CN110675707B - Demonstrator for force exertion and reaction force for teaching - Google Patents
Demonstrator for force exertion and reaction force for teaching Download PDFInfo
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- CN110675707B CN110675707B CN201911010333.1A CN201911010333A CN110675707B CN 110675707 B CN110675707 B CN 110675707B CN 201911010333 A CN201911010333 A CN 201911010333A CN 110675707 B CN110675707 B CN 110675707B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of teaching tools, in particular to a demonstrator for force and reaction force used for teaching, which comprises a base, a disc base, a turntable, a workbench, a supporting rotary frame, a bearing, a controller, a transverse tension mechanism and a longitudinal tension mechanism, wherein the supporting rotary frame is arranged on the disc base, the transverse tension mechanism comprises a frequency modulation motor, a sliding table, a movable sliding block, a threaded rod, a first spring dynamometer, a second spring dynamometer and a third spring dynamometer, the longitudinal tension mechanism comprises a fourth spring dynamometer, a limit sliding block, a supporting frame and an electric push rod, the supporting frame is in a U-shaped structure and is fixedly arranged at the top of the limit sliding block, the demonstrator can show the force and the reaction force in detail by respectively carrying out butt-joint tension observation comparison on the first spring dynamometer and the second spring dynamometer, the third spring dynamometer and the fourth spring dynamometer through the frequency modulation motor and the electric push rod, the operation is simple, and the observation is clear, so that the relation between the acting force and the reacting force between the objects can be directly and objectively reflected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of teaching aids, in particular to a demonstrator for force exertion and reaction force for teaching.
Background
Newtons were proposed in 1687 from "mathematical principles of natural philosophy": the acting force and the reacting force between two objects are always equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, act on the same straight line, the force can not exist independently from the objects, which is the famous Newton's third law, and the basic characteristics of the acting force and the reacting force are as follows:
1. the action points of the two forces are two objects;
2. the two forces must be of the same nature;
3. the effect of the two forces can change the shape of the object and also change the motion state of the object;
4. must coexist;
the acting force and the reacting force have no primary and secondary sequence and are necessarily generated and disappear at the same time, the pair of forces act on different objects and cannot be counteracted, the origin of Newton's third law is irrelevant to a reference system, the Newton's third law still holds in a non-inertial system, and the understanding of the acting force and the reacting force is divided into two types:
the first type is that the first object acts on the second object actively, the second object acts on the first object passively, for example, when people play a basketball, the basketball is static originally and the hands of people give the basketball a beating action force, and then the basketball gives feedback to people with equal reaction force; the second type is that the two objects A and B are both actively acted on each other, and the two objects have active action and passive action at the same time, for example, a bumper car and two people break the wrists off the hands, the first car collides with the second car, which can be regarded as that the first car gives an acting force to the second car, the second car feeds back an equal reacting force to the first car, and then the first car collides with the first car, namely that the second car gives an acting force to the first car, and the first car feeds back an equal reacting force to the second car.
In order to make beginners understand more easily, and the physical demonstration is far more direct and objective than that of theories, so that the design of a demonstrator of acting force and reacting force is particularly important, the current Newton's third law demonstrator for teaching is basically a pair of spring dynamometers which are hooked with each other and pulled oppositely, the demonstration method is too monotonous and lacks of contrast and reference, and for some beginners, strong persuasion is not provided, so that a novel demonstrator for teaching acting force and reacting force is necessary to be designed.
Chinese patent application No.: CN 201520976820.4; the publication date is as follows: 2017.03.15 discloses a Newton's third law teaching demonstrator, which comprises a storage box body, wherein the storage box body is connected with a movable box cover, the other end of the movable box cover is connected with a fixed lock catch, and a control panel is also arranged in the cover; a demonstration operating platform is fixed in the storage box body, a telescopic base is installed at the bottom end of the demonstration operating platform, a sliding guide rail is laid on the upper surface of the demonstration operating platform, supporting columns are clamped in two ends of the sliding guide rail, a spring dynamometer is fixed on the supporting columns, an embedded microprocessor is installed in the control panel, the embedded microprocessor is connected with a data collector, a data memory and an LCD driver, and the output end of the LCD driver is also connected with a liquid crystal touch screen; the spring dynamometer is characterized in that a tension sensor is further installed at the tip end of the spring dynamometer, the embedded microprocessor is further connected with an independent power supply and a USB interface, a fixed pressing plate is further sleeved on the supporting column, an adjusting screw is arranged between the fixed pressing plate and the supporting column, the effect of transverse tension is limited, the contrast and the reference are single, the device further relates to a data acquisition unit, a data storage device and an LCD driver, the cost is high, and the device is not suitable for being applied to teaching aids.
Chinese patent application No.: CN 201520976820.4; the publication date is as follows: 2016.06.15 discloses a Newton's third law teaching demonstration ware, including propping excellent and collision body, prop the excellent structure for long thin straight stick, the ware both ends are provided with an elasticity respectively and press from both sides, collision body includes magnet cover, magnet, funnel and arc ball, the magnet cover is circular cutting ferrule structure, its neck end is provided with the link, magnet is the circular plate structure that the center was provided with the round hole, the magnet noose is inside the magnet cover, the funnel noose is in the central round hole of magnet, the concave side of arc ball is detained in the opposite one side that spills the funnel tail pipe, two rubber arc balls that utilize magnet appeal to make collide with each other, observe red ink displacement and the direction in the funnel tail pipe, but the gravitation of magnet is limited, when two arc balls collide with each other, the acceleration that produces is not enough to drive the ink skew, the obvious shortcoming of the device is: when two rubber arc balls collide with each other statically, two drops of red ink can produce an inertia and move forward, at this moment, two rubber arc balls receive the extrusion, produce the extrusion force and can make red ink move backward and move forward in the twinkling of an eye again, and this can form very big error, and the notion of effort and counter force is very fuzzy moreover.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a demonstrator for teaching to use as a force and reaction force.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a teaching is used as hard and reaction force demonstration ware, which comprises a base, the disc base, the carousel, the workstation, support swivel mount, a bearing, a controller, horizontal tension mechanism and vertical tension mechanism, the base is square structure, and the base is fixed in the bottom of disc base, disc base's top middle part is equipped with the inserting groove, and the top of inserting groove is equipped with cyclic annular first flange, bearing outer fringe is fixed to be set up in the inserting groove, carousel bottom is hollow cylindrical structure and bearing inner edge joint, and the top of carousel is equipped with the second flange, the workstation is fixed to be set up in disc base middle part position, support swivel mount sets up on swivel base, and support swivel mount is two half-cylindrical structures of middle cutting, horizontal tension mechanism includes frequency modulation motor, the slip table, the removal slider, the threaded rod, first spring dynamometer, second spring dynamometer and third spring dynamometer, the sliding table is positioned on the workbench, the frequency modulation motor, the threaded rod and the movable sliding block are arranged on the sliding table, an output shaft of the frequency modulation motor is in threaded connection with the movable sliding block through the threaded rod, the first spring dynamometer is fixedly arranged on the movable sliding block in the horizontal direction, the second spring dynamometer and the third spring dynamometer are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the first spring dynamometer, the longitudinal tension mechanism comprises a fourth spring dynamometer, a limit sliding block, a supporting frame and an electric push rod, the supporting frame is in a U-shaped structure and is fixedly arranged at the top of the limit sliding block, the electric push rod is fixedly arranged on the supporting frame in an inverted manner, the fourth spring dynamometer is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the electric push rod in an inverted manner, the movable sliding block comprises an upper sliding block and a lower sliding block, two fastening knobs with the same shape and size are arranged at the top end of the upper, the two strip-shaped grooves are connected with the sliding table in a sliding mode, and the upper sliding block is detachably connected with the lower sliding block through the fastening knob.
Preferably, the top end of the disc base is provided with an annular slide rail, the bottom of the supporting rotating frame is provided with an annular slide groove, the disc base is connected with the supporting rotating frame in a sliding mode, two bolts are symmetrically arranged between the first flange and the second flange, two symmetrical pin holes are formed in the first flange and the second flange respectively, and the bolts are detachably connected with the first flange and the second flange.
Preferably, the second flange top middle part symmetry is equipped with two crossbeams, and two fixed being equipped with in crossbeam middle parts overlap establishes the ring to the both ends of crossbeam are the fretwork form, the outside of carousel is equipped with two handles that the shape size is the same, and two handles all with carousel fixed connection.
Preferably, the bottom of the second spring dynamometer and the bottom of the third spring dynamometer are both provided with a placing table, the two placing tables are the same in size and shape, the two placing tables are both fixedly connected with the turntable, the bottoms of the second spring dynamometer and the third spring dynamometer are both fixedly connected with the two placing tables through bolts, and the side surfaces of the two crossbeams are both provided with a square hole for supporting the rotating frame and fixedly connected with the crossbeams.
Preferably, the first spring dynamometer, the second spring dynamometer and the fourth spring dynamometer are all the same in structural size and stiffness coefficient, and the stiffness coefficient of the third spring dynamometer and the weight rod are larger than those of the first spring dynamometer.
Preferably, the middle part of the limiting slide block is provided with a rectangular hole, the output end of the electric push rod is provided with a connecting plate, the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the fourth spring dynamometer through a bolt, and the connecting plate and the bottom of the fourth spring dynamometer are both located in the rectangular hole.
Preferably, the top symmetry of supporting the swivel mount is fixed and is equipped with two bar posts, and the opposite face of two bar posts respectively is equipped with the same sliding tray of a shape size, the both ends side of spacing slider respectively is equipped with a removal slide bar, removes slide bar and corresponds bar post sliding connection.
Preferably, the top of workstation still is equipped with four stoppers that the structure size is the same, four stoppers all with the top fixed connection of workstation to four stoppers two bisymmetries set up in the both sides of slip table.
Preferably, the controller is fixedly arranged on one side of the supporting rotating frame and is electrically connected with the frequency modulation motor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: before demonstration, firstly checking whether the four spring dynamometers are safe and normal and correcting zero, clamping a bearing with a turntable, holding a handle to rotate the turntable to enable a second spring dynamometer to be connected with a first spring dynamometer weight rod, correcting zero again and recording initial positions of the two weight rods, inserting a bolt into two pin holes in a disc base from the turntable, pressing a controller frequency modulation motor switch, driving a threaded rod to rotate by an output shaft of a frequency modulation motor, driving a lower slide block to move because the threaded rod is in threaded connection with the lower slide block, connecting the lower slide block with an upper slide block through a fastening knob, driving the upper slide block to synchronously rotate by the lower slide block, fixedly connecting the bottom of the first spring dynamometer with the upper slide block, pulling the second spring dynamometer by the first spring dynamometer and recording, closing the frequency modulation motor and extracting the bolt, holding the handle to rotate the turntable, the first spring dynamometer is butted with a third spring dynamometer, a bolt is inserted, a frequency modulation motor is started, the first spring dynamometer pulls the third spring dynamometer, the weight rod mass of the third spring dynamometer is larger than that of the first spring dynamometer and is recorded, the frequency modulation motor is closed and the bolt is pulled out, then two fastening knobs are disassembled to enable two strip-shaped grooves on an upper sliding block to be inserted on a sliding table, the first spring dynamometer is vertically upward, a fourth spring dynamometer is butted with the first spring dynamometer, an electric push rod is started, the fourth spring dynamometer pulls the drop spring dynamometer and is recorded, the three records are compared to obtain a conclusion, the frequency modulation motor and the electric push rod respectively carry out butt-pull observation comparison on the first spring dynamometer and the second spring dynamometer, the third spring dynamometer and the fourth spring dynamometer, the method can show the acting force and the reacting force in detail, is simple to operate, and clearly observes and directly and objectively reflects the relation between the acting force and the reacting force between the objects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal perspective structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the turntable and bearing of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the base and the disc base of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection of the support turret and the longitudinal tensioning mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a transverse pulling mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the longitudinal tensioning mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view at B of FIG. 5;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view at C of FIG. 6;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view at D of FIG. 6;
in the figure: the device comprises a base 1, a disc base 2, an inserting groove 2a, a first flange 2b, a sliding rail 2c, a sliding groove 2d, a bolt 2e, a pin hole 2f, a rotary disc 3, a second flange 3a, a cross beam 3b, a circular ring 3c, a handle 3d, a placing table 3e, a square hole 3f, a workbench 4, a limiting block 4a, a supporting rotary frame 5, a strip-shaped column 5a, a sliding groove 5b, a controller 5c, a bearing 6, a transverse tension mechanism 7, a frequency modulation motor 7a, a sliding table 7b, a movable sliding block 7c, a threaded rod 7d, a first spring dynamometer 7e, a second spring dynamometer 7f, a third spring dynamometer 7g, an upper sliding block 7h, a lower sliding block 7i, a fastening knob 7j, a longitudinal tension mechanism 8, a fourth spring dynamometer 8a, a limiting sliding block 8b, a supporting frame 8c, an electric push rod 8d, a strip-shaped groove 8e, a rectangular hole 8f, a connecting plate 8, The slide bar is moved for 8 h.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not indicated or implied that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and the specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" or the like, if appearing to indicate a connection relationship between the components, is to be understood broadly, for example, as being fixed or detachable or integral; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through one or more other components or may be in an interactive relationship with one another. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, a demonstrator for force and reaction force used in teaching comprises a base 1, a disc base 2, a turntable 3, a workbench 4, a supporting rotating frame 5, a bearing 6, a controller 5c, a transverse tension mechanism 7 and a longitudinal tension mechanism 8, wherein the base 1 is of a square structure, the base 1 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the disc base 2, an insertion groove 2a is arranged in the middle of the top end of the disc base 2, an annular first flange 2b is arranged at the top of the insertion groove 2a, the outer edge of the bearing 6 is fixedly arranged in the insertion groove 2a, the bottom of the turntable 3 is of a hollow cylindrical structure and is clamped with the inner edge of the bearing 6, a second flange 3a is arranged at the top of the turntable 3, the workbench 4 is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the disc base 2, the supporting rotating frame 5 is arranged on the disc base 2, and the supporting rotating frame 5 is of two semi-cylindrical structures with, the transverse tension mechanism 7 comprises a frequency modulation motor 7a, a sliding table 7b, a movable sliding block 7c, a threaded rod 7d, a first spring dynamometer 7e, a second spring dynamometer 7f and a third spring dynamometer 7g, the sliding table 7b is positioned on the workbench 4, the frequency modulation motor 7a, the threaded rod 7d and the movable sliding block 7c are all arranged on the sliding table 7b, an output shaft of the frequency modulation motor 7a is in threaded connection with the movable sliding block 7c through the threaded rod 7d, the first spring dynamometer 7e is fixedly arranged on the movable sliding block 7c in the horizontal direction, the second spring dynamometer 7f and the third spring dynamometer 7g are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the first spring dynamometer 7e, the longitudinal tension mechanism 8 comprises a fourth spring dynamometer 8a, a limit sliding block 8b, a supporting frame 8c and an electric push rod 8d, the supporting frame 8c is of a U-shaped structure, and the supporting frame 8c is fixedly arranged at the top of the limit sliding block, before demonstration, firstly, the four spring dynamometers are checked whether the electric push rod 8d is safe and normal and zero-calibrated, because the bearing 6 is clamped with the rotary table 3, the handle 3d is held to rotate the rotary table 3 to enable the second spring dynamometer 7f to be connected with the weight rod of the first spring dynamometer 7e, zero-calibration is carried out again and the initial positions of the two weight rods are recorded, the bolt 2e is inserted into the two pin holes 2f positioned in the disc base 1 from the rotary table 3, the controller 5c is pressed down to turn on and off the frequency modulation motor 7a, the output shaft of the frequency modulation motor 7a drives the threaded rod 7d to rotate, because the threaded rod 7d is in threaded connection with the lower sliding block 7i, the threaded rod 7d drives the lower sliding block 7i to move, and the lower sliding block 7i is connected with the upper sliding block 7h through the fastening knob 7j, therefore, the lower slide block 7i drives the upper slide block 7h to synchronously rotate, the bottom of the first spring dynamometer 7e is fixedly connected with the upper slide block 7h, so that the first spring dynamometer 7e pulls the second spring dynamometer 7f and records, the frequency modulation motor 7a is closed, the bolt 2e is pulled out, the handle 3d is held to rotate the rotary disc 3, the first spring dynamometer 7e is butted with the third spring dynamometer 7g, the bolt 2e is inserted, the frequency modulation motor 7a is started, the first spring dynamometer 7e pulls the third spring dynamometer 7g, the mass of the weight rod of the third spring dynamometer 7g is larger than that of the first spring dynamometer 7e and records, the frequency modulation motor 7a is closed and the bolt 2e is pulled out, then the two fastening knobs 7j are detached, so that the two strip-shaped grooves 8e on the upper slide block 7h are inserted on the sliding table 7b, and the first spring dynamometer 7e is vertically upward, the fourth spring force gauge 8a is docked with the first spring force gauge 7e, the electric push rod 8d is actuated, the fourth spring force gauge 8a pulls on the drop spring force gauge and a record is made, and the three records are compared to conclude.
The top end of the disc base 2 is provided with an annular slide rail 2c, the bottom of the supporting rotating frame 5 is provided with an annular slide groove 2d, the disc base 2 is connected with the supporting rotating frame 5 in a sliding way, two bolts 2e are symmetrically arranged between the first flange 2b and the second flange 3a, and the first flange 2b and the second flange 3a are respectively provided with two symmetrical pin holes 2f, the bolt 2e is detachably connected with the first flange 2b and the second flange 3a, when the rotary disc 3 is rotated, the support rotary frame 5 can block the rotation of the rotary disc 3, the disc base 2 is connected with the supporting rotating frame 5 in a sliding way, when the turntable 3 rotates, the supporting rotating frame 5 can synchronously rotate along with the turntable 3 in the slide rail 2c, the bolt 2e effectively avoids rolling of the turntable 3 when the first spring load cell 7e is engaged with the second spring load cell 7f and the third spring load cell 7g respectively.
The first spring load cell 7e, the second spring load cell 7f and the fourth spring load cell 8a are all the same in structural size and stiffness coefficient, the third spring load cell 7g is larger in stiffness coefficient than the first spring load cell 7e with the weight rod, the first spring load cell 7e and the second spring load cell 7f demonstrate the relation between the acting force and the reaction force between objects of the same mass size in the horizontal direction, the first spring load cell 7e and the third spring load cell 7g demonstrate the relation between the acting force and the reaction force between objects of different mass sizes in the horizontal direction, and the first spring load cell 7e and the fourth spring load cell 8a demonstrate the relation between the acting force and the reaction force between objects of the same mass size in the vertical direction.
Remove slider 7c includes slider 7h and lower slider 7i, slider 7h top is equipped with the fastening knob 7j that two shapes sizes are the same, and slider 7h is close to one side both sides symmetry of frequency modulation motor 7a and is equipped with twice bar groove 8e, twice bar groove 8e and the equal sliding connection of slip table 7b, slider 7h is through fastening knob 7j and lower slider 7i and can dismantle the connection, when carrying out first spring dynamometer 7e and the butt joint of fourth spring dynamometer 8a, only need two fastening knobs 7j of roll-off, can dock with the fourth spring dynamometer 8a directly over on slip table 7b with two bar groove 8e joints of slider 7h side.
8b middle part of limit slide is equipped with rectangular hole 8f, electric putter 8 d's output is equipped with a connecting plate 8g, connecting plate 8g passes through bolt and the bottom fixed connection of fourth spring dynamometer 8a, connecting plate 8g all is located rectangular hole 8f with fourth spring dynamometer 8a bottom, connecting plate 8g is located limit slide 8 b's rectangular hole 8f with fourth spring dynamometer 8 a's bottom, when 3 rotations of carousel, 3 drive runing rest 8c rotations of carousel, can not make fourth spring dynamometer 8a rock, thereby the influence is used.
The fixed two bar posts 5a that are equipped with of top symmetry of supporting swivel mount 5, the opposite face of two bar posts 5a respectively is equipped with the same sliding tray 5b of a shape size, limit slide 8 b's both ends side respectively is equipped with a removal slide bar 8h, removes slide bar 8h and corresponds bar post 5a sliding connection, and limit slide 8b can slide in two bar posts 5a, and the purpose is for demonstrating the effort and the reaction force relation that oblique ascending power produced are exerted to dripping the spring dynamometer to fourth spring dynamometer 8 a.
The top of workstation 4 still is equipped with four stoppers 4a that the structure size is the same, four stoppers 4a all with the top fixed connection of workstation 4 to four stoppers 4a bisymmetry sets up in slip table 7 b's both sides, and four stoppers 4a can effectively fix slip table 7b, make first spring dynamometer 7e with slip table 7b fixed connection remain throughout and place the same horizontal plane of second spring dynamometer 7f and third spring dynamometer 7g on the platform 3 e.
The controller 5c is fixedly arranged on one side of the supporting rotating frame 5, the controller 5c is electrically connected with the frequency modulation motor 7a, the electric connection operation is simple, the operation is convenient and fast, and the demonstration efficiency is effectively improved.
The working principle is as follows: before demonstration, firstly, the four spring dynamometer are checked whether the four spring dynamometer are safe and normal and zero calibration is carried out, the bearing 6 is clamped with the rotary disc 3, the handle 3d is held to rotate the rotary disc 3, so that the second spring dynamometer 7f is connected with the weight rod of the first spring dynamometer 7e, zero calibration is carried out again, the initial positions of the two weight rods are recorded, the bolt 2e is inserted into the two pin holes 2f positioned in the disc base 1 from the rotary disc 3, the frequency modulation motor 7a of the controller 5c is pressed down to be switched on and switched off, the output shaft of the frequency modulation motor 7a drives the threaded rod 7d to rotate, because the threaded rod 7d is in threaded connection with the lower sliding block 7i, the threaded rod 7d drives the lower sliding block 7i to move, the lower sliding block 7i is connected with the upper sliding block 7h through the fastening knob 7j, the lower sliding block 7i drives the upper sliding block 7h, therefore, the first spring dynamometer 7e pulls the second spring dynamometer 7f and records, the frequency modulation motor 7a is closed and the bolt 2e is pulled out, the handle 3d is held to rotate the rotary plate 3, the first spring dynamometer 7e is butted with the third spring dynamometer 7g, the bolt 2e is inserted, the frequency modulation motor 7a is started, the first spring dynamometer 7e pulls the third spring dynamometer 7g, the mass of a weight rod of the third spring dynamometer 7g is larger than that of the first spring dynamometer 7e, records are carried out, the frequency modulation motor 7a is closed and the bolt 2e is pulled out, then the two fastening knobs 7j are disassembled, two strip-shaped grooves 8e on the upper sliding block 7h are inserted on the sliding table 7b, the first spring dynamometer 7e is vertically upward, the fourth spring dynamometer 8a is butted with the first spring dynamometer 7e, the electric push rod 8d is started, the fourth spring force gauge 8a pulls on the drop spring force gauge and records, and the three records are compared to conclude.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and the technical principles applied thereto. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, equivalents, changes, and the like can be made to the present invention. However, such variations are within the scope of the invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the invention. In addition, certain terms used in the specification and claims of the present application are not limiting, but are used merely for convenience of description.
Claims (9)
1. A demonstrator for force exertion and reaction force for teaching is characterized by comprising a base (1), a disc base (2), a turntable (3), a workbench (4), a supporting rotating frame (5), a bearing (6), a controller (5c), a transverse tension mechanism (7) and a longitudinal tension mechanism (8), wherein the base (1) is of a square structure, the base (1) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the disc base (2), an insertion groove (2a) is arranged in the middle of the top end of the disc base (2), an annular first flange (2b) is arranged at the top of the insertion groove (2a), the outer edge of the bearing (6) is fixedly arranged in the insertion groove (2a), the bottom of the turntable (3) is of a hollow cylindrical structure and is clamped with the inner edge of the bearing (6), a second flange (3a) is arranged at the top of the turntable (3), the workbench (4) is fixedly arranged at the middle position of the disc base (2), the supporting rotating frame (5) is arranged on the disc base (2), the supporting rotating frame (5) is of two semi-cylindrical structures with half-cut middle parts, the transverse tension mechanism (7) comprises a frequency modulation motor (7a), a sliding table (7b), a movable sliding block (7c), a threaded rod (7d), a first spring dynamometer (7e), a second spring dynamometer (7f) and a third spring dynamometer (7g), the sliding table (7b) is positioned on the workbench (4), the frequency modulation motor (7a), the threaded rod (7d) and the movable sliding block (7c) are all arranged on the sliding table (7b), an output shaft of the frequency modulation motor (7a) is in threaded connection with the movable sliding block (7c) through the threaded rod (7d), the first spring dynamometer (7e) is fixedly arranged on the movable sliding block (7c) in the horizontal direction, the second spring dynamometer (7f) and the third spring dynamometer (7g) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the first spring dynamometer (7e), the longitudinal tension mechanism (8) comprises a fourth spring dynamometer (8a), a limiting slide block (8b), a support frame (8c) and an electric push rod (8d), the support frame (8c) is of a U-shaped structure, the support frame (8c) is fixedly arranged at the top of the limiting slide block (8b), the electric push rod (8d) is fixedly arranged on the support frame (8c) in an inverted mode, the fourth spring dynamometer (8a) is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the electric push rod (8d) in an inverted mode, the movable slide block (7c) comprises an upper slide block (7h) and a lower slide block (7i), two fastening knobs (7j) with the same shape and size are arranged at the top end of the upper slide block (7h), two strip-shaped grooves (8e) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of one side, close to the frequency modulation motor (7a), of the upper slide block (7h) and the slide table (7b) are connected in, the upper sliding block (7h) is detachably connected with the lower sliding block (7i) through a fastening knob (7 j).
2. The force and reaction demonstrator for teaching according to claim 1, wherein the top end of the disc base (2) is provided with an annular slide rail (2c), the bottom of the supporting rotating frame (5) is provided with an annular slide groove (2d), the disc base (2) is slidably connected with the supporting rotating frame (5), two pins (2e) are symmetrically arranged between the first flange (2b) and the second flange (3a), two symmetrical pin holes (2f) are respectively arranged on the first flange (2b) and the second flange (3a), and the pins (2e) are detachably connected with the first flange (2b) and the second flange (3 a).
3. The force and reaction demonstrator for teaching according to claim 2, wherein two cross beams (3b) are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the top end of the second flange (3a), a sleeved ring (3c) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the two cross beams (3b), two ends of each cross beam (3b) are hollowed out, two handles (3d) with the same shape and size are arranged on the outer side of the turntable (3), and the two handles (3d) are fixedly connected with the turntable (3).
4. A demonstrator for teaching application force and reaction force as in claim 1, wherein the second spring dynamometer (7f) and the third spring dynamometer (7g) are each provided with a placing platform (3e) at the bottom, the two placing platforms (3e) are of the same size and shape, the two placing platforms (3e) are each fixedly connected with the rotary table (3), the bottoms of the second spring dynamometer (7f) and the third spring dynamometer (7g) are each fixedly connected with the two placing platforms (3e) through bolts, and the lateral surfaces of the two cross beams (3b) are each provided with a square hole (3f) for fixedly connecting the supporting rotary frame (5) and the cross beam (3 b).
5. An educational use as a force and reaction demonstrator according to claim 4, wherein the first spring load cell (7e), the second spring load cell (7f) and the fourth spring load cell (8a) are all of the same size and stiffness, and the third spring load cell (7g) has a greater stiffness than the first spring load cell (7e) with respect to the weight bar.
6. A demonstrator for teaching application force and reaction force as in claim 5, wherein the middle of the position-limiting slider (8b) is provided with a rectangular hole (8f), the output end of the electric push rod (8d) is provided with a connecting plate (8g), the connecting plate (8g) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the fourth spring dynamometer (8a) through a bolt, and the connecting plate (8g) and the bottom of the fourth spring dynamometer (8a) are both located in the rectangular hole (8 f).
7. A demonstrator for exerting force and reaction force for teaching according to claim 6, wherein the top of the supporting and rotating frame (5) is symmetrically and fixedly provided with two bar-shaped columns (5a), the opposite surfaces of the two bar-shaped columns (5a) are respectively provided with a sliding groove (5b) with the same shape and size, the side surfaces of the two ends of the limiting slide block (8b) are respectively provided with a movable slide bar (8h), and the movable slide bars (8h) are slidably connected with the corresponding bar-shaped columns (5 a).
8. The demonstrator for exertion force and reaction force for teaching according to claim 7, wherein four limiting blocks (4a) with the same structure size are further arranged at the top of the workbench (4), the four limiting blocks (4a) are fixedly connected with the top of the workbench (4), and the four limiting blocks (4a) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sliding table (7b) in pairs.
9. A demonstrator for teaching use as a force or reaction according to claim 8, wherein said controller (5c) is fixedly arranged on the side of the supporting and rotating frame (5) and the controller (5c) is electrically connected to the FM motor (7 a).
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