CN110684644A - Photobioreactor for algae cultivation - Google Patents
Photobioreactor for algae cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110684644A CN110684644A CN201911086981.5A CN201911086981A CN110684644A CN 110684644 A CN110684644 A CN 110684644A CN 201911086981 A CN201911086981 A CN 201911086981A CN 110684644 A CN110684644 A CN 110684644A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/02—Photobioreactors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M31/00—Means for providing, directing, scattering or concentrating light
- C12M31/10—Means for providing, directing, scattering or concentrating light by light emitting elements located inside the reactor, e.g. LED or OLED
Abstract
The invention relates to an algae cultivation photobioreactor which comprises a sealed reactor tank body, wherein a waterproof LED lamp is arranged inside the sealed reactor tank body, at least one LED driving controller is arranged outside the sealed reactor tank body, the waterproof LED lamp comprises an LED chip, a transparent lampshade, a heat dissipation component and an exhaust component, the LED chip is arranged on the outer surface of the heat dissipation component, the LED chip and the heat dissipation component are arranged inside the transparent lampshade, the LED chip can emit light in various wavelength ranges suitable for algae growth, and the LED driving controller is connected with and adjusts the energy of the light in the various wavelength ranges of the LED chip.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of algae cultivation equipment, and particularly relates to an algae cultivation photobioreactor.
Background
Microalgae is an autotrophic plant with rich nutrition and high photosynthetic utilization rate, biomass of the microalgae contains various biochemical substances, such as polysaccharide, protein, grease, carbohydrate, pigment and the like, the microalgae is widely distributed on land and sea, and the microalgae has wide development prospects in the fields of food, medicine, genetic engineering, liquid fuel and the like. The microalgae has high growth speed and strong environmental adaptability, and can be subjected to photosynthetic self-culture in a photobioreactor. Haematococcus pluvialis is a unicellular green alga in which a large amount of astaxanthin is accumulated in cells of Haematococcus pluvialis under conditions of nitrogen deficiency, phosphorus deficiency or irradiation with intense light energy. One of the strongest natural antioxidants of natural astaxanthin in the world can effectively remove oxygen free radicals in cells, enhance the regeneration capacity of the cells, maintain the balance of organisms, reduce the accumulation of aging cells and protect the health of cells and DNA from inside to outside, thereby protecting the health of skin, promoting the growth of hair, resisting aging, relieving sports fatigue and enhancing the vitality.
At present, the large-scale culture of haematococcus pluvialis mainly adopts a runway type culture pond utilizing outdoor natural light, and the main factors hindering the runway type large-scale production of the haematococcus pluvialis are biological pollution and the problem of overhigh cost caused by low yield per unit area due to low population density in the process of culturing the haematococcus pluvialis. Haematococcus pluvialis cultured by using a biological reaction kettle consisting of a pipeline type photo-biological reaction kettle or a small system has the defects that the pipeline wall is easily adhered by algae cells to cause light transmittance reduction, temperature instability and difficulty in cleaning during the culture, so that the method is only suitable for small-scale production in a laboratory.
The existing closed algae culture devices are few and incomplete in function, and particularly, researches on closed reactors suitable for large-scale cultivation of haematococcus pluvialis are few, and the problems of providing energy suitable for the haematococcus pluvialis, particularly meeting the requirements of algae on light energy and heat energy in large-scale algae cultivation so as to improve the quantity and quality of algae cultivation are always the problems researched by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an algae cultivation photobioreactor which comprises a closed reactor tank body, a waterproof LED lamp is arranged inside the closed reactor tank body, at least one LED driving controller is arranged outside the closed reactor tank body, the waterproof LED lamp comprises an LED chip, a transparent lampshade, a heat dissipation component and an exhaust component, the transparent lampshade is arranged in a sealing mode, the LED chip is arranged on the outer surface of the heat dissipation component, the LED chip and the heat dissipation component are arranged inside the transparent lampshade, the LED chip can emit light in various wavelength ranges suitable for algae growth, and the LED driving controller is connected with and adjusts the energy of the light in the various wavelength ranges of the LED chip.
The closed reactor tank body is selected from a vertical type or a horizontal type, and preferably, the closed reactor tank body is a vertical container. More preferably, the closed reactor tank is a cylinder, more preferably, the diameter of the closed reactor tank is 10-150cm, the height of the closed reactor tank is 150-280cm, and a proper cylinder size can be selected according to the actual requirement of algae cultivation. The material of the closed reactor tank body is selected from stainless steel, plastic or organic glass, and preferably, the material of the closed reactor tank body is stainless steel.
Preferably, the top of the airtight reactor tank body is provided with a detachable face cover, the face cover can be provided with various joints, the face cover is connected and sealed with the airtight reactor tank body through a buckle, more preferably, a sealing ring and a flange are arranged between the face cover and the cylinder body, so that the face cover and the airtight reactor tank body can be conveniently and fixedly connected, and the sealing performance of the photobioreactor is improved.
Preferably, the outer wall of the closed reactor tank body is provided with a sight glass, so that the growth condition of algae in the closed reactor tank body can be observed conveniently.
Preferably, a support seat is arranged below the closed reactor tank body and used for supporting and stabilizing the closed reactor tank body, and a space is reserved between the bottom of the closed reactor tank body and the ground so as to facilitate discharge of the algae liquid or the products in the closed reactor tank body. In one embodiment of the present invention, the supporting base is four supporting legs, and is disposed at the periphery of the bottom of the closed reactor tank to fixedly support the closed reactor tank.
The airtight reactor tank body is internally provided with at least one waterproof LED lamp, a support and a condenser pipe, the waterproof LED lamp and the condenser pipe are fixed on the support, the waterproof LED lamp comprises an LED chip, a transparent lampshade, a heat dissipation part, an exhaust part and a waterproof device, the transparent lampshade is hermetically arranged, and the waterproof device is mounted at the top of the transparent lampshade.
The waterproof LED lamp is in a long strip shape and is vertically placed inside the sealed reactor tank body, the waterproof device of the waterproof LED lamp is located at the upper part or the top of the sealed reactor tank body, and preferably, the waterproof device is located above the liquid level of the algae liquid.
The arrangement position of the waterproof LED lamp in the closed reactor tank body is selected from the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the closed reactor tank body, and preferably, the waterproof LED lamp is arranged in the middle of the closed reactor tank body.
The heat dissipation part comprises heat dissipation liquid and a heat dissipation seat, wherein the heat dissipation liquid is filled in the transparent lampshade which is hermetically arranged, and the heat dissipated by the LED chip is LED out of the transparent lampshade.
Preferably, the heat dissipation liquid is colorless transparent silicone oil, namely colorless transparent silicone oil is filled in the transparent lampshade, the heat dissipation seat and the LED chip are immersed in the colorless transparent silicone oil, the silicone oil can absorb heat emitted when the LED chip emits light, the heat dissipation performance of the waterproof LED lamp is improved, the waterproof LED lamp can bear higher power or work for a longer time, in addition, the transmission fidelity ratio of the silicone oil to the light is better than that of the air, and the light emitted by the LED chip is not influenced.
The radiating seat is in a long-strip barrel shape with a polygonal cross section, the LED chips are installed on the radiating seat, and preferably, the LED chips are installed on the outer surfaces of the radiating seat facing different directions in rows. Preferably, the lamp pieces are respectively arranged on the outer surfaces of the heat radiating seat facing different directions, and the LED chips are mounted on the lamp pieces.
Preferably, the LED chips are arranged in rows on the outer surface of the heat dissipation seat, the LED chips with different wavelengths are arranged in a staggered mode, and the arrangement density of the LED chips is reasonably arranged according to the actual length of the heat dissipation seat and the cultured algae quantity of the photobioreactor. For example, one row or two rows of the LED chips are disposed on the outer surface of the heat sink, wherein the first LED chip and the second LED chip are staggered, or the first LED chip and the third LED chip are staggered, or the first LED chip and the fourth LED chip are staggered, or the first LED chip, the second LED chip and the third LED chip are staggered in any order, or the first LED chip, the second LED chip and the fourth LED chip are staggered in any order, or the fourth LED chip, the second LED chip and the third LED chip are staggered in any order.
Preferably, LED chips with different wavelengths are arranged on the same surface of the radiating base, so that 360-degree dead-angle-free illumination is realized. LED chips on the same surface of the heat radiating seat are connected in series or in parallel, after the circuits of the chips are gathered, the chips enter the heat radiating seat from an opening at the bottom of the heat radiating seat, then the chips stretch out of the waterproof device from an opening at the top of the heat radiating seat, and then the chips are connected with an external power supply or a control system, and a waterproof insulating layer is sleeved outside the wires of the circuits.
The material of radiating seat is the metal that the heat conductivity is good, and is preferred, the material of radiating seat is metallic aluminum, is favorable to the LED chip heat dissipation.
The exhaust part is communicated with the inside and the outside of the transparent lampshade which is hermetically arranged and is used for leading out the gas expanded when the inside of the transparent lampshade is heated from the waterproof LED lamp, so that the safe use of the waterproof LED lamp is ensured. Preferably, the exhaust part is an exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe is arranged in a waterproof circuit of the LED chip, and the waterproof circuit can penetrate out of the tank body of the closed reactor and is connected with an external power supply.
The volume expansion after the heat dissipation liquid is heated, simultaneously, the inside air of the transparent lamp shade of sealed setting is heated and also can expand, the blast pipe can with unnecessary air in the transparent lamp shade is derived, prevents that transparent lamp shade internal pressure is too big.
The transparent lampshade which is arranged in a sealed mode protects the LED chip and the circuit, and isolates the algae liquid from the LED chip. The transparent lamp shade of sealed setting is rectangular barrel-shaped, and seals at the bottom, and the top has the opening, the opening at top allows radiating seat, circuit and radiating liquid to pass in and out transparent lamp shade.
The transparent lampshade which is arranged in a sealing mode comprises a waterproof device, the waterproof device is arranged at the top opening of the transparent lampshade which is arranged in a sealing mode, the top opening is sealed, and meanwhile the circuit of the LED chip is allowed to penetrate out of the waterproof device. For example, the waterproof device is a silicone cap and is provided with a clamp which provides a locking seal.
And the circuit of the waterproof LED lamp extends out of the closed reactor tank body through the waterproof connector and then is connected with the LED drive controller.
The LED chip can emit light in a plurality of wavelength ranges selected from the following two or more combined wavelength ranges: 300-400nm, 400-500nm, 500-600nm or 600-780 nm.
The LED driving controller controls the power of the LED chip, so that the waterproof LED lamp provides illumination with different wavelengths and energy ratios of light with different wavelength ranges at different growth stages of algae.
When a single LED chip emits light with one wavelength, the photobioreactor comprises LED chips capable of emitting light with multiple wavelengths, each group of LED chips emits light with one wavelength, each group of LED chips is provided with a corresponding LED drive controller, namely, each LED drive controller controls the power of a group of LED chips with the same wavelength, and further controls the energy of a group of LED chips with the same wavelength, and the LED drive controllers can control the energy ratio of the light with multiple wavelengths; when the power of the LED chip of one wavelength is zero, the light of that wavelength is extinguished, in this way providing illumination of a different wavelength.
For example, the LED chip includes four chips with different wavelengths, the LED chip includes a first LED chip, a second LED chip, a third LED chip and a fourth LED chip, the wavelength of the light emitted by the first LED chip is 400nm, the wavelength of the light emitted by the second LED chip is 500nm, the wavelength of the light emitted by the third LED chip is 500nm, and the wavelength of the light emitted by the fourth LED chip is 600nm, and 780nm, so as to meet different requirements of the algae on the wavelength of the light energy at different growth stages.
The energy ratio of the light with the wavelength of 300-400nm, 400-500nm, 500-600nm and 600-780nm at different growth stages of the algae is selected from (0.1-0.6): (6-9): (0.1-0.6): (85-99) or (0.1-0.9): (35-49): (0.1-0.9): (67-69).
Preferably, the energy ratio of the light with the wavelength of 300-400nm, 400-500nm, 500-600nm and 600-780nm is selected from (0.1-0.4) in different growth stages of the algae: (5.5-8.5): (0.1-0.4): (91-94) or (0.1-0.9): (36-49): (0.1-0.6): (67-69).
The LED driving controller can control the waterproof LED lamp to provide illumination with different wavelengths at different growth stages of haematococcus pluvialis. For example, in the regulation and control stage of haematococcus pluvialis growth, proliferation and population density improvement, the second LED chip and the fourth LED chip of the waterproof LED lamp emit light and respectively provide illumination with wavelengths of 400-780 nm and 600-780 nm; in the stage of regulating and controlling the synthesis and accumulation of astaxanthin in cells by haematococcus pluvialis, the first LED chip, the second LED chip, the third LED chip and the fourth LED chip of the waterproof LED lamp emit light and respectively provide illumination with the wavelengths of 300-400nm, 400-500nm, 500-600nm and 600-780 nm.
When a single LED chip emits light with multiple wavelengths, all the LED chips are connected with the same LED driving controller, and one LED driving controller controls all the LED chips, so that the power of the light with multiple wavelengths is enhanced or weakened at the same time, and the energy is enhanced or weakened at the same time.
The LED driving controller can adjust the light quantum flux density of a single waterproof LED lamp to be 1 multiplied by 104-8×105μmol/m2S, preferably, the photon flux density is 4 × 105-6×105μmol/m2S. The working time of the waterproof LED lamp is a culture period for the rapid growth and proliferation of algae cells, the culture period is 60-300 hours, preferably, the culture period is 60-150 hours, and more preferably, the culture period is 60-100 hours. The total power of the waterproof LED lamp is 60-15000W, and preferably, the total power of the waterproof LED lamp is 60-7800W.
Preferably, the irradiation radius of the waterproof LED lamp is 5-20cm, and more preferably, the irradiation radius of the waterproof LED lamp is 10-15 cm. The irradiation radius of the waterproof LED lamp is adjusted according to the density of algae liquid or the quantity of cultured algae, so that algae cells at all positions in the tank body of the closed reactor can receive enough light energy, and illumination dead corners caused by overlarge density of the algae liquid or too much algae are avoided. Preferably, the waterproof LED lamps are uniformly arranged in the tank body of the closed reactor.
Preferably, the photobioreactor further comprises a power transmitter for measuring the power of the waterproof LED lamp.
The invention unexpectedly discovers that different light quantum flux densities and light periods can be provided for different growth stages of haematococcus pluvialis by regulating and controlling the energy, the light time, the LED chip types and the power of the waterproof LED lamp through the LED driving controller. On the other hand, waterproof LED lamp sets up the design of the above-mentioned specific illumination condition of density cooperation, provides all-round, the adjustable illumination environment of multidimension degree for haematococcus pluvialis, replaces traditional natural lighting or fluorescent lamp to shine completely, has overcome the adverse effect that natural lighting receives conditions such as weather, season, sunshine time, breed pond degree of depth.
The support comprises an upper support and a lower support, the upper support fixedly supports the middle upper part of the waterproof LED lamp, the lower support fixedly supports the middle lower part of the waterproof LED lamp, preferably, the upper support fixedly supports the upper part of the waterproof LED lamp, and the lower support fixedly supports the bottom of the waterproof LED lamp. In one embodiment of the invention, the upper bracket and the lower bracket are provided with criss-cross crossbeams, and a clamping ring is arranged at the intersection of the crossbeams and is used for sleeving and fastening the waterproof LED lamp.
Preferably, the rack further includes an intermediate rack which is coupled to support the condensation duct, and the intermediate rack may take various forms, for example, a longitudinal support bar and/or a lateral support bar provided between the upper rack and the lower rack.
The closed reactor tank body comprises at least one condensing pipe, the shape of the condensing pipe is selected from one or the combination of more than two of linear shape, U-shaped, spiral shape or snake line shape, and preferably, the shape of the condensing pipe is spiral shape. The condenser pipe is arranged at one or more than two positions of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the closed reactor tank body and is immersed below the liquid level of the algae liquid, preferably, the condenser pipe is arranged at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the closed reactor tank body; preferably, the condensation pipe corresponds to the position of the waterproof LED lamp.
Preferably, the number of the condensation pipes is 2-10, and the condensation pipes can be arranged in the closed reactor tank body from top to bottom or arranged in the closed reactor tank body in an array or a square matrix manner. In one embodiment of the invention, 5 spiral condensation pipes are arranged in the closed reactor tank body and are arranged in the sequence from top to bottom.
And cooling water is introduced into the condensation pipe, so that a large amount of heat emitted by the waterproof LED lamp and redundant heat released in the algae growth and metabolism process can be taken out of the closed reactor tank body, and the temperature inside the closed reactor tank body is always kept in a temperature range suitable for algae growth and metabolism. The condenser pipe adjusts the temperature in the closed reactor tank body to be 15-30 ℃, and preferably, the temperature is 20-25 ℃. The condenser pipe is used for adjusting the temperature and combining with the multi-dimensional adjustable illumination condition provided by the waterproof LED lamp, so that a suitable growth environment is provided for algae, and the growth of the algae and the accumulation of astaxanthin are promoted.
And the inlet and the outlet of the condensation pipe are respectively connected with a cold water inlet pipe and a cold water outlet pipe, the cold water inlet pipe and the cold water outlet pipe are connected to a cooling water connector on the outer wall of the closed reactor tank body, and the cooling water connector is connected to a water chiller through a pipeline and a first valve. Preferably, the cooling water joint is arranged at the upper part of the closed reactor tank body.
When a plurality of condensation pipes are arranged, the inlet and the outlet of each condensation pipe can be respectively connected with the cold water inlet pipe and the cold water outlet pipe in a serial or parallel mode, and then water is supplied or discharged from the cooling water joint in a unified mode.
The closed reactor is characterized in that at least one temperature probe is arranged in the closed reactor tank body, the temperature probe is immersed below the liquid level of algae liquid, a circuit of the temperature probe extends out of the closed reactor tank body through a waterproof connector and then is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller), preferably, the PLC is connected with the water chiller, when the temperature in the closed reactor tank body is high, the control system starts the water chiller, the movement of cooling water in a condensation pipe takes away surplus heat, and when the temperature in the closed reactor tank body is low, the control system stops the water chiller.
The photobioreactor also comprises an air supply device which provides carbon dioxide and air required by the growth of algae for the closed reactor tank body. The gas supply device comprises a sterile filter, a gas flow regulator, a first gas joint and a second gas joint, wherein the carbon dioxide gas source and the air gas source are connected with the sterile filter or the gas flow regulator and then connected with the first gas joint, the sequence of the sterile filter and the gas flow regulator can be randomly exchanged, the first gas joint is used as a gas inlet, the second gas joint is used as a gas outlet, and the first gas joint and the second gas joint are arranged on the outer wall of the closed reactor tank body and communicated with the inside of the closed reactor tank body. The gas flow regulator comprises a carbon dioxide flow meter and an air flow meter, and the flow rates of the carbon dioxide and the air are respectively regulated.
When the device is used, carbon dioxide and air control the flow through the carbon dioxide flow meter and the air flow meter, then enter the tank body of the closed reactor through the first gas joint, are subjected to algae growth and metabolism utilization, then pass through the sterile filter from the second gas joint, are subjected to sterilization treatment, and finally are discharged out of the tank body of the closed reactor.
For example, the carbon dioxide gas source is industrial carbon dioxide, the air gas source is compressed air formed by air passing through an air compressor, and the carbon dioxide is used as a carbon source required by algae growth.
The positions of the first gas joint and the second gas joint are selected from a surface cover of the closed reactor tank body, the middle part of the tank body or the bottom of the tank body.
And the carbon dioxide and the air can be independently introduced into the tank body of the closed reactor after being filtered.
The device comprises a closed reactor tank body and is characterized in that at least one pH probe is arranged in the closed reactor tank body, the pH probe is immersed in algae liquid and is connected with a pH controller outside the closed reactor tank body through a line and a waterproof joint, and the pH controller is connected with a carbon dioxide flowmeter and an air flowmeter through a PLC (programmable logic controller) control device. And the pH controller and the PLC control system control the flow of the carbon dioxide supplied to the tank body of the closed reactor to increase or decrease according to the increase or decrease of the pH value detected by the pH probe. The pH probe is used for monitoring whether the pH value of the algae liquid is suitable for the growth of algae in real time, the algae can generate various nutrients and excrement in the growth and metabolism processes, the substances are partially released into the algae liquid and can change the pH value of the algae liquid, and the pH value of the algae liquid is a key factor influencing the growth and metabolism of the algae.
Preferably, the number of the pH probes is 2-5, so that the pH values of the algae liquid at different positions can be monitored conveniently.
The setting position of the pH probe is selected from the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the inside of the tank body of the closed reactor, and preferably, the pH probe is arranged in the middle part of the inside of the tank body of the closed reactor.
The invention combines the pH value of the algae liquid with the carbon source carbon dioxide required by the growth of the algae to regulate and control. After the carbon dioxide is dissolved in the algae liquid, the algae liquid is acidic, and the pH value is reduced, so that the connection between the carbon dioxide and the pH value is established, and the flow of the carbon dioxide is adjusted in a linkage manner by monitoring the pH value of the algae liquid in real time, so that the dual purposes of controlling the supply amount of the carbon source of the algae and the pH value of the algae liquid are achieved at the same time.
The invention finds that the pH value of the algae liquid is controlled within the range of 6-8, which is beneficial to the growth of algae, and the pH value of the algae liquid and the supply of carbon dioxide carbon source both maximally promote the growth of algae, preferably, the pH value is 6.5-7. Meanwhile, the flow rate of the carbon dioxide is 0.05-1L/min, preferably, the flow rate of the carbon dioxide is 0.05-0.3L/min; the air flow rate is 0.7-10L/min, preferably 0.7-5L/min. The present invention has found that when the pH value, the carbon dioxide flow rate and the air flow rate of the algal liquid satisfy the above conditions at the same time, the growth of algae in the algal liquid is good.
Preferably, the bottom of the photobioreactor is provided with an aeration device, more preferably, the aeration device is a nano aeration pipe, and the nano aeration pipe is simple to install, convenient to replace and adjust and low in cost. The setting position of the nano aeration pipe is selected from the bottom in the closed reactor tank body or the lower support, preferably, the nano aeration pipe is uniformly distributed on the lower support, and the nano aeration pipe is uniformly spread by taking the waterproof LED lamp on the lower support as a positioning point or an isolation point, so that the aeration uniformity is improved.
The nano aeration pipe is connected with the first gas connector, the mixed gas of the sterile carbon dioxide and the sterile compressed air uniformly enters the algae liquid through the holes of the nano aeration pipe, and the disturbance of the algae liquid is promoted along with the rising of the bubbles, so that the growth of algae cells is in a suspension state. And regulating and controlling the carbon dioxide flow meter and the air flow meter to enable the algae liquid in the closed reactor tank to be in a flowing state, and keeping the regulation and control performance of the nutrient composition, the dissolved oxygen concentration and the pH value of the algae liquid, so that harmful bacteria breeding and carbon source shortage caused by algae accumulation are prevented, and finally, the death of algae is caused.
The photobioreactor also has the functions of liquid supply and liquid drainage, and the liquid supply function is to provide culture solution, make-up water or algae seed solution supplied by other reactors for the photobioreactor. The liquid discharge function is to discharge liquid such as algae liquid or cleaning liquid in the closed reactor tank body.
The photobioreactor still includes the culture solution joint, the culture solution connects culture solution case and the internal portion intercommunication of airtight reactor jar, for the photobioreactor provides the culture solution, satisfies the growth and the metabolism demand of alga in airtight reactor jar, and is preferred, set up the second valve between culture solution joint and the culture solution case, be convenient for control the supply of culture solution. Preferably, the culture solution connector is arranged on the surface cover.
Preferably, the photobioreactor further comprises a water supply joint for supplying pure water to the algae liquid, and the algae liquid density or nutrient substance density is adjusted according to different growth conditions of algae. The water supply joint is connected with the reverse osmosis device, and a third valve is arranged between the reverse osmosis device and the water supply joint, so that the supply of pure water can be conveniently controlled.
Preferably, the photobioreactor still includes raw materials algae seed joint for to add raw materials algae seed in the airtight reactor jar body, raw materials algae seed joint connection algae seed incubator, be equipped with the fourth valve between algae seed incubator and the raw materials algae seed joint, be convenient for control the supply of algae seed.
The photobioreactor also comprises a liquid discharge device for discharging algae liquid. The drainage device comprises a drainage connector, a multi-way pipe fitting, a sampling valve, a fifth valve and a sixth valve. The liquid discharge joint is arranged at the bottom of the closed reactor tank body and is connected with one opening of the multi-way pipe fitting, and other openings of the multi-way pipe fitting are respectively connected with the sampling valve, the fifth valve and the sixth valve through pipelines. The sampling valve is used for sampling in real time, monitoring the condition of algae in the growth process, judging the harvesting time or adjusting each parameter of the algae culture environment. The fifth valve is a harvesting valve and is connected with the algae treatment device through a pipeline, and finally, a valuable product is obtained. And the sixth valve is a drain valve and is connected with a sewer pipe through a pipeline for discharging waste or cleaning liquid.
Optionally, the sampling valve is separately arranged at the lower part or the bottom of the closed reactor tank body, so that an operator can sample at any time.
Preferably, the photobioreactor further comprises a cleaning device for cleaning the closed reactor tank. Cleaning device includes cleaning head and cleaning fluid joint, cleaning fluid joint and cleaning head are established respectively the surface and the internal surface of airtight reactor jar body face lid, cleaning fluid joint one end is connected airtight reactor jar external pure water case or disinfection water tank, and the other end is connected the cleaning head of airtight reactor jar internal portion, preferably, be equipped with the seventh valve between pure water case or disinfection water tank and the cleaning fluid joint, preferably, the cleaning head is the CIP cleaning head, provides 360 degrees powerful washability, will remaining stubborn algae or algae class metabolite washout in the airtight reactor jar is clean. And after a batch of algae is cultured, discharging the algae out of the closed reactor tank, opening a seventh valve, allowing clear water or sterilized water in the pure water tank or the sterilized water tank to enter a cleaning liquid joint through a pipeline, spraying the clear water or the sterilized water into the closed reactor tank from the cleaning head, cleaning residual algae or algae metabolites, and discharging all dirt and cleaning liquid from a sixth valve of the liquid discharging device.
Preferably, the closed reactor tank body also comprises a liquid level detection device, wherein the liquid level detection device comprises a pressure sensor and a capacitance sensor and is used for monitoring the height of the algae liquid in the closed reactor tank body. In an embodiment of the invention, a liquid level sensor is arranged at the bottom of the closed reactor tank body and is used for monitoring the height of the algae liquid in the closed reactor tank body.
The internal multiple circuit and the pipeline of having of airtight reactor, for example, the circuit of waterproof LED lamp, the circuit of pH probe, the circuit of temperature probe, the gas circuit of carbon dioxide, the gas circuit of air, these circuit and pipeline connect out through a plurality of water joint respectively the airtight reactor jar body, corresponding equipment or air supply are connected respectively to the subdividing, and are preferred, be equipped with the spool box on the external wall of airtight reactor jar, the spool box is used for holding above-mentioned circuit and pipeline, protects above-mentioned circuit and pipeline, the operation of being convenient for.
The photobioreactor further comprises a control system for controlling the waterproof LED lamp, the temperature probe, the pH probe, the carbon dioxide flow meter and the air flow meter. Control system includes LED drive controller, PLC controlling means, pH controller, power transmitter, carbon dioxide flowmeter, air flow meter and control box, LED drive controller, PLC controlling means, pH controller and power transmitter establish the inside of control box, carbon dioxide flowmeter and air flow meter establish the inside or the outside at the control box. The LED driving controller, the pH controller, the power transmitter, the carbon dioxide flowmeter, the air flowmeter, the temperature probe and the liquid level detection device are connected with the PLC control device through lines and are controlled and coordinated by the PLC control device.
Specifically, the LED driving controller is connected with and controls the working time of the waterproof LED lamp and the energy of the emitted light, and the power transmitter is connected with and controls the power of the waterproof LED lamp.
The pH controller is connected with and controls the pH probe, the pH probe collects pH value data of the algae liquid and transmits the pH value data back to the pH controller and the PLC control device, the PLC control device controls the carbon dioxide flow meter to correspondingly increase or decrease the flow of carbon dioxide in a linkage manner according to the increase or decrease of the pH value, so that the pH value of the algae liquid returns to a normal level, and the pH value of the algae is continuously fed back to the pH controller and the PLC control device through the pH probe; meanwhile, the PLC control device reasonably controls the flow of the carbon dioxide according to the quantity of the raw material algae and the culture time of the algae, so as to ensure the sufficient supply of the carbon dioxide; on the other hand, the PLC control device correspondingly controls the air flow meter and adjusts the air flow according to the flow of the carbon dioxide, thereby ensuring the oxygen supply of the algae. The invention realizes the multi-dimensional and coordinated control of various factors of the algae growth environment by the linkage control of the PLC control device on the pH controller, the pH probe, the carbon dioxide flow meter and the air flow meter, and provides a proper growth environment for algae.
The temperature probe is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) through a line, the PLC is connected with and controls the supply of cooling water, namely, the water chiller is controlled, the temperature probe detects the temperature data of the algae liquid in real time and transmits the temperature data back to the PLC, the PLC controls the supply of the cooling water according to the temperature, and the cooling water takes away the water-proof LED lamp in the tank body of the closed reactor and the redundant heat generated by the life activities of the algae.
The liquid level detection device is connected with the PLC control device through a line, monitors and feeds back the liquid level height in the closed reactor tank body in real time, and plays a role in the processes of liquid supply, sampling, liquid drainage and cleaning.
Preferably, control system still includes the exhaust fan, does control system in time dispels the heat, the fretwork department in the side of control box is established to the exhaust fan.
Preferably, the outer surface of the control box can be further provided with a data display screen for displaying various parameters and operating conditions of the photobioreactor, such as temperature, pH value, carbon dioxide flow, air flow, liquid level height, and parameters of the number, working time, wavelength, power and the like of waterproof LED lamps, so that an operator can conveniently observe and control the photobioreactor.
Preferably, all of the connectors of the present invention are quick connectors.
The invention also provides a using method of the photobioreactor, which comprises the following steps:
(1) opening the second valve and the fourth valve to input culture solution and raw material algae seeds into the tank body of the closed reactor;
(2) turning on a power supply and starting the control system;
(3) starting the waterproof LED lamp through the LED driving controller, and controlling illumination parameters;
(4) opening a carbon dioxide gas source and an air gas source, controlling the flow of gas through the carbon dioxide flow meter and the air flow meter, and introducing gas into the tank body of the closed reactor;
(5) opening the first valve, and controlling the supply of cooling water and the temperature of the algae liquid through the temperature probe;
(6) monitoring the pH value of the algae liquid through a pH probe and a pH controller;
(7) after the algae culture is finished, opening a fifth valve of the liquid discharge device, and harvesting the algae;
(8) after harvesting is completed, the fifth valve is closed, the sixth valve is opened, residual dirt in the closed reactor tank body is discharged, all the valves, the control system and the power supply are closed, and the next use is waited.
Preferably, the use method comprises the following steps:
(1) inputting raw material algae seeds into the closed reactor tank through the fourth valve, and inputting culture solution into the closed reactor tank through the second valve;
(2) turning on a power supply, starting the control system, and observing liquid level change through the liquid level detection device;
(3) starting the waterproof LED lamp through the LED driving controller, and controlling illumination parameters;
(4) opening a carbon dioxide gas source and an air gas source, controlling the flow of gas through the carbon dioxide flow meter and the air flow meter, introducing gas into the tank body of the closed reactor, and starting aeration by the aeration device;
(5) opening the first valve, and controlling the supply of cooling water and the temperature of the algae liquid through the temperature probe;
(6) monitoring the pH value of the algae liquid through a pH probe and a pH controller;
(7) extracting an algae liquid sample through the sampling valve, and observing the growth condition of algae;
(8) after the algae culture is finished, opening a fifth valve of the liquid discharge device, and harvesting the algae;
(9) and after harvesting is completed, closing the fifth valve, opening the seventh valve, cleaning the sealed reactor tank body, discharging cleaning liquid and dirt from the sixth valve, and closing all the valves, the control system and the power supply of the cleaned photobioreactor to wait for next use.
The algae of the invention is photoautotrophic algae, preferably haematococcus pluvialis, and the raw algae species is preferably haematococcus pluvialis.
The photobioreactor provided by the invention solves the problem that the traditional microalgae culture mode is adversely affected by weather, light, pollution, environmental temperature and the like, and further solves the problems of poor growth stability and over-slow speed of microalgae in a natural environment. By providing the microalgae with a spectrum which is pertinently suitable for photosynthesis and a good and stable culture environment, the growth speed of the microalgae can be greatly improved, the yield per unit area is high, the problems of influence of natural environmental factors on the microalgae, heavy metal pollution, fungal infection, competition of other algae and the like are greatly reduced, and the growth period of the microalgae is shortened. The photo-bioreactor for cultivating haematococcus pluvialis can promote the astaxanthin content in the haematococcus pluvialis to be 4.5-8% of the dry weight of cells, and the maximum astaxanthin content generated by cultivating the haematococcus pluvialis by adopting traditional sunlight or a fluorescent tube and the like is less than 1.8-2.0% of the dry weight of the cells. The photobioreactor can further solve the problem that a large amount of microalgae is dead due to cross infection of the large amount of chytrid or large-area pollution when the microalgae is cultured on a large scale through modularization, industrialization and standardization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows an overall perspective view of a photobioreactor according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a side perspective view of the photobioreactor according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a structural view showing a heat sink of the waterproof LED lamp 5.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the circuit of the waterproof LED lamp 5.
Fig. 5 is a structural view showing the waterproof LED lamp 5.
Fig. 6 shows a structural view of an alternative waterproof LED lamp 5.
In the figure, 1-a pH probe, 2-a liquid level sensor, 3-a sampling valve, 4-a control box, 5-a waterproof LED lamp, 500-a fifth LED drive controller, 501-an exhaust pipe, 502-an end cap, 503-a transparent lampshade, 504-colorless transparent silicone oil, 505-a first LED chip, 506-a second LED chip, 507-a third LED chip, 508-a fourth LED chip, 509-a first LED drive controller, 510-a second LED drive controller, 511-a third LED drive controller, 512-a fourth LED drive controller, 513-a waterproof jacket, 514-a lamp piece, 515-a radiating seat, 516-a circuit, 6-1-an upper bracket, 6-2-a lower bracket, 7-a condenser pipe and 8-a CIP cleaning head, 9-waterproof joint, 10-1-gas joint, 10-2-cleaning fluid joint, 10-3-raw material algae seed joint, 10-4-make-up water joint, 10-5-culture fluid joint, 11-sight glass, 12-sterile filter, 13-buckle, 14-sealing ring, 15-1-carbon dioxide flowmeter, 15-2-air flowmeter, 16-pH controller, 17-power transmitter, 18-LED drive controller, 19-surface cover, 20-closed reactor tank, 21-flange, 22-PLC control device, 23-exhaust fan, 24-nano aeration pipe, 25-drainage joint, 26-middle support, 27-wire box, 28-1-third valve, 28-2-fourth valve, 28-3-seventh valve, 28-4-second valve, 28-5-fifth valve, 28-6-sixth valve, 28-7-first valve, 29-temperature probe, 30-supporting foot.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The structure of the photobioreactor for algae cultivation in this embodiment is shown in fig. 1 and 2, the algae or algae cells in this embodiment are haematococcus pluvialis or haematococcus pluvialis cells, and the algae species is haematococcus pluvialis. The main body of the algae cultivation photobioreactor is a closed reactor tank body 20, the closed reactor tank body 20 is a vertical cylinder, the diameter is 100cm, the height is 225cm, the designed solution containing amount is 1000L, and the material of the closed reactor tank body 20 is stainless steel.
The top of the closed reactor tank body 20 is provided with a detachable surface cover 19, the surface cover 19 is provided with a gas joint 10-1, a cleaning liquid joint 10-2, a raw material algae seed joint 10-3, a water supplementing joint 10-4 and a culture solution joint 10-5, the surface cover 19 is connected and sealed with the closed reactor tank body 20 through a buckle 13, and a sealing ring 14 and a flange 21 are arranged between the surface cover 19 and the closed reactor tank body 20, so that the surface cover 19 and the closed reactor tank body 20 can be conveniently and fixedly connected, and the sealing performance of the photobioreactor is improved. The sight glass 11 is arranged on the outer wall of the closed reactor tank 20, so that the growth condition of algae in the closed reactor tank 20 can be observed conveniently.
The four supporting legs 30 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the closed reactor tank 20 and are used for supporting and stabilizing the closed reactor tank 20, and meanwhile, a space is reserved between the bottom of the closed reactor tank 20 and the ground, so that the algae liquid or products in the closed reactor tank 20 can be conveniently discharged.
The sealed reactor tank body 20 comprises 40 waterproof LED lamps 5, an upper support 6-1, a lower support 6-2 and a condenser pipe 7, the tops of the waterproof LED lamps 5 and the condenser pipe 7 are fixed on the upper support 6-1, the bottoms of the waterproof LED lamps are fixed on the lower support 6-2, the irradiation radius of the waterproof LED lamps is 10cm, the waterproof LED lamps are uniformly arranged, algae cells at all positions in the sealed reactor tank body 20 can receive enough light energy, and illumination dead angles caused by overlarge density of algae liquid or excessive algae are avoided.
The waterproof LED lamp 5 is structured as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the waterproof LED lamp 5 includes an LED chip, a transparent cover 503 hermetically disposed, a heat dissipating member, an exhaust member, and a waterproof device, and the waterproof device is mounted on the top of the transparent cover 503 hermetically disposed.
The waterproof LED lamp 5 is in a long strip shape and is vertically placed in the middle of the closed reactor tank body 20, the transparent lampshade 503 protects the LED chip and the circuit 516, and the algae liquid is isolated from the LED chip. The transparent housing 503 has a barrel shape with a bottom sealed and a top opening that allows the heat sink 515 and the circuit 516 to enter and exit the transparent housing 503.
The waterproof device of the waterproof LED lamp 5 is an end cap 502, and the end cap 502 is disposed at the top opening of the transparent lampshade 503 and seals the top opening of the transparent lampshade 503, while allowing the circuit 516 of the LED chip to penetrate through the end cap 502. The upper end and the lower end of the end cap 502 are provided with openings, and the openings at the upper end and the lower end are locked by using a hose clamp and are positioned above the liquid level of the algae liquid.
The LED chip comprises a first LED chip 505, a second LED chip 506, a third LED chip 507 and a fourth LED chip 508, wherein the wavelength of the first LED chip 505 is 400nm plus 300-.
The present embodiment includes three LED driving controllers, each of which controls the power of one LED chip with the same wavelength, and further controls the energy of one LED chip with the same wavelength, that is, the first LED driving controller 509 controls the first LED chip 505, the second LED driving controller 510 controls the second LED chip 506, the third LED driving controller 511 controls the third LED chip 507, and the fourth LED driving controller 512 controls the fourth LED chip 508. When the power of the LED chip of one wavelength is zero, the light of that wavelength is extinguished, in this way providing illumination of a different wavelength.
The energy ratio of light with the wavelengths of 300-400nm, 400-500nm, 500-600nm and 600-780nm is 0.1: 36: : 0.1: 67.
the light quantum flux density of the waterproof LED lamp 5 is 6 multiplied by 105μmol/m2S, the working time of the waterproof LED lamp 5 is a culture period for the rapid growth and proliferation of the algae cells, the culture period is 60 hours, and the power is 300W. A power transmitter may be used for measuring the power of the watertight LED lamp 5.
The heat dissipation part comprises heat dissipation liquid and a heat dissipation seat 515, the heat dissipation liquid is colorless transparent silicone oil 504, namely colorless transparent silicone oil 504 is filled in the transparent lampshade 503, the heat dissipation seat 515 and the LED chip are immersed in the colorless transparent silicone oil 504, the colorless transparent silicone oil 504 can absorb heat emitted when the LED chip emits light, the heat dissipation performance of the waterproof LED lamp 5 is improved, the waterproof LED lamp 5 can bear higher power or work for a longer time, in addition, the transmission fidelity rate of the colorless transparent silicone oil 504 to light is better than that of air, and light emitted by the LED chip is not influenced.
The heat dissipation base 515 is a long-strip barrel shape with a square cross section, the lamp pieces 514 are respectively arranged on the outer surfaces of the heat dissipation base 515 facing different directions, and the LED chips are mounted on the lamp pieces 514. The LED chips are arranged in a row on the outer surface of the heat sink 515, and the arrangement is repeated from top to bottom in the order of the first LED chip 505, the second LED chip 506, the third LED chip 507, and the fourth LED chip 508. The LED chips on the same surface of the heat radiating seat 515 are connected in series or in parallel, after the circuits 516 of the chips are converged, the chips enter the heat radiating seat 515 from an opening at the bottom of the heat radiating seat 515, then extend out of the end cap 502 from an opening at the top of the heat radiating seat 515 and are connected with an external power supply or control system, and the outer part of the wire of the circuit 516 is sleeved with a waterproof outer sleeve 513. The heat dissipation base 515 is made of metal aluminum, which is beneficial to heat dissipation of the LED chip.
The exhaust member is an exhaust pipe 501, and the exhaust pipe 501 is provided inside the waterproof jacket 513 and extends out of the transparent lamp housing 503 together with the circuit 516. The exhaust pipe 501 communicates the inside and the outside of the transparent lamp enclosure 503, and is configured to guide the gas expanded by heat inside the transparent lamp enclosure 503 out of the waterproof LED lamp 5. Colorless transparent silicone oil 504 is heated the back volume expansion, and simultaneously, the inside air of transparent lamp shade 503 is heated and also can expand, and blast pipe 501 can be derived the unnecessary air in transparent lamp shade 503, prevents that transparent lamp shade 503 internal pressure is too big.
The circuit 516 of the waterproof LED lamp 5 extends out of the closed reactor tank 20 through a waterproof joint and then connects to the LED drive controller.
The support is made of stainless steel and comprises an upper support 6-1, a lower support 6-2 and a middle support 26, the upper support 6-1 and the lower support 6-2 are provided with criss-cross crossbeams, a clamping ring is arranged at the intersection of the two crossbeams, and the clamping ring is used for being sleeved with the waterproof LED lamp 5. The middle bracket 26 is a longitudinal support bar fixed between the upper bracket 6-1 and the lower bracket 6-2, and is used for fixing the condensation duct 7.
The closed reactor tank 20 internally comprises five condensation pipes 7, the condensation pipes 7 are spiral and are sequentially arranged at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the closed reactor tank 20 from top to bottom, and all the condensation pipes 7 are immersed below the liquid level of the algae liquid. The cooling water is introduced into the condensation pipe 7, and a large amount of heat emitted by the waterproof LED lamp 5 and redundant heat released in the algae growth and metabolism process are taken out of the closed reactor tank body 20, so that the temperature inside the closed reactor tank body 20 is always kept in a temperature range suitable for algae growth and metabolism. The condenser tube 7 adjusts the temperature inside the closed reactor tank 20 to 25 ℃. The inlets and outlets of the 5 condenser pipes 7 connected in series are respectively connected with a cold water inlet pipe and a cold water outlet pipe, the cold water inlet pipe and the cold water outlet pipe are connected to a cooling water connector at the upper part of the outer wall of the closed reactor tank body 20, water is supplied by the cooling water connectors uniformly, and the cooling water connectors are connected to a water chiller through pipelines and first valves 28-7.
A temperature probe 29 is arranged in the sealed reactor tank 20, the temperature probe 29 is immersed below the liquid level of algae liquid, the circuit of the temperature probe 29 extends out of the sealed reactor tank 20 through a waterproof connector 9 and then is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) 22, the PLC 22 is connected with a water cooler, when the temperature in the sealed reactor tank 20 is high, the PLC 22 starts the water cooler, the movement of cooling water in a condenser pipe 7 brings away redundant heat, and when the temperature in the sealed reactor tank 20 is low, the PLC 22 stops the water cooler temporarily. The temperature probe 29 is combined with the multi-dimensional adjustable lighting conditions provided by the waterproof LED lamp 5 to provide a suitable growing environment for Haematococcus pluvialis, and promote the growth of Haematococcus pluvialis and the accumulation of astaxanthin.
The photobioreactor further comprises a gas supply device for supplying carbon dioxide and air required for algae growth to the photobioreactor. The gas supply device comprises a sterile filter 12, a carbon dioxide flowmeter 15-1, an air flowmeter 15-2, a gas connector 10-1 and a second gas connector, one end of the carbon dioxide flowmeter 15-1 and one end of the air flowmeter 15-2 are connected with a carbon dioxide gas source and an air gas source, the other end of the carbon dioxide flowmeter 15-1 and the air flowmeter 15-2 are connected with the sterile filter 12, the sterile filter 12 is connected with the gas connector 10-1, the gas connector 10-1 serves as a gas inlet, the second gas connector serves as a gas outlet, the gas connector 10-1 is arranged on a surface cover of the closed reactor tank body, and the second gas connector is arranged on the middle upper portion of the.
The carbon dioxide gas source is industrial carbon dioxide, the air gas source is compressed air formed by air passing through an air compressor, and the carbon dioxide is used as a carbon source necessary for the growth of algae. When the device is used, carbon dioxide and air control flow through the carbon dioxide flow meter 15-1 and the air flow meter 15-2, are sterilized through the sterile filter 12, then enter the closed reactor tank 20 through the gas connector 10-1, and flow out of the closed reactor tank 20 through the second gas connector after the carbon dioxide and the air are subjected to algae growth and metabolism utilization.
A pH probe 1 is arranged at the middle lower part of a closed reactor tank body 20, the pH probe 1 is immersed in algae liquid and is connected with a pH controller 16 outside the closed reactor tank body 20 through a line and a waterproof joint 9, and the pH controller 16 is connected with a carbon dioxide flowmeter 15-1 and an air flowmeter 15-2 through a PLC (programmable logic controller) 22. The pH probe 1 is used for monitoring whether the pH value of the algae liquid is suitable for the growth of algae in real time, the algae can generate various nutrients and excrement in the growth and metabolism process, the substances are partially released into the algae liquid and can change the pH value of the algae liquid, and the pH value of the algae liquid is a key factor influencing the growth and metabolism of the algae.
The pH value of the algae liquid in the embodiment is controlled to be 6.8, which is beneficial to the growth of algae, and meanwhile, the flow rate of carbon dioxide is 0.3L/min, and the flow rate of air is 5L/min. The invention combines the pH value of the algae liquid with carbon source carbon dioxide which is necessary for the growth of algae to regulate and control. After the carbon dioxide is dissolved in the algae liquid, the algae liquid is acidic, and the pH value is reduced, so that the connection between the carbon dioxide and the pH value is established, and the carbon dioxide flow is adjusted in a linkage manner by monitoring the pH value of the algae liquid in real time, so that the dual purposes of controlling the supply amount of the algae carbon source and the pH value of the algae liquid are achieved at the same time.
The photobioreactor also comprises an aeration device which is a nano aeration pipe 24, and the nano aeration pipe 24 is simple to install, convenient to replace and adjust and low in cost. The nano aeration pipes 24 are uniformly distributed on the lower support 6-2, and the nano aeration pipes 24 are uniformly spread by using the waterproof LED lamps 5 on the lower support 6-2 as positioning points or isolation points, so that the aeration uniformity is improved.
The nano aeration pipe 24 is connected with the gas connector 10-1, and the mixed gas of sterile carbon dioxide and sterile compressed air uniformly enters the algae liquid through the holes of the nano aeration pipe 24, and the disturbance of the algae liquid is promoted along with the rising of bubbles, so that the growth of algae cells is in a suspension state, the regulation and control performance of the nutrient composition, the dissolved oxygen concentration and the pH value of the algae liquid are maintained, and the algae is prevented from being accumulated to cause the breeding of harmful bacteria and the lack of a carbon source, and finally the death of the algae is caused.
The photobioreactor also has the functions of liquid supply and liquid drainage, and the liquid supply function is to provide culture solution, make-up water or algae seed solution supplied by other reactors for the photobioreactor. The liquid discharge function is to discharge the algae liquid, the cleaning liquid and other liquids in the photobioreactor.
The culture solution connector 10-5 is used for communicating the culture solution box with the inside of the closed reactor tank body 20 to provide culture solution for the photobioreactor, so that the growth and metabolism requirements of algae are met, and a second valve 28-4 is arranged between the culture solution connector 10-5 and the culture solution box, so that the supply of the culture solution is convenient to control. The water supply joint 10-4 is used for supplying pure water to the algae liquid and adjusting the density of the algae liquid or the density of nutrient substances according to different growth conditions of algae. The water supply joint 10-4 is connected with a reverse osmosis device, and a third valve 28-1 is arranged between the reverse osmosis device and the water supply joint 10-4, so that the supply of pure water is convenient to control. The raw material algae connector 10-3 is used for adding raw material algae into the photobioreactor, the raw material algae connector is connected with an algae incubator, and a fourth valve 28-2 is arranged between the algae incubator and the raw material algae connector 10-3, so that the supply of algae is convenient to control.
The drainage means comprises a drainage connector 25, a tee fitting, a sample valve 3, a fifth valve 28-5 and a sixth valve 28-6. The liquid discharge joint 25 is arranged at the bottom of the closed reactor tank 20 and is connected with one opening of the tee pipe, and the other openings of the tee pipe are respectively connected with the fifth valve 28-5 and the sixth valve 28-6 through pipelines. The sampling valve 3 is independently arranged at the lower part of the closed reactor tank body 20, so that an operator can sample at any time, the condition of the algae liquid in the growth process is monitored, and the harvesting time is judged or all parameters of the algae culture environment are adjusted. The fifth valve 28-5 is a harvest valve and is connected to the algae processing plant via a pipe to finally obtain a valuable product. The sixth valve 28-6 is a drain valve and is connected to a sewer pipe through a pipe for discharging waste or cleaning solution.
The photobioreactor further comprises a cleaning device for cleaning the closed reactor tank 20. The cleaning device comprises a CIP cleaning head 8 and a cleaning liquid joint 10-2, the cleaning liquid joint 10-2 and the CIP cleaning head 8 are respectively arranged on the outer surface and the inner surface of the surface cover of the closed reactor tank body 20, one end of the cleaning liquid joint 10-2 is connected with a disinfection water tank outside the closed reactor tank body 20, the other end of the cleaning liquid joint is connected with the CIP cleaning head 8, and a seventh valve 28-3 is arranged between the disinfection water tank and the cleaning liquid joint 10-2. After a batch of algae is cultured, discharging out of the closed reactor tank body 20, then opening a seventh valve 28-3, introducing disinfectant water in a disinfectant tank into a cleaning liquid joint 10-2 through a pipeline, finally spraying into the closed reactor tank body 20 from the CIP cleaning head 8, cleaning residual algae or algae metabolites, and discharging all dirt and cleaning liquid from the sixth valve 28-6.
The bottom of the closed reactor tank 20 is provided with a liquid level sensor 2, and is connected with a PLC control device 22 through a line, the liquid level height in the closed reactor tank 20 is monitored and fed back in real time, and the liquid level sensor plays a role in the processes of liquid supply, sampling, liquid drainage and cleaning.
The circuit of the waterproof LED lamp 5, the circuit of the pH probe 1, the circuit of the temperature probe 29, the gas circuit of carbon dioxide and the gas circuit of air in the closed reactor tank 20 are respectively connected out of the closed reactor tank 20 through a plurality of waterproof joints 9, a line box 27 is arranged on the outer wall of the closed reactor tank 20, the line box 27 is used for accommodating the lines and the pipelines, and then the lines and the pipelines are respectively connected with corresponding equipment or gas sources to protect the lines and the pipelines and facilitate operation.
The photobioreactor further comprises a control system for controlling the waterproof LED lamp 5, the temperature probe 29, the pH probe 1, the carbon dioxide flow meter 15-1 and the air flow meter 15-2. The control system comprises an LED drive controller 18, a PLC control device 22, a pH controller 16, a power transmitter 17, a carbon dioxide flowmeter 15-1, an air flowmeter 15-2 and a control box 4, wherein the LED drive controller 18, the PLC control device 22, the pH controller 16 and the power transmitter 17 are arranged inside the control box 4, and the carbon dioxide flowmeter 15-1 and the air flowmeter 15-2 are arranged on the outer side of the control box 4. The LED drive controller 18 internally mounts a first LED drive controller 509, a second LED drive controller 510, a third LED drive controller 511, and a fourth LED drive controller 512. The LED drive controller 18, the pH controller 16, the power transmitter 17, the carbon dioxide flow meter 15-1, the air flow meter 15-2, the temperature probe 29 and the liquid level sensor 2 are connected with the PLC control device 22 through lines and are controlled and coordinated by the PLC control device 22. The side of the control box 4 is provided with a hollow-out fan 23 for timely heat dissipation of the control system. The outer surface of the control box 4 is also provided with a data display screen for displaying all parameters and operation conditions of the photobioreactor, so that an operator can observe and control the photobioreactor conveniently.
The PLC control device 22 can adjust the power of the waterproof LED lamp 5 by controlling the first LED driving controller 509, the second LED driving controller 510, and the third LED driving controller 511.
The pH controller 16 is connected with and controls the pH probe 1, the pH probe 1 collects pH value data of the algae liquid and transmits the pH value data back to the pH controller 16 and the PLC control device 22, the PLC control device 22 controls the carbon dioxide flowmeter 15-1 in a linkage manner to correspondingly increase or reduce the flow of carbon dioxide according to the increase or decrease of the pH value, so that the pH value of the algae liquid returns to a normal level, and the pH value of the algae is continuously fed back to the pH controller 16 and the PLC control device 22 through the pH probe 1; meanwhile, the PLC control device 22 reasonably controls the flow of the carbon dioxide according to the quantity of the raw material algae and the culture time of the algae, so as to ensure the sufficient supply of the carbon dioxide; on the other hand, the PLC control device 22 controls the air flow meter 15-2 accordingly according to the flow rate of the carbon dioxide, and adjusts the air flow rate to ensure the oxygen supply of the algae.
Example 2
The structure of the waterproof LED lamp 5 of this embodiment is shown in fig. 6, a single LED chip of the waterproof LED lamp 5 emits light with multiple wavelengths, that is, each LED chip can emit light with wavelengths of 300-.
The other structure of the photobioreactor in this example was the same as that of example 1.
Example 3 method of use
The photobioreactor for algae cultivation used in this example is the photobioreactor for algae cultivation of example 1, and the using method thereof includes the following steps:
(1) inputting raw material algae seeds into the reactor tank 20 through a fourth valve 28-2, and inputting culture solution into the closed reactor tank 20 through a second valve 28-4;
(2) turning on a power supply, starting a control system, and observing liquid level change through a liquid level sensor 2;
(3) the waterproof LED lamp 5 is started by the LED drive controller 18 and the illumination parameters are controlled, specifically, the light quantum flux density is 4 multiplied by 105-6×105μmol/m2S, the illumination time is 60 hours, and the power is 60-7800W;
(4) opening a carbon dioxide gas source and an air gas source, respectively controlling the flow of carbon dioxide to be 0.3L/min and the flow of air to be 5L/min through a carbon dioxide flow meter 15-1 and an air flow meter 15-2, introducing gas into the closed reactor tank body 20, and starting aeration through a nano aeration pipe 24;
(5) opening a first valve 28-7, and monitoring the supply of cooling water and the temperature of the algae liquid at about 25 ℃ through a temperature probe 29;
(6) monitoring the pH value of the algae liquid to be about 6.8 through a pH probe 1 and a pH controller 16;
(7) extracting an algae liquid sample through a sampling valve 3, and observing the growth condition of algae;
(8) after the algae culture is finished, opening a fifth valve 28-5 of the liquid discharge device, and harvesting the algae;
(9) and after the harvesting is finished, closing the fifth valve 28-5, opening the seventh valve 28-3, cleaning the sealed reactor tank body 20, discharging cleaning liquid and dirt from the sixth valve 28-6, and closing all valves, the control system and the power supply of the cleaned photobioreactor to wait for the next use.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an alga breeds photobioreactor, includes the airtight reactor jar body, its characterized in that, the internal portion of airtight reactor jar is equipped with waterproof LED lamp, and the external portion of airtight reactor jar is equipped with at least one LED drive controller, waterproof LED lamp includes LED chip, sealed transparent lamp shade, heat dissipation part and the exhaust part that sets up, the LED chip is established at the surface of heat dissipation part, and LED chip and heat dissipation part are established inside the sealed transparent lamp shade that sets up, the LED chip can send the light that is suitable for the multiple wavelength range of algae growth, LED drive controller connects and adjusts the energy of the light of the multiple wavelength range of LED chip.
2. The photobioreactor according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of wavelength ranges are selected from wavelength ranges in a combination of two or more of: 300-400nm, 400-500nm, 500-600nm or 600-780 nm.
3. The photobioreactor as recited in claim 2, wherein the energy ratio of the light with the wavelengths of 300-400nm, 400-500nm, 500-600nm and 600-780nm at different growth stages of the algae is selected from (0.1-0.4): (5.5-8.5): (0.1-0.4): (91-94) or (0.1-0.9): (36-49): (0.1-0.6): (67-69).
4. The photobioreactor of claim 1, wherein the heat dissipating component comprises a heat dissipating liquid and a heat dissipating base, and the heat dissipating liquid is filled in the sealed transparent lampshade to conduct heat dissipated by the LED chip out of the sealed transparent lampshade.
5. The photobioreactor as recited in claim 4, wherein the heat sink has a shape of an elongated barrel having a polygonal cross section, and the LED chips are mounted in rows on the outer surface of the heat sink facing in different directions; the material of the heat dissipation seat is preferably metal aluminum.
6. The photobioreactor as recited in claim 1, wherein the exhaust member communicates between the interior and exterior of the hermetically sealed transparent enclosure for conducting thermally expanded gases from the interior of the transparent enclosure away from the waterproof LED lamp.
7. The photobioreactor according to claim 6, wherein the exhaust component is an exhaust tube disposed in the waterproof circuit of the LED chip.
8. The photobioreactor of claim 1, wherein the LED drive controller controls the power of the LED chips such that the waterproof LED lamp provides illumination at different wavelengths and energy ratios of light in different wavelength ranges at different stages of algae growth.
9. The photobioreactor according to claim 1, wherein at least one pH probe is arranged inside the sealed reactor tank, the pH probe is connected with a pH controller outside the sealed reactor tank through a line, the pH controller is connected with a carbon dioxide flowmeter and an air flowmeter through a PLC control device, and the pH controller and the PLC control system control the flow rate of carbon dioxide supplied to the sealed reactor tank to increase or decrease according to the increase or decrease of the pH value detected by the pH probe.
10. The photobioreactor according to claim 9, wherein the closed reactor tank comprises at least one condenser pipe inside, the shape of the condenser pipe is selected from one or a combination of more than two of linear shape, U-shape, spiral shape or serpentine shape, and the condenser pipe is arranged at one or more than two positions of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the closed reactor tank;
the inlet and the outlet of the condenser pipe are respectively connected with a cold water inlet pipe and a cold water outlet pipe, and the cold water inlet pipe and the cold water outlet pipe are connected with a water chiller outside the tank body of the closed reactor;
at least one temperature probe is arranged in the closed reactor tank body and connected with the PLC control device through a line, and the PLC control device is connected with the water chiller.
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