CN110683365A - Automatic unstacking and stacking machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic depalletizing stacker, comprising a frame, a holding device installed on the frame for holding materials, and a conveying device installed on the frame and used for conveying materials to the lower part of the holding device. A material transfer device is arranged below the holding device for conveying materials between the conveying device and the holding device. The automatic depalletizing and palletizing machine has the advantages of high integration, simple and compact structure, small occupied space, low cost, and high depalletizing efficiency.

Description

Automatic depalletizer

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of logistics equipment, in particular to an automatic depalletizing and palletizing machine.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the logistics industry, the degree of automation and efficiency of logistics equipment is getting higher and higher, but as far as the civil explosive industry is concerned, the transportation and logistics equipment of the civil explosive industry is relatively backward, and it is urgent to transform or innovate new equipment according to its own requirements. To meet the rapid development of the civil explosive industry.

In the current civil explosive industry, there is no automatic pallet palletizer or pallet unstacker. The palletizing and unstacking are all done manually, which is inefficient and consumes labor costs. However, most of the existing palletizers and depalletizers on the market are independent equipment, which have problems such as complex structure, high cost, large floor space, and low efficiency, and the existing palletizers and depalletizers do not have explosion-proof functions. , unable to meet the safety production needs of the demolition and palletizing of materials in the civil explosive industry.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an automatic depalletizer with high integration, simple and compact structure, small occupied space, low cost and high depalletization efficiency.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An automatic depalletizing stacker includes a frame, a holding device installed on the frame for holding materials, and a conveying device installed on the frame for conveying materials to the lower part of the holding device, the holding device The lower part of the device is provided with a material transfer device for conveying materials between the conveying device and the holding device.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

The material transfer device includes a material carrying platform and a lift drive assembly, and the drive end of the lift drive assembly is connected to the material carrying platform and can drive the material carrying platform between the conveying surface of the conveying device and the height above the material held by the holding device. Lifting movement within the height range.

The lift drive assembly includes two or more rotating shafts and a rotary drive mechanism that drives the two rotating shafts to rotate synchronously. The two or more rotating shafts are rotatably mounted on the frame and are arranged parallel to each other in the horizontal plane. The two ends of each rotating shaft are respectively There are rocker arms, all the rocker arms are arranged in parallel with each other, each rocker arm is equipped with a supporting roller, the bearing platform is provided with two sliding grooves, and the supporting rollers on the rocker arms at one end of the two or more rotating shafts are placed on one of them. In the groove, the supporting rollers on the rocker arms at the other ends of the two or more rotating shafts are placed in another chute.

The frame is provided with guide rails, and the material carrying platform is provided with guide rollers that move along the guide rails to guide the lifting movement of the material carrying platform.

The conveying device includes two annular conveying chains driven by chain drive components, the two annular conveying chains are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and each annular conveying chain is provided with a straight conveying section for carrying materials and moving with them, The material transfer device is located between two endless conveyor chains.

The conveying device further includes a material blocking component for blocking the material when the material moves to a preset position directly below the holding device.

The stopper assembly includes more than one stopper and a stopper telescopic drive that drives the stopper to move up and down in a height range between above and below the straight conveying section.

The holding device includes a material space arranged on the rack to allow the material to move up and down and two groups of holding units installed on the rack. The two groups of holding units are located on both sides of the material space, and each holding unit includes One or more holders and a drive assembly for driving the holders into and out of the material space.

The drive assembly includes a swing shaft rotatably mounted on the frame, and two or more of the support members are installed on the swing shaft, and the two or more support members are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the swing shaft, and the The driving assembly further includes a driving mechanism for driving the swinging shaft to rotate so as to carry the holder into and out of the material space in a swinging motion.

The driving mechanism includes a supporting telescopic driving member hingedly mounted on the frame and a swing arm fixed on the swinging shaft, and the driving end of the supporting telescopic driving member is hinged with the swing arm.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

The automatic depalletizer of the present invention adopts a combination of a holding device, a conveying device and a material transfer device. During stacking, the material can be conveyed to the lower part of the holding device through the conveying device, and then the material on the conveying device can be transferred by the material transfer device. The material is transferred and conveyed to the holding device to complete the stacking. When unstacking, the material transferred by the material transfer device will be transferred to the conveying device, and then output by the conveying device. It integrates the holding device, the conveying device and the material transfer device on the same frame, which can be used for both palletizing and depalletizing. The advantage of high efficiency.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an automatic depalletizer.

FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a holding device.

FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the conveying device.

FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the lift drive assembly.

FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a carrying platform.

illustration:

1. Supporting device; 10. Material space; 11. Supporting member; 12. Swing shaft; 13. Supporting telescopic drive member; 14. Swing arm; 2. Conveying device; 21. Circular conveyor chain; 211. Straight Conveying section; 22, material stopper; 23, material stopper telescopic drive part; 3, material transfer device; 31, carrying platform; 311, chute; 312, guide roller; 32, rotating shaft; 33, rocker arm; 34, Support roller; 100, frame; 101, guide rail.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the automatic depalletizer in this embodiment includes a frame 100 , a holding device 1 installed on the frame 100 for holding materials, and a holding device 1 installed on the frame 100 for holding materials The material is conveyed to the conveying device 2 below the holding device 1 , and a material transfer device 3 for conveying the material between the conveying device 2 and the holding device 1 is provided below the holding device 1 . The automatic depalletizer adopts a combination of holding device 1, conveying device 2 and material transfer device 3. When stacking, the material can be transported to the bottom of the holding device 1 through the conveying device 2, and then transferred by the material transfer device 3. The materials on the conveying device 2 are transferred to the holding device 1 to complete the stacking. When unstacking, the materials stacked by the holding device 1 are transferred by the material transfer device 3 to the conveying device 2, and then output by the conveying device 2. That's it. It integrates the holding device 1, the conveying device 2 and the material transfer device 3 on the same frame 100, which can be used for both stacking and de-stacking, and has the advantages of high integration, simple and compact structure, small footprint and low cost. , The advantages of high depalletizing efficiency.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the material transfer device 3 includes a material carrying platform 31 and a lift drive assembly, and the drive end of the lift drive assembly is connected to the material support platform 31 and can drive the material support platform 31 The lifting and lowering movement is carried out within the height range between the conveying surface of the conveying device 2 and the height above the material being held by the holding device 1 . The material transfer device 3 uses the lifting and lowering drive assembly to drive the material carrying platform 31 to move up and down to transfer and convey materials, and can cooperate with the holding device 1 to stack the materials one by one and remove the stacked materials one by one. During stacking, the upward movement of the material carrying platform 31 lifts the previous material on the conveying device 2 to a height that can be held by the holding device 1, and then the holding device 1 acts to hold the material, and then the material carrying platform 31 down, and then lift the next material on the conveying device 2, so that the next material is supported on the bottom of the previous material and lifts the previous material away from the holding device 1, and then the holding device 1 is switched to not holding the material. state until the material carrying platform 31 lifts the next material to a height that can be held by the holding device 1, and the holding device 1 acts to hold the next material, so that the holding device 1 holds the next material, down A material supports the previous material, that is, the palletizing of the material is completed. By repeating the above process, multiple materials can be stacked in sequence, so that the multiple materials are stacked in sequence from top to bottom, and the holding device 1 supports the bottom material. When unstacking, the material carrying platform 31 moves upward to hold the bottom material and lift the whole stack, the bottom material is separated from the holding device 1, and then the holding device 1 switches to the state of not holding the material, and the material carrying platform 31 During the lowering motion, the penultimate material below falls to a height that can be supported by the holding device 1, and the holding device 1 switches to the state of holding the material to hold the penultimate material below. The material carrying platform 31 carries the most The material below moves down to the conveying device 2, that is, the destacking of the material at the bottom is completed, and the multiple stacking materials can be removed in sequence by repeating the above process. The material transfer device 3 has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, assemble and maintain, has low cost, and is stable and reliable in operation. It cooperates with the holding device 1 to carry out stacking and de-stacking work with simple process, easy control and high efficiency.

In this embodiment, the lift drive assembly includes two rotating shafts 32 and a rotating drive mechanism that drives the two rotating shafts 32 to rotate synchronously. The two rotating shafts 32 are rotatably mounted on the frame 100 and are arranged parallel to each other in the horizontal plane. The two ends of the shaft 32 are respectively provided with rocker arms 33, all the rocker arms 33 are arranged in parallel with each other, each rocker arm 33 is provided with a supporting roller 34, the bearing platform 31 is provided with two chute 311, and one end of the two rotating shafts 32 is a rocker. The support roller 34 on the arm 33 is placed in one of the chute 311 , and the support roller 34 on the rocker arm 33 at the other end of the two rotating shafts 32 is placed in the other chute 311 . That is, the frame 100 , the rocker arms 33 of the two rotating shafts 32 , and the bearing platform 31 are connected and cooperated with each other to form a parallelogram mechanism. The height changes accordingly, thereby forcing the carrying platform 31 to move up and down accordingly. The lift drive assembly has a simple and compact structure and high working stability.

The above-mentioned rotational driving mechanism includes a driving shaft driven to rotate by a motor, and each rotating shaft 32 is connected with the driving shaft through a chain transmission mechanism.

In this embodiment, the rack 100 is provided with a guide rail 101 , and the material carrying platform 31 is provided with a guide roller 312 that moves along the guide rail 101 to guide the lifting movement of the material carrying platform 31 , and the guide roller 312 cooperates with the guide rail 101 to guide Therefore, the stability of the lifting motion of the guide rail 101 can be improved.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , the conveying device 2 includes two endless conveyor chains 21 driven by the chain drive assembly, the two endless conveyor chains 21 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and each endless conveyor chain 21 is provided with A straight conveying section 211 for carrying and moving with the material, the material transfer device 3 is located between the two endless conveying chains 21 . When conveying the material, the material is placed on the straight conveying section 211 of the two annular conveying chains 21 and moves with the movement of the straight conveying section 211 . The material transfer device 3 is located between the two annular conveying chains 21, which makes the structure of the entire automatic depalletizer simple and compact, and facilitates the material transfer device 3 to accept materials and ensures the stability of the material transfer process. The above-mentioned chain drive assembly is in the prior art, including a motor and a sprocket, and the endless conveyor chain 21 is wound around and installed on the sprocket. In this embodiment,

In this embodiment, the conveying device 2 further includes a material blocking component that blocks the material when the material moves to a preset position directly below the holding device 1 . The material stopper blocks and prevents the material from continuing to convey, and plays a role in positioning the material, which can improve the accuracy and reliability of the material transfer and conveying work.

In this embodiment, the material stopper assembly includes more than one material stopper 22 and a material stopper telescopic drive member 23 that drives the material stopper 22 to move up and down in a height range between the upper and lower sides of the straight conveying section 211 . When the material stopper telescopic drive member 23 drives the material stopper 22 to rise to a position above the straight conveying section 211, the material stopper 22 can block the material, and the material stopper telescopic drive member 23 drives the material stopper 22 to descend to a position located in the straight conveying section. When the position is below 211, the material blocking member 22 does not block the material. The stopper assembly can be flexibly replaced to meet different work requirements, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and easy fabrication, assembly and maintenance. In this embodiment, the material blocking telescopic driving member 23 adopts a telescopic cylinder or a telescopic oil cylinder or an electric push rod.

In this embodiment, the holding device 1 includes a material space 10 arranged on the frame 100 for the material to move up and down and two sets of holding units installed on the frame 100 . On both sides, each holding unit includes more than one holding member 11 and a driving component for driving the holding member 11 to extend into and out of the material space 10 . When the holding members 11 of the two sets of holding units extend into the material space 10, the holding members 11 of the two sets of holding units hold the material from both sides of the bottom surface of the material respectively, and the holding stability is good. 11 When exiting the material space 10, the material can move up and down freely in the material space 10. The holding device 1 is simple in structure, low in cost and easy to implement. Preferably, two sides of the material space 10 are provided with guide rods for guiding the upper and lower employees of the material, which can improve the orderliness of material stacking.

In this embodiment, the drive assembly includes a swing shaft 12 rotatably mounted on the frame 100 , and two support members 11 are mounted on the swing shaft 12 . The assembly also includes a drive mechanism for driving the swinging shaft 12 to rotate, and when the swinging shaft 12 rotates, it extends into and out of the material space 10 with the support 11 in a swinging motion. The drive assembly has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low cost and good bearing capacity.

In this embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a supporting telescopic driving member 13 hingedly mounted on the frame 100 and a swing arm 14 fixed on the swing shaft 12 , and the driving end of the supporting telescopic driving member 13 is hinged with the swing arm 14 . The force of the holding member 11 to hold the material is the torsional force that makes the swing shaft 12 rotate, and the torsional force is directly fed back to the holding telescopic driving member 13 through the swing arm 14, and the holding telescopic driving member 13 can provide a greater resistance The rotating force of the swing shaft 12 enables the holding member 11 to hold heavier materials. In addition, the use of the supporting telescopic driving member 13 is convenient to switch the state of the supporting member 11 quickly and accurately, and the control difficulty is low.

Each motor in this embodiment adopts an explosion-proof motor design, which meets the explosion-proof requirements of the civil explosive industry. The material in this embodiment is a tray, and the middle positions on both sides of the tray have grooves for inserting the holding members 11 .

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For those skilled in the art, improvements and transformations obtained without departing from the technical concept of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic depalletizing stacker, characterized in that it comprises a frame (100), a holding device (1) installed on the frame (100) for holding materials, and a support device (1) installed on the frame (100) A conveying device (2) for conveying the material to the lower part of the holding device (1), the lower part of the holding device (1) is provided with a conveying device (2) for conveying the material between the conveying device (2) and the holding device (1) The material transfer device (3). 2. The automatic depalletizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material transfer device (3) comprises a material carrying platform (31) and a lift drive assembly, and the drive end of the lift drive assembly is connected to the material load The platform (31) is connected and can drive the material carrying platform (31) to move up and down in a height range between the lower part of the conveying surface of the conveying device (2) and the upper part of the height of the material supported by the holding device (1). 3. The automatic depalletizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lift drive assembly comprises two or more rotating shafts (32) and a rotary drive mechanism that drives the two rotating shafts (32) to rotate synchronously, and the two The rotating shafts (32) above the root are rotatably mounted on the frame (100) and arranged in parallel to each other in the horizontal plane. Rocker arms (33) are respectively provided at both ends of each rotating shaft (32), and all rocker arms (33) are parallel to each other. A supporting roller (34) is installed on each rocker arm (33), the bearing platform (31) is provided with two chute (311), and the rocker arm (33) on one end of the two or more rotating shafts (32) The supporting rollers (34) are placed in one of the chute (311), and the supporting rollers (34) on the rocker arm (33) at the other end of the two or more rotating shafts (32) are placed in the other chute (311). . 4. The automatic depalletizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the frame (100) is provided with a guide rail (101), and the material carrying platform (31) is provided with a guide rail (101) along the A guide roller (312) that moves to guide the up-and-down movement of the material carrying platform (31). 5 . The automatic depalletizer according to claim 1 , wherein the conveying device ( 2 ) comprises two endless conveyor chains ( 21 ) driven by the chain drive assembly, and two endless conveyor chains ( 21 ). 6 . ) are arranged in parallel and at intervals, each endless conveyor chain (21) is provided with a straight conveying section (211) for carrying and moving with the material, and the material transfer device (3) is located in the two endless conveyor chains (21). )between. 6 . The automatic depalletizer according to claim 5 , wherein the conveying device ( 2 ) further comprises a stopper for blocking the material when the material moves to a preset position directly below the holding device ( 1 ). 7 . material components. 7. The automatic depalletizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: the material stopper assembly comprises more than one material stopper (22) and drives the material stopper (22) in the straight conveying section (211) (23) of the stopper telescopic drive member for lifting and lowering movement within the height range between the top and bottom of the ). 8. The automatic depalletizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the holding device (1) comprises a material space provided on the frame (100) for the material to move up and down through (10) and two sets of holding units installed on the rack (100), the two sets of holding units are located on both sides of the material space (10), and each holding unit includes more than one holding piece (11) and a A driving component for driving the holder (11) into and out of the material space (10). 9. The automatic depalletizer according to claim 8, wherein the drive assembly comprises a swing shaft (12) rotatably mounted on the frame (100), and a swing shaft (12) is mounted on the swing shaft (12). Two or more support members (11), the two or more support members (11) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the swing shaft (12), and the driving assembly further comprises a device for driving the swing shaft (12) ) is rotated to carry the support (11) into and out of the material space (10) with a drive mechanism in a swinging motion. 10 . The automatic depalletizer according to claim 9 , wherein the drive mechanism comprises a supporting telescopic drive member ( 13 ) hingedly mounted on the frame ( 100 ) and fixed on the swing shaft ( 12 ). 11 . ) on the swing arm (14), the driving end of the supporting telescopic drive member (13) is hinged with the swing arm (14).

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