear, and the left end wall of the driving cavity, a rope is wound on the rope winding wheel, the upper end of the rope on the left side penetrates through the upper end wall of the driving cavity and the rear end wall of the cutting cavity and is fixedly connected with the first electromagnet, and the upper end of the rope on the right side penetrates through the upper end wall of the driving cavity and the upper end wall of the lifting cavity and is fixedly connected with the heavy block; the friction force between the rope rolling wheel and the driving shaft is enough to enable the driving shaft to rotate to drive the rope rolling wheel to rotate and wind up or loosen the rope, the magnetic force between the first electromagnet and the iron block is far larger than the sum of the elastic force of the pressing spring, the elastic force of the elastic rope and the elastic force of the supporting spring, and the elastic force of the elastic rope is far larger than the elastic force of the supporting spring.